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2. Post-mortem investigation of deaths due to pneumonia in children aged 1–59 months in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia from 2016 to 2022: an observational study

Author

Adam, Yasmin, Agaya, Janet, Ahmed, A.S.M. Nawshad Uddin, Ahmed, Dilruba, Alemu, Addisu, Ali, Solomon, Ameh, Soter, Aol, George, Argeseanu, Solveig, Ariuman, Farida, Balogun, Oluseyi, Bari, Sanwarul, Basket, Margaret, Begum, Ferdousi, Bhandari, Manu, Blevins, John, Bunn, James, Bursuc, Courtney, Cain, Carrie Jo, Chawana, Richard, Chawla, Kiranpreet, Chukwuegbo, Cornell, Diarra, Kounandji, Diarra, Tiéman, Diaz, Maureen, Duduyemi, Babatunde, Fairchild, Karen D., Flora, Meerjady Sabrina, Fritz, Ashleigh, Garel, Mischka, Gaume, Brigitte, Gizaw, Mahlet Abayneh, Govender, Nelesh P., Greene, Carol L., Gure, Tadesse, Halu, Binyam, Hoque, Mahbubul, Hwinya, Cleopas, Ibrahim, Alexander M., Igunza, Kitiezo Aggrey, Islam, Ferdousi, Ita, Okokon, Jambai, Amara, Johnson, J. Kristie, Juma, Jane, Kaluma, Erick, Kamal, Mohammed, Kaykay, Osman, Kenneh, Sartie, Khagayi, Sammy, Koka, Rima, Kone, Diakaridia, Koplan, Jeffrey P., Kourouma, Nana, Kowuor, Dickens, LaHatte, Kristin, Lala, Sanjay G., Lee, Kyu Han, Liu, Lucy, Lombaard, Hennie, Maixenchs, Maria, Manhique, Zara, Mannah, Margaret, Martines, Roosecelis, Mash, Ronald, Mehta, Ashka, Menéndez, Clara, Misore, Thomas, Mocumbi, Sibone, Moseray, Andrew, Moses, Francis, Muga, Christopher, Munguambe, Khátia, Myburgh, Nellie, Nair, Shailesh, Ndagurwa, Pedzisai, Nhacolo, Ariel, Nhampossa, Tacilta, Nwajiobi, Princewill, Ochola, Christine, Oliech, Richard, Oluoch, Bernard, Onwuchekwa, Uma U., Onyango, Peter Nyamthimba, Orlien, Stian MS, Otieno, Peter, Oundo, Joseph, Owuor, Harun, Parveen, Shahana, Petersen, Karen, Pratt, Samuel, Rahman, Mahbubur, Rahman, Mohammad Mosiur, Rahman, Mustafizur, Raymer, Sarah, Ritter, Jana, Salzberg, Navit T., Samura, Solomon, Sannoh, Sulaiman, Sanogo, Doh, Seppeh, Martin, Sesay, Tom, Sesay, Joseph Kamanda, Shirin, Tahmina, Sissoko, Seydou, Smart, Francis, Sorour, Gillian, Squire, James, Swaray-Deen, Alim, Swart, Peter J., Tarawally, Fatmata Bintu, Tasnim, Saria, Temesgen, Fikremelekot, Tennant, Sharon M., Traore, Cheick Bougadari, Traore, Awa, Velaphi, Sithembiso, Vyas, Kurt, Wadhwa, Ashutosh, Wadula, Jeannette, Waller, Jessica, Wanga, Valentine, Warang, Shamta, Were, Joyce Akinyi, Wilson, Tais, Winchell, Jonas, Wise, Amy, Witherbee, Jakob, Yeshi, Melisachew Mulatu, Zaman, K., Mahtab, Sana, Blau, Dianna M, Madewell, Zachary J, Ogbuanu, Ikechukwu, Ojulong, Julius, Lako, Sandra, Legesse, Hailemariam, Bangura, Joseph S, Bassat, Quique, Mandomando, Inacio, Xerinda, Elisio, Fernandes, Fabiola, Varo, Rosauro, Sow, Samba O, Kotloff, Karen L, Tapia, Milagritos D, Keita, Adama Mamby, Sidibe, Diakaridia, Onyango, Dickens, Akelo, Victor, Gethi, Dickson, Verani, Jennifer R, Revathi, Gunturu, Scott, J Anthony G, Assefa, Nega, Madrid, Lola, Bizuayehu, Hiwot, Tirfe, Tseyon Tesfaye, El Arifeen, Shams, Gurley, Emily S, Islam, Kazi Munisul, Alam, Muntasir, Zahid Hossain, Mohammad, Dangor, Ziyaad, Baillie, Vicky L, Hale, Martin, Mutevedzi, Portia, Breiman, Robert F, Whitney, Cynthia G, and Madhi, Shabir A

Published
2024
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3. Provider adherence to clinical care recommendations for infants and children who died in seven low- and middle-income countries in the Child Health and Mortality Prevention Surveillance (CHAMPS) network

