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464 results on '"Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL)"'

1. Key positive ion precursors to tholin formation

Author: David Dubois, Nathalie Carrasco, Lora Jovanovic, Westlake, J., Ludovic Vettier, Thomas Gautier, PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Dubois, David, IMPEC - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales ( LATMOS ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), and Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] ( APL )
Subjects: [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, [ SDU.STU.PL ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, [SDU.STU.PL] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology
Abstract: International audience; In Titan's upper atmosphere, Cassini detected mass signatures compatible with the presence of heavily charged molecules which are volatile precursors to the solid core of the aerosols. INMS measurements revealed molecular groupings of masses below 100 amu, while CAPS-IBS saw positive ions up to ~350 amu, well beyond the INMS detection limit. Photochemical processes are also influenced by dayside vs. nightside conditions, with photoionization dominating the dayside. From a dynamical and transport viewpoint, the ion densities were also found to be sensitive to modeled turbulent neutral transport. A previous laboratory study has also explored the influence of trace species on the first and intermediate steps of the neutral and positive ion chemistry, in hydrocarbon-enriched mixtures. Furthermore, models have indicated that primary production processes and ion-molecule reactions mainly control the production of the lighter and subsequent heavier positive ions. These reactions rely on the large abundancies of hydrocarbon building blocks (e.g. C2H2 and C2H4). These observations indicate that ion chemistry has an important role for organic growth in the upper atmosphere. However, the processes coupling ion chemistry and the formation of larger tholins have yet to be further explored. In this study, we investigate the positive ion chemistry in the laboratory, responsible for the efficient organic growth producing tholins, simulated in the PAMPRE plasma reactor. We use a RF-generated plasma at 1 mbar pressure, coupled with an ion mass spectrometer , probing the gas phase volatiles in situ. We study N2:CH4 mixtures with 1-10% CH4 mixing ratios, and investigate the impact of light ions on the larger ones. We further compare our results to Cassini Ion and Neutral Mass Spectrometer (INMS) measurements taken during the T40 flyby.
Published: 2018

2. Imaging Plasma Density Structures in the Soft X-Rays Generated by Solar Wind Charge Exchange with Neutrals

Author: David G. Sibeck, R. Allen, H. Aryan, D. Bodewits, P. Brandt, G. Branduardi-Raymont, G. Brown, J. A. Carter, Y. M. Collado-Vega, M. R. Collier, H. K. Connor, T. E. Cravens, Y. Ezoe, M.-C. Fok, M. Galeazzi, O. Gutynska, M. Holmström, S.-Y. Hsieh, K. Ishikawa, D. Koutroumpa, K. D. Kuntz, M. Leutenegger, Y. Miyoshi, F. S. Porter, M. E. Purucker, A. M. Read, J. Raeder, I. P. Robertson, A. A. Samsonov, S. Sembay, S. L. Snowden, N. E. Thomas, R. von Steiger, B. M. Walsh, S. Wing, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center ( GSFC ), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] ( APL ), Department of Astronomy [College Park], University of Maryland [College Park], Mullard Space Science Laboratory ( MSSL ), University College of London [London] ( UCL ), Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory ( LLNL ), University of Leicester, University of Alaska Fairbanks ( UAF ), University of Kansas [Lawrence] ( KU ), Tokyo Metropolitan University [Tokyo], Department of Physics [Coral Gables], University of Miami [Coral Gables], Swedish Institute of Space Physics [Kiruna] ( IRF ), Institute of Space and Astronautical Science ( ISAS ), HEPPI - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales ( LATMOS ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Johns Hopkins University ( JHU ), University of Maryland Baltimore County [Baltimore] ( UMBC ), Nagoya University, University of New Hampshire ( UNH ), St Petersburg State University ( SPbU ), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Leicester], International Space Science Institute ( ISSI ), Boston University [Boston] ( BU ), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), University of Maryland System-University of Maryland System, Mullard Space Science Laboratory (MSSL), University College of London [London] (UCL), Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), University of Alaska [Fairbanks] (UAF), University of Kansas [Lawrence] (KU), Tokyo Metropolitan University [Tokyo] (TMU), Swedish Institute of Space Physics [Kiruna] (IRF), Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency [Sagamihara] (JAXA), HELIOS - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Johns Hopkins University (JHU), University of Maryland [Baltimore County] (UMBC), University of Maryland System, University of New Hampshire (UNH), St Petersburg State University (SPbU), International Space Science Institute [Bern] (ISSI), and Boston University [Boston] (BU)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Solar wind, Planets, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Magnetosheath, Cusp, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Physics::Space Physics, X-rays, 0103 physical sciences, Comets, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, X-ray background, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Charge exchange, Instrumentation, [ SDU.ASTR.SR ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; Both heliophysics and planetary physics seek to understand the complex nature of the solar wind’s interaction with solar system obstacles like Earth’s magnetosphere, the ionospheres of Venus and Mars, and comets. Studies with this objective are frequently conducted with the help of single or multipoint in situ electromagnetic field and particle observations, guided by the predictions of both local and global numerical simulations, and placed in context by observations from far and extreme ultraviolet (FUV, EUV), hard X-ray, and energetic neutral atom imagers (ENA). Each proposed interaction mechanism (e.g., steady or transient magnetic reconnection, local or global magnetic reconnection, ion pick-up, or the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability) generates diagnostic plasma density structures. The significance of each mechanism to the overall interaction (as measured in terms of atmospheric/ionospheric loss at comets, Venus, and Mars or global magnetospheric/ionospheric convection at Earth) remains to be determined but can be evaluated on the basis of how often the density signatures that it generates are observed as a function of solar wind conditions. This paper reviews efforts to image the diagnostic plasma density structures in the soft (low energy, 0.1–2.0 keV) X-rays produced when high charge state solar wind ions exchange electrons with the exospheric neutrals surrounding solar system obstacles.The introduction notes that theory, local, and global simulations predict the characteristics of plasma boundaries such the bow shock and magnetopause (including location, density gradient, and motion) and regions such as the magnetosheath (including density and width) as a function of location, solar wind conditions, and the particular mechanism operating. In situ measurements confirm the existence of time- and spatial-dependent plasma density structures like the bow shock, magnetosheath, and magnetopause/ionopause at Venus, Mars, comets, and the Earth. However, in situ measurements rarely suffice to determine the global extent of these density structures or their global variation as a function of solar wind conditions, except in the form of empirical studies based on observations from many different times and solar wind conditions. Remote sensing observations provide global information about auroral ovals (FUV and hard X-ray), the terrestrial plasmasphere (EUV), and the terrestrial ring current (ENA). ENA instruments with low energy thresholds (∼1 keV) have recently been used to obtain important information concerning the magnetosheaths of Venus, Mars, and the Earth. Recent technological developments make these magnetosheaths valuable potential targets for high-cadence wide-field-of-view soft X-ray imagers.Section 2 describes proposed dayside interaction mechanisms, including reconnection, the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability, and other processes in greater detail with an emphasis on the plasma density structures that they generate. It focuses upon the questions that remain as yet unanswered, such as the significance of each proposed interaction mode, which can be determined from its occurrence pattern as a function of location and solar wind conditions. Section 3 outlines the physics underlying the charge exchange generation of soft X-rays. Section 4 lists the background sources (helium focusing cone, planetary, and cosmic) of soft X-rays from which the charge exchange emissions generated by solar wind exchange must be distinguished. With the help of simulations employing state-of-the-art magnetohydrodynamic models for the solar wind-magnetosphere interaction, models for Earth’s exosphere, and knowledge concerning these background emissions, Sect. 5 demonstrates that boundaries and regions such as the bow shock, magnetosheath, magnetopause, and cusps can readily be identified in images of charge exchange emissions. Section 6 reviews observations by (generally narrow) field of view (FOV) astrophysical telescopes that confirm the presence of these emissions at the intensities predicted by the simulations. Section 7 describes the design of a notional wide FOV “lobster-eye” telescope capable of imaging the global interactions and shows how it might be used to extract information concerning the global interaction of the solar wind with solar system obstacles. The conclusion outlines prospects for missions employing such wide FOV imagers.
Published: 2018

3. Early Release Science of the exoplanet WASP-39b with JWST NIRSpec PRISM

Author: Rustamkulov, Z., Sing, D. K., Mukherjee, S., May, E. M., Kirk, J., Schlawin, E., Line, M. R., Piaulet, C., Carter, A. L., Batalha, N. E., Goyal, J. M., López-Morales, M., Lothringer, J. D., MacDonald, R. J., Moran, S. E., Stevenson, K. B., Wakeford, H. R., Espinoza, N., Bean, J. L., Batalha, N. M., Benneke, B., Berta-Thompson, Z. K., Crossfield, I. J. M., Gao, P., Kreidberg, L., Powell, D. K., Cubillos, P. E., Gibson, N. P., Leconte, J., Molaverdikhani, K., Nikolov, N. K., Parmentier, V., Roy, P., Taylor, J., Turner, J. D., Wheatley, P. J., Aggarwal, K., Ahrer, E., Alam, M. K., Alderson, L., Allen, N. H., Banerjee, A., Barat, S., Barrado, D., Barstow, J. K., Bell, T. J., Blecic, J., Brande, J., Casewell, S., Changeat, Q., Chubb, K. L., Crouzet, N., Daylan, T., Decin, L., Désert, J., Mikal-Evans, T., Feinstein, A. D., Flagg, L., Fortney, J. J., Harrington, J., Heng, K., Hong, Y., Hu, R., Iro, N., Kataria, T., Kempton, E. M.-R., Krick, J., Lendl, M., Lillo-Box, J., Louca, A., Lustig-Yaeger, J., Mancini, L., Mansfield, M., Mayne, N. J., Miguel, Y., Morello, G., Ohno, K., Palle, E., Petit Dit De La Roche, D. J. M., Rackham, B. V., Radica, M., Ramos-Rosado, L., Redfield, S., Rogers, L. K., Shkolnik, E. L., Southworth, J., Teske, J., Tremblin, P., Tucker, G. S., Venot, O., Waalkes, W. C., Welbanks, L., Zhang, X., Zieba, S., University of St Andrews. School of Physics and Astronomy, Rustamkulov, Z. [0000-0003-4408-0463], Sing, D. K. [0000-0001-6050-7645], Line, M. R. [0000-0001-6247-8323], Piaulet, C. [0000-0002-2875-917X], Goyal, J. M. [0000-0002-8515-7204], López-Morales, M. [0000-0003-3204-8183], Lothringer, J. D. [0000-0003-3667-8633], Stevenson, K. B. [0000-0002-7352-7941], Wakeford, H. R. [0000-0003-4328-3867], Benneke, B. [0000-0001-5578-1498], Powell, D. K. [0000-0002-4250-0957], Gibson, N. P. [0000-0002-9308-2353], Molaverdikhani, K. [0000-0002-0502-0428], Nikolov, N. K. [0000-0002-6500-3574], Taylor, J. [0000-0003-4844-9838], Wheatley, P. J. [0000-0003-1452-2240], Aggarwal, K. [0000-0002-7004-8670], Ahrer, E. [0000-0003-0973-8426], Alderson, L. [0000-0001-8703-7751], Allen, N. H. [0000-0002-0832-710X], Banerjee, A. [0000-0002-9124-6537], Barrado, D. [0000-0002-5971-9242], Barstow, J. K. [0000-0003-3726-5419], Crouzet, N. [0000-0001-7866-8738], Daylan, T. [0000-0002-6939-9211], Decin, L. [0000-0002-5342-8612], Mikal-Evans, T. [0000-0001-5442-1300], Feinstein, A. D. [0000-0002-9464-8101], Harrington, J. [0000-0002-8955-8531], Hu, R. [0000-0003-2215-8485], Kempton, E. M.-R. [0000-0002-1337-9051], Lillo-Box, J. [0000-0003-3742-1987], Mancini, L. [0000-0002-9428-8732], Mansfield, M. [0000-0003-4241-7413], Mayne, N. J. [0000-0001-6707-4563], Morello, G. [0000-0002-4262-5661], Palle, E. [0000-0003-0987-1593], Petit dit de la Roche, D. J. M. [0000-0002-8963-3810], Redfield, S. [0000-0003-3786-3486], Southworth, J. [0000-0002-3807-3198], Tremblin, P. [0000-0001-6172-3403], Zhang, X. [0000-0002-8706-6963], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Johns Hopkins University (JHU), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), University of California (UC), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Imperial College London, Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, ASU School of Earth and Space Exploration (SESE), Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Department of Physics [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA), Harvard University-Smithsonian Institution, Utah Valley University (UVU), Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan, Carl Sagan Institute, Cornell University [New York], Lunar and Planetary Laboratory [Tucson] (LPL), H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory [Bristol], University of Bristol [Bristol], Space Telescope Science Institute (STSci), Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics [Chicago], University of Chicago, Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences [Boulder], University of Colorado [Boulder], Department of Physics and Astronomy [Lawrence Kansas], University of Kansas [Lawrence] (KU), Earth and Planets Laboratory [Washington], Carnegie Institution for Science, Max Planck Institute for Astronomy (MPIA), INAF/Osservatorio Astronomico di Torino, Turin, Italy, Trinity College Dublin, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] (LAB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University Observatory Munich, Ludwig-Maximillians University Munich, Ludwig Maximilian University [Munich] (LMU), Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur (OCA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Oxford, University of Warwick [Coventry], Indian Institute of Technology Indore (IITI), Observatories [Carnegie Institution], The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU), Astronomical Institute Anton Pannekoek (AI PANNEKOEK), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Bay Area Environmental Research Institute (BAER), New York University [Abu Dhabi], NYU System (NYU), University of Leicester, European Space Agency (Baltimore) Space Telescope Science Institute (ESA), University of St Andrews [Scotland], Leiden Observatory [Leiden], Universiteit Leiden, Department of Physics, Princeton University (DPPU), Princeton University, Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy, Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics [UCSC Santa Cruz], University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Florida Space Institute [Orlando] (FSI), University of Central Florida [Orlando] (UCF), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Institut de recherches Arctiques Jean Malaurie (IRAM), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Saclay, Maison de la Simulation (MDLS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), National Aeronautics and Space Administration, NASA, Entomological Society of America, ESA, Space Telescope Science Institute, STScI, Heising-Simons Foundation, HSF, Canadian Space Agency, CSA, (JWST-ERS-01366, NAS 5-03127), Rustamkulov, Z [0000-0003-4408-0463], Sing, DK [0000-0001-6050-7645], Line, MR [0000-0001-6247-8323], Piaulet, C [0000-0002-2875-917X], Goyal, JM [0000-0002-8515-7204], López-Morales, M [0000-0003-3204-8183], Lothringer, JD [0000-0003-3667-8633], Stevenson, KB [0000-0002-7352-7941], Wakeford, HR [0000-0003-4328-3867], Benneke, B [0000-0001-5578-1498], Powell, DK [0000-0002-4250-0957], Gibson, NP [0000-0002-9308-2353], Molaverdikhani, K [0000-0002-0502-0428], Nikolov, NK [0000-0002-6500-3574], Taylor, J [0000-0003-4844-9838], Wheatley, PJ [0000-0003-1452-2240], Aggarwal, K [0000-0002-7004-8670], Ahrer, E [0000-0003-0973-8426], Alderson, L [0000-0001-8703-7751], Allen, NH [0000-0002-0832-710X], Banerjee, A [0000-0002-9124-6537], Barrado, D [0000-0002-5971-9242], Barstow, JK [0000-0003-3726-5419], Crouzet, N [0000-0001-7866-8738], Daylan, T [0000-0002-6939-9211], Decin, L [0000-0002-5342-8612], Mikal-Evans, T [0000-0001-5442-1300], Feinstein, AD [0000-0002-9464-8101], Harrington, J [0000-0002-8955-8531], Hu, R [0000-0003-2215-8485], Kempton, EM-R [0000-0002-1337-9051], Lillo-Box, J [0000-0003-3742-1987], Mancini, L [0000-0002-9428-8732], Mansfield, M [0000-0003-4241-7413], Mayne, NJ [0000-0001-6707-4563], Morello, G [0000-0002-4262-5661], Palle, E [0000-0003-0987-1593], Petit Dit de la Roche, DJM [0000-0002-8963-3810], Redfield, S [0000-0003-3786-3486], Southworth, J [0000-0002-3807-3198], Tremblin, P [0000-0001-6172-3403], and Zhang, X [0000-0002-8706-6963]
Subjects: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), 141, MCC, Multidisciplinary, Settore FIS/05, 134, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 639/33/445/862, article, FOS: Physical sciences, 639/33/445/824, DAS, 639/33/34/862, 5109 Space Sciences, 140, QC Physics, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, QB Astronomy, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 51 Physical Sciences, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), QC, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, QB
Abstract: Transmission spectroscopy of exoplanets has revealed signatures of water vapor, aerosols, and alkali metals in a few dozen exoplanet atmospheres. However, these previous inferences with the Hubble and Spitzer Space Telescopes were hindered by the observations' relatively narrow wavelength range and spectral resolving power, which precluded the unambiguous identification of other chemical species$-$in particular the primary carbon-bearing molecules. Here we report a broad-wavelength 0.5-5.5 $\mu$m atmospheric transmission spectrum of WASP-39 b, a 1200 K, roughly Saturn-mass, Jupiter-radius exoplanet, measured with JWST NIRSpec's PRISM mode as part of the JWST Transiting Exoplanet Community Early Release Science Team program. We robustly detect multiple chemical species at high significance, including Na (19$\sigma$), H$_2$O (33$\sigma$), CO$_2$ (28$\sigma$), and CO (7$\sigma$). The non-detection of CH$_4$, combined with a strong CO$_2$ feature, favours atmospheric models with a super-solar atmospheric metallicity. An unanticipated absorption feature at 4$\mu$m is best explained by SO$_2$ (2.7$\sigma$), which could be a tracer of atmospheric photochemistry. These observations demonstrate JWST's sensitivity to a rich diversity of exoplanet compositions and chemical processes., Comment: 41 pages, 4 main figures, 10 extended data figures, 4 tables. Under review in Nature
Published: 2023

4. Physical Sedimentology and Stratigraphy of the lower Western Fan (Shenandoah formation) Jezero Crater, Mars:: Results from the Mars 2020 'Delta Front' Campaign

