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The minimal scalar sector of the 3-3-1 model is composed by the SU(3)$_{L}$ triplet scalars η, ρ, χ and its potential allows the trilinear term f2χηρ. Since f is an energy scale associated to the explicit violation of Peccei-Quinn global symmetry, it is natural to wonder about its value and influence in the spectrum of scalars of the model. Here, we show that f determines the spectrum of scalars of the model. Hence, we develop the scalar sector considering f belonging to four energy regimes, namely f≪〈η〉0, 〈ρ〉0; f=〈η〉0, 〈ρ〉0; f=〈χ〉0 and f≫〈χ〉0 and obtain the spectrum of scalars for each case. In the first and second cases the spectrum of scalars presents a set of new scalars belonging to the electroweak scale, while in the third case all new scalars belong to the 3-3-1 scale and the fourth case all the new scalars have masses lying at f scale. All cases have a neutral CP-even scalar mimicking the standard Higgs.

O artigo analisa a automutilacao e a ideacao suicida, suas similaridades e diferencas, enfatizando o sofrimento emocional presente nos dois comportamentos e a possibilidade de eles tambem aparecerem juntos. Justifica-se pela necessidade de visibilidade da adolescencia e seus processos, para que as transicoes pelas fases da vida tenham um olhar mais compreensivo e esclarecedor. Tem como objetivo relacionar o advento das TICs e sua relacao com a ASIS, e desmistificar a chamada ‘rebeldia’ como um processo psicologico e neuro cognitivo. A metodologia utilizada foi uma revisao bibliografica, com enfase no comportamento autolesivo e a ideacao suicida. Considera-se de suma importância a desestigmatizacao da ASIS como ou drama ou um tabu, realcando a necessidade do dialogo, do entendimento do desenvolvimento humano e das necessidades e caracteristicas psiquicas dos adolescentes.

Since the heavy neutrinos of the inverse seesaw mechanism mix largely with the standard ones, the charged currents formed with them and the muons have the potential of generating robust and positive contribution to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon. However, bounds from the non-unitary in the leptonic mixing matrix may restrict so severely the parameters of the mechanism that, depending on the framework under which the mechanism is implemented, may render it unable to explain the recent muon g-2 result. In this paper we show that this happens when we implement the mechanism into the standard model and into two versions of the 3-3-1 models.

It is well known that the Standard Model of the Electroweak interactions rests on a metastable vacuum. This can only be fixed by means of new physics. Presently neutrino physics provides the most intriguing framework to formulate new physics. This is so because, in addition to the problem of the lightness of the active standard neutrinos, currently MiniBooNE experimental result may be indicating that sterile neutrinos exist and are light, too. In this case, it is reasonable to expect that the framework that yields light active and sterile neutrinos could stabilize the vacuum, too. In order to achieve this goal, we consider an extension of the standard model which involves new fermions in the form of right-handed neutrinos ($\nu_R$) and new scalars in the form of triplet ($\Delta$) and singlet ($\sigma$). Within this framework, tiny masses are obtained when we consider that lepton number is spontaneously broken at low energy scale which means that $\Delta$ and $\sigma$, both, develop very small vacuum expectation values. We investigate if this setting leads to a stable vacuum. For this we obtain the whole set of conditions over the Quartic Terms of the Potential that ensures that the model is Bounded From Below(BFB) and evaluate the RGE-evolution of the self coupling of the Higgs. We show that in such a scenario the Quartic Coupling $\Phi^T \Delta \Phi \sigma$, where $\Phi$ is the standard Higgs doublet, is responsible for the stability of the Electroweak Vacuum up to Planck scale. We also extract constraints over the parameters of the Potential by means of Lepton Flavor Violating(LFV) processes and from invisible decay of the standard-like Higgs., Comment: 20 pages, 2 figures

In this work we expand the Higgs sector of the Standard Model in order to accommodate Doublet, Triplet and Singlet (1-2-3 Model) and Right Handed Neutrinos to explain the eV mass of the sterile neutrinos. We extract the bounded from below of the quartic couplings and obtain the spectrum of scalars. We studied the RGE equation of this model and the conditions of stability, metastability and instability of the Potential as a function of the potential couplings and the new Yukawa couplings. As nice result, the spectrum of scalars contain a Majoron and a light CP-even. The first may play the role of Dark Matter. We also check that these scalars are in agreement with the invisible decay of standard Higgs and $Z^{0}$.