Author

Solomon, Fatima, Sorour, Gillian, Lombaard, Hennie, Wadula, Jeannette, Petersen, Karen, Hale, Martin, Govender, Nelesh P., Swart, Peter J., Lala, Sanjay G., Velaphi, Sithembiso, Chawana, Richard, Adam, Yasmin, Wise, Amy, Fritz, Ashleigh, Myburgh, Nellie, Ndagurwa, Pedzisai, Hwinya, Cleopas, Bari, Sanwarul, Parveen, Shahana, Kamal, Mohammed, Uddin Ahmed, A.S.M. Nawshad, Hoque, Mahbubul, Tasnim, Saria, Islam, Ferdousi, Ariuman, Farida, Rahman, Mohammad Mosiur, Begum, Ferdousi, Zaman, K., Rahman, Mustafizur, Ahmed, Dilruba, Flora, Meerjady Sabrina, Shirin, Tahmina, Rahman, Mahbubur, Oundo, Joseph, Ibrahim, Alexander M., Temesgen, Fikremelekot, Gure, Tadesse, Alemu, Addisu, Yeshi, Melisachew Mulatu, Gizaw, Mahlet Abayneh, Orlien, Stian, Ali, Solomon, Otieno, Peter, Onyango, Peter Nyamthimba, Agaya, Janet, Oliech, Richard, Were, Joyce Akinyi, Gethi, Dickson, Khagayi, Sammy, Aol, George, Misore, Thomas, Owuor, Harun, Mugah, Christopher, Oluoch, Bernard, Ochola, Christine, Tennant, Sharon M., Greene, Carol L., Mehta, Ashka, Johnson, J. Kristie, Gaume, Brigitte, Koka, Rima, Fairchild, Karen D., Kone, Diakaridia, Sanogo, Doh, Onwuchekwa, Uma U., Kourouma, Nana, Sissoko, Seydou, Traore, Cheick Bougadari, Juma, Jane, Diarra, Kounandji, Traore, Awa, Diarra, Tiéman, Chawla, Kiranpreet, Nhampossa, Tacilta, Manhique, Zara, Mocumbi, Sibone, Menéndez, Clara, Munguambe, Khátia, Nhacolo, Ariel, Maixenchs, Maria, Moseray, Andrew, Tarawally, Fatmata Bintu, Seppeh, Martin, Mash, Ronald, Ojulong, Julius, Duduyemi, Babatunde, Bunn, James, Swaray-Deen, Alim, Bangura, Joseph, Jambai, Amara, Mannah, Margaret, Ita, Okokon, Chukwuegbo, Cornell, Sannoh, Sulaiman, Nwajiobi, Princewill, Kowuor, Dickens, Kaluma, Erick, Balogun, Oluseyi, Samura, Solomon, Pratt, Samuel, Moses, Francis, Sesay, Tom, Squire, James, Sesay, Joseph Kamanda, Kaykay, Osman, Halu, Binyam, Legesse, Hailemariam, Smart, Francis, Kenneh, Sartie, Ameh, Soter, Ritter, Jana, Wilson, Tais, Winchell, Jonas, Witherbee, Jakob, Salzberg, Navit T., Koplan, Jeffrey P., Basket, Margaret, Wadhwa, Ashutosh, Lee, Kyu Han, Wanga, Valentine, Martines, Roosecelis, Warang, Shamta, Diaz, Maureen, Waller, Jessica, Nair, Shailesh, Liu, Lucy, Bursuc, Courtney, LaHatte, Kristin, Raymer, Sarah, Blevins, John, Argeseanu, Solveig, Vyas, Kurt, Bhandari, Manu, Rees, Chris A., Igunza, Kitiezo Aggrey, Madewell, Zachary J., Akelo, Victor, Onyango, Dickens, El Arifeen, Shams, Gurley, Emily S., Hossain, Mohammad Zahid, Rahman, Afruna, Alam, Muntasir, Scott, J. Anthony G., Assefa, Nega, Madrid, Lola, Belachew, Anteneh, Leulseged, Haleluya, Kotloff, Karen L., Sow, Samba O., Tapia, Milagritos D., Keita, Adama Mamby, Sidibe, Diakaridia, Sitoe, Antonio, Varo, Rosauro, Ajanovic, Sara, Bassat, Quique, Mandomando, Inácio, Tippett Barr, Beth A., Ogbuanu, Ikechukwu, Cain, Carrie Jo, Bassey, Ima-Abasi, Luke, Ronita, Gassama, Khadija, Madhi, Shabir, Dangor, Ziyaad, Mahtab, Sana, du Toit, Jeanie, Mutevedzi, Portia C., Blau, Dianna M., Breiman, Robert F., and Whitney, Cynthia G.

Published
2023
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4. Contamination of Healthcare Worker Personal Protective Equipment with MRSA Outside the Intensive Care Unit Setting

Author

Nadimpalli, Gita, Pineles, Lisa, Lebherz, Karly, Johnson, J Kristie, Calfee, David, Miller, Loren, Morgan, Daniel, and Harris, Anthony

Subjects
Health Services and Systems, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Health Sciences, Clinical Research, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Health Services, Patient Safety, 2.2 Factors relating to the physical environment, Aetiology, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Medical and Health Sciences, Epidemiology, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences
Abstract

Background: Estimates of contamination of healthcare personnel (HCP) gloves and gowns with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) following interactions with colonized or infected patients range from 17% to 20%. Most studies were conducted in the intensive care unit (ICU) setting where patients had a recent positive clinical culture. The aim of this study was to determine the rate of MRSA transmission to HCP gloves and gown in non-ICU acute-care hospital units and to identify associated risk factors. Methods: Patients on contact precautions with history of MRSA colonization or infection admitted to non-ICU settings were randomly selected from electronic health records. We observed patient care activities and cultured the gloves and gowns of 10 HCP interactions per patient prior to doffing. Cultures from patients’ anterior nares, chest, antecubital fossa and perianal area were collected to quantify bacterial bioburden. Bacterial counts were log transformed. Results: We observed 55 patients (Fig. 1), and 517 HCP–patient interactions. Of the HCP–patient interactions, 16 (3.1%) led to MRSA contamination of HCP gloves, 18 (3.5%) led to contamination of HCP gown, and 28 (5.4%) led to contamination of either gloves or gown. In addition, 5 (12.8%) patients had a positive clinical or surveillance culture for MRSA in the prior 7 days. Nurses, physicians and technicians were grouped in “direct patient care”, and rest of the HCPs were included in “no direct care group.” Of 404 interactions, 26 (6.4%) of providers in the “direct patient care” group showed transmission of MRSA to gloves or gown in comparison to 2 of 113 (1.8%) interactions involving providers in the “no direct patient care” group (P = .05) (Fig. 2). The median MRSA bioburden was 0 log 10CFU/mL in the nares (range, 0–3.6), perianal region (range, 0–3.5), the arm skin (range, 0-0.3), and the chest skin (range, 0–6.2). Detectable bioburden on patients was negatively correlated with the time since placed on contact precautions (rs= −0.06; P < .001). Of 97 observations with detectable bacterial bioburden at any site, 9 (9.3%) resulted in transmission of MRSA to HCP in comparison to 11 (3.6%) of 310 observations with no detectable bioburden at all sites (P = .03). Conclusions: Transmission of MRSA to gloves or gowns of HCP caring for patients on contact precautions for MRSA in non-ICU settings was lower than in the ICU setting. More evidence is needed to help guide the optimal use of contact precautions for the right patient, in the right setting, for the right type of encounter. Funding: None Disclosures: None