Author: Ives, Libby, Stack‐Morgan, Katie, Gupta, Sanjeev, Caravaca, Gwénaël, Russell, Patrick, Shuster, David L., Williams, Amy, Holm-Alwmark, Sanna, Barnes, Robert, Bell, Jim F., Beyssac, Olivier, Brown, Adrian, Flannery, David, Frydenvang, Jens, Grotzinger, John, Lamb, Michael P., Horgan, Briony, Hurowitz, Joel A., Kalucha, Hemani, Kanine, Oak, Núñez, Jorge, Randazzo, Nicolas, Seeger, Christina, Simon, Justin I., Tice, Michael M., Tebolt, Michelle, Kah, Linda C., Williams, Rebecca M.E., Amundsen, Hans, Annex, Andrew M., Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Department of Earth Science and Engineering [Imperial College London], Imperial College London, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences [Los Angeles] (EPSS), University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Berkeley Geochronology Center (BGC), Department of Geological Sciences [Gainesville] (UF|Geological), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), NASA Headquarters, Queensland University of Technology [Brisbane] (QUT), Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences [Pasadena], California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Purdue University [West Lafayette], Department of Geosciences [Stony Brook], Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY)-State University of New York (SUNY), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), University of Alberta, NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC), NASA, Texas A&M University [College Station], University of Texas at Austin [Austin], Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences [Knoxville], The University of Tennessee [Knoxville], Planetary Science Institute [Tucson] (PSI), and Vestfonna Geophysical
Subjects: jezero crater, delta, [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, Shenandoah formatin, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, Mars 2020, perseverance, Mars, sedimentology, stratigraphy, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences
Abstract: International audience; The Perseverance rover is exploring a sedimentary deposit within the Late Noachian-aged (4.0-4.8 Ga) Jezero Crater interpreted to be the remnants of a delta. From April 2022 through February 2023, Perseverance investigated the basal 25 m of sediments exposed in the fan’s eastern scarp. Rover instruments collected a suite of imaging, geochemical, mineralogical, and ground-penetrating radar data.Perseverance made detailed observations through two sections of the lower fan ~600 m apart. Similar facies and stratigraphic trends are present in both sections. Each section contains two coarsening-up successions. While some finer-grained units are laterally continuous between the two sections, the coarser-grained bodies that cap each section are laterally discontinuous and do not extend between sections.Both sequences are 10 - 15 m thick. Their lower strata are dominated by sulfate-cemented, planar laminated, very fine- to medium-grained sandstone and siltstone with rare low-angle truncations. Soft-sediment deformation occurs in the form of decimeter-scale lateral folds. Laminae are normally graded. These sequences are capped by meter-scale thick sheets of coarse-grained sandstone, pebbly sandstones, and conglomerates that are variably low-angle cross-bedded, trough cross-bedded, and planar-stratified. Plane beds are massive or normally graded.Two hypotheses for the depositional environment have emerged for this succession: a sub-aerial setting with extensive “overbank” facies and shallow braided channels and a proximal pro-deltaic setting with deposition driven by hyperpycnal flows. These hypotheses will be tested against observations made by Perseverance as it traverses the “Fan Top” and by more comprehensive studies of the “Delta Front” data.
Published: 2023

5. The sounds of a helicopter on Mars

Author: Ralph D. Lorenz, Sylvestre Maurice, Baptiste Chide, David Mimoun, Alexander Stott, Naomi Murdoch, Martin Giller, Xavier Jacob, Roger C. Wiens, Franck Montmessin, Håvard Grip, Theodore Tzanetos, Bob Balaram, Nathan Williams, Matt Keennon, Sara Langberg, Jeremy Tyler, Tanguy Bertrand, Adrian Brown, Nicolas Randazzo, Benjamin Pipenberg, Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Institut de mécanique des fluides de Toulouse (IMFT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences [West Lafayette] (EAPS), Purdue University [West Lafayette], PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Aerovironment, Inc., Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Plancius Research LLC, Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences [Atlanta], Georgia Institute of Technology [Atlanta], and Knightwerx
Subjects: Space and Planetary Science, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Astronomy and Astrophysics
Abstract: International audience; The sounds of the Ingenuity Helicopter flying in the Martian atmosphere are among the most notable recordings of the microphone on the SuperCam instrument on the Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover. Distinct acoustic signatures of the helicopter were recorded on the 4th, 5th, 6th , and 8th flights: prior to this, simultaneous microphone and helicopter operations had not been verified in the testbed, and generally since these early flights the helicopter has been too far away for its emissions to be detectable given CO 2 absorption in the Mars atmosphere. The detected signatures are around 84 Hz and (occasionally) at 168 Hz, at the blade crossing frequency and its first harmonic. Several higher harmonics were prominent in hover tests in short-range recordings in a test chamber on Earth; these are attenuated by CO 2 absorption at the 50m-plus ranges on Mars. Doppler shift of the 84 Hz signal can be measured and is consistent with the trajectory measured with Ingenuity's navigation camera and inertial navigation unit, and documented by Perseverance's cameras. A striking feature of the sound recordings is an unanticipated deep modulation of the signals with nulls spaced by around 15-20s, superposed on the simple and expected decline in amplitude with distance. We have evaluated and rejected models of multipath sound interference as requiring implausibly strong near-surface temperature gradients. We find instead that the modulation appears to be the signature of a slight asynchrony between the rotation rates of the two coaxial rotors, such that the blade-crossing azimuth rotates slowly during flight, resulting in a 'lighthouse' sweeping of the radiated sound pattern. Analysis of blade orientations seen in the shadow of the helicopter observed in down-looking navigation images supports this model.
Published: 2023

6. The sound of geological targets on Mars from the absolute intensity of laser-induced sparks shock waves

Author: Alvarez-Llamas, C., Laserna, J., Moros, J., Purohit, P., García-Gómez, L., Angel, S.M., Bernardi, P., Bousquet, B., Cadu, A., Dauson, E., Forni, O., Fouchet, T., Gasnault, O., Jacob, X., Lacombe, G., Lanza, N.L., Larmat, C., Lasue, J., Lorenz, R.D., Meslin, P.-Y., Mimoun, D., Montmessin, F., Murdoch, N., Ollila, A.M., Pilleri, P., Randazzo, N., Reyes-Newell, A.L., Schröder, Susanne, Stott, A., Ten Cate, J., Udry, A., Vogt, D., Clegg, S., Cousin, A., Maurice, S., Wiens, R.C., Departamento de Química Analítica [Rosario], Facultad de Ciencias Bioquımicas y Farmaceuticas [Rosario] (FBIOyF), Universidad Nacional de Rosario [Santa Fe]-Universidad Nacional de Rosario [Santa Fe], Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry [Columbia, South Carolina], University of South Carolina [Columbia], Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de mécanique des fluides de Toulouse (IMFT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Alberta, DLR Institute of Optical Sensor Systems, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] (DLR), University of Nevada [Las Vegas] (WGU Nevada), Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences [West Lafayette] (EAPS), and Purdue University [West Lafayette]
Subjects: LIBS, Mars, Acoustics, Perseverance, Jezero, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Analytical Chemistry, Geological material, in-situ, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], rover, Instrumentation, Spectroscopy, in-situ science
Abstract: International audience; Inspection of geological material is one of the main goals of the Perseverance rover during its journey across the landscape of the Jezero crater in Mars. NASA's rover integrates SuperCam, an instrument capable of performing standoff characterization of samples using a variety of techniques. Among those tools, SuperCam can perform laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) studies to elucidate the chemical composition of the targets of interest. Data from optical spectroscopy can be supplemented by simultaneously-produced laser-produced plasma acoustics in order to expand the information acquired from the probed rocks thanks to the SuperCam's microphone (MIC) as it can be synchronized with the LIBS laser. Herein, we report cover results from LIBS and MIC during Perseverance's first 380 sols on the Martian surface. We study the correlation between both recorded signals, considering the main intrasample and environmental sources of variation for each technique, to understand their behavior and how they can be interpreted together towards complimenting LIBS with acoustics. We find that louder and more stable acoustic signals are recorded from rock with compact surfaces, i.e., low presence loose particulate material, and harder mineral phases in their composition. Reported results constitute the first description of the evolution of the intensity in the time domain of shockwaves from laser-produced plasmas on geological targets recorded in Mars. These signals are expected contain physicochemical signatures pertaining to the inspected sampling positions. As the dependence of the acoustic signal recorded on the sample composition, provided by LIBS, is unveiled, the sound from sparks become a powerful tool for the identification of mineral phases with similar optical emission spectra.
Published: 2023

7. Fine-scale sedimentary architecture of the upper part of the Jezero western delta front

Author: Gupta, Sanjeev, Bell III, J.F., Caravaca, Gwénaël, Mangold, Nicolas, Stack‐Morgan, Katie, Kanine, Oak, Tate, Christian, Tice, Michael M., Williams, Amy, Russell, Patrick, Núñez, Jorge, Dromart, Gilles, Williams, R, Le Mouélic, Stéphane, Barnes, Robert, Annex, Andrew, Paar, Gerhard, Holm-Alwmark, Sanna, Rice, Melissa S., Rice, James, Horgan, Briony, Grotzinger, John, Maki, Justin, Hickman Lewis, Keyron, Kah, Lindah, Shuster, David L., Simon, Justin I., Minitti, Michelle, Siebach, Kirsten, Gasnault, Olivier, Wiens, Roger, Maurice, Sylvestre, Farley, Kenneth A., Department of Earth Science and Engineering [Imperial College London], Imperial College London, Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géosciences [UMR_C 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Nantes université - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (Nantes univ - UFR ST), Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences [Pasadena], California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Cornell University [New York], Texas A&M University [College Station], Department of Geological Sciences [Gainesville] (UF|Geological), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Department of Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences [Los Angeles] (EPSS), University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Planetary Science Institute [Tucson] (PSI), Joanneum Research, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Geology Department, Western Washington University, Western Washington University (WWU), School of Earth and Space Exploration [Tempe] (SESE), Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Purdue University, The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), The University of Tennessee [Knoxville], Berkeley Geochronology Center (BGC), NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC), NASA, Planetary Geosciences Institute [Knoxville], Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences [Knoxville], The University of Tennessee [Knoxville]-The University of Tennessee [Knoxville], Rice University [Houston], and Lunar and Planetary Institute
Subjects: Jezero crater, delta, [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Mars 2020, [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Mars, sedimentology
Abstract: International audience; Orbital and rover observations of relict geomorphic features and stratigraphic architectures indicate Mars once had a warmer, wetter climate. Constraining the character, relative timing and persistence of ancient aqueous activity on Mars is possible through detailed interrogation of the stratal geometry of aqueously deposited sedimentary bodies. Such analyses inform interpretations of Martian climate evolution, potential habitability, and search strategies for rocks that might contain potential biosignatures. NASA’s Mars 2020 Perseverance rover mission is seeking signs of ancient life in Jezero crater and is collecting a cache of Martian rock and soil samples for planned return to Earth by a future mission.A prominent sedimentary fan deposit at the western margin of Jezero crater has been interpreted to be a riverdelta that built into an ancient lake basin during the Late Noachian-Early Hesperian epochs on Mars (~3.6-3.8Ga) [1, 2]. The Perseverance rover landed on 18 February 2021 ~2.2 km from the western fan. In March-April 2022, the rover conducted a rapid traverse along the eastern and southeastern side of Jezero fan onlyobtaining a few remote sensing observations along the way. In April 2022, the rover arrived at the base of theancient delta in the Three Forks region of the crater floor adjacent to the delta front (Fig. 1). During the ‘rapidtraverse’ and the exploration of two sections at the delta front - Cape Nukshak and Hawksbill Gap –Perseverance obtained striking images from the Mastcam-Z and SuperCam’s Remote Micro-Imagerinstruments of the stratigraphy exposed stratigraphically higher up in the fan’s erosional front [3]. Images providenew views of the stratigraphy exposed in the erosional front of the western Jezero delta; in particular, showingsections of the delta previously not visible from long distance observations and at much higher resolution.Here, we report its stratigraphy and sedimentology, which provide new constraints on the nature of the fandeposits, and therefore paleoenvironmental implications.
Published: 2023

8. THE PETROGENETIC HISTORY OF THE JEZERO CRATER DELTA FRONT FROM MICROSCALE OBSERVATIONS BY THE MARS 2020 PIXL INSTRUMENT

Author: Hurowitz, Joel, Tice, Michael M., Allwood, Abbigail, Cable, Morgan L., Bosak, T., Broz, Adrian, Caravaca, Gwénaël, Clark, Benton, Dehouck, Erwin, Fairén, Alberto, Gomez, F., Grotzinger, John, Gupta, Sanjeev, Johnson, Jeffrey, Kah, Linda, Kalucha, Hemani, Labrie, J., Li, A., Mandon, Lucia, Núñez, Jorge, Pedersen, D., Poulet, François, Randazzo, Nicolas, Scheller, Eva, Schmidt, Mariek E., Shuster, David L., Siebach, Kirsten, Siljeström, Sandra, Simon, Justin I., Tosca, Nicholas, Treiman, Allan, Vanbommel, Scott, Wade, Lawrence, Williford, Kenneth H., Yanchilina, Anastasia, Department of Geosciences [Stony Brook], Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY)-State University of New York (SUNY), Texas A&M University [College Station], Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences [MIT, Cambridge] (EAPS), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Purdue University, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Space Science Institute [Boulder] (SSI), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences [Pasadena], California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Department of Earth Science and Engineering [Imperial College London], Imperial College London, Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), The University of Tennessee [Knoxville], Department of Earth Sciences, Brock University, Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Washington, Danish Technical University, Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), University of Alberta, Berkeley Geochronology Center (BGC), Rice University [Houston], RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC), NASA, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Lunar and Planetary Institute [Houston] (LPI), Washington University in Saint Louis (WUSTL), Blue Marble Space Institute of Science (BMSIS), Impossible Sensing Inc., and Lunar and Planetary Institute
Subjects: Jezero crater, [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, Mars 2020, Mars, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Mineralogy, geochemistry, delta front
Abstract: International audience; On ~sol 370 of the Perseverance rover mission, the Mars 2020 Science Team completed its investigation of igneous units of the Jezero crater floor [1] and directed Perseverance to drive towards the topographic scarp that marks the interface between the crater floor and Jezero’s western delta. The “Delta Front Campaign” consisted of close-up investigation and sampling of lithologies located there.Here, we report on the major findings relevant to the provenance and diagenetic history of these lithologies deduced from measurements made by the Planetary Instrument for X-ray Lithochemistry (PIXL), a micro-focus X-ray fluorescence (XRF) microscope [2]. Data were collected from two sections at Cape Nukshak and Hawksbill Gap; outcrop and member names are from [3]. Lithologies are described here in order from base to top of each section.
Published: 2023

9. Jezero Delta mineralogical diversity revealed by SuperCam infrared spectral modeling

Author: Royer, Clément, Poulet, François, Wiens, Roger, Mandon, Lucia, Fouchet, Thierry, Clavé, Elise, Montmessin, Franck, Forni, Olivier, Johnson, Jeffrey, Gasnault, Olivier, Quantin-Nataf, Cathy, Dehouck, Erwin, Beck, Pierre, Le Mouélic, Stéphane, Caravaca, Gwénaël, Pinet, P.C., Beyssac, Olivier, Pilorget, Cédric, M. Ollila, Ann, Brown, Adrian, Maurice, Sylvestre, Team, The Supercam, Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Purdue University, Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences [Pasadena], California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France, Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géosciences [UMR_C 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Nantes université - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (Nantes univ - UFR ST), Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), NASA Headquarters, Plancius Research LLC, and Lunar and Planetary Institute
Subjects: Jezero crater, [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], IRS, Mars 2020, [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], sedimentology, mineralogy
Abstract: International audience; Since the end of April 2022, the Perseverance rover has embarked on the Delta Campaignwith the objective to explore the sedimentary delta of Jezero Crater and characterize its stratigraphyand mineral composition. Among the instruments aboard the Rover, SuperCam [1, 2] plays a keyrole in this study thanks to its remote measurement capabilities (spectroscopy and imaging), in particularthe near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy performed by the IRS instrument [3]. This instrument analyzeslight reflected from rocks and soils in the 1.3 – 2.6 μm spectral range and in a field of view of 1.15 mrad,corresponding to an area of about 3.5 mm at 3 m distance. The IRS is thus sensitive to the spectral signaturesof primary and aqueous alteration minerals, enabling the analysis of the compositional diversity of rocks and thus to the study of their formation conditions. Here we summarize a modeling approach of the IRS data to examine diagnostic absorption features.
Published: 2023

10. A JOURNEY ACROSS THE TRANSITION BETWEEN THE IGNEOUS SÉÍTAH FLOOR UNIT AND THE DELTA WITH THE MARS2020 SUPERCAM INSTRUMENT AT JEZERO CRATER, MARS

Author: Beyssac, Olivier, Clavé, Elise, Dehouck, Erwin, Forni, Olivier, Udry, Arya, Beck, Pierre, Cousin, Agnès, Mangold, Nicolas, Quantin-Nataf, Cathy, Royer, Clément, Mandon, Lucia, Johnson, Jeffrey, Simon, Justin I., Meslin, Pierre-Yves, Fouchet, Thierry, Le Mouélic, Stéphane, Pilorget, Cédric, Caravaca, Gwénaël, Poulet, François, Lasue, Jérémie, Pilleri, Paolo, M. Ollila, Ann, Clegg, Samuel, Núñez, Jorge, Maurice, Sylvestre, Wiens, Roger, Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Nevada [Las Vegas] (WGU Nevada), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France, Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géosciences [UMR_C 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Nantes université - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (Nantes univ - UFR ST), Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Purdue University, Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences [Pasadena], California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC), NASA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), and Lunar and Planetary Institute
Subjects: Jezero crater, [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, SuperCam, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, Mars 2020, seitah, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, mars, mineralogy
Abstract: International audience; During the first scientific campaign, Perseverance explored the Jezero crater floor and found two main igneous formations: the basaltic Máaz unit, and Séítah, consisting of an olivine-rich cumulate. Then the rover did a rapid traverse towards the second campaign region, Jezero’s delta. Just before reaching the lowest part of the delta, Perseverance encountered the Séítah formation again, with some variability in the degree of alteration. Here, we use the data obtained by the SuperCam instrument to document the structure and texture of rocks at the transition between Séítah and the delta front, its geochemistry and its primary and secondary mineralogy. Then, we discuss the simi-larities/differences between these rocks and discuss a geological scenario to account for these observations.
Published: 2023

11. CONSTRUCTING GEOLOGICAL CROSS-SECTIONS TO CONSTRAIN THE THREE-DIMENSIONAL STRATIGRAPHIC ARCHITECTURE OF THE JEZERO DELTA FRONT

