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In this paper, ANSYS Workbench software is used to establish the brake caliper finite element model, finite element analysis of the model. Under the premise of satisfying the strength, stiffness and stability of the caliper model, Workbench DesignXplorer module was used to optimize the caliper parts' dimensions, and a two-level response surface model was constructed based on OSF algorithm. The caliper mass was taken as the main output parameter, and the lightweight design was carried out through MOGA multi-objective optimization. In terms of material lightweight, new vermicular cast iron was selected to replace QT450, QT600 and Q235 materials. After lightweight design, the yield strength and tension and compression strength of calipers were satisfied, and the mass was reduced by 15.4%

SpaceClaim was used to parameterize the main dimensions of 6.50R16 trailer hub model. The sensitivity diagram of hub parameters was obtained based on Central Composite Design (CCD) algorithm, and the stress area of hub was screened out. Using transient mechanical fatigue analysis was carried out on the wheel under the condition of impact load on the S-N fatigue curve obtained hub fatigue failure area, through Admass STEP function wheel movement geometry curve under impact load is determined, according to the result of wheel hub parameter sensitive figure, fatigue analysis and topology wheel movement curve area under impact load, The shape of the hub model was optimized based on topology optimization, and the new hub model was constructed by SpaceClaim geometric post-processing. After topology optimization, the hub quality is reduced to 16%

Salinity is a major factor limiting plant growth and agricultural production worldwide. Glycine betaine (GB) is one of the most universal osmoprotectants that protects plants from environmental stresses. In this study, transgenic cotton co-expressing ApGSMT2g and ApDMT2g was generated by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Compared with wild-type (WT), co-expression of ApGSMT2g and ApDMT2g in cotton results in higher GB amounts, higher relative water content (RWC), lower osmotic potential, more K+, and less Na+ under salt stress, which contributes to maintaining intracellular osmoregulation and K+/Na+ homeostasis and thus confers higher salt tolerance and more vigorous growth. Furthermore, co-expressing ApGSMT2g and ApDMT2g in cotton leads to better performance of PSII, greater photosynthesis capacity, and finally, improves plant growth and increases cotton seed yield compared to WT under salt stress. The reason for the better performance of PSII in transgenic cotton is the higher quantum yield and a more reasonable quantum ratio distribution than WT under salt stress. Co-expressing ApGSMT2g and ApDMT2g in cotton also reduces membrane damage and increases superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity compared to WT under salt stress. Our results indicate that transgenic ApGSMT2g and ApDMT2g cotton shows higher salt tolerance and more seed cotton yield in saline fields compared to wild-type.

// Yanlong Yu 1 , Jiuling Song 1 , Ran Zhang 1 , Zhonghua Liu 1 , Qiang Li 1 , Ying Shi 1 , Ying Chen 1 and Jinming Chen 1 1 Department of General Surgery, Chifeng Municipal Hospital, Inner Mongolia Medical University institute of clinical, Chifeng 024000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China Correspondence to: Jinming Chen, email: chenjinming0998@163.com Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma, microvascular invasion, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, prognosis Received: May 18, 2017 Accepted: June 29, 2017 Published: July 12, 2017 ABSTRACT Small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is less invasive and has a better prognosis, but it still has a high recurrence rate. Microvascular invasion (MVI), as a poor prognostic indicator, is of great importance for treating of patients with HCC. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the predictive value of preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and possible clinical parameters to MVI in patients with HCC. A total of 157 operable patients with HCC having a tumor diameter of less than or equal to 5 cm were enrolled in this study. The utility of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and other clinical parameters was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curves. MVI was identified as an independent influencing factor for disease-free survival in patients with HCC who underwent curative resection, using the multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model. The independent parameters associated with MVI were determined using logistic analysis. Multivariate analyses indicated that the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio [hazard ratio, 1.705; 95% confidence interval, 0.467–6.232; P = 0.022)], platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (hazard ratio, 1.048; 95% confidence interval, 1.006–1.092; P = 0.025), and a-fetoprotein (hazard ratio, 1.012; 95% confidence interval, 1.003–1.021; P = 0.007) were significantly associated with MVI independently. Therefore, this study concluded that the preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and a-fetoprotein might serve as useful biomarkers for predicting MVI in patients with HCC.