Published
2020

5. Neural tube defects as a cause of death among stillbirths, infants, and children younger than 5 years in sub-Saharan Africa and southeast Asia: an analysis of the CHAMPS network

Author

Nawshad Uddin Ahmed, A.S.M., Hoque, Mahbubul, Kamal, Mohammed, Mosiur, Mohammad, Begum, Ferdousi, Tasnim, Saria, Flora, Meerjady Sabrina, Arjuman, Farida, Khan, Iqbal Ansary, Shirin, Tahmina, Rahman, Mahbubur, Bari, Sanwarul, Parveen, Shahana, Islam, Farzana, Hossain, Mohammad Zahid, Islam, Kazi Munisul, Ahmed, Mohammad Sabbir, Zaman, K, Rahman, Mustafizur, Ahmed, Dilruba, Chowdhury, Md Atique Iqbal, Alam, Muntasir, Lee, Kyu Han, Islam, Ferdousi, Oundo, Joseph O, Temesgen, Fikremelekot, Yeshi, Melisachew Mulatu, Ibrahim, Alexander M, Gure, Tadesse, Edris, Yunus, Alemu, Addisu, Marami, Dadi, Lemma, Ephrem, Mekonnen, Ayantu, Wale, Henok, Tesfaye, Tseyon, Leulseged, Haleluya, Dufera, Tadesse, Belachew, Anteneh, Getnet, Fentabil, Fentaw, Surafel, Acham, Yenework, Orlien, Stian MS, Abayneh Gizaw, Mahlet, Rogena, Emily, Murila, Florence, Revathi, Gunturu, Mitei, Paul K, Kuria, Magdalene, Verani, Jennifer R, Igunza, Aggrey, Nyamthimba, Peter, Oele, Elizabeth, Fairchild, Karen D, Greene, Carol L, Koka, Rima, Mehta, Ashka, Tennant, Sharon M, Johnson, J Kristie, Keita, Tatiana, Keita, Adama Mamby, Kourouma, Nana, Onwuchekwa, Uma U, Traore, Awa, Sanogo, Doh, Sidibe, Diakaridia, Sissoko, Seydou, Kone, Diakaridia, Kindcardett, Milton, Munguambe, Khátia, Nhacolo, Ariel, Nhampossa, Tacilta, Vitorino, Pio, Xerinda, Elisio, Bramugy, Justina, Monjane, Celso, Nhachungue, Sheila, Hurtado, Juan Carlos, Maixenchs, Maria, Menéndez, Clara, Ordi, Jaume, Rakislova, Natalia, Valente, Marta, Manhique, Zara, Chitungo, Dercio, Mocumbi, Sibone, Carrilho, Carla, Fernandes, Fabiola, Pass Philipsborn, Rebecca, Koplan, Jeffrey P, Garel, Mischka, Dewey, Betsy, Nair, Shailesh, Salzberg, Navit T, Liu, Lucy, Alkis-Ramirez, Rebecca, Ritter, Jana M, Zaki, Sherif R, Gary, Joy, Winchell, Jonas M, Witherbee, Jacob, Waller, Jessica L, Fayorsey, Ruby, Luke, Ronita, Bassey, Ima-Abasi, Kowuor, Dickens, Sesay, Foday, Kosia, Baindu, Pratt, Samuel, Cain, Carrie-Jo, Samura, Solomon, Solomon, Fatima, Fritz, Ashleigh, Dludlu, Noluthando, Ntuli, Constance, Chawana, Richard, Petersen, Karen, Lala, Sanjay G, Velaphi, Sithembiso, Wadula, Jeannette, Hale, Martin, Swart, Peter J, Lombaard, Hennie, Moosa, Rahima, Sorour, Gillian, Madrid, Lola, Vyas, Kartavya J, Kancherla, Vijaya, Suchdev, Parminder S, Bassat, Quique, Sow, Samba O, El Arifeen, Shams, Madhi, Shabir A, Onyango, Dickens, Ogbuanu, Ikechukwu, Scott, J Anthony G, Blau, Dianna, Mandomando, Inacio, Keita, Adama M, Gurley, Emily S, Mahtab, Sana, Akelo, Victor, Sannoh, Sulaiman, Tilahun, Yenenesh, Varo, Rosauro, Onwuchekwa, Uma, Rahman, Afruna, Adam, Yasmin, Omore, Richard, Lako, Sandra, Wise, Amy, Tippet-Barr, Beth A, Kaluma, Erick, Ajanovic, Sara, Kotloff, Karen L, Mutevedzi, Portia, Tapia, Milagritos D, Moses, Francis, Whitney, Cynthia G, and Assefa, Nega

Published
2023
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6. Distribution of serotypes and antibiotic resistance of invasive Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a multi-country collection

Author

Nasrin, Shamima, Hegerle, Nicolas, Sen, Shaichi, Nkeze, Joseph, Sen, Sunil, Permala-Booth, Jasnehta, Choi, Myeongjin, Sinclair, James, Tapia, Milagritos D., Johnson, J. Kristie, Sow, Samba O., Thaden, Joshua T., Fowler, Jr, Vance G., Krogfelt, Karen A., Brauner, Annelie, Protonotariou, Efthymia, Christaki, Eirini, Shindo, Yuichiro, Kwa, Andrea L., Shakoor, Sadia, Singh-Moodley, Ashika, Perovic, Olga, Jacobs, Jan, Lunguya, Octavie, Simon, Raphael, Cross, Alan S., and Tennant, Sharon M.