Author: Barnes, Robert, Gupta, Sanjeev, Paar, Gerhard, Stack‐Morgan, Katie, Horgan, Briony, Crumpler, Larry, Tebolt, Michelle, Caravaca, Gwénaël, Holm-Alwmark, Sanna, Ortner, Thomas, Traxler, Christoph, Bechtold, A., Kalucha, Hemani, Broz, Adrian, Tate, Christian, Annex, Andrew M., Bell, Jim F., Maki, Justin, Kanine, Oak, Núñez, Jorge, Sholes, Steven, Kah, Linda C., Schmitz, Nicole, Williams, Rebecca M.E., Department of Earth Science and Engineering [Imperial College London], Imperial College London, JOANNEUM RESEARCH - Institute for Robotics and Mechatronics, Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Purdue University [West Lafayette], School of Aeronautics and Astronautics [Purdue], New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science (NMMNHS), University of Texas at Austin [Austin], Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), VRVis Research Center for Virtual Reality and Visualization, University of Vienna [Vienna], Austrian Academy of Sciences (OeAW), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Cornell University [New York], Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences [Pasadena], Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences [Knoxville], The University of Tennessee [Knoxville], DLR Institute of Planetary Research, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Planetary Science Institute [Tucson] (PSI), and Lunar and Planetary Institute
Subjects: delta, [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, Mars2020? jezero crater, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], shenandoah formation, [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, Mars, pro3D, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, photogrammetry, 3D
Abstract: International audience; The NASA Mars2020 rover Perseverance has been traversing series that represent the transition from crater floor lithologies to deposits of the Jezero western delta since Sol 422 of rover operations [1]. During that time, the mission has explored the exposed stratigraphic succession at the delta front, named the Shenandoah formation [2]. Here we analyse Mastcam-Z mosaics and 3D data products derived from Planetary Robotics processing and viewing tools (PRoViP and PRo3D [3]) to map the 3D geometry of key stratigraphic boundaries and document the 3D stratigraphic architecture at the sub-km- to m-scale within the Shenandoah formation.
Published: 2023

12. Coarse-grained olivine-rich regolith at jezero crater, mars: nature, source and transport

Author: Beyssac, O., Chide, B., Cousin, A., Ayoub, F., Bertrand, T., Forni, O., Mandon, L., Beck, P., Johnson, J. R., Lasue, J., Clavé, E., Sullivan, R., Nataf, C. Quantin, Udry, A., Dehouck, E., Poulet, F., Pilorget, C., Fouchet, T., Meslin, P.Y., Gasnault, O., Maurice, S., Wiens, R.C., Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France, Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Computer Science [Purdue], Purdue University [West Lafayette], and Lunar and Planetary Institute
Subjects: [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP]
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2023

13. WHAT DEPOSITIONAL PROCESSES AND PALEOENVIRONMENTS FORMED THE LAYERED SULFATE UNIT IN GALE CRATER, MARS ? :: INSIGHTS FROM MARKER BAND VALLEY

Author: Roberts, Amelie, Gupta, Sanjeev, Dietrich, William, Edgar, Lauren A., Rapin, William, Banham, Steven, Bryk, Alexander, Davis, Joel, Kite, Edwin, Cowart, Aster, Kubacki, Tex, Moore, Natalie, Gasda, Patrick, Johnson, Jeffrey R., Caravaca, Gwénaël, Department of Earth Science and Engineering [Imperial College London], Imperial College London, Department of Earth and Planetary Science [UC Berkeley] (EPS), University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Astrogeology Science Center [Flagstaff], United States Geological Survey [Reston] (USGS), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Birkbeck College [University of London], University of Chicago, Planetary Science Institute [Tucson] (PSI), Malin Space Science Systems (MSSS), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), and Lunar and Planetary Institute
Subjects: [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, Mars, sedimentology, stratigraphy, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, MSL, Gale crater, Marker band
Abstract: International audience; The stratigraphy of Aeolis Mons, Gale crater, is considered to provide a record of the possible ‘drying out’ of Mars with a temporal evolu-tion from clay-bearing mudstones, to sulfate-bearing rocks, to anhydrous minerals [1]. The Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity rover is investigating the deposi-tional environments of the layered sulfate-bearing unit considered to be from a ‘drier’ period than the underly-ing clay-bearing strata [1, 2, 3]. On sol 3560, Curiosity commenced exploration of the informally named Marker Band Valley (Figure 1) where the sulfate-bearing strata are exposed in local buttes. One of the overarching questions is what depositional environ-ments do the sulfate-bearing-units record. Here, we characterize the stratigraphic relations visible in these scarps and reconstruct processes of deposition of the sedimentary strata and their paleoenvironments.
Published: 2023

14. From lake deposits to fluvial floods at the eastern delta front of Jezero crater, Mars

Author: Mangold, Nicolas, Gupta, Sanjeev, Caravaca, Gwénaël, Dromart, Gilles, Gasnault, Olivier, Le Mouélic, Stéphane, Quantin-Nataf, Cathy, Horgan, Briony, Bell III, J.F., Beyssac, Olivier, Maurice, Sylvestre, Núñez, Jorge, Shuster, David L., Stack‐Morgan, Katie, Weiss, Benjamin P., Wiens, Roger, Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géosciences [UMR_C 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Nantes université - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (Nantes univ - UFR ST), Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Department of Earth Science and Engineering [Imperial College London], Imperial College London, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Purdue University, Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Berkeley Geochronology Center (BGC), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences [MIT, Cambridge] (EAPS), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), and Lunar and Planetary Institute
Subjects: Jezero crater, delta, [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Mars 2020, [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Mars, sedimentology, stratigraphy, delta front
Abstract: International audience; The Perseverance rover landed on the floor of Jezero crater on 18 February 2021. The landing site is located ~2.2 km from the SE-facing erosional scarp of the western fan deposits. Images obtained using the Mastcam-Z camera and the Remote Micro-Imager (RMI) of the SuperCam instrument provided the first Mars ground-based observations of this western fan. These images show a deltaic architecture consistent with a paleolake, but at a level ~100 m lower than expected, suggestive of a closed system [1]. Here we report new observations made during the “rapid traverse” in March-April 2022, a period during which the rover traveled fast along the eastern and southeastern side of Jezero fan taking only a few remote sensing observations on the way.
Published: 2023

15. CHEMCAM: ZAPPING MARS FOR 10 YEARS (AND MORE)

Author: Gasnault, Olivier, Lanza, N., Wiens, R., Maurice, S., Mangold, N., Johnson, J., Dehouck, E., Beck, P., Cousin, A., Pinet, P., Bridges, J., Dromart, G., Mcconnochie, T., Mouélic, S. Le, Team, The Chemcam, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Purdue University, Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), University of Leicester, Space Science Institute [Boulder] (SSI), and Lunar and Planetary Institute
Subjects: [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP]
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2023

16. OVERVIEW OF THE BEDROCK GEOCHEMISTRY AND MINERALOGY OBSERVED BY SUPERCAM DURING PERSEVERANCE'S DELTA FRONT CAMPAIGN

Author: Dehouck, Erwin, Forni, Olivier, Quantin-Nataf, Cathy, Beck, Pierre, Mangold, Nicolas, Royer, Clément, Clavé, Elise, Beyssac, Olivier, Johnson, Jeffrey, Mandon, Lucia, Poulet, François, Le Mouélic, Stéphane, Caravaca, Gwénaël, Kalucha, Hemani, Gibbons, Erin, Dromart, Gilles, Gasda, Patrick, Meslin, Pierre-Yves, Schroeder, Susanne, Udry, Arya, Anderson, Ryan B., Clegg, Samuel, Cousin, Agnès, Gabriel, Travis, Lasue, Jérémie, Fouchet, Thierry, Pilleri, Paolo, Pilorget, Cédric, Hurowitz, Joel, Núñez, Jorge, Williams, Amy, Russell, Patrick, Simon, Justin I., Maurice, Sylvestre, Wiens, Roger, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France, Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géosciences [UMR_C 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Nantes université - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (Nantes univ - UFR ST), Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Purdue University, Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences [Pasadena], California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] (DLR), University of Nevada [Las Vegas] (WGU Nevada), US Geological Survey [Flagstaff], United States Geological Survey [Reston] (USGS), United States Geological Survey (USGS), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY), Department of Geological Sciences [Gainesville] (UF|Geological), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Department of Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences [Los Angeles] (EPSS), University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC), NASA, and Lunar and Planetary Institute
Subjects: jezero crater, [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, Mars 2020, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, mars, delta front, geochemistry
Abstract: International audience; In February 2021, the Perseverance rover landed in Jezero crater, Mars. The crater floor was found to be composed of lava flows and cumulate rocks [1-5]. These magmatic rocks appear to have undergone some limited aqueous alteration; however, it is not clear whether this alteration is related to the lacustrine phase of the crater [1,3,6,7].After completing its exploration of the crater floor, Perseverance reached the foot of the Jezero western fan in late April 2022 (sol ~422). Long-distance images acquired earlier in the mission had already confirmed the deltaic nature of the fan [8], which had long been suspected from orbital observations [9,10]. Between April and December 2022, Perseverance investigated the basal layers of the delta at two locations named Hawksbill Gap and Cape Nukshak, which are ~400 m apart [11]. Here, we present an overview of the geo-chemistry and mineralogy of the delta rocks as observed by SuperCam, and show that these rocks record a diver-sity of past aqueous alteration environments.
Published: 2023

17. Light-toned veins and material in Jezero crater, Mars, as seen in-situ via NASA's Perseverance rover (Mars 2020 mission): stratigraphic distribution and compositional results from the supercam instrument

Author: Nachon, Marion, López-Reyes, Guillermo, Meslin, Pierre-Yves, M. Ollila, Ann, Mandon, Lucia, Clavé, Elise, Forni, Olivier, Maurice, Sylvestre, Wiens, Roger, Gasnault, Olivier, Quantin-Nataf, Cathy, Mangold, Nicolas, Clegg, Samuel, Cousin, Agnès, Lasue, Jérémie, Dehouck, Erwin, Pilleri, Paolo, Team, The Supercam, Bell III, J.F., Horgan, Briony, Núñez, Jorge, Stack‐Morgan, Katie, Tebolt, Michelle, Caravaca, Gwénaël, Gupta, Sanjeev, Calef, Fred J., Crumpler, Larry, Siljeström, Sandra, Russell, Patrick, Williams, Amy, Shuster, David L., Rice, James, Brown, Adrian, Holm-Alwmark, Sanna, Kanine, Oak, Texas A&M University [College Station], Universidad de Valladolid [Valladolid] (UVa), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences [Pasadena], California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Purdue University, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géosciences [UMR_C 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Nantes université - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (Nantes univ - UFR ST), Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Department of Geological Sciences [Austin], Jackson School of Geosciences (JSG), University of Texas at Austin [Austin]-University of Texas at Austin [Austin], Department of Earth Science and Engineering [Imperial College London], Imperial College London, New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science (NMMNHS), RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Department of Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences [Los Angeles] (EPSS), University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Department of Geological Sciences [Gainesville] (UF|Geological), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Berkeley Geochronology Center (BGC), School of Earth and Space Exploration [Tempe] (SESE), NASA Headquarters, Plancius Research LLC, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), and Lunar and Planetary Institute
Subjects: Jezero crater, [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Mars 2020, [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], sedimentology, veins, diagenesis
Abstract: International audience; Within Jezero crater, the Perseverance rover currently explores the lowermost-exposed scarp of the delta (Fig. 1) [1,2]. Here we: (1) present the distribution of light-toned veins currently observed via the rover along its route in Jezero crater; (2) introduce compositional results of veins as analyzed via Perseverance’s SuperCam instrument, and place them into the context of results from the other instruments.
Published: 2023

18. Acoustics of martian geological material from the shock waves of the laser-induced sparks of supercam

Author: Alvarez, C., Laserna, J., Moros, J., Purohit, P., Angel, S. M., Bernardi, P., Beyssac, O., Bousquet, B., Cadu, A., Chide, B., Clavé, E., Dauson, E., Forni, O., Fouchet, T., Gasnault, O., Jacob, Xavier, Lacombe, G., Lanza, N.L., Larmat, C., Lasue, J., Lorenz, R.D., Meslin, P.-Y., Mimoun, D., Montmessin, Franck, Murdoch, N., Ollila, A. M., Pilleri, P., Reyes-Newell, A. L., Schröder, S., Stott, A., Cate, J. Ten, Vogt, D., Clegg, S., Cousin, A., Maurice, S., Wiens, R. C., Universidad de Málaga [Málaga] = University of Málaga [Málaga], University of South Carolina [Columbia], Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université de Toulouse (UT), Institut de mécanique des fluides de Toulouse (IMFT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DLR Institute of Optical Sensor Systems, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] (DLR), Purdue University [West Lafayette], and Lunar and Planetary Institute
Subjects: [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP]
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2023

19. SEDIMENTOLOGY AND STRATIGRAPHY OF THE LOWER DELTA SEQUENCE, JEZERO CRATER,MARS

Author: Stack‐Morgan, Katie, Gupta, Sanjeev, Tebolt, Michelle, Caravaca, Gwénaël, Ives, Libby, Russell, Patrick, Shuster, David L., Williams, Amy, Holm-Alwmark, Sanna, Barnes, Robert, Bell, Jim F., Beyssac, Olivier, Brown, Adrian, Flannery, David, Grotzinger, John, Horgan, Briony, Hurowitz, Joel, Kalucha, Hemani, Kanine, Oak, Núñez, Jorge, Randazzo, Nicolas, Seeger, Christina, Simon, Justin I., Tice, Michael M., Williams, Rebecca M.E., Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Department of Earth Science and Engineering [Imperial College London], Imperial College London, University of Texas at Austin [Austin], Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences [Los Angeles] (EPSS), University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Berkeley Geochronology Center (BGC), Department of Geological Sciences [Gainesville] (UF|Geological), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), NASA Headquarters, Plancius Research LLC, Queensland University of Technology [Brisbane] (QUT), Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences [Pasadena], California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Purdue University [West Lafayette], Department of Geosciences [Stony Brook], Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY)-State University of New York (SUNY), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), University of Alberta, NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC), NASA, Texas A&M University [College Station], Planetary Science Institute [Tucson] (PSI), and Lunar and Planetary Institute
Subjects: Jezero crater, delta, [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], shenandoah formation, [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, Mars 2020, Mars, stratigraphy, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Sedimentology
Abstract: International audience; In April 2022, the Mars 2020 Perseverance rover arrived at the base of the ancient delta in Jezero crater after completing the first year of its mission exploring and sampling aqueously altered igneous rocks of the present-day crater floor [1]. Perseverance then spent ~200 sols exploring the lower ~25 m of rock exposed within the eastern scarp of the Jezero delta [2], a sedimentary sequence informally named the ‘Shenandoah’ formation. This studydescribes the sedimentology and stratigraphy of the Shenandoah formation explored by Perseverance at two sections—'Cape Nukshak’ and ‘Hawksbill Gap’— including a description, interpretation, and depositional framework for the facies that comprise it.
Published: 2023

20. Analysis of co-located supercam and sherloc observations on abrasion patches in Jezero crater

Author: Connell, S. A., Wiens, R. C., Cardarelli, E. L., Deen, R., Mandon, L., Sharma, S., Beyssac, O., Clavé, E., Siljeström, S., Czaja, A.I., Pilleri, P., Gasnault, O., Lopez-Reyes, G., Johnson, J.R., Bhartia, R., Maurice, S., Teams, Supercam And Sherloc, Purdue University [West Lafayette], California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bordeaux (UB), University of Cincinnati (UC), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad de Valladolid [Valladolid] (UVa), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Photon Systems Inc., and Lunar and Planetary Institute
Subjects: [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP]
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2023

21. EXPLORING THE JEZERO DELTA FRONT: OVERVIEW OF RESULTS FROM THE MARS 2020 PERSEVERANCE ROVER'S SECOND SCIENCE CAMPAIGN

Author: Williams, Amy, Russell, Patrick, Sun, Vivian Z., Shuster, David L., Stack‐Morgan, Katie, Farley, Kenneth A., del Sesto, Tyler, Kronyak, Rachel E., Bell, Jim F., Beyssac, Olivier, Brown, Adrian J., Caravaca, Gwénaël, Gupta, Sanjeev, Núñez, Jorge, Randazzo, Nicolas, Simon, Justin I., Wadhwa, Meenakshi, Department of Geological Sciences [Gainesville] (UF|Geological), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Department of Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences [Los Angeles] (EPSS), University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Berkeley Geochronology Center (BGC), Department of Earth and Planetary Science [UC Berkeley] (EPS), University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Plancius Research LLC, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Earth Science and Engineering [Imperial College London], Imperial College London, Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), University of Alberta, NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC), NASA, and Lunar and Planetary Institute
Subjects: jezero crater, delta, [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, Mars, mars 2020, sedimentology, stratigraphy, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, delta front campaign
Abstract: International audience; The Perseverance rover landed in Jezero crater on February 18, 2021, with the mission goals to explore the geology, astrobiological potential, and modern environment of the crater floor and delta, and to collect and cache well-documented samples for Mars Sample Return. After completion of the “Crater Floor” science campaign [1], the rover conducted a rapid traverse (sols 379-414) to the Three Forks region of the crater floor adjacent to the delta front. From here, Perseverance’s second “Delta Front” science campaign (DFC) began on Sol 415, April 20, 2022. The DFC has explored two lobes of the delta front, the neighboring crater floor, and their contact zone, focusing on the lowest geologic exposures composing the Jezero delta (largely mapped within the delta “thin layered unit” [2]). As of January 1, 2023, Perseverance has covered 14325 km of traverse distance and collected 15 rock sample cores, 2 regolith samples, 1 atmospheric sample, and 3 witness tubes, employing a sample pair strategy where each unique sample is paired with a companion sample core from the same location, to enable the construction of two different caches [3]. After sample depot construction at Three Forks, the DFC will conclude upon re-ascent of the delta front, and the next “Delta Top” science campaign will start.
Published: 2023

