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A colangite biliar primária, um novo nome para a cirrose biliar primária, é uma doença colestática de etiologia autoimune e representa a primeira causa de colestase intra-hepática. Caracteriza-se pela destruição de pequenos dutos biliares ligados à infiltração de linfócitos, com prevalência de 10 a 40 por 100.000 habitantes no mundo. Este estudo teve como objetivo refletir sobre novas informações a respeito da colangite biliar primária. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão integrativa de literatura, selecionando artigos publicados nas bases de dados Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online e Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde. A partir da análise qualitativa dos dados, obteve-se como conclusão as seguintes descobertas: A PBC é um problema de saúde raro e mal diagnosticado; não há conhecimento ainda sobre as razões da predominância dessa da CBP em mulheres, resposta à terapêutica, distribuição geográfica e mortalidade entre sexos; os casos dessa doença são assintomáticos; a qualidade de vida dos pacientes é comprometida com o agravamento dos casos, onde apresentam inicialmente sinais de prurido (20 a 70% dos casos) e fadiga (entre 50% a 78% dos pacientes); exames de biópsica hepática podem ser tranquilamente substituídos por testes não-invasivos, em análises de rotina de bioquímica hepática; a possiblidade de diagnosticar a PBC pode ser diagnosticada partindo de fatores biológicos exclusivos que indicam a presença de anticorpos anti-mitocondriais e uma elevação da fosfatase alcalina. No entanto é quase possível que o PBC seja soronegativo; a etiologia da CBP não sendo encontra clara, sendo o tratamento difícil; em caso de tratamento, utiliza-se mais ursodesoxicólico, ácido biliar hidrofílico natural que bloqueia a síntese hepática do colesterol, estimulando a síntese de ácidos biliares e restaurando o equilíbrio entre esses.

Metalloproteomics is an innovative methodology for identifying of protein-associated mercury. Thus, we analyzed the muscle proteome of Arapaima gigas (pirarucu), collected in the Madeira River of the Brazilian Amazon, to identify protein-associated mercury, with the aim of identifying possible mercury biomarkers in fish muscle tissue. After obtaining the protein pellet, we conducted two-dimensional electrophoresis (2D PAGE) to fractionate the muscle proteome. Total mercury in muscle tissue and protein pellets and mapping of mercury content in protein spots of the 2D PAGE gels was determined using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS). The protein-associated mercury identification was performed using liquid chromatography coupled with sequence mass spectrometry (LC‒MS/MS). Total mercury determinations by GFAAS indicated concentrations on the order of 153 ± 1.90 mg kg

In this work the calibration of an Alternative Current Potential Drop (ACPD) system was performed to monitore laboratory mechanical tests on marine environment under cathodic protection. The calibration was done on CT type specimens of API 5L X65 steel dimensioned according to ASTM E1820 standard., The crack propagation during a tensile test with displacement control in an ACPD equipment was monitored through the performs points collection by two channels: one that monitors the crack growth and another that monitors a region free of crack. Using a profile projector and graphical data processing and analysis software, the area of ​​the fracture surface of the specimen was meansured, which allowed to correlate a crack size with a corresponding value of potential drop and the calibration curve. In order to verify verify the efficacy and precision of the technique, step loading tests were performed on API 5L X65 steel test specimens, submerged in synthetic sea water under the overprotection potential of-1300mVAg/AgCl. The results of the calibration showed few dispersed errors, and the main factors of this dispersion may be related to the geometry of the specimen and with variations in current flow density, which is influenced by corners and edges and by the presence of pick-up inductive. The calibration and its effectiveness can be verified through the results of the tests in marine environment, presenting crack lengths close to the actual values, confirming the effectiveness of the ACPD technique.