Published
2022
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8. Changes in use of multiplex respiratory panel testing during the COVID-19 pandemic

Author

Baghdadi, Jonathan D., Tung, Chih Chun, Johnson, J. Kristie, Morgan, Daniel J., and Harris, Anthony D.

Abstract

AbstractBackground:COVID-19 changed the epidemiology of community-acquired respiratory viruses. We explored patterns of respiratory viral testing to understand which tests are most clinically useful in the postpandemic era.Methods:We conducted a retrospective observational study of discharge data from PINC-AI (formerly Premier), a large administrative database. Use of multiplex nucleic acid amplification respiratory panels in acute care, including small (2–5 targets), medium (6–11), and large panels (>11), were compared between the early pandemic (03/2020–10/2020), late pandemic (11/2020–4/2021), and prepandemic respiratory season (11/2019 - 02/2020) using ANOVA.Results:A median of 160.5 facilities contributed testing data per quarter (IQR 155.5–169.5). Prepandemic, facilities averaged 103 respiratory panels monthly (sd 138), including 79 large (sd 126), 7 medium (sd 31), and 16 small panels (sd 73). Relative to prepandemic, utilization decreased during the early pandemic (62 panels monthly/facility; sd 112) but returned to the prepandemic baseline by the late pandemic (107 panels monthly/facility; sd 211). Relative to prepandemic, late pandemic testing involved more small panel use (58 monthly/facility, sd 156) and less large panel use (47 monthly/facility, sd 116). Comparisons among periods demonstrated significant differences in overall testing (P< 0.0001), large panel use (P< 0.0001), and small panel use (P< 0.0001).Conclusions:Postpandemic, clinical use of respiratory panel testing shifted from predominantly large panels to predominantly small panels. Factors driving this change may include resource availability, costs, and the clinical utility of targeting important pathogenic viruses instead of testing “for everything.”

Published
2024
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9. Improving Antibiotic Use for Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Through Diagnostic Stewardship: A Proof-of-Concept Mixed Methods Study.

Author

Tripathi, Ravi K, Kenaa, Blaine, Claeys, Kimberly C, Johnson, J Kristie, Patel, Meghana, Atkinson, Jayne, Maldarelli, Mary E, Newman, Michelle, and Leekha, Surbhi

Subjects
VENTILATOR-associated pneumonia, INTENSIVE care units, DRUG prescribing, OVERTREATMENT, PHYSICIAN services utilization
Abstract

Background Overtreatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in the intensive care unit is driven by positive respiratory tract cultures in the absence of a clinical picture of pneumonia. We evaluated the potential for diagnostic stewardship at the respiratory culture reporting step. Methods In this mixed methods study, we conducted a baseline evaluation of lower respiratory tract (LRT) culture appropriateness and antibiotic prescribing, followed by a nonrandomized intervention in 2 adult intensive care units. The intervention was a comment in the report to indicate potential colonization instead of organism identification when LRT cultures were inappropriate—that is, not meeting criteria for pneumonia as adjudicated by a physician using a standard algorithm. Results At baseline, among 66 inappropriate LRT cultures, antibiotic treatment for VAP was more frequent with identification of potential pathogens in the index culture when compared with no growth/normal flora (16/35 [46%] vs 7/31 [23%], P =.049). In the intervention period, 28 inappropriate cultures with growth of potential pathogens underwent report modification. The proportion of episodes for which antibiotic therapy for VAP was completed was significantly lower in the intervention group vs the baseline group (5/28 [18%] vs 16/35 [46%], P =.02). Conclusions Diagnostic stewardship for VAP could be facilitated by modification of LRT culture reporting guided by clinical features of pneumonia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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10. Rapid Spread and Control of Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria in COVID-19 Patient Care Units

Author

Patel, Ashka, Emerick, Michele, Cabunoc, Marie K., Williams, Michelle H., Preas, Michael Anne, Schrank, Gregory, Rabinowitz, Ronald, Luethy, Paul, Johnson, J. Kristie, and Leekha, Surbhi

Subjects
Control, Distribution, Prevention, Complications and side effects, Health aspects, Company distribution practices, Epidemics -- Distribution -- Prevention -- Complications and side effects -- United States, Microbial drug resistance -- Health aspects, Gram-negative bacteria -- Distribution -- Control, COVID-19 -- Distribution -- Prevention -- Complications and side effects, Drug resistance in microorganisms -- Health aspects
Abstract

Bacterial colonization and secondary infection have been described in patients hospitalized with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) (1,2). We report a single-center experience with spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) gram-negative bacteria (GNB) in [...]