22. The Hubble PanCET program: The near-ultraviolet transmission spectrum of WASP-79b

Author: A. Gressier, A. Lecavelier des Etangs, D. K. Sing, M. López-Morales, M. K. Alam, J. K. Barstow, V. Bourrier, L. A. Dos Santos, A. García Muñoz, J. D. Lothringer, N. K. Nikolov, K. S. Sotzen, G. W. Henry, T. Mikal-Evans, PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Space Telescope Science Institute (STSci), Morton K. Blaustein Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences [Baltimore], Johns Hopkins University (JHU), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Baltimore], Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA), Harvard University-Smithsonian Institution, Carnegie Institution for Science, School of Physical Sciences [Milton Keynes], Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics [Milton Keynes], The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU)-The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU), Geneva Observatory, Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Utah Valley University (UVU), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Tennessee State University, Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), and Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Subjects: stars, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), photometry, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Space and Planetary Science, planets and satellites, atmospheres, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: We present Hubble Space Telescope (HST) transit observations of the Hot-Jupiter WASP-79b acquired with the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) in the near ultraviolet (NUV). Two transit observations, part of the PanCET program, are used to obtain the transmission spectra of the planet between 2280 and 3070{\AA}. We correct for systematic effects in the raw data using the jitter engineering parameters and polynomial modelling to fit the white light curves of the two transits. We observe an increase in the planet-to-star radius ratio at short wavelengths, but no spectrally resolved absorption lines. The difference between the radius ratios at 2400 and 3000{\AA} reaches $0.0191\pm0.0042$ ($\sim$4.5$-\sigma$). Although the NUV transmission spectrum does not show evidence of hydrodynamical escape, the strong atmospheric features are likely due to species at very high altitudes. We performed a 1D simulation of the temperature and composition of WASP-79b using Exo-REM. The temperature pressure profile crosses condensation curves of radiatively active clouds, particularly MnS, Mg$_2$SiO$_4$, Fe, and Al$_2$O$_3$. Still, none of these species produces the level of observed absorption at short wavelengths and can explain the observed increase in the planet's radius. WASP-79b's transit depth reaches 23 scale height, making it one of the largest spectral features observed in an exoplanet at this temperature ($\sim$1700 K). The comparison of WASP-79b's transmission spectrum with three warmer hot Jupiters shows a similar level of absorption to WASP-178b and WASP-121b between 0.2 and 0.3$\mu$m, while HAT-P-41b's spectrum is flat. The features could be explained by SiO absorption., Comment: Accepted for publication January 31, 2023 in the Journal Astronomy & Astrophysics
Published: 2023

23. Reflectance of Jezero crater floor: 2. Mineralogical interpretation

Author: Mandon, Lucia, Quantin-Nataf, Cathy, Royer, Clément, Beck, Pierre, Fouchet, Thierry, Johnson, Jeffrey, Dehouck, Erwin, Le Mouélic, S., Poulet, François, Montmessin, Franck, Pilorget, Cédric, Gasnault, O., FORNI, Olivier, Mayhew, L., Beyssac, O., Bertrand, T., Clavé, E., Pinet, P., Brown, A., Legett, C., Tarnas, J., Cloutis, E., Poggiali, G., Fornaro, T., Maurice, Sylvestre, Wiens, R., Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France, Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géosciences [UMR_C 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Nantes université - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (Nantes univ - UFR ST), Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Geological Sciences [Boulder], University of Colorado [Boulder], Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Plancius Research LLC, Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), University of Winnipeg, INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri (OAA), and Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF)
Subjects: Geophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Geochemistry and Petrology, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)
Abstract: International audience; The Perseverance rover landed in the ancient lakebed of Jezero crater, Mars on February 2021. Here we assess the mineralogy of the rocks, regolith, and dust measured during the first year of the mission on the crater floor, using the visible and near-infrared spectrometer of SuperCam onboard the Perseverance rover. Most of the minerals detected from orbit are present in the bedrock, with olivine-bearing rocks at the bottom of the stratigraphy and high-Ca pyroxene-bearing rocks at the top. This is distinct from the overall low-Ca pyroxene-bearing composition of the watershed of Jezero, and points towards an igneous origin. Alteration mineral phases were detected in most of the rocks analyzed in low proportions, suggesting that aqueous alteration of the crater floor has been spatially widespread, but limited in intensity and/or time. The diverse aqueous mineralogy suggests that the aqueous alteration history of the crater floor consists of at least two stages, to form phyllosilicates and oxyhydroxides, and later sulfates. We interpret their formation in a lake or under deeper serpentinization conditions, and in an evaporative environment, respectively. Spectral similarities of dust with some rock coatings suggest widespread past processes of dust induration under liquid water activity late in the history of Jezero. Analysis of the regolith revealed some local inputs from the surrounding rocks. Relevant to the Mars Sample Return mission, the spectral features exhibited by the rocks sampled on the crater floor are representative of the diversity of spectra measured on the geological units investigated by the rover.
Published: 2023

24. Petrological traverse of the olivine cumulate Séítah formation at Jezero crater, Mars : A perspective from SuperCam onboard Perseverance

Author: Beyssac, O., Forni, O., Cousin, A., Udry, A., Kah, L.C., Mandon, L., Clavé, E., Liu, Y., Poulet, F., Quantin Nataf, C., Gasnault, O., Johnson, J., Benzerara, K., Beck, P., Dehouck, E., Mangold, N., Alvarez Llamas, C., Anderson, R., Arana, G., Barnes, R., Bernard, S., Bosak, T., Brown, A.J., Castro, K., Chide, B., Clegg, S., Cloutis, E., Fouchet, T., Gabriel, T., Gupta, S., Lacombe, G., Lasue, J., Le Mouelic, S., Lopez‐Reyes, G., Madariaga, J.M., McCubbin, F.M., McLennan, S., Manrique, J.A., Meslin, P.Y., Montmessin, F., Núñez, J., Ollila, A.M., Ostwald, A., Pilleri, P., Pinet, P., Royer, C., Sharma, S.K., Schröder, Susanne, Simon, J.I., Toplis, M.J., Veneranda, M., Willis, P.A., Maurice, S., Wiens, R.C., Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Geoscience [Las Vegas], University of Nevada [Las Vegas] (WGU Nevada), Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences [Knoxville], The University of Tennessee [Knoxville], Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géosciences - Angers (LPG-ANGERS), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géosciences [UMR_C 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Nantes université - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (Nantes univ - UFR ST), Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Nantes université - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (Nantes univ - UFR ST), Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Department of Analytical Chemistry [Malaga], Universidad de Málaga [Málaga] = University of Málaga [Málaga], Astrogeology Science Center [Flagstaff], United States Geological Survey [Reston] (USGS), Department of Analytical Chemistry [Leioa], University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Department of Earth Science and Engineering [Imperial College London], Imperial College London, Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences [MIT, Cambridge] (EAPS), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Plancius Research LLC, Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), University of Winnipeg, Laboratoire Energie Signal Images et Automatique [Univ Ngaoundéré] (LESIA), Université de Ngaoundéré/University of Ngaoundéré [Cameroun] (UN), Universidad de Valladolid [Valladolid] (UVa), NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC), NASA, Department of Geosciences [Stony Brook], Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY)-State University of New York (SUNY), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology (HIGP), University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] (UHM), DLR Institute of Optical Sensor Systems, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] (DLR), Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences [West Lafayette] (EAPS), and Purdue University [West Lafayette]
Subjects: spectroscopy, LIBS, m2020, Mars, Perseverance, Jezero, Jezero crater, reflectance spectroscopy, in-situ, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], rover, Seitah, VisIR, Raman, in-situ science
Abstract: International audience; Séítah is the stratigraphically lowest formation visited by Perseverance in the Jezero crater floor. We present the data obtained by SuperCam: texture by imagery, chemistry by LIBS, and mineralogy by VISIR and Raman spectroscopy. The Séítah formation consists of igneous, weakly altered, rocks dominated by millimeter-size grains of olivine with the presence of low-Ca and high-Ca pyroxenes, and other primary minerals (e.g., plagioclase, Cr-Fe-Ti oxides, phosphates). Along a ∼140 m long section in Séítah, SuperCam analyses showed evidence of geochemical and mineralogical variations, from the contact with the overlying Máaz formation, going deeper in the formation. Bulk rock and olivine Mg#, grain size, olivine content increase gradually further from the contact. Along the section, olivine Mg# are not in equilibrium with the bulk rock Mg#, indicating local olivine accumulation. These observations are consistent with Séítah being the deep ultramafic member of a cumulate series derived from the fractional crystallization and slow cooling of the parent magma at depth. Possible magmatic processes and exhumation mechanisms of Séítah are discussed. Séítah rocks show some affinity with some rocks at Gusev crater, and with some martian meteorites suggesting that such rocks are not rare on the surface of Mars. Séítah is part of the Nili Fossae regional olivine-carbonate unit observed from orbit. Future exploration of Perseverance on the rim and outside of the crater will help determine if the observations from the crater floor can be extrapolated to the whole unit, or if this unit is composed of distinct sub-units with various origins.
Published: 2023

25. Exploring Fundamental Particle Acceleration and Loss Processes in Heliophysics through an Orbiting X-ray Instrument in the Jovian System (A White Paper for the 2024-2033 Solar and Space Physics (Heliophysics) Decadal Survey)

Author: Dunn, W, Berland, G, Roussos, E, Clark, G, Kollmann, P, Turner, D, Feldman, C, Stallard, T, Branduardi-Raymont, G, Woodfield, E, Rae, I, Ray, L, Carter, J, Lindsay, S, Yao, Z, Marshall, R, Jaynes, A, Ezoe, Y, Numazawa, M, Hospodarsky, G, Wu, X, Weigt, D, Jackman, C, Mori, K, Nénon, Quentin, Desai, R, Blum, L, Nordheim, T, Ness, J, Bodewits, D, Kimura, T, Li, W, Smith, H, Millas, D, Wibisono, A, Achilleos, N, Koutroumpa, Dimitra, Mcentee, S, Collier, H, Bhardwaj, A, Martindale, A, Wolk, S, Badman, S, Kraft, R, University College of London [London] (UCL), Centre for Planetary Sciences [UCL/Birkbeck] (CPS), University of Colorado [Boulder], Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), University of Leicester, Mullard Space Science Laboratory (MSSL), British Antarctic Survey (BAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), University of Northumbria at Newcastle [United Kingdom], Lancaster University, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), University of Iowa [Iowa City], Tokyo Metropolitan University [Tokyo] (TMU), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies (DIAS), Columbia University [New York], Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Imperial College London, University of Warwick [Coventry], Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Auburn University (AU), Tokyo University of Science [Tokyo], Boston University [Boston] (BU), HELIOS - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland (FHNW), Physical Research Laboratory [Ahmedabad] (PRL), Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, and Smithsonian Institution
Subjects: [SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR]
Published: 2023

26. Diverse Lava Flow Morphologies in the Stratigraphy of the Jezero Crater Floor

Author: S. Alwmark, B. Horgan, A. Udry, A. Bechtold, S. Fagents, E. Ravanis, L. Crumpler, N. Schmitz, E. Cloutis, A. Brown, D. Flannery, O. Gasnault, J. Grotzinger, S. Gupta, L. Kah, P. Kelemen, K. Kinch, J. Núñez, Lund University [Lund], IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), Purdue University [West Lafayette], University of Nevada [Las Vegas] (WGU Nevada), University of Vienna [Vienna], Austrian Academy of Sciences (OeAW), University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] (UHM), New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science (NMMNHS), DLR Institute of Planetary Research, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Department of Geography [Winnipeg], University of Winnipeg, Queensland University of Technology [Brisbane] (QUT), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel (CAU), Department of Earth Science and Technology [Imperial College London], Imperial College London, The University of Tennessee [Knoxville], Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO), Columbia University [New York], Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences [New York], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), and Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL)
Subjects: Jezero crater, Geophysics, [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, Mars2020 Perseverance Geology Geomorphology stratigraphy Jezero crater, Space and Planetary Science, Geochemistry and Petrology, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Maaz formation, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Mars 2020 Perseverance, Artuby, Lava
Abstract: International audience; We present a combined geomorphologic, multispectral, and geochemical analysis of crater floor rocks in Jezero crater based on data obtained by the Mastcam-Z and SuperCam instruments onboard the NASA Mars 2020 Perseverance rover. The combined data from this analysis together with the results of a comparative study with geologic sites on Earth allows us to interpret the origins of rocks exposed along the Artuby ridge, a ∼900 m long scarp of lower Máaz formation rocks. The ridge exposes rocks belonging to two morphologically distinct members, Artuby and Rochette, that both have basaltic composition and are spectrally indistinguishable in our analysis. Artuby rocks consist of morphologically distinct units that alternate over the ridge, bulbous, hummocky, layers with varying thicknesses that in places appear to have flowed over underlying strata, and sub-planar thinner laterally continuous layers with variable friability. The Rochette member has a massive appearance with pronounced pitting and sub-horizontal partings. Our findings are most consistent with a primary igneous emplacement as lava flows, through multiple eruptions, and we propose that the thin layers result either from preferential weathering, interbedded ash/tephra layers, ʻaʻā clinker layers, or aeolian deposition. Our analyses provide essential geologic context for the Máaz formation samples that will be returned to Earth and highlight the diversity and complexity of geologic processes on Mars not visible from orbit.
Published: 2023

27. Reflectance of Jezero Crater Floor: 1. Data Processing and Calibration of the Infrared Spectrometer (IRS) on SuperCam

Author: Royer, Clément, Fouchet, T., Mandon, L., Montmessin, Franck, Poulet, F., Forni, O., Johnson, J., Legett, C., Le Mouélic, S., Gasnault, O., Quantin-Nataf, C., Beck, Pierre, Dehouck, E., Clavé, E., Ollila, A., Pilorget, C., Bernardi, P., Reess, J.‐M., Pilleri, P., Brown, A., Newell, R., Cloutis, E., Maurice, S., Wiens, R., Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géosciences [UMR_C 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Nantes université - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (Nantes univ - UFR ST), Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France, Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Plancius Research LLC, Department of Geography [Winnipeg], University of Winnipeg, Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences [West Lafayette] (EAPS), and Purdue University [West Lafayette]
Subjects: Geophysics, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Space and Planetary Science, Geochemistry and Petrology, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)
Abstract: International audience; The $Perseverance$ rover, Mars 2020 mission, landed on the surface of the Jezero Crater, on February, 18th 2021. This Martian crater is suspected to have hosted a paleolake as evidenced by the numerous detections of aqueously-altered phases and thus is a promising candidate for the search for past Martian life. The SuperCam instrument, a collaboration by a consortium of American and European laboratories, plays a leading role in this investigation thanks to its highly versatile payload providing rapid, synergistic, fine-scale mineralogy, chemistry, and color imaging. After its landing, the first measurements of Martian targets with the infrared spectrometer of SuperCam (IRS) showed new instrumental behaviors that had to be characterized and calibrated to derive unbiased science data. The IRS radiometric response has thus been calibrated using periodic observations of the Aluwhite SuperCam Calibration Target (SCCT). Parasitic effects were understood and mitigated, and the instrumental dark and noise are characterized and modeled. The reflectance calibrated data products, provided periodically on the NASA Planetary Data System, are corrected for the main instrumental features. This radiometric calibration allowed us to study the 2.5 μm absorption band which has been discovered in the Séítah unit and is associated with phyllosilicates-carbonates mixtures.
Published: 2023

28. Enceladus as a potential oasis for life: Science goals and investigations for future explorations

Author: Christophe Sotin, Takazo Shibuya, Gaël Choblet, Steven D. Vance, Francis Nimmo, Tomohiro Usui, Eloi Camprubi, Mark P. Panning, Shannon MacKenzie, Tim Van Hoolst, Jürgen Schmidt, Frank Postberg, Alice Lucchetti, Joachim Saur, Laura M. Barge, Geraint H. Jones, O. Cadek, Giuseppe Mitri, Marie Bēhounková, Caroline Freissinet, Ondrej Soucek, Matthew M. Hedman, Gabriel Tobie, Valery Lainey, Cyril Szopa, Marc Neveu, Alice Le Gall, Karen Olsson-Francis, Arnaud Buch, Yasuhito Sekine, Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique [UMR 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés et Matériaux (LGPM), CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay, Charles University [Prague] (CU), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Utrecht University [Utrecht], PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), University of Idaho [Moscow, USA], Mullard Space Science Laboratory (MSSL), University College of London [London] (UCL), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova (OAPD), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), International Research School of Planetary Sciences [Pescara] (IRSPS), Università degli studi 'G. d'Annunzio' Chieti-Pescara [Chieti-Pescara] (Ud'A), Dipartimento di Fisica e Geologia [Perugia], Università degli Studi di Perugia (UNIPG), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California, The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (Freie Universität Berlin), Freie Universität Berlin, Universität zu Köln, University of Oulu, Earth-Life Science Institute [Tokyo] (ELSI), Tokyo Institute of Technology [Tokyo] (TITECH), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency [Sagamihara] (JAXA), and Royal Observatory of Belgium [Brussels] (ROB)
Subjects: Solar System, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Spacecraft, business.industry, Direct sampling, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Natural (archaeology), Astrobiology, Fresh water, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Primary (astronomy), 0103 physical sciences, Environmental science, business, Enceladus, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Rock blasting
Abstract: International audience; Enceladus is the first planetary object for which direct sampling of a subsurface water reservoir, likely habitable, has been performed. Over a decade of flybys and seven flythroughs of its watery plume, the Cassini spacecraft determined that Enceladus possesses all the ingredients for life. The existence of active eruptions blasting fresh water into space, makes Enceladus the easiest target in the search for life elsewhere in the Solar System. Flying again through the plume with more advanced instruments, landing at the surface near active sources and collecting a sample for return to Earth are the natural next steps for assessing whether life emerges in this active world. Characterizing this habitable world also requires detailed mapping and monitoring of its tidally-induced activity, from the orbit as well as from the surface using complementary platforms. Such ambitious goals may be achieved in the future in the framework of ESA large or medium-class missions in partnership with other international agencies, in the same spirit of the successful Cassini-Huygens mission. For all these reasons, exploring habitable ocean worlds, with Enceladus as a primary target, should be a priority topic of the ESA Voyage 2050 programme.
Published: 2021

29. Insights into the Sedimentary Record and Processes of the Western Delta of Jezero crater (Mars) as observed by the Mars 2020 rover Perseverance. (Invited)