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T02:08:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-01-01 This manuscript describes the results of a metalloproteomic study of mercury in samples of muscle and liver tissue of the species Serrasalmus rhombeus, popularly known as black piranha and characterised as the most voracious and aggressive predator in the Brazilian Amazon. The metalloproteomic study involved using two-dimensional electrophoresis (2D PAGE) to fractionate the proteome of the muscle and liver tissue samples, along with atomic absorption spectrometry in a graphite furnace (GFAAS) to identify mercury associated with protein SPOTs and mass spectrometry with electrospray ionisation (ESI-MS/MS) to characterise the mercury-binding proteins. The protein SPOTs characterised showed concentrations in the order of 156 mg kg−1, which ranks as the highest concentrations of mercury determined so far in metalloproteomic studies involving fish species in the Amazon region. Based on FASTA sequences of proteins characterised by ESI-MS/MS, bioinformatics studies were performed that allowed identifying nine proteins with characteristics of biomarkers of mercury exposure. Of those proteins, glutathione peroxidase stands out as an enzyme of great importance in the antioxidant defence of organisms subjected to oxidative stress caused by xenobiotics. School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Prof R. Dr. Valter Maurício Corrêa, s/n Venom and Venomous Animals Study Center (CEVAP) of São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua José Barbosa de Barros, 1780 - Vila Ema Institute of Biosciences São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Prof. Dr. Antonio Celso Wagner Zanin, 250 Faculty of Science and Engineering São Paulo State University (UNESP), R. Domingos da Costa Lopes, 780 - Jardim Itaipu School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Prof R. Dr. Valter Maurício Corrêa, s/n Venom and Venomous Animals Study Center (CEVAP) of São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua José Barbosa de Barros, 1780 - Vila Ema Institute of Biosciences São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Prof. Dr. Antonio Celso Wagner Zanin, 250 Faculty of Science and Engineering São Paulo State University (UNESP), R. Domingos da Costa Lopes, 780 - Jardim Itaipu

Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T16:53:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-05-08 Predator fish can accumulate high levels of mercury, which qualifies them as potential indicators of this toxic metal. The predatory species Brachyplatystoma filamentosum, popularly known as filhote, is among the most consumed species in the Brazilian Amazon. Continuing the metalloproteomic studies of mercury in Amazonian fishes that have been developed in the last 5 years, the present paper provides the data of protein characterization associated with mercury in muscle and liver samples of filhote (Brachyplatystoma filamentosum) collected in the Madeira River, Brazilian Amazon. The mercury concentration in the muscle and liver samples was determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS). The protein fraction was extracted in an aqueous medium, and later, a fractional precipitation procedure was performed to obtain the protein pellets. Then, the proteome of the tissue samples of this fish species was separated by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE), and a mercury mapping of the protein spots was carried out by GFAAS after acid digestion. Protein spots that had mercury were characterized by mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization in sequence (ESI-MS/MS) after tryptic digestion. It was possible to characterize 11 mercury-associated protein spots that presented biomarker characteristics and could be used to monitor mercury in fish species of the Amazon region. Thus, the metalloproteomic strategies used in the present study allowed us to characterize 11 mercury-associated protein spots. It should be noted that the protein spots identified as GFRP, TMEM186, TMEM57B, and BHMT, which have coordination sites for elements with characteristics of soft acids, such as mercury, can be used as biomarkers of mercury contamination in monitoring studies of this toxic metal in fish species from the Amazon region. School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science São Paulo State University (UNESP) Institute of Biosciences São Paulo State University (UNESP) Biochemistry Department University of Nebraska School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science São Paulo State University (UNESP) Institute of Biosciences São Paulo State University (UNESP)

Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T16:50:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-08-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) This paper presents a slurry sampling method for total mercury determination by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) in tissue of fish from the Amazon. The tissue samples were lyophilized and macerated, and then the slurry samples were prepared by putting 20 mg of tissue, added to a solution containing Triton X-100, Suprapur HNO3, and zirconium nitrate directly in sampling vials of a spectrometer. Mercury standard solutions were prepared under the same conditions as the slurry samples. The slurry samples and the mercury standard solutions were sonicated for 20 s. Twenty microliters of slurry samples were injected into the graphite tube, which contained an internal wall lined with tungsten carbide. Under these conditions, it was possible to thermally stabilize the mercury up to an atomization temperature of 1700 °C. The method was validated by mercury determination in reference materials DORM-4 and DOLT-4. The LOD and LOQ were 0.014 and 0.045 mg kg−1, respectively, and recovery percentages in relation to the concentration values were certified in the order of 98%. School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science São Paulo State University (UNESP) Institute of Biosciences São Paulo State University (UNESP) Biochemistry Department University of Nebraska School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science São Paulo State University (UNESP) Institute of Biosciences São Paulo State University (UNESP) FAPESP: 2010/51332-5 FAPESP: 2013/21297-1

Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T16:47:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2017-12-01 Bioaccumulative metals such as mercury are found in increasing amounts in fish and their consumers. In the region of the Madeira River, in the Brazilian Amazon, mercury (Hg) is a predominant contaminant in the aquatic ecosystem. There is therefore a need to find specific biomarkers of mercury toxicity in fish to monitor contaminations. Here, mercury-bound proteins were identified in the liver tissues of fishes Mylossoma duriventre and Brachyplatystoma rousseauxii. Mercury was quantified in liver tissue, pellets and protein spots by graphite furnace atomic absorption. Proteins were fractionated by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and identified by mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization. We identified nine proteins linked to mercury and that presented biomarker characteristics of mercury. Among the proteins identified, isoforms of parvalbumin, ubiquitin-40S ribosomal protein S27a, brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1-associated protein 2-like protein 2 and betaine–homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1 are notable for having the molecular function of binding to metallic ions. Institute of Biosciences São Paulo State University (UNESP) University of Nebraska-Lincoln School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science São Paulo State University (UNESP) University of São Paulo (USP) College of Planaltina University of Brasília (UnB) Institute of Biosciences São Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science São Paulo State University (UNESP)

Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-06T15:49:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-12-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) High concentrations of mercury found in soils, sediments, fish, and humans of the Amazon region have gained prominence in scientific studies during the last decade. However, studies related to the elucidation of mercury toxicity mechanisms in ichthyofauna at the molecular and metallomic levels that seek to elucidate physiological and functional aspects, as well as the search for biomarkers of mercury exposure, are still sparse. In the search for these answers, the present study analyzed the hepatic tissue proteome of the Arapaima gigas (pirarucu) fish species collected in the Jirau hydroelectric power plant reservoir in the state of Rondônia state, Brazil, in order to identify mercury-related metal-binding proteins and to elucidate their physiological and functional aspects. The proteomic profile of the hepatic tissue of Arapaima gigas was obtained by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) and the presence of mercury was mapped in the protein SPOTS by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry(GFAAS). Mercury was detected in 18 protein SPOTS with concentrations ranging from 0.13 ± 0.003 to 131.00 ± 3 mg kg−1. The characterization of the protein SPOTS associated with mercury was performed by electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry (ESI–MS/MS), and 10 proteins were identified. Bioinformatics analyses showed that most of the proteins found linked to mercury were involved in cellular component processes and biological processes. For the most part, protein sequences have cellular functions comprising catalytic, binding, sense of localization, and metabolic processes. São Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science São Paulo State University (UNESP) Institute of Biosciences University of São Paulo (USP) Institute of Chemistry (Inqui) Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil (UFMS) University of Nebraska (UNL) University of Brasília (UNB) College of Planaltina São Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science São Paulo State University (UNESP) Institute of Biosciences FAPESP: 2016/19404-2 FAPESP: 2017/09466-3 CNPq: 304768/2018-19 CNPq: 404485/2016-2

Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-06T15:21:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-10-01 Concentrations of six toxic metals (Ni, Cr, Hg, Cd, Pb and Sn) in 106 samples of Brazilian crude propolis and the transfer rate of these contaminants to ethanolic extract of propolis were evaluated by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The results show the presence of all the analyzed metals in the samples of crude propolis of São Paulo and Minas Gerais States. Regarding the transfer of these metals to ethanolic extract of propolis, a significant reduction was observed for all metals analyzed. The crude propolis can be considered as an indicator of toxic metals in the environment and the reduction observed in the ethanolic extract of propolis makes the product safe for consumption. College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences São Paulo State University (UNESP) College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences São Paulo State University (UNESP)

This study used metalloproteomic techniques to characterize mercury (Hg)-bound proteins in the muscle and liver tissue of Tucunare (Cichla spp.) collected at the Jirau Hydroelectric Power Plant in Madeira River Basin, Brazil. The proteome of the muscle and liver tissue was obtained after two steps of fractional precipitation and separating the proteins by 2-D polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Hg was identified and quantified in the protein spots by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry after acid mineralization in an ultrasound bath. Hg with a molecular weight

Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T16:58:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-12-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) The feeds supplied to farmed fish should be rich in protein and minerals, such as animal protein, but more expensive alternatives comprising vegetable protein have emerged in recent years. However, the minerals essential to the proper development of fish must be assessed. To determine whether the minerals supplied in the diet are being fully exploited, the equation of the apparent digestibility coefficient is typically used with an external marker such as chromium. Moreover, the concentrations of the metals of interest are usually obtained using an acid digestion in the digester block; however, this digestion is harmful to both the analyst and the environment. An alternative to this digestion is described in this work. Four types of feeds were made with different types of protein substitutes. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Institute of Bioscience São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rubião Junior District College of Veterinary and Animal Science São Paulo State University Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Institute of Bioscience São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rubião Junior District College of Veterinary and Animal Science São Paulo State University FAPESP: 2008/51377-9

Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-04-26T21:10:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JOÃO VITOR DE QUEIROZ MARQUES - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGEM 2015..pdf: 10546995 bytes, checksum: acf6dba421165a1333cc0862541902b2 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-26T21:10:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JOÃO VITOR DE QUEIROZ MARQUES - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGEM 2015..pdf: 10546995 bytes, checksum: acf6dba421165a1333cc0862541902b2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-28 Os compósitos poliméricos costumam ter uma elevada resistência mecânica em relação à sua densidade. Uma característica fundamental para que os materiais possam ser utilizados na engenharia é a previsibilidade de seu comportamento quanto ao carregamento. Devido à natureza heterogênea da estrutura dos compósitos e devido a interação entre suas fases constituintes as características deste material dependem das propriedades das fases constituintes, da fração volumétrica de cada fase constituinte, da iteração entre suas fases e do método de fabricação. Este trabalho trata do desenvolvimento de garras para ensaio mecânico, para materiais compósitos, que possibilitem obter o valor do cisalhamento interlaminar de compósitos poliméricos. O cisalhamento interlaminar permite avaliar, entre outras coisas, a influência do método de fabricação na resistência do compósito. Foram desenvolvidos dois tipos de garras: o tipo Iosipescu e o tipo V-notched Rail Shear. Para o desenvolvimento das garras de ensaio foi utilizada a metodologia seguinte: Projeto Informacional, Projeto conceitual, Projeto Preliminar, Projeto Detalhado, Fabricação e Testes. Além da montagem de um sistema de Instrumentação para avaliar a deformação localizada no centro dos corpos de prova. Os resultados obtidos com a garra Iosipescu apresentaram uma variação de 13,6% em relação a literatura, enquanto naquelas obtidas com a garra V-notched Rail Shear obtiveram uma variação de 3,9 % em relação a literatura.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-10-21T13:11:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-02-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-10-22T09:52:13Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S0103-50532015000200239.pdf: 519548 bytes, checksum: bd9cc7af88b59229a1869b3e0cfb4781 (MD5) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) This study evaluated the metalloproteomic profile of muscle tissue samples from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) methods was used for protein fractionation and identification based on image analysis. Determination of Ca, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn was performed in the protein spots by flame and/or graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS, GFAAS), the protein spots were characterized by electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS). FAAS and GFAAS determinations have indicated the presence of calcium in seven protein spots, iron in only one spot, manganese in six spots, and zinc in two spots. Of the seventeen protein spots where the presence of metal ions was detected, ten were characterized by ESI-MS/MS. UNESP, Coll Vet &Anim Sci, BR-18618970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil UNESP, Inst Biosci, Dept Chem &Biochem, BR-18618970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil UNESP, Dept Biol Sci, BR-18618970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil UNESP, Coll Vet &Anim Sci, BR-18618970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil UNESP, Inst Biosci, Dept Chem &Biochem, BR-18618970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil UNESP, Dept Biol Sci, BR-18618970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil FAPESP: 2011/14902-0 FAPESP: 2010/51332-5

The aim of this study is to present the metallomics results obtained for the protein fractionation in muscle samples of "jaraqui" (Semaprochilodus sp) from JIRAU Hydroelectric Power Plant - Madeira...