Published
2021
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11. Initial findings from a novel population-based child mortality surveillance approach: a descriptive study

Author

Acácio, Sozinho, Adam, Yasmin, Ajanovic, Sara, Alam, Muntasir, Alkis Ramirez, Rebecca, Badji, Henry, Bari, Sanwarul, Caneer, J. Patrick, Chowdhury, Atique Iqbal, Diaz, Maureen H., Fairchild, Karen D., Flora, Meerjady Sabrina, Garel, Mischka, Gibby, Adriana, Govender, Nelesh P., Greene, Carol L., Hale, Martin John, Hurtado, Juan Carlos, Johnson, J. Kristie, Kamal, Mohammed, Keita, Tatiana, Koka, Rima, Koné, Diakaridia, Lala, Sanjay G., Lombaard, Hennie, Mabunda, Rita, Martines, Roosecelis B., Mehta, Ashka, Menéndez, Clara, Mocumbi, Sibone, Moya, Claudia, Nhampossa, Tacilta, Onwuchekwa, Uma U., Parveen, Shahana, Petersen, Karen L., Phillipsborn, Rebecca Pass, Rahman, Mustafizur, Rakislova, Natalia, Ritter, Jana, Sazzad, Hossain M.S., Sidibe, Diakaridia, Sitoe, Antonio, Sivalogan, Kasthuri, Swanson, Jennifer M., Swart, Peter J., Tennant, Sharon M., Traoré, Cheick B., Varo Cobos, Rosauro, Vitorino, Pio, Valente, Marta, Velaphi, Sithembiso, Wadula, Jeannette, Waller, Jessica L., Wilkinson, Amanda L., Winchell, Jonas M., Taylor, Allan W, Blau, Dianna M, Bassat, Quique, Onyango, Dickens, Kotloff, Karen L, Arifeen, Shams El, Mandomando, Inacio, Chawana, Richard, Baillie, Vicky L, Akelo, Victor, Tapia, Milagritos D, Salzberg, Navit T, Keita, Adama Mamby, Morris, Timothy, Nair, Shailesh, Assefa, Nega, Seale, Anna C, Scott, J Anthony G, Kaiser, Reinhard, Jambai, Amara, Barr, Beth A Tippet, Gurley, Emily S, Ordi, Jaume, Zaki, Sherif R, Sow, Samba O, Islam, Farzana, Rahman, Afruna, Dowell, Scott F, Koplan, Jeffrey P, Raghunathan, Pratima L, Madhi, Shabir A, and Breiman, Robert F

Published
2020
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13. Post-mortem investigation of deaths due to pneumonia in children aged 1–59 months in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia from 2016 to 2022: an observational study

Author

Mahtab, Sana, primary, Blau, Dianna M, additional, Madewell, Zachary J, additional, Ogbuanu, Ikechukwu, additional, Ojulong, Julius, additional, Lako, Sandra, additional, Legesse, Hailemariam, additional, Bangura, Joseph S, additional, Bassat, Quique, additional, Mandomando, Inacio, additional, Xerinda, Elisio, additional, Fernandes, Fabiola, additional, Varo, Rosauro, additional, Sow, Samba O, additional, Kotloff, Karen L, additional, Tapia, Milagritos D, additional, Keita, Adama Mamby, additional, Sidibe, Diakaridia, additional, Onyango, Dickens, additional, Akelo, Victor, additional, Gethi, Dickson, additional, Verani, Jennifer R, additional, Revathi, Gunturu, additional, Scott, J Anthony G, additional, Assefa, Nega, additional, Madrid, Lola, additional, Bizuayehu, Hiwot, additional, Tirfe, Tseyon Tesfaye, additional, El Arifeen, Shams, additional, Gurley, Emily S, additional, Islam, Kazi Munisul, additional, Alam, Muntasir, additional, Zahid Hossain, Mohammad, additional, Dangor, Ziyaad, additional, Baillie, Vicky L, additional, Hale, Martin, additional, Mutevedzi, Portia, additional, Breiman, Robert F, additional, Whitney, Cynthia G, additional, Madhi, Shabir A, additional, Adam, Yasmin, additional, Agaya, Janet, additional, Ahmed, A.S.M. Nawshad Uddin, additional, Ahmed, Dilruba, additional, Alemu, Addisu, additional, Ali, Solomon, additional, Ameh, Soter, additional, Aol, George, additional, Argeseanu, Solveig, additional, Ariuman, Farida, additional, Balogun, Oluseyi, additional, Bari, Sanwarul, additional, Basket, Margaret, additional, Begum, Ferdousi, additional, Bhandari, Manu, additional, Blevins, John, additional, Bunn, James, additional, Bursuc, Courtney, additional, Cain, Carrie Jo, additional, Chawana, Richard, additional, Chawla, Kiranpreet, additional, Chukwuegbo, Cornell, additional, Diarra, Kounandji, additional, Diarra, Tiéman, additional, Diaz, Maureen, additional, Duduyemi, Babatunde, additional, Fairchild, Karen D., additional, Flora, Meerjady Sabrina, additional, Fritz, Ashleigh, additional, Garel, Mischka, additional, Gaume, Brigitte, additional, Gizaw, Mahlet Abayneh, additional, Govender, Nelesh P., additional, Greene, Carol L., additional, Gure, Tadesse, additional, Halu, Binyam, additional, Hoque, Mahbubul, additional, Hwinya, Cleopas, additional, Ibrahim, Alexander M., additional, Igunza, Kitiezo Aggrey, additional, Islam, Ferdousi, additional, Ita, Okokon, additional, Jambai, Amara, additional, Johnson, J. Kristie, additional, Juma, Jane, additional, Kaluma, Erick, additional, Kamal, Mohammed, additional, Kaykay, Osman, additional, Kenneh, Sartie, additional, Khagayi, Sammy, additional, Koka, Rima, additional, Kone, Diakaridia, additional, Koplan, Jeffrey P., additional, Kourouma, Nana, additional, Kowuor, Dickens, additional, LaHatte, Kristin, additional, Lala, Sanjay G., additional, Lee, Kyu Han, additional, Liu, Lucy, additional, Lombaard, Hennie, additional, Maixenchs, Maria, additional, Manhique, Zara, additional, Mannah, Margaret, additional, Martines, Roosecelis, additional, Mash, Ronald, additional, Mehta, Ashka, additional, Menéndez, Clara, additional, Misore, Thomas, additional, Mocumbi, Sibone, additional, Moseray, Andrew, additional, Moses, Francis, additional, Muga, Christopher, additional, Munguambe, Khátia, additional, Myburgh, Nellie, additional, Nair, Shailesh, additional, Ndagurwa, Pedzisai, additional, Nhacolo, Ariel, additional, Nhampossa, Tacilta, additional, Nwajiobi, Princewill, additional, Ochola, Christine, additional, Oliech, Richard, additional, Oluoch, Bernard, additional, Onwuchekwa, Uma U., additional, Onyango, Peter Nyamthimba, additional, Orlien, Stian MS, additional, Otieno, Peter, additional, Oundo, Joseph, additional, Owuor, Harun, additional, Parveen, Shahana, additional, Petersen, Karen, additional, Pratt, Samuel, additional, Rahman, Mahbubur, additional, Rahman, Mohammad Mosiur, additional, Rahman, Mustafizur, additional, Raymer, Sarah, additional, Ritter, Jana, additional, Salzberg, Navit T., additional, Samura, Solomon, additional, Sannoh, Sulaiman, additional, Sanogo, Doh, additional, Seppeh, Martin, additional, Sesay, Tom, additional, Sesay, Joseph Kamanda, additional, Shirin, Tahmina, additional, Sissoko, Seydou, additional, Smart, Francis, additional, Sorour, Gillian, additional, Squire, James, additional, Swaray-Deen, Alim, additional, Swart, Peter J., additional, Tarawally, Fatmata Bintu, additional, Tasnim, Saria, additional, Temesgen, Fikremelekot, additional, Tennant, Sharon M., additional, Traore, Cheick Bougadari, additional, Traore, Awa, additional, Velaphi, Sithembiso, additional, Vyas, Kurt, additional, Wadhwa, Ashutosh, additional, Wadula, Jeannette, additional, Waller, Jessica, additional, Wanga, Valentine, additional, Warang, Shamta, additional, Were, Joyce Akinyi, additional, Wilson, Tais, additional, Winchell, Jonas, additional, Wise, Amy, additional, Witherbee, Jakob, additional, Yeshi, Melisachew Mulatu, additional, and Zaman, K., additional