Author: Caravaca, Gwénaël, Mangold, Nicolas, Gupta, Sanjeev, Stack, Kathryn, Núñez, Jorge, Dromart, Gilles, Kanine, Oak, Tate, Christian, Minitti, Michelle, Sholes, Steven, Tice, Michael M., Nachon, Marion, Siebach, Kirsten, Grotzinger, John, Flannery, David, Simon, Justin I., Horgan, Briony, Le Mouélic, Stéphane, Shuster, David L., Williams, Amy, Russell, Patrick, Farley, Kenneth A., Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géosciences [UMR_C 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Nantes université - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (Nantes univ - UFR ST), Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Department of Earth Science and Engineering [Imperial College London], Imperial College London, Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences [Pasadena], California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Cornell University [New York], Planetary Geosciences Institute [Knoxville], Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences [Knoxville], The University of Tennessee [Knoxville]-The University of Tennessee [Knoxville], Texas A&M University [College Station], Rice University [Houston], Queensland University of Technology [Brisbane] (QUT), NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC), NASA, Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Purdue University, Berkeley Geochronology Center (BGC), Department of Earth and Planetary Science [UC Berkeley] (EPS), University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Department of Geological Sciences [Gainesville] (UF|Geological), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), University of California (UC), American Geophysical Union, and CARAVACA, Gwénaël
Subjects: paleoenvironment, shenandoah formation, Mars 2020, sedimentology, stratigraphy, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, [SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics], Jezero crater, [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, [SDU.STU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, [SDU.STU.ST] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, [SDU.STU.PL] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology
Abstract: International audience; Since its landing in Jezero crater in February 2021, the western delta of Jezero has been one of the main targets for the Perseverance rover to explore and sample sedimentary rocks that lead us to better understand the environmental evolution of the region, and could host traces of past biosignatures.During the first year, the rover explored the floor of Jezero crater, focusing on aqueously altered igneous rocks. It also provided the opportunity to remotely observe the main delta front and its remnants (e.g., the Kodiak butte). This allowed us to distinguish several beds of sandstones (with local occurrences of boulders up to 30 cm) arranged into bottomsets, foresets and topsets morphologies. This tripartite geometry and steep slopes of foresets are characteristic of a Gilbert-type delta, formed by the deposition of fluvial sediments prograding into a standing body of water, here a paleolake whose level can be constrained by the transition from the foresets to topsets. Massive beds of boulder conglomerates (with boulders up to 1.5 m) have also been observed at or close to the top of many locations along the delta’s front, hinting at a transition to higher energy flows. Collectively, these elements argue for a polyphase complex depositional history of the delta through time.The toe of the current delta front was reached by the rover on Sol 422 (April 2022) when Perseverance arrived at the Enchanted Lake outcrop, at the base of the southeastern end of the promontory informally named Cape Nukshak on the distal end of the delta. The first in-place sedimentary rocks that were observed were a succession of thinly-laminated medium/coarse sandstones and mudstones. Then, Perseverance pursued its route towards the delta and started its ascension at Hawksbill Gap to assess the first half of the lower delta succession. Strata at the base of Hawksbill Gap are mostly composed of fine to coarse-grained rocks ranging from mudstones to granule conglomerates, displaying planar to low-angle cross-stratifications.These fine-grained detrital rocks are likely to have been deposited by fluvial to deltaic processes. There, the rover collected the first sets of paired sedimentary rock samples (coarse sandstone to micro-conglomerate) that will represent the fine- and coarse-grained lower delta succession once returned to Earth.
Published: 2022

30. Investigation on the Clay-Carbonate Mixture with SuperCam/IRS, Perseverance Rover

Author: Royer, Clément, Fouchet, Thierry, Mandon, Lucia, Clavé, Elise, Montmessin, Franck, Poulet, François, Forni, Olivier, Johnson, Jeffrey Roy, Gasnault, Olivier, Quantin-Nataf, Cathy, Dehouck, Erwin, Beck, Pierre, Benzerara, Karim, Le Mouélic, Stéphane, Caravaca, Gwénaël, Brown, Adrian, Pilorget, Cédric, M. Ollila, Ann, Newell, Raymond, Maurice, Sylvestre, Wiens, Roger, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France, Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géosciences [UMR_C 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Nantes université - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (Nantes univ - UFR ST), Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), NASA Headquarters, Plancius Research LLC, Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Purdue University, and American Geophysical Union
Subjects: Jezero crater, carbonate, [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], IRS, [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, Mars 2020, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, clay, geochemistry
Abstract: International audience; The Perseverance rover (Mars 2020 mission, NASA) is exploring the mineral diversity of the paleolake within Jezero crater and is searching for potential biosignatures and past habitability. Amongst its science payload, the SuperCam instrument plays a central role in the Mars habitability investigation by providing rapid, synergistic, fine-scale mineralogy, chemistry, and color imaging [1, 2]. In particular, it carries the first near-infrared spectrometer, IRS, to be operated on the Martian surface. IRS is a miniaturized point spectrometer (1.15 mrad field of view) located in the SuperCam’s mast unit. Its spectral range (1.3 – 2.6 µm range) covers major silicate, salts and hydrated mineral absorption features [3].Mineral identifications are performed by analyzing the position and shape of diagnostic absorption bands. The recent results on the instrument’s radiometric calibration [4] enabled the identification of a 2.50 - 2.53 µm absorption feature attributable to carbonates. Carbonates also exhibit a 2.3 µm band similar to the 2.30 - 2.33 µm Fe/Mg-OH band of several phyllosilicates. Thus, this 2.5 µm feature is key to decorrelate the presence of phyllosilicates and carbonates. In the Crater Floor unit, it has been identified only in the Séitah formation, with the support of LIBS investigation [5], and many occurrences have been detected in the Delta.The study of the band depth ratio between the 2.3 and 2.5 µm bands, in terms of detection quality (signal to noise ratio, Fig. 1), shows that positive carbonates detections are consistent with phyllosilicate-carbonate mixtures with a low Mg/Fe-carbonate content. In the Crater Floor, this low carbonate content in presence of phyllosilicates and silicates points towards an alteration of the mafic phase with a CO2-rich fluid. Work is in progress to better understand deconvolution of carbonates from phyllosilicates.
Published: 2022

31. Jezero Crater Floor and Delta Chemistry and Mineralogy Observed by SuperCam in the First 1.5 Years of the Perseverance Rover Mission

Author: Wiens, Roger, Maurice, Sylvestre, Clegg, Samuel, Cousin, Agnès, Dehouck, Erwin, Udry, Arya, Beyssac, Olivier, Quantin-Nataf, Cathy, Mangold, Nicolas, Mandon, Lucia, Forni, Olivier, Benzerara, Karim, Johnson, Jeffrey Roy, Anderson, Ryan, Gasda, Patrick, Royer, Clément, Madariaga, Juan Manuel, Pinedo, Kepa Castro Ortiz De, Arana, Gorka, Meslin, Pierre-Yves, Ollila, Ann, Legett, Carey, Poulet, François, Sharma, Shiv, Comellas, Jade, Chide, Baptiste, Acosta-Maeda, Tayro, Clave, Elise, Hausrath, Elisabeth, Simon, Justin, Bosak, Tanja, Brown, Adrian, Laserna, Javier, Alvarez, César, Lasue, Jérémie, Cloutis, Edward, Caravaca, Gwénaël, Connell, Stephanie, Wolf, Uriah, Sidhu, Sahejpal, Turenne, Nathalie, Ostwald, Amanda, Mouélic, Stéphane Le, Lopez-Reyes, Guillermo, Manrique, José, Veneranda, Marco, Pilleri, Paolo, Fouchet, Thierry, Pilorget, Cédric, Gabriel, Travis, Gibbons, Erin, Lanza, Nina, Larmat, Carene, Horgan, Briony, Nachon, Marion, Rapin, William, Manelski, Henry, Martinez-Frias, Jesus, Pinet, Patrick, Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Nevada [Las Vegas] (WGU Nevada), Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géosciences [UMR_C 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Nantes université - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (Nantes univ - UFR ST), Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), United States Geological Survey (USGS), University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), University of Hawaii, University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] (UHM), Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC), NASA, Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences [MIT, Cambridge] (EAPS), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), NASA Headquarters, Plancius Research LLC, Universidad de Málaga [Málaga] = University of Málaga [Málaga], University of Winnipeg, Universidad de Valladolid [Valladolid] (UVa), Astrogeology Science Center [Flagstaff], United States Geological Survey [Reston] (USGS), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Purdue University, Texas A&M University [Galveston], Purdue University [West Lafayette], Instituto de Geociencias [Madrid] (IGEO), Universidad Complutense de Madrid = Complutense University of Madrid [Madrid] (UCM)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), and American Geophysical Union
Subjects: Jezero crater, [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, SuperCam, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, Mars 2020, sedimentology, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, mineralogy, geochemistry, petrography
Abstract: International audience; Jezero crater was chosen for exploration and sample collection by Perseverance due to its history as a lake with river deltas, its diverse mineralogy, including carbonates observed from orbit, and as a potential site to calibrate crater counting ages with radiometric dates of samples to be returned to Earth. This presentation focuses on the results of SuperCam, which uses LIBS for remote elemental chemistry, VISIR and remote Raman spectroscopy for mineral compositions and alteration, includes a microphone, and performs high-resolution imaging for textures and morphology. In the first year after landing, SuperCam and other instruments were used to explore Jezero’s floor. We found that all of the floor units are igneous, with lava flows comprising the upper units as part of the Máaz formation, while the lower formation, Séítah, is an olivine cumulate, produced by gravitational settling of olivine crystals in a large melt body. Artuby ridge, just outside the SW portion of Séítah and stratigraphically just above it, contains up to 60% pyroxene. The upper portions of the Máaz formation are more enriched in plagioclase, with the uppermost Ch’al member having the most evolved composition, along with the Content member, pitted rocks directly overlying the main cumulate portion of Séítah. After exploring the floor, Perseverance drove to the delta formation and began a walk-about style of observations starting at Enchanted Lake, just below an arm of the delta formation, and then moving into Hawksbill Gap, climbing 18 m in elevation between Devil’s Tanyard, Sunset Hill, and Hogwallow flats. Delta compositions initially displayed higher phyllosilicate contents, identified by absorptions at 1.4, 1.9, and 2.3 µm, and by higher LIBS H peak areas. Farther up, compositions changed to sulfur-bearing in lower locations within the continuous fine-grained light-toned strata (e.g., Pignut Mountain, Sol 463) and carbonate-rich in upper strata. Veins were observed, consisting of Mg-Fe carbonate (Elder Ridge, Sol 459) and anhydrite (Reid’s Gap, Sol 466). The sulfates suggest precipitation of these salts at a later stage, as the lake was evaporating. Carbonates and sulfates in veins in different locations indicate that groundwater was active in the lithified sediments and had significantly different chemistry at different intervals.
Published: 2022

32. Fine-Scale Sedimentary Architecture of the Jezero Western Delta Front

Author: Gupta, Sanjeev, Bell, Jim F., Caravaca, Gwénaël, Kanine, Oak, Mangold, Nicolas, Stack, Kathryn, Tate, Christian, Tice, Michael M., Williams, Amy, Russell, Patrick, Núñez, Jorge, Dromart, Gilles, Williams, Rebecca M. E., Le Mouélic, Stéphane, Barnes, Robert, Annex, Andrew, Paar, Gerhard, Holm-Alwmark, Sanna, Rice, Melissa S., Rice, James, Horgan, Briony, Grotzinger, John, Maki, Justin, Hickman-Lewis, Keyron, Kah, Linda, Shuster, David L., Simon, Justin I., Minitti, Michelle, Siebach, Kirsten, Gasnault, Olivier, Wiens, Roger, Maurice, Sylvestre, Farley, Kenneth A., Department of Earth Science and Engineering [Imperial College London], Imperial College London, Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences [Pasadena], California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géosciences [UMR_C 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Nantes université - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (Nantes univ - UFR ST), Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Cornell University [New York], Texas A&M University [College Station], Department of Geological Sciences [Gainesville] (UF|Geological), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Department of Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences [Los Angeles] (EPSS), University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Planetary Science Institute [Tucson] (PSI), Joanneum Research, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Geology Department, Western Washington University, Western Washington University (WWU), School of Earth and Space Exploration [Tempe] (SESE), Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Purdue University, The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), The University of Tennessee [Knoxville], Berkeley Geochronology Center (BGC), NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC), NASA, Planetary Geosciences Institute [Knoxville], Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences [Knoxville], The University of Tennessee [Knoxville]-The University of Tennessee [Knoxville], Rice University [Houston], and American Geophysical Union
Subjects: gibert-delta, Jezero crater, delta, [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, Mars 2020, sedimentology, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, sedimentary architecture
Abstract: International audience; A key exploration target for the Perseverance rover mission is a sedimentary fan deposit at the western margin of Jezero crater, which has been interpretated to be a river delta that built into a lake basin during the Late Noachian-Early Hesperian epochs on Mars (~3.6-3.8 Ga). Images from the Mastcam-Z and SuperCam Remote Micro-Imager instruments provide striking views of the stratigraphy exposed in the fan’s erosional front. Here, we report its stratigraphy and sedimentology, which place constraints on the nature of the fan deposits and their paleoenvironmental implications.Multiple Mastcam-Z mosaics show spectacular views of the stratigraphy of a prominent embayment in the delta scarp that has been informally named Hawksbill Gap, the lower section of which the rover is investigating and sampling. The prominent cliffs of the eastern and western margin of Hawksbill Gap show distinctive stratal geometries with complex stratigraphic relations. The basal succession comprises poorly exposed thinly bedded, planar laminated sandstones that are interpreted as the deposits of low-density turbidity currents. A locally prominent, resistant unit named Rocky Top comprises planar stratified pebbly sandstones also likely to be high-density turbidite deposits. The stratigraphic mid-sections of the scarps are characterized by packages of decameter-scale inclined tabular strata. These tabular beds are locally conglomeratic but predominantly comprise finer-than-conglomerate lithologies, likely pebbly sandstones. Interstratified within these are poorly sorted matrix-supported conglomerates interpreted to be debris flow deposits. The inclined strata are overlain across a sharp truncation surface by generally planar parallel thin-bedded horizontal strata that we interpret as topset beds. Conglomerate beds containing bouldersare located within the overlying topset strata. The stratal patterns are broadly consistent with deposition in a Gilbert-type delta setting with basal strata representing deposition from sediment gravity flows, inclined strata representing foreset beds, and overlying topset beds deposition from fluvial processes in a delta top environment. The boulder conglomerates indicate sediment-transport on the delta top by episodic high-discharge floods.
Published: 2022

33. Moonraker -- Enceladus Multiple Flyby Mission

Author: O. Mousis, A. Bouquet, Y. Langevin, N. André, H. Boithias, G. Durry, F. Faye, P. Hartogh, J. Helbert, L. Iess, S. Kempf, A. Masters, F. Postberg, J.-B. Renard, P. Vernazza, A. Vorburger, P. Wurz, D. H. Atkinson, S. Barabash, M. Berthomier, J. Brucato, M. Cable, J. Carter, S. Cazaux, A. Coustenis, G. Danger, V. Dehant, T. Fornaro, P. Garnier, T. Gautier, O. Groussin, L. Z. Hadid, J.-C. Ize, I. Kolmasova, J.-P. Lebreton, S. Le Maistre, E. Lellouch, J. I. Lunine, K. E. Mandt, Z. Martins, D. Mimoun, Q. Nenon, G. M. Muñoz Caro, P. Rannou, H. Rauer, P. Schmitt-Kopplin, A. Schneeberger, M. Simons, K. Stephan, T. Van Hoolst, J. Vaverka, M. Wieser, L. Wörner, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physique des interactions ioniques et moléculaires (PIIM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UCL - SST/ELI/ELIC - Earth & Climate, Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Airbus Defence and Space [Les Mureaux], ASTRIUM, Groupe de spectrométrie moléculaire et atmosphérique (GSMA), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, DLR Institut für Planetenforschung, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] (DLR), Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica e Aerospaziale [Roma La Sapienza] (DIMA), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] (LASP), University of Colorado [Boulder], Imperial College London, Institute of Geological Sciences [Berlin], Department of Earth Sciences [Berlin], Free University of Berlin (FU)-Free University of Berlin (FU), Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Physics Institute [Bern], University of Bern, Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Swedish Institute of Space Physics [Kiruna] (IRF), Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas (LPP), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École polytechnique (X)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri (OAA), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Faculty of Aerospace Engineering [Delft], Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Leiden Observatory [Leiden], Universiteit Leiden, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Royal Observatory of Belgium [Brussels] (ROB), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Atmospheric Physics [Prague] (IAP), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Faculty of Mathematics and Physics [Praha/Prague], Charles University [Prague] (CU), Department of Astronomy [Ithaca], Cornell University [New York], Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Centro de Quimica Estrutural (CQE), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa (IST), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), Seismological Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), and DLR Institute of Quantum Technologies
Subjects: 530 Physics, ISOTOPOLOGUES, MU-M, FOS: Physical sciences, Saturnian satellites, Astronomy & Astrophysics, moon, Enceladus, [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Interdisciplinary astronomy, INTERIOR STRUCTURE, ION, Habitable planets, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), CALIBRATION, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Science & Technology, SPECTROSCOPY, GRAVITY-FIELD, 520 Astronomy, 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::520 Astronomie::520 Astronomie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften, Astronomy and Astrophysics, CASSINI, Astrobiology, 620 Engineering, PLUME, Geophysics, Saturn, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Space and Planetary Science, MASS-SPECTROMETER, Physical Sciences, Ocean planets, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: Enceladus, an icy moon of Saturn, possesses an internal water ocean and jets expelling ocean material into space. Cassini investigations indicated that the subsurface ocean could be a habitable environment having a complex interaction with the rocky core. Further investigation of the composition of the plume formed by the jets is necessary to fully understand the ocean, its potential habitability, and what it tells us about Enceladus' origin. Moonraker has been proposed as an ESA M-class mission designed to orbit Saturn and perform multiple flybys of Enceladus, focusing on traversals of the plume. The proposed Moonraker mission consists of an ESA-provided platform, with strong heritage from JUICE and Mars Sample Return, and carrying a suite of instruments dedicated to plume and surface analysis. The nominal Moonraker mission has a duration of 13.5 years. It includes a 23-flyby segment with 189 days allocated for the science phase, and can be expanded with additional segments if resources allow. The mission concept consists in investigating: i) the habitability conditions of present-day Enceladus and its internal ocean, ii) the mechanisms at play for the communication between the internal ocean and the surface of the South Polar Terrain, and iii) the formation conditions of the moon. Moonraker, thanks to state-of-the-art instruments representing a significant improvement over Cassini's payload, would quantify the abundance of key species in the plume, isotopic ratios, and physical parameters of the plume and the surface. Such a mission would pave the way for a possible future landed mission., Accepted for publication in The Planetary Science Journal
Published: 2022