The emergence and survival of cotton seedlings is crucial for cotton cultivation in saline fields. Limited seed cotton yield in saline fields is also a matter of concern for farmers. The expression of TsVP, a Thellungiella halophila gene encoding a vacuolar proton pumping pyrophosphatase, has been shown to improve the salinity tolerance of transgenic cotton under greenhouse conditions. However, the potential for TsVP to improve the seed cotton yield in saline fields has yet to be evaluated. In this study, the time of emergence, emergence rate, survival rate, carbon assimilation capacity during bud stage, seed cotton yield, and cotton fibre quality were determined in saline field trials using TsVP-overexpressing transgenic cotton and wild-type cotton plants. In a saline field, TsVP-overexpressing transgenic cotton emerged two days earlier than wild-type plants, and displayed greater emergence rate and survival rate. The seed cotton yield of TsVP-overexpressing transgenic cotton plants increased by an average of 14.81 % compared with that of wild-type plants, and cotton fibre quality also improved. In greenhouse conditions, TsVP-overexpressing plants also required a shorter time for 50 % emergence than wild-type plants when the NaCl concentration was greater than 100 mM. This research indicates that TsVP has the potential to improve seed cotton yield in saline fields.

Salinity is one of the major abiotic stressors affecting cotton production. The AtNHX1 gene from Arabidopsis thaliana and the TsVP gene from Thellungiella halophila were co-expressed in cotton (cv. GK35) to improve its salt tolerance. Cotton with overexpressed AtNHX1-TsVP genes had higher emergence rates and higher dry matter accumulation under salt stress in the greenhouse and better emergence rates and survival rates in a saline field compared to the WT. More importantly, the cotton with overexpressed AtNHX1-TsVP genes had higher seed cotton yield in the saline field. The growth of transgenic cotton with overexpression of the AtNHX1-TsVP genes may be related to the accumulation of Na+, K+ and Ca2+ in leaves under salt stress. The accumulation of these cations could improve the ability to maintain ion homeostasis and osmotic potential in plant cells under salt stress, thereby conferring cells with higher relative water content and maintaining higher carbon assimilation capacity. These results reveal that overexpression of AtNHX1-TsVP significantly enhances the tolerance of transgenic cotton to high salinity compared to WT. This study aids efforts of breeding salt-tolerant cotton to achieve the strategy of “westward, eastward, northward” in Chinese cotton production.

List of primers used in quantitative real time-PCR expression analysis (DOC 39Â kb)

The K a /Ks ratio of four G. hirsutum duplicated gene pairs (DOC 30Â kb)

List of primers used for gene amplification. (DOC 40Â kb)

Functional annotations of GhNPCs. Functional annotations of GhNPCs were predicted using the Cotton Functional Genomics Database (DOC 88Â kb)

Sequence information of twenty motifs (DOC 38Â kb)

The CDS sequences of GhNPCs (DOC 39Â kb)

Background The low-phosphate-tolerant maize mutant Qi319-96 was obtained from Qi319 through cellular engineering. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the low-phosphate tolerance of this mutant, we performed comparative proteome analyses of the leaves of Qi319-96 and Qi319 under inorganic phosphate (Pi)-sufficient and Pi-deficient conditions. Results Low-phosphorus levels limit plant growth and metabolism. Although the overall phosphorus contents of shoots were not significantly different between Qi319 and Qi319-96, the Pi level of Qi319-96 was 52.94 % higher than that of Qi319. Under low phosphorus conditions, Qi319-96 had increased chlorophyll levels and enhanced photosynthesis. The changes in starch and sucrose contents under these conditions also differed between genotypes. The proteomic changes included 29 (Pi-sufficient) and 71 (Pi-deficient) differentially expressed proteins involved in numerous metabolic processes. Proteome and physiological analyses revealed that Qi319-96 could better remodel the lipid composition of membranes and had higher V-ATPase activity levels than Qi319 under low-phosphate starvation, which enhanced the recycling of intracellular Pi, as reflected by its increased Pi levels. Chlorophyll biosynthesis was improved and the levels, and activities, of several Calvin cycle and “CO2 pump” enzymes were greater in Qi319-96 than in Qi319, which led to a higher rate of photosynthesis under low-phosphate stress in this line compared with in Qi319. Conclusions Our results suggest that the increased tolerance of the maize mutant Qi319-96 to low-phosphate levels is owing to its ability to increase Pi availability. Additionally, inbred lines of maize with low-P-tolerant traits could be obtained effectively through cellular engineering. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12870-016-0825-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Differentially accumulated proteins with similar functions present in the leaves of Qi319-96 and Qi319 under both + P and − P conditions. (DOC 2104 kb)

MS/MS patterns of sequenced peptides. (DOC 1467 kb)