Published
2024
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14. Multicenter Evaluation of BioFire FilmArray Meningitis/Encephalitis Panel for Detection of Bacteria, Viruses, and Yeast in Cerebrospinal Fluid Specimens.

Author

Leber, Amy L, Everhart, Kathy, Balada-Llasat, Joan-Miquel, Cullison, Jillian, Daly, Judy, Holt, Sarah, Lephart, Paul, Salimnia, Hossein, Schreckenberger, Paul C, DesJarlais, Sharon, Reed, Sharon L, Chapin, Kimberle C, LeBlanc, Lindsay, Johnson, J Kristie, Soliven, Nicole L, Carroll, Karen C, Miller, Jo-Anne, Dien Bard, Jennifer, Mestas, Javier, Bankowski, Matthew, Enomoto, Tori, Hemmert, Andrew C, and Bourzac, Kevin M

Subjects
Cerebrospinal Fluid, Humans, Bacteria, Viruses, Fungi, Bacterial Infections, Central Nervous System Fungal Infections, Virus Diseases, Encephalitis, Meningitis, Molecular Diagnostic Techniques, Sensitivity and Specificity, Prospective Studies, Time Factors, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Middle Aged, Child, Child, Preschool, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Female, Male, Young Adult, and over, Preschool, Newborn, Microbiology, Biological Sciences, Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences
Abstract

Rapid diagnosis and treatment of infectious meningitis and encephalitis are critical to minimize morbidity and mortality. Comprehensive testing of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) often includes Gram stain, culture, antigen detection, and molecular methods, paired with chemical and cellular analyses. These methods may lack sensitivity or specificity, can take several days, and require significant volume for complete analysis. The FilmArray Meningitis/Encephalitis (ME) Panel is a multiplexed in vitro diagnostic test for the simultaneous, rapid (∼1-h) detection of 14 pathogens directly from CSF specimens: Escherichia coli K1, Haemophilus influenzae, Listeria monocytogenes, Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus agalactiae, cytomegalovirus, enterovirus, herpes simplex virus 1 and 2, human herpesvirus 6, human parechovirus, varicella-zoster virus, and Cryptococcus neoformans/Cryptococcus gattii We describe a multicenter evaluation of 1,560 prospectively collected CSF specimens with performance compared to culture (bacterial analytes) and PCR (all other analytes). The FilmArray ME Panel demonstrated a sensitivity or positive percentage of agreement of 100% for 9 of 14 analytes. Enterovirus and human herpesvirus type 6 had agreements of 95.7% and 85.7%, and L. monocytogenes and N. meningitidis were not observed in the study. For S. agalactiae, there was a single false-positive and false-negative result each, for a sensitivity and specificity of 0 and 99.9%, respectively. The specificity or negative percentage of agreement was 99.2% or greater for all other analytes. The FilmArray ME Panel is a sensitive and specific test to aid in diagnosis of ME. With use of this comprehensive and rapid test, improved patient outcomes and antimicrobial stewardship are anticipated.