34. Total synthesis of a functional designer eukaryotic chromosome

Author: Eric M. Cooper, Peter Deng, Karen I. Zeller, Zheng Kuang, Aaron M. Moore, Jessica S. Dymond, Jef D. Boeke, Sindurathy Murugan, Judy Doong, Jaime Liu, Jeffrey S. Han, Kristie Charoen, Neta Agmon, Apurva Yeluru, Leslie A. Mitchell, Lisa Z. Scheifele, Jonathan P. Ling, Zheyuan Guo, Henry Ma, Marina Paul, Kimberly M. Cirelli, Romain Koszul, Charlotte E. Floria, Isabel E. Ishizuka, Joy Chang, Mariya London, Matthew G. Rubashkin, Sarah M. Richardson, Wei Xie, Jennifer Tullman, Christopher Fernandez, Judy Qiu, Kristin M. Boulier, Alex Rhee, Allison Suarez, Pablo A. Lee, Ruchi Patel, Remus S. Wong, Jonathan Liu, Joel S. Bader, Pavlo Bohutski, J. Andrew Martin, Brian J. Capaldo, Giovanni Stracquadanio, Venkatesh Srinivas, Sean Li, Jessica Mao, Allen T. Yu, Woo Jin Choi, Ina Y. Soh, Javaneh Jabbari, Katrina Caravelli, Yijie Xu, Jason I. Feinberg, Gilles Fischer, Kun Yang, Karthikeyan Kandavelou, Yu Ouyang, Nathaniel E. Sotuyo, Murat Bilgel, Matthias E. Linder, Narayana Annaluru, Andrew D. Wong, Jessilyn Dunn, Pasha Hadidi, James E. DiCarlo, Won Chan Oh, Jessica E. McDade, David Gladowski, Héloïse Muller, Denise Lin, Srinivasan Chandrasegaran, Alexandra McMillan, Sivaprakash Ramalingam, Calvin Y. L. Lau, Viktoriya London, Laura C. Paulsen, Nicolas Agier, Yizhi Cai, Michalis Hadjithomas, Department of Environmental Health Sciences [JHU Baltimore], Johns Hopkins University (JHU) School of Public Health, Régulation spatiale des Génomes - Spatial Regulation of Genomes, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), High Throughput Biology Center [Baltimore], Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine [Baltimore], New York University Langone Medical Center, Johns Hopkins University ( JHU ), Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Genetic Medicine, Whiting School of Engineering, Biological Sciences, Research and Exploratory Development Department [Laurel], Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] ( APL ), Department of Biology [Loloya U. Baltimore], Loyola University Maryland, University of Edinburgh, Carnegie Institution for Science [Washington], Department of Biology [JHU Baltimore], Krieger School of Arts and Sciences [Baltimore], Whiting School of Engineering [Baltimore], Pondicherry Biotech Private Limited, Génomique des Microorganismes ( LGM ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), This work was supported by grants from NSF (MCB 0718846) to J.D.B., J.S.B., and S.C. and from Microsoft to J.S.B. S.M. and S.C were supported by a grant from NIH (GM077291 to S.C.), H. Muller, by a fellowship from Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale and a Pasteur-Roux fellowship, S.R., by an Exploratory Research Grant from the Maryland Stem Cell Research Fund, L.A.M., by a fellowship from the National Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, S.M.R., by a fellowship from the U.S. Department of Energy, and J.S.D., by a fellowship from JHU Applied Physics Laboratory., Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), New York University Langone Medical Center (NYU Langone Medical Center), NYU System (NYU), Johns Hopkins University (JHU), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Loyola University [Maryland, Baltimore], Génomique des Microorganismes (LGM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Carnegie Institution for Science
Subjects: Transposable element, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Genes, Fungal, Molecular Sequence Data, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Bacterial genome size, [ SDV.BBM.BM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Genome, Genomic Instability, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Transformation, Genetic, 0302 clinical medicine, RNA, Transfer, medicine, DNA, Fungal, Gene, Sequence Deletion, 030304 developmental biology, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, Mutation, Multidisciplinary, Base Sequence, [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], Chromosome, RNA, Fungal, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Sequence Analysis, DNA, biology.organism_classification, Introns, Eukaryotic chromosome fine structure, Synthetic Biology, Genetic Fitness, Genome, Fungal, Chromosomes, Fungal, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Designer Chromosome One of the ultimate aims of synthetic biology is to build designer organisms from the ground up. Rapid advances in DNA synthesis has allowed the assembly of complete bacterial genomes. Eukaryotic organisms, with their generally much larger and more complex genomes, present an additional challenge to synthetic biologists. Annaluru et al. (p. 55 , published online 27 March) designed a synthetic eukaryotic chromosome based on yeast chromosome III. The designer chromosome, shorn of destabilizing transfer RNA genes and transposons, is ∼14% smaller than its wild-type template and is fully functional with every gene tagged for easy removal.
Published: 2014

35. The science case for an orbital mission to Uranus: Exploring the origins and evolution of ice giant planets

Author: Roberto Peron, Jonathan J. Fortney, Denis Grodent, Ralf Srama, L. Lamy, Robert Ebert, S. Hsu, Ioannis A. Daglis, Edward C. Sittler, K. Konstantinidis, Matthew S. Tiscareno, O. Karatekin, M. H. Hofstadter, Nicolas Rambaux, Matthew M. Hedman, Richard Holme, Andrew J. Coates, Tom Stallard, Pierre Henri, Sarah V. Badman, Bruno Christophe, Jessica Agarwal, M. I. Desai, Diego Turrini, Fritz M. Neubauer, Andrew Smith, Agustín Sánchez-Lavega, Julianne I. Moses, Davide Grassi, G. S. Orton, O. Mousis, N. André, C. Labrianidis, Mihaly Horanyi, Federico Tosi, Henrik Melin, P. Zarka, Mathew J. Owens, S. M. P. McKenna-Lawlor, Elizabeth P. Turtle, Benoît Noyelles, Shawn M. Brooks, Matthieu Laneuville, Richard M. Ambrosi, John F. Cooper, Dominic Dirkx, Caitriona M. Jackman, Mario M. Bisi, C. Bracken, Kevin H. Baines, Harald Krüger, Mathieu Barthelemy, E. Khalisi, Kunio M. Sayanagi, Pontus Brandt, Tom Nordheim, J. L. MacArthur, Ondrej Santolik, Glyn Collinson, Sascha Kempf, Jürgen Blum, Robert W. Wilson, I. de Pater, Veerle Sterken, William S. Kurth, Patrick G. J. Irwin, Craig B. Agnor, Frank Postberg, T. M. Bocanegra-Bahamón, Jon K. Hillier, Julie Castillo-Rogez, Eberhard Grün, Georg Moragas-Klostermeyer, Michele K. Dougherty, Christelle Briois, Christopher T. Russell, Nicholas Achilleos, Bertrand Bonfond, Mario Trieloff, Kurt D. Retherford, Abigail Rymer, Renaud Sallantin, Christina Plainaki, Frank Spahn, N. Nettelmann, Achim Morschhauser, S. Vinatier, Gabriel Tobie, Serge Reynaud, Elias Roussos, I. Gerth, A. Luntzer, Joachim Saur, M. Costa-Sitja, Paul M. Schenk, Ravit Helled, David M. Lucchesi, C. Briand, J. Schubert, Régis Courtin, George Hospodarsky, Thibault Cavalié, Sebastien Hess, Chris S. Arridge, V. Lainey, Adam Masters, Anna Milillo, Gianrico Filacchione, Andrea Maier, Jacques Gustin, Nick Sergis, Zoltan Sternovsky, Don Banfield, Leigh N. Fletcher, Mullard Space Science Laboratory (MSSL), University College of London [London] (UCL), Centre for Planetary Sciences [UCL/Birkbeck] (CPS), Department of Physics and Astronomy [UCL London], European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), European Space Agency (ESA), Queen Mary University of London (QMUL), Space Research Centre [Leicester], University of Leicester, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Department of Physics [Lancaster], Lancaster University, Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Cornell University, Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Technische Universität Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Laboratoire de Physique Atmosphérique et Planétaire (LPAP), Université de Liège, National University of Ireland Maynooth (NUIM), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Laboratoire de physique et chimie de l'environnement (LPCE), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, DPHY, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay [Châtillon], ONERA-Université Paris-Saclay, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC), Department of Physics [Athens], National and Kapodistrian University of Athens = University of Athens (NKUA | UoA), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Southwest Research Institute [San Antonio] (SwRI), Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali - INAF (IAPS), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Space and Atmospheric Physics Group [London], Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London-Imperial College London, Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] (AOPP), University of Oxford [Oxford], University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California, Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik (MPIK), Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] (LASP), University of Colorado [Boulder], University of Idaho [Moscow, USA], Tel Aviv University [Tel Aviv], HEPPI - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides (IMCCE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], School of Environmental Sciences [Liverpool], University of Liverpool, University of Iowa [Iowa City], Department of Physics [Oxford], School of Physics and Astronomy [Southampton], University of Southampton, Royal Observatory of Belgium [Brussels], University of Stuttgart, Universität der Bundeswehr München [Neubiberg], Department of Physics and Astronomy [Iowa City], UTesat-Spacecom, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Vienna [Vienna], Space Research Institute of Austrian Academy of Sciences (IWF), Austrian Academy of Sciences (OeAW), Space Technology Ireland Limited, Institut für Raumfahrtsysteme (IRS), Universität Stuttgart [Stuttgart], Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Space Science Institute [Boulder] (SSI), Univers, Transport, Interfaces, Nanostructures, Atmosphère et environnement, Molécules (UMR 6213) (UTINAM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Institute for Geophysics and Meteorology [Köln] (IGM), University of Cologne, Université de Namur [Namur], University of Reading (UOR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 - UFR de Médecine Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB (Jussieu)), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics [Los Angeles] (IGPP), University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), University of California-University of California, University of the Basque Country [Bizkaia] (UPV/EHU), Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Institut für Geophysik und Meteorologie [Köln], Universität zu Köln, Institute of Atmospheric Physics [Prague] (IAP), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (ASCR), Lunar and Planetary Institute [Houston] (LPI), Department of Earth Sciences [USC Los Angeles], University of Southern California (USC), Office for Space Research and Applications [Athens], Academy of Athens, University of Potsdam, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics (MPIK), International Space Science Institute [Bern] (ISSI), Cornelle University, Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique UMR6112 (LPG), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université d'Angers (UA), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency [Sagamihara] (JAXA), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Cornell University [New York], Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG ), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Technische Universität Braunschweig = Technical University of Braunschweig [Braunschweig], National University of Ireland Maynooth (Maynooth University), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), DPHY, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay (COmUE) [Châtillon], ONERA-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), University of Oxford, University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), University of California (UC), Tel Aviv University (TAU), HELIOS - LATMOS, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University, Royal Observatory of Belgium [Brussels] (ROB), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Université de Namur [Namur] (UNamur), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Universität zu Köln = University of Cologne, Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), University of Potsdam = Universität Potsdam, Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique [UMR 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Mullard Space Science Laboratory ( MSSL ), University College of London [London] ( UCL ), Centre for Planetary Sciences [UCL/Birkbeck] ( CPS ), European Space Research and Technology Centre ( ESTEC ), European Space Agency ( ESA ), Queen Mary University of London ( QMUL ), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie ( IRAP ), Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées ( OMP ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institute of Space and Astronautical Science ( ISAS ), Jet Propulsion Laboratory ( JPL ), NASA-California Institute of Technology ( CALTECH ), University of Wisconsin-Madison [Madison], Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble ( IPAG ), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble ( OSUG ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ) -Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory ( RAL ), Science and Technology Facilities Council ( STFC ), Delft University of Technology ( TU Delft ), Laboratoire de Physique Atmosphérique et Planétaire ( LPAP ), National University of Ireland Maynooth ( NUIM ), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] ( APL ), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique ( LESIA ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de physique et chimie de l'environnement ( LPCE ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université d'Orléans ( UO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung ( MPS ), ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab ( Toulouse ), ONERA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center ( GSFC ), European Space Astronomy Center ( ESAC ), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, University of California [Berkeley], Southwest Research Institute [San Antonio] ( SwRI ), Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali ( IAPS ), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica ( INAF ), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] ( AOPP ), University of California [Santa Cruz] ( UCSC ), Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik ( MPIK ), Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] ( LASP ), University of Colorado Boulder [Boulder], Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales ( LATMOS ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides ( IMCCE ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), University of Iowa [Iowa], University of Southampton [Southampton], Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris ( IPGP ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Université de la Réunion ( UR ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Space Research Institute of Austrian Academy of Sciences ( IWF ), Austrian Academy of Sciences ( OeAW ), Institut für Raumfahrtsysteme ( IRS ), Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt ( DLR ), Space Science Institute [Boulder] ( SSI ), Univers, Transport, Interfaces, Nanostructures, Atmosphère et environnement, Molécules ( UTINAM ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Institute for Geophysics and Meteorology [Köln] ( IGM ), University of Reading ( UOR ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 - UFR de Médecine Pierre et Marie Curie ( UPMC ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ), Laboratoire Kastler Brossel ( LKB (Jussieu) ), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris ( FRDPENS ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -École normale supérieure - Paris ( ENS Paris ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -École normale supérieure - Paris ( ENS Paris ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics [Los Angeles] ( IGPP ), University of California at Los Angeles [Los Angeles] ( UCLA ), University of the Basque Country [Bizkaia] ( UPV/EHU ), Institute of Atmospheric Physics [Prague] ( IAP ), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] ( ASCR ), Lunar and Planetary Institute [Houston] ( LPI ), Department of Earth Sciences [Los Angeles], University of Southern California ( USC ), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique de Nantes ( LPGN ), Université de Nantes ( UN ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), and International Space Science Institute ( ISSI )
Subjects: Outer planets, Gas giant, [PHYS.ASTR.EP]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Uranus, [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Natural satellites, Astrobiology, ice giant planets, Neptune, Rings, Physics, Naturalsatellites, Atmosphere, Nice model, Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, orbital mission, [ SDU.ASTR.EP ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], science case, [ PHYS.ASTR.EP ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Rings of Uranus, Space and Planetary Science, Exploration of Uranus, Magnetosphere, Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Planetary interior, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Ice giant
Abstract: 著者人数: 114名, Accepted: 2014-08-07, 資料番号: SA1005021000
Published: 2014

36. Science goals and mission concept for the future exploration of Titan and Enceladus

Author: Jason M. Soderblom, François Raulin, Frank Postberg, Katrin Stephan, Joseph Westlake, Anezina Solomonidou, Robert A. West, Francis Nimmo, Nathalie Carrasco, E.R. Stofan, Elizabeth P. Turtle, Dirk Schulze-Makuch, Roland Wagner, Giuseppe Mitri, A. Lefèvre, Daniel Cordier, Gabriel Tobie, Athena Coustenis, Ralf Jaumann, Timothy A. Livengood, Andrew J. Coates, L. Norman, Jean-Pierre Lebreton, Robert T. Pappalardo, Wolf D. Geppert, R. de Kok, Juergen Schmidt, Sebastien Rodriguez, Conor A. Nixon, Kathleen Mandt, Nicholas A Teanby, Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique UMR6112 (LPG), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université d'Angers (UA), School of Earth Sciences [Bristol], University of Bristol [Bristol], Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), DLR Institute of Planetary Research, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), University of Potsdam, IMPEC - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Mullard Space Science Laboratory (MSSL), University College of London [London] (UCL), Univers, Transport, Interfaces, Nanostructures, Atmosphère et environnement, Molécules (UMR 6213) (UTINAM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research (SRON), Stockholm University, Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Space Science and Engineering Division [San Antonio], Southwest Research Institute [San Antonio] (SwRI), Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences [Santa Cruz], University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California-University of California, Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA, Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Washington State University (WSU), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique [UMR 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Potsdam = Universität Potsdam, PLANETO - LATMOS, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Department of Physics [Stockholm], European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Institut für Geowissenschaften [Heidelberg], Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences [MIT, Cambridge] (EAPS), Faculty of Geology and Geoenvironment [Athens], National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), DLR Institut für Planetenforschung, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] (DLR), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG ), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique de Nantes ( LPGN ), Université de Nantes ( UN ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique ( LESIA ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), German Aerospace Center ( DLR ), Laboratoire inter-universitaire des systèmes atmosphèriques ( LISA ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 ( UPEC UP12 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales ( LATMOS ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Mullard Space Science Laboratory ( MSSL ), University College of London [London] ( UCL ), Laboratoire d'astrophysique de l'observatoire de Besançon ( LAOB ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research ( SRON ), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble ( IPAG ), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble ( OSUG ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ) -Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center ( GSFC ), Southwest Research Institute [San Antonio] ( SwRI ), University of California [Santa Cruz] ( UCSC ), Jet Propulsion Laboratory ( JPL ), NASA-California Institute of Technology ( CALTECH ), Astrophysique Interactions Multi-échelles ( AIM - UMR 7158 - UMR E 9005 ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ), Washington State University ( WSU ), Massachusetts Institute of Technology ( MIT ), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] ( APL ), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Franche-Comté (UFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)
Subjects: Exploration of Saturn, Ocean, Solar System, [PHYS.ASTR.EP]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], 7. Clean energy, Missions, Space exploration, Astrobiology, symbols.namesake, Enceladus, Interior, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], Atmosphere, Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Planetengeologie, Surface, [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, symbols, Titan (rocket family), Titan, Geology
Abstract: International audience; Saturn's moons, Titan and Enceladus, are two of the Solar System's most enigmatic bodies and are prime targets for future space exploration. Titan provides an analogue for many processes relevant to the Earth, more generally to outer Solar System bodies, and a growing host of newly discovered icy exoplanets. Processes represented include: atmospheric dynamics, complex organic chemistry, meteorological cycles (with methane as a working fluid), astrobiology, surface liquids and lakes, geology, fluvial and aeolian erosion, and interactions with an external plasma environment. In addition, exploring Enceladus over multiple targeted flybys will give us a unique opportunity to further study the most active icy moon in our Solar System as revealed by Cassini and to analyse in situ its active plume with highly capable instrumentation addressing its complex chemistry and dynamics. Enceladus' plume likely represents the most accessible samples from an extra-terrestrial liquid water environment in the Solar system, which has far reaching implications for many areas of planetary and biological science. Titan with its massive atmosphere and Enceladus with its active plume are prime planetary objects in the Outer Solar System to perform in situ investigations. In the present paper, we describe the science goals and key measurements to be performed by a future exploration mission involving a Saturn-Titan orbiter and a Titan balloon, which was proposed to ESA in response to the call for definition of the science themes of the next Large-class mission in 2013. The mission scenario is built around three complementary science goals: (A) Titan as an Earth-like system; (B) Enceladus as an active cryovolcanic moon; and (C) Chemistry of Titan and Enceladus – clues for the origin of life. The proposed measurements would provide a step change in our understanding of planetary processes and evolution, with many orders of magnitude improvement in temporal, spatial, and chemical resolution over that which is possible with Cassini-Huygens. This mission concept builds upon the successes of Cassini-Huygens and takes advantage of previous mission heritage in both remote sensing and in-situ measurement technologies.
Published: 2014

37. Investigation of the stratigraphic and chemical relationships between Bradbury and Siccar Point lithostratigraphic groups in Gale crater, Mars