There are indications that burnout syndrome affects primary health care (PHC) professionals. The scope of this study was to investigate the association of empathy and occupational stress with the burnout of PHC professionals. A total of 348 workers filled out an an online assessment including occupational stress, empathy, and burnout scales. The empathetic-concern and perspective-taking empathy dimensions were negatively correlated with burnout (p.01), while personal anguish was positively related to it (p.01). The reward and effort occupational stress dimensions revealed greater weight in explaining the job disillusion and psychic exhaustion burnout subscales (p.001), respectively, while empathetic concern and personal anguish revealed the greatest weight for the explanation of indolence and guilt (p.001). Reward was the significant predictor of Profile 1 (p=.008), the less severe form of the syndrome, while personal anguish (p=.028) and effort (p=.012) revealed the same weight in the model for Profile 2, namely the most severe level of burnout. The results suggest interventions that focus on both work stressors and the empathy of the professionals involved.

Background: Atherosclerosis and thrombosis are the major manifestations underlying cardiovascular diseases (CVD), which are the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Both result from an interaction between genetic and environmental risk factors. The goal of our study was to evaluate several polymorphisms identified as predisposing factors to atherosclerosis and thrombosis. Material and Methods: A series of 155 healthy unrelated individuals of Azorean origin were analyzed using the CVD StripAssay (ViennaLab Diagnostics, Austria) for the most established polymorphisms involved in blood coagulation (F2, F5, F13A1, FGB), fibrinolitic system (SERPINE1), platelet adhesion (ITGB3), homocysteine metabolism (MTHFR), reninangio-tensin system (ACE) and lipid metabolism (APOE). Results: No significant differences were observed in allelic frequencies when comparing our data to mainland Portugal. Group stratification according to the number of “increased” risk alleles, demonstrated that 116/155 (75%) individuals belong to the moderate risk group (5 - 10 risk alleles). Conclusions: Although acknowledging the fact that the allelic states at the analysed loci lack predictive value, the fact that a high frequency of individuals presents at least 5 risk alleles (124/155; 80%) is important for the establishment of the appropriate preventive measures in the Azorean population.

One hundred and twenty-seven unrelated Azorean individuals were randomly selected to study the gene frequencies of Killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) in the Azorean (Terceira) population. KIR genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction using commercial sequence-specific oligonucleotide probe kits. All loci were in HWE, showing no locus-level deviations. The genotype data is available in the Allele Frequencies Net Database under the population name “Azores Terceira Island KIR”.

A novel subtype of influenza A pandemic virus, A(H1N1)v, was recently reported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (Atlanta, GA) and WHO in April 2009 ([1][1]). Infection most commonly results in a mild respiratory tract infection, but there are reports of severe cases with

Leptospirosis is an emerging zoonotic disease caused by pathogenic species of the genus Leptospira. It has a broad range of clinical presentations in humans. Although progress has been made in the characterization of the host immune system factors that may affect disease progression and outcome, to date few reports have addressed the role of genetic polymorphisms in the susceptibility to leptospirosis. In this work a group of patients with a history of leptospiral infection and a control group were compared for polymorphisms in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA), in killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR), and in cytokine genes. Alleles in the HLA-A and -B loci were associated with susceptibility, as were the class I haplotype A*01-B*08-Cw*07 and the 8.1 ancestral haplotype (A*01-B*08-Cw*07-DRB1*03-DQB1*02). Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-4Rα genes also had significantly higher frequencies in the patient group. No association was reported between KIR gene profile and leptospirosis. This work highlights the importance of using genetic polymorphisms to better understand the mechanisms involved in the immune response to leptospirosis.

BackgroundHLA haplotype analysis has been used in population genetics and in the investigation of disease-susceptibility locus, due to its high polymorphism. Several methods for inferring haplotype genotypic data have been proposed, but it is unclear how accurate each of the methods is or which method is superior. The accuracy of two of the leading methods of computational haplotype inference – Expectation-Maximization algorithm based (implemented in Arlequin V3.0) and Bayesian algorithm based (implemented in PHASE V2.1.1) – was compared using a set of 122 HLA haplotypes (A-B-Cw-DQB1-DRB1) determined through direct counting. The accuracy was measured with the Mean Squared Error (MSE), Similarity Index (IF) and Haplotype Identification Index (IH).ResultsNone of the methods inferred all of the known haplotypes and some differences were observed in the accuracy of the two methods in terms of both haplotype determination and haplotype frequencies estimation. Working with haplotypes composed by low polymorphic sites, present in more than one individual, increased the confidence in the assignment of haplotypes and in the estimation of the haplotype frequencies generated by both programs.ConclusionThe PHASE v2.1.1 implemented method had the best overall performance both in haplotype construction and frequency calculation, although the differences between the two methods were insubstantial. To our knowledge this was the first work aiming to test statistical methods using real haplotypic data from the HLA region.

Resumo Há evidências de que a Síndrome de Burnout afeta profissionais da atenção primária à saúde (APS). Objetivou-se investigar a associação da empatia e do estresse ocupacional com o Burnout de profissionais da APS. 348 trabalhadores responderam a versões online de escalas de estresse ocupacional, empatia e Burnout. As dimensões de empatia preocupação empática e tomada de perspectiva correlacionaram-se negativamente com a síndrome (p