Published
2016

20. Factors associated with patient-to-healthcare personnel (HCP) and HCP-to-subsequent patient transmission of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Author

Adediran, Timileyin Y., primary, Robinson, Gwen L., additional, Johnson, J. Kristie, additional, Liang, Yuanyuan, additional, Bejo, Sarah, additional, Leekha, Surbhi, additional, Rasko, David A., additional, Stine, O. Colin, additional, Harris, Anthony D., additional, and Thom, Kerri A., additional

Published
2024
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25. Alcohol-based decontamination of gloved hands: A randomized controlled trial

Author

Thom, Kerri A., primary, Rock, Clare, additional, Robinson, Gwen L., additional, Reisinger, Heather R.S., additional, Baloh, Jure, additional, Chasco, Emily, additional, Liang, Yuanyuan, additional, Li, Shanshan, additional, Diekema, Daniel J., additional, Herwaldt, Loreen A., additional, Johnson, J. Kristie, additional, Harris, Anthony D., additional, and Perencevich, Eli N., additional

Published
2023
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26. Comparison of carbapenem-susceptible and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales at nine sites in the USA, 2013–2016: a resource for antimicrobial resistance investigators

Author

Lutgring, Joseph D., primary, Kent, Alyssa G., additional, Bowers, Jolene R., additional, Jasso-Selles, Daniel E., additional, Albrecht, Valerie, additional, Stevens, Valerie A., additional, Pfeiffer, Ashlyn, additional, Barnes, Riley, additional, Engelthaler, David M., additional, Johnson, J. Kristie, additional, Gargis, Amy S., additional, Rasheed, J. Kamile, additional, Limbago, Brandi M., additional, Elkins, Christopher A., additional, Karlsson, Maria, additional, and Halpin, Alison L., additional

Published
2023
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28. Prevalence of Acinetobacter baumannii and Candida auris in Patients Receiving Mechanical Ventilation

Author

Harris, Anthony D., primary, Pineles, Lisa, additional, Johnson, J. Kristie, additional, O’Hara, Lyndsay M., additional, Smith, L. Leigh, additional, French, Indira, additional, Rubin, Jamie, additional, Perlmutter, Rebecca, additional, Heller, Ashley, additional, Klein, Liore, additional, Thoguru, John, additional, Blythe, David, additional, and Vaeth, Elisabeth, additional

Published
2023
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30. Provider adherence to clinical care recommendations for infants and children who died in seven low- and middle-income countries in the Child Health and Mortality Prevention Surveillance (CHAMPS) network

Author

Rees, Chris A., primary, Igunza, Kitiezo Aggrey, additional, Madewell, Zachary J., additional, Akelo, Victor, additional, Onyango, Dickens, additional, El Arifeen, Shams, additional, Gurley, Emily S., additional, Hossain, Mohammad Zahid, additional, Rahman, Afruna, additional, Alam, Muntasir, additional, Scott, J. Anthony G., additional, Assefa, Nega, additional, Madrid, Lola, additional, Belachew, Anteneh, additional, Leulseged, Haleluya, additional, Kotloff, Karen L., additional, Sow, Samba O., additional, Tapia, Milagritos D., additional, Keita, Adama Mamby, additional, Sidibe, Diakaridia, additional, Sitoe, Antonio, additional, Varo, Rosauro, additional, Ajanovic, Sara, additional, Bassat, Quique, additional, Mandomando, Inácio, additional, Tippett Barr, Beth A., additional, Ogbuanu, Ikechukwu, additional, Cain, Carrie Jo, additional, Bassey, Ima-Abasi, additional, Luke, Ronita, additional, Gassama, Khadija, additional, Madhi, Shabir, additional, Dangor, Ziyaad, additional, Mahtab, Sana, additional, Velaphi, Sithembiso, additional, du Toit, Jeanie, additional, Mutevedzi, Portia C., additional, Blau, Dianna M., additional, Breiman, Robert F., additional, Whitney, Cynthia G., additional, Solomon, Fatima, additional, Sorour, Gillian, additional, Lombaard, Hennie, additional, Wadula, Jeannette, additional, Petersen, Karen, additional, Hale, Martin, additional, Govender, Nelesh P., additional, Swart, Peter J., additional, Lala, Sanjay G., additional, Chawana, Richard, additional, Adam, Yasmin, additional, Wise, Amy, additional, Fritz, Ashleigh, additional, Myburgh, Nellie, additional, Ndagurwa, Pedzisai, additional, Hwinya, Cleopas, additional, Bari, Sanwarul, additional, Parveen, Shahana, additional, Kamal, Mohammed, additional, Uddin Ahmed, A.S.M. Nawshad, additional, Hoque, Mahbubul, additional, Tasnim, Saria, additional, Islam, Ferdousi, additional, Ariuman, Farida, additional, Rahman, Mohammad Mosiur, additional, Begum, Ferdousi, additional, Zaman, K., additional, Rahman, Mustafizur, additional, Ahmed, Dilruba, additional, Flora, Meerjady Sabrina, additional, Shirin, Tahmina, additional, Rahman, Mahbubur, additional, Oundo, Joseph, additional, Ibrahim, Alexander M., additional, Temesgen, Fikremelekot, additional, Gure, Tadesse, additional, Alemu, Addisu, additional, Yeshi, Melisachew Mulatu, additional, Gizaw, Mahlet Abayneh, additional, Orlien, Stian, additional, Ali, Solomon, additional, Otieno, Peter, additional, Onyango, Peter Nyamthimba, additional, Agaya, Janet, additional, Oliech, Richard, additional, Were, Joyce Akinyi, additional, Gethi, Dickson, additional, Khagayi, Sammy, additional, Aol, George, additional, Misore, Thomas, additional, Owuor, Harun, additional, Mugah, Christopher, additional, Oluoch, Bernard, additional, Ochola, Christine, additional, Tennant, Sharon M., additional, Greene, Carol L., additional, Mehta, Ashka, additional, Johnson, J. Kristie, additional, Gaume, Brigitte, additional, Koka, Rima, additional, Fairchild, Karen D., additional, Kone, Diakaridia, additional, Sanogo, Doh, additional, Onwuchekwa, Uma U., additional, Kourouma, Nana, additional, Sissoko, Seydou, additional, Traore, Cheick Bougadari, additional, Juma, Jane, additional, Diarra, Kounandji, additional, Traore, Awa, additional, Diarra, Tiéman, additional, Chawla, Kiranpreet, additional, Nhampossa, Tacilta, additional, Manhique, Zara, additional, Mocumbi, Sibone, additional, Menéndez, Clara, additional, Munguambe, Khátia, additional, Nhacolo, Ariel, additional, Maixenchs, Maria, additional, Moseray, Andrew, additional, Tarawally, Fatmata Bintu, additional, Seppeh, Martin, additional, Mash, Ronald, additional, Ojulong, Julius, additional, Duduyemi, Babatunde, additional, Bunn, James, additional, Swaray-Deen, Alim, additional, Bangura, Joseph, additional, Jambai, Amara, additional, Mannah, Margaret, additional, Ita, Okokon, additional, Chukwuegbo, Cornell, additional, Sannoh, Sulaiman, additional, Nwajiobi, Princewill, additional, Kowuor, Dickens, additional, Kaluma, Erick, additional, Balogun, Oluseyi, additional, Samura, Solomon, additional, Pratt, Samuel, additional, Moses, Francis, additional, Sesay, Tom, additional, Squire, James, additional, Sesay, Joseph Kamanda, additional, Kaykay, Osman, additional, Halu, Binyam, additional, Legesse, Hailemariam, additional, Smart, Francis, additional, Kenneh, Sartie, additional, Ameh, Soter, additional, Ritter, Jana, additional, Wilson, Tais, additional, Winchell, Jonas, additional, Witherbee, Jakob, additional, Salzberg, Navit T., additional, Koplan, Jeffrey P., additional, Basket, Margaret, additional, Wadhwa, Ashutosh, additional, Lee, Kyu Han, additional, Wanga, Valentine, additional, Martines, Roosecelis, additional, Warang, Shamta, additional, Diaz, Maureen, additional, Waller, Jessica, additional, Nair, Shailesh, additional, Liu, Lucy, additional, Bursuc, Courtney, additional, LaHatte, Kristin, additional, Raymer, Sarah, additional, Blevins, John, additional, Argeseanu, Solveig, additional, Vyas, Kurt, additional, and Bhandari, Manu, additional