Author: Laetitia Le Deit, Gwénaël Caravaca, Nicolas Mangold, Stéphane Le Mouélic, Erwin Dehouck, Candice C. Bedford, Roger C. Wiens, Jeffrey R. Johnson, Olivier Gasnault, Olivier Forni, Nina Lanza, Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géosciences [UMR_C 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Nantes université - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (Nantes univ - UFR ST), Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lunar and Planetary Institute [Houston] (LPI), NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC), NASA, Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Purdue University, Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), and Europlanet
Subjects: [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences
Abstract: Over the past 10 years, the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) rover Curiosity has been investigating the plains of Aeolis Palus and the lower reaches of Aeolis Mons (informally known as Mount Sharp), a 5 km tall mound of sedimentary rocks in Gale crater (Figure 1). After traversing 27 km and nearly 600 m of vertical stratigraphy, three lithostratigraphic groups have been identified: Bradbury, Mount Sharp, and Siccar Point (SP). The Bradbury group consists of fluvial, deltaic, and lacustrine sedimentary rocks [1-2]. The Mt. Sharp group mainly consists of laminated mudstones with minor fluvial sandstones, interpreted as evidence of a long-lived lacustrine environment [1]. Locally, exposures of the Mt. Sharp group are unconformably overlain by aeolian cross-bedded sandstones of the SP group, interpreted to have deposited on an aeolian deflation surface [3]. While these three groups show evidence of deposition in specific environmental and climatic conditions, knowledge of their stratigraphic relationships is a key information to understand the evolution of environmental conditions in Gale. Yet, no clear stratigraphic contact has been observed at the boundary between the Bradbury and the Mt. Sharp groups. Because the mean dip of the Bradbury group is approximately horizontal, the MSL team suggested that the Bradbury group might be stratigraphically lower than the Mt. Sharp group, and therefore lower than the SP group [1]. Nonetheless, orbital analyses of the region suggested that capping strata of the Bradbury group could be part of the SP group [4]. Chemical data from the ChemCam and APXS instrument suites of Bradbury and SP group rocks have recently shown that both groups have similar compositions and possibly similar sediment sources [5-8]. In this study, we aim to reappraise the stratigraphic and chemical relationships between the Bradbury and SP groups using Mastcam [9-10] and ChemCam data [11-12] to characterize the evolution of Gale’s ancient environment. Lithostratigraphy of Zabriskie Plateau One of the best candidates to assess the potential contact between Bradbury and SP group rocks is located at the Zabriskie Plateau outcrop in the Pahrump Hills area (Figure 1). To better appreciate the facies and 3D geometry of the contacts, this outcrop has been reconstructed as a Digital Outcrop Model (Figure 2, https://skfb.ly/o9ZAq) [13]. In this model, we observe that most of the outcrop is composed of fine to medium-grained sandstones, arranged in dm- to meter-scale cross-stratifications, similar to some of the aeolian facies of the SP group [3]. These sandstones exist as “capping rocks” similar to previously described examples [4], suggesting that they are locally well-cemented on the topmost meter. Near the base of the DOM, we observe a meter-scale, ~30-cm thick, cross-stratified lens-shaped interval of coarser medium to pebble conglomerate. This level represents deposition under energetic aqueous conditions to transport clasts up to the pebble size, more likely to pertain to a fluvial channel. Interestingly, this conglomerate interval is at similar elevation (within one meter) to the surrounding sandstones, with no apparent unconformity, likely evidencing a conformable emplacement of this level within the finer sandstone succession. This would argue that the conglomerate level was deposited synchronously with the finer-grained sandstones during the same depositional event. Chemical composition of Bradbury and Siccar Point groups The average compositions of Bradbury and SP group rocks are overall quite similar (Table 1), and clearly distinct from Mount Sharp group rocks (Figures 3 and 4). By analyzing the rock compositions of Bradbury and SP groups, we sorted them into five major chemical groups, which are, in order of increasing average K2O/Na2O ratio and average K2O content for groups 1 to 4: group 1 has a basaltic composition; group 2 has low SiO2, intermediate TiO2, high FeOT and Na2O contents; group 3 has low CaO, high TiO2, FeOT, and K2O contents; group 4 has low TiO2 and Al2O3, and very high K2O contents; and group 5 has a composition close to group 1 with higher SiO2 and alkali contents (Table 1, Figure 3). Overall, the MgO and Al2O3 contents are quite variable. The composition of these rocks suggests mixing between mafic minerals and feldspars, including alkali feldspars in various proportions (Figure 4). Interestingly, both Bradbury and SP rocks occur in the first three chemical groups, which suggests similar source rocks for both groups of at least two types: a relatively low-potassium basaltic rock and a potassic-rich rock. The relative abundance of potassic-rich source rock in the mixture is interpreted to increase from group 1 to group 4. Besides, Bradbury and SP group rocks have a low Chemical Index of Alteration (CIA), which is indicative of limited chemical weathering (Figure 4). Conclusion 3D observations in the Pahrump Hills area suggest that Bradbury and Siccar Point units are intermingled and synchronous in an environment allowing fluvial episodes to occasionally occur among a drier setting, as observed on Earth [14]. This is consistent with the chemical compositions of Bradbury and Siccar Point groups which suggest similar source rocks in different relative abundances. This relationship implies that the Bradbury group could be younger than Mount Sharp group (Figure 5). To summarize, these observations are in favor of a common origin for both Bradbury and Siccar Point as a single clastic group, representing a temporal evolution from clement conditions during the deposition of Mount Sharp group to a colder and drier environment with still transient episodes of fluvial activity during the deposition of Bradbury and Siccar Point groups. [1] Grotzinger et al., Science 2015. [2] Mangold et al., JGR 2016. [3] Banham et al., Sedimentology 2018. [4] Williams et al., Icarus 2018. [5] Bedford et al., Icarus 2020. [6] Bedford et al., JGR 2022. [7] Thompson et al., LPSC 2022. [8] Thompson et al., this conference. [9] Malin et al., LPSC 2010. [10] Bell et al., Earth and Space Science 2017. [11] Wiens et al., Space Sci Rev. 2012. [12] Maurice et al., Space Sci. Rev. 2012. [13] Caravaca et al., PSS 2020. [14] Newell, Marine and Petroleum Geology 2001.
Published: 2022

38. Sedimentary and stratigraphic observations at the Jezero western delta front using Perseverance cameras: initial constraints on palaeoenvironments

Author: Gupta, Sanjeev, Bell, Jim F., Kanine, Oak, Tate, Christian, Caravaca, Gwénaël, Núñez, Jorge, Mangold, Nicolas, Dromart, Gilles, Le Mouélic, Stéphane, Annex, Andrew, Paar, Gerhard, Holm-Alwmark, Sanna, Rice, Melissa S., Rice, Jim, Horgan, Briony, Grotzinger, John, Maki, Justin, Hickman Lewis, Keyron, Kah, Lindah, Shuster, David L., Simon, Justin I., Gasnault, Olivier, Wiens, Roger, Maurice, Sylvestre, Stack, Kathryn, Farley, Kenneth A., Department of Earth Science and Engineering [Imperial College London], Imperial College London, Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences [Pasadena], California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géosciences [UMR_C 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Nantes université - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (Nantes univ - UFR ST), Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Joanneum Research, Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Purdue University, Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Centre de biophysique moléculaire (CBM), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The University of Tennessee [Knoxville], Berkeley Geochronology Center (BGC), Center for Isotope Cosmochemistry and Geochronology, NASA Johnson Space, and Europlanet
Subjects: [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences
Abstract: International audience; NASA’s Mars 2020 Perseverance rover mission is seeking signs of ancient life in Jezero crater and is collecting a cache of Martian rock and soil samples for planned return to Earth by a future mission. A key exploration target for the mission is a prominent sedimentary fan deposit at the western margin of Jezero crater that has been interpretated to be a river delta that built into an ancient lake basin during the Late Noachian-Early Hesperian epochs on Mars (~3.6-3.8 Ga) [1, 2]. Long distance observations of a remnant butte (informally named Kodiak) related to the western fan demonstrated that it comprised two distinct Gilbert-type delta units [2, 3].In her approach to the western fan, Perseverance drove alongside the east-facing scarp of the western fan and arrived at a key location called Three Forks - a setting off point for delta exploration - in April 2022. Images from the Mastcam-Z and SuperCam Remote Micro-Imager instrumentsprovide new views of the stratigraphy exposed in the erosional front of the western Jezero delta; in particular, showing sections of the delta previously not visible from long distance observations and at much higher resolution. These observations provide the first direct evidence of delta geometries in the main western fan deposit. Here, we report its stratigraphy and sedimentology, which providenew constraints on the nature of the fan deposits, and therefore paleoenvironmental implications.
Published: 2022

39. Exploration of Enceladus and Titan: investigating ocean worlds’ evolution and habitability in the Saturn system

Author: Giuseppe Mitri, Jason Barnes, Athena Coustenis, Enrico Flamini, Alexander Hayes, Ralph D. Lorenz, Marco Mastrogiuseppe, Roberto Orosei, Frank Postberg, Kim Reh, Jason M. Soderblom, Christophe Sotin, Gabriel Tobie, Paolo Tortora, Veronique Vuitton, Peter Wurz, ITA, USA, FRA, DEU, CHE, Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), University of Idaho [Moscow, USA], Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI), Department of Astronomy [Ithaca], Cornell University [New York], Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences [Pasadena], California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Istituto di Radioastronomia [Bologna] (IRA), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik (MPIK), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Mitri G., Barnes J., Coustenis A., Flamini E., Hayes A., Lorenz R.D., Mastrogiuseppe M., Orosei R., Postberg F., Reh K., Soderblom J.M., Sotin C., Tobie G., Tortora P., Vuitton V., and Wurz P.
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 520 Astronomy, [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Astronomy and Astrophysics, Ocean world, 620 Engineering, 01 natural sciences, Voyage 2050, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, 14. Life underwater, Enceladu, Titan, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: We present a White Paper with a science theme concept of ocean world evolution and habitability proposed in response to ESA’s Voyage 2050 Call with a focus on Titan and Enceladus in the Saturn system. Ocean worlds in the outer Solar System that possess subsurface liquid water oceans are considered to be prime targets for extra-terrestrial life and offer windows into Solar System evolution and habitability. The Cassini-Huygens mission to the Saturn system (2004–2017) revealed Titan with its organic-rich evolving world with terrestrial features and Enceladus with its active aqueous environment to be ideal candidates to investigate ocean world evolution and habitability. Additionally, this White Paper presents a baseline for a multiple flyby mission with a focused payload as an example of how ocean world evolution and habitability in the Saturn system could be investigated building on the heritage of the Cassini-Huygens mission and complementing the recently selected NASA Dragonfly mission.
Published: 2021

40. Uranus Pathfinder: exploring the origins and evolution of Ice Giant planets

Author: Abigail Rymer, S. Kemble, Elias Roussos, Sebastien Hess, Benoît Noyelles, Imke de Pater, Nick Sergis, Glyn Collinson, Stas Barabash, Ravit Helled, Jared Leisner, Chris S. Arridge, Nicholas A Teanby, Baptiste Cecconi, Andy F. Cheng, Norbert Krupp, Andrew Bacon, Joachim Saur, Yves Langevin, Andrew Fazakerley, Steve Miller, Jaques Gustin, Matthew S. Tiscareno, Christopher T. Russell, Mathieu Barthelemy, Nadine Nettelmann, Richard Holme, Philippe Zarka, Ingo Müller-Wodarg, Apostolos A. Christou, Andrew J. Coates, Robert Ebert, Thomas P. Andert, Olivier Mousis, Sandrine Vinatier, Paul M. Schenk, Gerald Schubert, Laurent Lamy, Michael Guest, Craig B. Agnor, Régis Courtin, Daniel Gautier, Jan-Erik Wahlund, Cesar Bertucci, Ulrich R. Christensen, Pontus Brandt, Javier Martin-Torres, Adam Masters, Don Banfield, Silvia Tellmann, Elizabeth P. Turtle, Matthew M. Hedman, Frank Sohl, Mark Hofstadter, Leigh N. Fletcher, Özgür Karatekin, Chris Paranicas, Kunio M. Sayanagi, Nicolas André, Agustín Sánchez-Lavega, Tom Stallard, Kevin H. Baines, Eric Quémerais, Martin Pätzold, Supriya Chakrabarti, Marina Galand, L. Peacocke, Pierre Henri, John F. Cooper, Gabriel Tobie, Marta Entradas, Nicholas Achilleos, Michele K. Dougherty, Renée Prangé, C. P. Chaloner, Henrik Melin, Geraint H. Jones, Jonathan J. Fortney, Edward C. Sittler, Mullard Space Science Laboratory (MSSL), University College of London [London] (UCL), School of Physics and Astronomy [London], Queen Mary University of London (QMUL), Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] (AOPP), University of Oxford [Oxford], Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Univers, Transport, Interfaces, Nanostructures, Atmosphère et environnement, Molécules (UMR 6213) (UTINAM), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), University of Rostock [Germany], Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics [Los Angeles] (IGPP), University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), University of California-University of California, Department of Physics and Astronomy [Leicester], University of Leicester, Cornell University, Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique UMR6112 (LPG), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université d'Angers (UA), Astrium [Stevenage], EADS - European Aeronautic Defense and Space, Department of Physics and Astronomy [UCL London], Universität der Bundeswehr München [Neubiberg], Swedish Institute of Space Physics [Uppsala] (IRF), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio [Buenos Aires] (IAFE), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Center for Space Physics [Boston] (CSP), Boston University [Boston] (BU), Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Armagh Observatory [Armagh], NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, Southwest Research Institute [San Antonio] (SwRI), Department of Science and Technology Studies [London] (STS), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California, Laboratoire de Physique Atmosphérique et Planétaire (LPAP), Université de Liège, Department of Earth and Space Sciences [Los Angeles], University of Colorado [Boulder], School of Environmental Sciences [Liverpool], University of Liverpool, Royal Observatory of Belgium [Brussels], University of Iowa [Iowa City], Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), Space Research Centre [Leicester], Fondation Universitaire Notre Dame de la Paix (FUNDP), Facultés Universitaires Notre-Dame de la Paix, Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides (IMCCE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Astronomy [Berkeley], University of California [Berkeley], Rhenish Institute for Environmental Research (RIU), University of Cologne, HEPPI - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Institute for Geophysics and Meteorology [Köln] (IGM), Lunar and Planetary Institute [Houston] (LPI), Office for Space Research and Applications [Athens], Academy of Athens, DLR Institute of Planetary Research, German Aerospace Center (DLR), School of Earth Sciences [Bristol], University of Bristol [Bristol], Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Oxford, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), University of Rostock, University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Cornell University [New York], Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique [UMR 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG ), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), University of California (UC), Royal Observatory of Belgium [Brussels] (ROB), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Facultés Universitaires Notre Dame de la Paix (FUNDP), University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), HELIOS - LATMOS, Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA, Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Universität der Bundeswehr München [Neubiberg] = Bundeswehr University, Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC)-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Observatoire de Paris, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Mullard Space Science Laboratory ( MSSL ), University College of London [London] ( UCL ), Queen Mary University of London ( QMUL ), Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements ( CESR ), Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées ( OMP ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Jet Propulsion Laboratory ( JPL ), NASA-California Institute of Technology ( CALTECH ), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] ( AOPP ), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique ( LESIA ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale ( IAS ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Univers, Transport, Interfaces, Nanostructures, Atmosphère et environnement, Molécules ( UTINAM ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics [Los Angeles] ( IGPP ), University of California at Los Angeles [Los Angeles] ( UCLA ), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique de Nantes ( LPGN ), Université de Nantes ( UN ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Swedish Institute of Space Physics [Uppsala] ( IRF ), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble ( IPAG ), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble ( OSUG ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ) -Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Instituto de Astronomia y Fisica del Espacio ( IAFE ), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas ( CONICET ) -Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires], Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] ( APL ), Center for Space Physics [Boston] ( CSP ), Boston University [Boston] ( BU ), Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research ( MPS ), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center ( GSFC ), Southwest Research Institute [San Antonio] ( SwRI ), Department of Science and Technology Studies [London] ( STS ), University of California [Santa Cruz] ( UCSC ), Laboratoire de Physique Atmosphérique et Planétaire ( LPAP ), University of Colorado Boulder [Boulder], University of Iowa [Iowa], Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] ( CAB ), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial ( INTA ) -Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] ( CSIC ), Fondation Universitaire Notre Dame de la Paix ( FUNDP ), Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides ( IMCCE ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Astronomy Department [Berkeley], Rhenish Institute for Environmental Research ( RIU ), Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales ( LATMOS ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea ( UPV/EHU ), Institute for Geophysics and Meteorology [Köln] ( IGM ), Lunar and Planetary Institute [Houston] ( LPI ), and German Aerospace Center ( DLR )
Subjects: Solar System, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [PHYS.ASTR.EP]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Ciencias Físicas, Uranus, [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], interior, Natural satellite, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Astrobiology, Ice Giant, Orbiter, Neptune, Planet, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, ICE GIANT, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], natural satellite, ice giants, Nice model, Giant planet atmosphere, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Planetary system, [ SDU.ASTR.EP ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Ring system, Dynamo, Astronomía, [ PHYS.ASTR.EP ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], URANUS, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Exploration of Uranus, Magnetosphere, GIANT PLANET ATMOSPHERE, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], ORBITER, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, Ice giant
Abstract: The “Ice Giants” Uranus and Neptune are a different class of planet compared to Jupiter and Saturn. Studying these objects is important for furthering our understanding of the formation and evolution of the planets, and unravelling the fundamental physical and chemical processes in the Solar System. The importance of filling these gaps in our knowledge of the Solar System is particularly acute when trying to apply our understanding to the numerous planetary systems that have been discovered around other stars. The Uranus Pathfinder (UP) mission thus represents the quintessential aspects of the objectives of the European planetary community as expressed in ESA’s Cosmic Vision 2015–2025. UP was proposed to the European Space Agency’s M3 call for medium-class missions in 2010 and proposed to be the first orbiter of an Ice Giant planet. As the most accessible Ice Giant within the M-class mission envelope Uranus was identified as the mission target. Although not selected for this call the UP mission concept provides a baseline framework for the exploration of Uranus with existing low-cost platforms and underlines the need to develop power sources suitable for the outer Solar System. The UP science case is based around exploring the origins, evolution, and processes at work in Ice Giant planetary systems. Three broad themes were identified: (1) Uranus as an Ice Giant, (2) An Ice Giant planetary system, and (3) An asymmetric magnetosphere. Due to the long interplanetary transfer from Earth to Uranus a significant cruise-phase science theme was also developed. The UP mission concept calls for the use of a Mars Express/Rosetta-type platform to launch on a Soyuz–Fregat in 2021 and entering into an eccentric polar orbit around Uranus in the 2036–2037 timeframe. The science payload has a strong heritage in Europe and beyond and requires no significant technology developments. Fil: Arridge, Christopher S.. University College London; Estados Unidos Fil: Agnor, Craig B.. Queen Mary University of London; Reino Unido Fil: Andre, Nicolas. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia Fil: Baines, Kevin H.. National Aeronautics And Space Administration; Estados Unidos Fil: Fletcher, Leigh N.. University of Oxford; Reino Unido Fil: Gautier, Daniel. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique. Observatoire de Paris; Francia Fil: Hofstadter, Mark D.. National Aeronautics And Space Administration; Estados Unidos Fil: Jones, Geraint H.. University College London; Estados Unidos Fil: Lamy, Laurent. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique. Observatoire de Paris; Francia Fil: Langevin, Yves. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia Fil: Mousis, Olivier. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia Fil: Nettelmann, Nadine. Universitat Rostock; Alemania Fil: Russell, Christopher T.. University of California at Los Angeles; Estados Unidos Fil: Stallard, Tom. University of Leicester; Reino Unido Fil: Tiscareno, Matthew S.. Cornell University; Estados Unidos Fil: Tobie, Gabriel. Centre de Recherche de Nantes; Francia Fil: Bacon, Andrew. Systems Engineering and Asssessment Ltd; Reino Unido Fil: Chaloner, Chris. Systems Engineering and Asssessment Ltd; Reino Unido Fil: Guest, Michael. Systems Engineering and Asssessment Ltd; Reino Unido Fil: Kemble, Steve. Astrium; Reino Unido Fil: Peacocke, Lisa. Astrium; Reino Unido Fil: Achilleos, Nicholas. University College London; Estados Unidos Fil: Andert, Thomas P.. Universität der Bundeswehr; Alemania Fil: Banfield, Don. Cornell University; Estados Unidos Fil: Barabash, Stas. Sweden Institute of Space Physics; Suecia Fil: Barthelemy, Matthieu. Universite Joseph Fourier; Francia Fil: Bertucci, Cesar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciónes Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio. - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio; Argentina Fil: Brandt, Pontus. University Johns Hopkins; Estados Unidos Fil: Cecconi, Baptiste. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique. Observatoire de Paris; Francia Fil: Chakrabarti, Supriya. Boston University; Estados Unidos
Published: 2012

41. The Martian Atmospheric Boundary Layer

Author: L. P. H. T. Rogberg, Stephen R. Lewis, Anthony D. Toigo, Søren Ejling Larsen, T. Siili, Boris Galperin, Arakel Petrosyan, Anni Määttänen, Luis Vázquez, Hannu Savijärvi, Peter L. Read, Nilton O. Renno, Aymeric Spiga, Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences ( IKI ), Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] ( RAS ), College of Marine Science [St Petersburg, FL], University of South Florida ( USF ), Risø National Laboratory, Technical University of Denmark [Lyngby] ( DTU ), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Milton Keynes], The Open University [Milton Keynes] ( OU ), IMPEC - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales ( LATMOS ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] ( AOPP ), University of Oxford [Oxford], Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Space Sciences [Ann Arbor] ( AOSS ), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], Department of Physics [Helsinki], University of Helsinki [Helsinki], Finnish Meteorological Institute ( FMI ), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace ( IPSL ), École normale supérieure - Paris ( ENS Paris ) -Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales ( CNES ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) ( LMD ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -École polytechnique ( X ) -École des Ponts ParisTech ( ENPC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris ( ENS Paris ) -École normale supérieure - Paris ( ENS Paris ), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] ( APL ), Departamento de Matemática Aplicada [Madrid] ( DMA ), Universidad Complutense de Madrid [Madrid] ( UCM ), Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IKI), Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), University of South Florida [Tampa] (USF), Danish Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] (AOPP), University of Oxford, Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Space Sciences [Ann Arbor] (AOSS), University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Falculty of Science [Helsinki], Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Departamento de Matemática Aplicada [Madrid] (DMA), Universidad Complutense de Madrid = Complutense University of Madrid [Madrid] (UCM), University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [PHYS.ASTR.EP]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Planetary boundary layer, [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Mars, Exploration of Mars, 01 natural sciences, Atmosphere, Martian surface, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Martian, Spacecraft, business.industry, Mathematics::History and Overview, Geophysics, Mars Exploration Program, [ SDU.ASTR.EP ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Boundary layer, [ PHYS.ASTR.EP ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], 13. Climate action, Physics::Space Physics, Environmental science, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, business
Abstract: The planetary boundary layer (PBL) represents the part of the atmosphere that is strongly influenced by the presence of the underlying surface and mediates the key interactions between the atmosphere and the surface. On Mars, this represents the lowest 10 km of the atmosphere during the daytime. This portion of the atmosphere is extremely important, both scientifically and operationally, because it is the region within which surface lander spacecraft must operate and also determines exchanges of heat, momentum, dust, water, and other tracers between surface and subsurface reservoirs and the free atmosphere. To date, this region of the atmosphere has been studied directly, by instrumented lander spacecraft, and from orbital remote sensing, though not to the extent that is necessary to fully constrain its character and behavior. Current data strongly suggest that as for the Earth's PBL, classical Monin-Obukhov similarity theory applies reasonably well to the Martian PBL under most conditions, though with some intriguing differences relating to the lower atmospheric density at the Martian surface and the likely greater role of direct radiative heating of the atmosphere within the PBL itself. Most of the modeling techniques used for the PBL on Earth are also being applied to the Martian PBL, including novel uses of very high resolution large eddy simulation methods. We conclude with those aspects of the PBL that require new measurements in order to constrain models and discuss the extent to which anticipated missions to Mars in the near future will fulfill these requirements. Copyright 2011 by the American Geophysical Union.
Published: 2011

42. The Mastcam-Z Radiometric Calibration Targets on NASA's Perseverance Rover: Derived Irradiance Time-Series, Dust Deposition, and Performance over the First 350 Sols on Mars

Author: M. Merusi, K. B. Kinch, M. B. Madsen, J. F. Bell, J. N. Maki, A. G. Hayes, J. Joseph, J. R. Johnson, M. Rice, E. A. Cloutis, D. Applin, M. T. Lemmon, A. F. Vaughan, J. I. Núñez, E. Jensen, J. Z. Kristensen, K. Paris, E. Cisneros, M. R. Kennedy, O. Gasnault, Niels Bohr Institute [Copenhagen] (NBI), Faculty of Science [Copenhagen], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), ASU School of Earth and Space Exploration (SESE), Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Department of Astronomy, Cornell University, Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Geology Department, Western Washington University, Western Washington University (WWU), Department of Geography [Winnipeg], University of Winnipeg, Space Science Institute [Boulder] (SSI), United States Geological Survey (USGS), School of Earth and Space Exploration [Tempe] (SESE), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Environmental Science (miscellaneous)
Abstract: The Mastcam-Z radiometric calibration targets mounted on the NASA's Perseverance rover proved to be effective in the calibration of Mastcam-Z images to reflectance (I/F) over the first 350 sols on Mars. Mastcam-Z imaged the calibration targets regularly to perform reflectance calibration on multispectral image sets of targets on the Martian surface. For each calibration target image, mean radiance values were extracted for 41 distinct regions of the targets, including patches of color and grayscale materials. Eight strong permanent magnets, placed under the primary target, attracted magnetic dust and repelled it from central surfaces, allowing the extraction of radiance values from eight regions relatively clean from dust. These radiances were combined with reflectances obtained from laboratory measurements, a one-term linear fit model was applied, and the slopes of the fits were retrieved as estimates of the solar irradiance and used to convert Mastcam-Z images from radiance to reflectance. Derived irradiance time series are smoothly varying in line with expectations based on the changing Mars-Sun distance, being only perturbed by a few significant dust events. The deposition of dust on the calibration targets was largely concentrated on the magnets, ensuring a minimal influence of dust on the calibration process. The fraction of sunlight directly hitting the calibration targets was negatively correlated with the atmospheric optical depth, as expected. Further investigation will aim at explaining the origin of a small offset observed in the fit model employed for calibration, and the causes of a yellowing effect affecting one of the calibration targets materials.
Published: 2022

43. Classification of chemcam passive spectral targets in gale crater

Author: Manelski, H, Sheppard, R, Fraeman, A, Johnson, J, Wiens, R, Lanza, N, Frydenvang, J, Gasnault, Olivier, Columbia University [New York], Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Lunar and Planetary Institute
Subjects: [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

44. The detection of spectral signatures with IRS/SuperCam, Perseverance rover: instrument performance

Author: Royer, C., Fouchet, T., Montmessin, Franck, Poulet, F., Forni, O., Johnson, J., Gasnault, Olivier, Mandon, L., Quantin- Nataf, C., Wiens, R., Beck, P., Ollila, A., Pilorget, Cédric, Bernardi, P., Reess, J.-M, Newell, R., Maurice, Sylvestre, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France, and Lunar and Planetary Institute
Subjects: [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

45. Infrared Reflectance of Rocks and Regolith at Jezero Crater: One Year of SuperCam Observations

Author: Mandon, L., Quantin-Nataf, C., Royer, C., Beck, P., Fouchet, T., Johnson, J. R., Forni, O., Montmessin, Franck, Pilorget, C., Poulet, F., Le Mouélic, S., Dehouck, E., Beyssac, O., Brown, A., Tarnas, J., Maurice, S., Wiens, R. C., Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France, Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géosciences [UMR_C 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Nantes université - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (Nantes univ - UFR ST), Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Plancius Research LLC, Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), and Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL)
Subjects: [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]
Abstract: International audience; We present the initial results of the SuperCam IR spectrometer, with data collected on rocks and soils present in the vicinity of the rover.
Published: 2022

46. Composition and density stratification observed by supercam in the first 300 sols in Jezero crater

Author: Wiens, R.C., Udry, A., Mangold, N., Beyssac, O., Quantin, C., Sautter, V., Cousin, A., Brown, A., Bosak, T., Mandon, L., Forni, O., Johnson, J.R., Mclennan, S., Legett, C., Maurice, S., Mayhew, L., Crumpler, L., Anderson, R.B., Clegg, S.M., Ollila, A.M., Hall, J., Meslin, P.-Y., Kah, L.C., Gabriel, T.S.J., Gasda, P., Simon, J.I., Hausrath, E.M., Horgan, B., Poulet, F., Beck, P., Gupta, S., Chide, B., Clavé, E., Connell, S., Dehouck, E., Dromart, G., Fouchet, T., Royer, C., Frydenvang, J., Gasnault, Olivier, Gibbons, E., Kalucha, H., Lanza, N., Lasue, J., Mouelic, S. Le, Leveillé, R., Cloutis, E., Reyes, G. Lopez, Arana, G., Castro, K., Madariaga, J.M., Manrique, J.-A., Pilorget, C., Pinet, P., Laserna, J., Sharma, S.K., Acosta-Maeda, T., Kelly, E., Montmessin, Franck, Fischer, W., Francis, R., Stack, K., Farley, K., Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Purdue University [West Lafayette], Plancius Research LLC, Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géosciences [UMR_C 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Nantes université - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (Nantes univ - UFR ST), Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY), University of Colorado [Boulder], New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science (NMMNHS), United States Geological Survey (USGS), The University of Tennessee [Knoxville], NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC), NASA, University of Nevada [Las Vegas] (WGU Nevada), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Imperial College London, Université de Bordeaux (UB), University of Winnipeg, Université de Lyon, Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Universidad de Valladolid [Valladolid] (UVa), University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Universidad de Málaga [Málaga] = University of Málaga [Málaga], University of Hawaii, PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), and pinet, patrick
Subjects: [SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics], jezero crater, [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], perseverance in situ exploration, [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], [SDU.ASTR.EP] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], supercam, [SDU.STU.PL] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, mars geology, mineralogy, petrology
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

47. Visible wavelength spectroscopy (400-1020 nm) of surface materials at jezero crater, mars, from supercam and mastcam-z

Author: Johnson, J., Leget, C., Wiens, R., Newell R., T., Cloutis, E., Forni, O., Beck, P., Pinet, P.C., Mandon, L., Poulet, F., Mcconnochie, T., Maurice, S., Bell J., F., Rice, M., Horgan, B., Kinch, K., Hayes, A., Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), University of Winnipeg, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Space Science Institute [Boulder] (SSI), Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Western Washington University (WWU), Purdue University [West Lafayette], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Cornell University [New York], and Mars-2020
Subjects: spectroscopy, [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], rover, visible spectroscopy, [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], mars in situ exploration
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

48. Modal Mineralogy of Seitah Unit in Jezero Crater (Mars) Retrieved from Nonlinear Unmixing Analyses of IRS/SUPERCAM

Author: Poulet, F., Royer, C., Beck, P., Mandon, L., Quantin-Nataf, C., Johnson, J. R., Beyssac, O., Forni, O., Cousin, A., Montmessin, Franck, Pilorget, C., Le Mouélic, S., Dehouck, E., Brown, A., Tarnas, J., Benzerara, K., Fouchet, T., Maurice, S., Wiens, R. C., Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géosciences [UMR_C 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Nantes université - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (Nantes univ - UFR ST), Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Plancius Research LLC, Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), and Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL)
Subjects: [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP]
Abstract: International audience; We present the modal mineralogy of the olivine-rich, carbonate-bearing rocks observed in Jezero Crater retrieved from IRS/Supercam data.
Published: 2022

49. Crustal and time-varying magnetic fields at the InSight landing site on Mars

Author: Christopher T. Russell, Matthew Fillingim, Sabine Stanley, Lu Pan, Benoit Langlais, William B. Banerdt, Peter Chi, Catherine L. Johnson, Chloé Michaut, Aymeric Spiga, Philippe Lognonné, Don Banfield, François Forget, Veronique Ansan, Steve Joy, Yanan Yu, Mark A. Wieczorek, Anna Mittelholz, Suzanne E. Smrekar, Shea N. Thorne, C. Quantin-Nataf, Matthew P. Golombek, H. Haviland, Xinping Liu, Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences [Vancouver] (UBC EOAS), University of British Columbia (UBC), Planetary Science Institute [Tucson] (PSI), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique [UMR 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences [Los Angeles] (EPSS), University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), University of California-University of California, Cornell University [New York], Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA., Space Sciences Laboratory [Berkeley] (SSL), University of California [Berkeley], Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA, Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA, Morton K. Blaustein Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences [Baltimore], Johns Hopkins University (JHU), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), InSight Project at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA) InSight Participating Scientist Program Canadian Space Agency Centre National D'etudes Spatiales Green Foundation for Earth Sciences during leave at the Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, Scripps Institution of Oceanography (2019-2020), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Martian, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Field (physics), MANTLE, Mars Exploration Program, Geophysics, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Physics::Geophysics, Magnetic field, Atmosphere, Magnetization, Solar wind, ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], 13. Climate action, Physics::Space Physics, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, MOON, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Dynamo
Abstract: Magnetic fields provide a window into a planet’s interior structure and evolution, including its atmospheric and space environments. Satellites at Mars have measured crustal magnetic fields indicating an ancient dynamo. These crustal fields interact with the solar wind to generate transient fields and electric currents in Mars’s upper atmosphere. Surface magnetic field data play a key role in understanding these effects and the dynamo. Here we report measurements of magnetic field strength and direction at the InSight (Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy and Heat Transport) landing site on Mars. We find that the field is ten times stronger than predicted by satellite-based models. We infer magnetized rocks beneath the surface, within ~150 km of the landing site, consistent with a past dynamo with Earth-like strength. Geological mapping and InSight seismic data suggest that much or all of the magnetization sources are carried in basement rocks, which are at least 3.9 billion years old and are overlain by between 200 m and ~10 km of lava flows and modified ancient terrain. Daily variations in the magnetic field indicate contributions from ionospheric currents at 120 km to 180 km altitude. Higher-frequency variations are also observed; their origin is unknown, but they probably propagate from even higher altitudes to the surface. We propose that the time-varying fields can be used to investigate the electrical conductivity structure of the martian interior. The magnetic field measured by the InSight lander on Mars varies daily and is ten times stronger than expected. The field is inferred to originate from components of basement rocks magnetized by an ancient dynamo of Earth-like strength.
Published: 2020

50. Investigation of the homogeneity of energy conversion processes at dipolarization fronts from MMS measurements

Author: S. W. Alqeeq, O. Le Contel, P. Canu, A. Retinò, T. Chust, L. Mirioni, L. Richard, Y. Aït-Si-Ahmed, A. Alexandrova, A. Chuvatin, N. Ahmadi, S. M. Baraka, R. Nakamura, F. D. Wilder, D. J. Gershman, P. A. Lindqvist, Yu. V. Khotyaintsev, R. E. Ergun, J. L. Burch, R. B. Torbert, C. T. Russell, W. Magnes, R. J. Strangeway, K. R. Bromund, H. Wei, F. Plaschke, B. J. Anderson, B. L. Giles, S. A. Fuselier, Y. Saito, B. Lavraud, Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas (LPP), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École polytechnique (X)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Swedish Institute of Space Physics [Uppsala] (IRF), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Uppsala], Uppsala University, Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] (LASP), University of Colorado [Boulder], National Institute of Aerospace [Hampton] (NIA), Institut für Weltraumforschung = Space Research institute [Graz] (IWF), Osterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften (ÖAW), University of Texas at Arlington [Arlington], NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Royal Institute of Technology [Stockholm] (KTH ), Southwest Research Institute [San Antonio] (SwRI), Space Science Center & Department of Physics, University of New Hampshire (UNH), Department of Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences [Los Angeles] (EPSS), University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency [Sagamihara] (JAXA), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-PLASM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Plasma Physics [physics.plasm-ph], Condensed Matter Physics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience; We report on six dipolarization fronts (DFs) embedded in fast earthward ﬂows detected by the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission during asubstorm event on 23 July 2017. We analyzed Ohm’s law for each event and found that ions are mostly decoupled from the magnetic ﬁeld byHall ﬁelds. However, the electron pressure gradient term is also contributing to the ion decoupling and likely responsible for an electrondecoupling at DF. We also analyzed the energy conversion process and found that the energy in the spacecraft frame is transferred from theelectromagnetic ﬁeld to the plasma (J E > 0) ahead or at the DF, whereas it is the opposite (J E < 0) behind the front. This reversal ismainly due to a local reversal of the cross-tail current indicating a substructure of the DF. In the ﬂuid frame, we found that the energy ismostly transferred from the plasma to the electromagnetic ﬁeld (J E0 < 0) and should contribute to the deceleration of the fast ﬂow.However, we show that the energy conversion process is not homogeneous at the electron scales due to electric ﬁeld ﬂuctuations likely relatedto lower-hybrid drift waves. Our results suggest that the role of DF in the global energy cycle of the magnetosphere still deserves more investigation. In particular, statistical studies on DF are required to be carried out with caution due to these electron scale substructures.
Published: 2022

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