Published
2023
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33. Neural tube defects as a cause of death among stillbirths, infants, and children younger than 5 years in sub-Saharan Africa and southeast Asia: an analysis of the CHAMPS network

Author

Madrid, Lola, primary, Vyas, Kartavya J, additional, Kancherla, Vijaya, additional, Leulseged, Haleluya, additional, Suchdev, Parminder S, additional, Bassat, Quique, additional, Sow, Samba O, additional, El Arifeen, Shams, additional, Madhi, Shabir A, additional, Onyango, Dickens, additional, Ogbuanu, Ikechukwu, additional, Scott, J Anthony G, additional, Blau, Dianna, additional, Mandomando, Inacio, additional, Keita, Adama M, additional, Gurley, Emily S, additional, Mahtab, Sana, additional, Akelo, Victor, additional, Sannoh, Sulaiman, additional, Tilahun, Yenenesh, additional, Varo, Rosauro, additional, Onwuchekwa, Uma, additional, Rahman, Afruna, additional, Adam, Yasmin, additional, Omore, Richard, additional, Lako, Sandra, additional, Xerinda, Elisio, additional, Islam, Kazi Munisul, additional, Wise, Amy, additional, Tippet-Barr, Beth A, additional, Kaluma, Erick, additional, Ajanovic, Sara, additional, Kotloff, Karen L, additional, Hossain, Mohammad Zahid, additional, Mutevedzi, Portia, additional, Tapia, Milagritos D, additional, Rogena, Emily, additional, Moses, Francis, additional, Whitney, Cynthia G, additional, Assefa, Nega, additional, Nawshad Uddin Ahmed, A.S.M., additional, Hoque, Mahbubul, additional, Kamal, Mohammed, additional, Mosiur, Mohammad, additional, Begum, Ferdousi, additional, Tasnim, Saria, additional, Flora, Meerjady Sabrina, additional, Arjuman, Farida, additional, Khan, Iqbal Ansary, additional, Shirin, Tahmina, additional, Rahman, Mahbubur, additional, Bari, Sanwarul, additional, Parveen, Shahana, additional, Islam, Farzana, additional, Ahmed, Mohammad Sabbir, additional, Zaman, K, additional, Rahman, Mustafizur, additional, Ahmed, Dilruba, additional, Chowdhury, Md Atique Iqbal, additional, Alam, Muntasir, additional, Lee, Kyu Han, additional, Islam, Ferdousi, additional, Oundo, Joseph O, additional, Temesgen, Fikremelekot, additional, Yeshi, Melisachew Mulatu, additional, Ibrahim, Alexander M, additional, Gure, Tadesse, additional, Edris, Yunus, additional, Alemu, Addisu, additional, Marami, Dadi, additional, Lemma, Ephrem, additional, Mekonnen, Ayantu, additional, Wale, Henok, additional, Tesfaye, Tseyon, additional, Dufera, Tadesse, additional, Belachew, Anteneh, additional, Getnet, Fentabil, additional, Fentaw, Surafel, additional, Acham, Yenework, additional, Orlien, Stian MS, additional, Abayneh Gizaw, Mahlet, additional, Murila, Florence, additional, Revathi, Gunturu, additional, Mitei, Paul K, additional, Kuria, Magdalene, additional, Verani, Jennifer R, additional, Igunza, Aggrey, additional, Nyamthimba, Peter, additional, Oele, Elizabeth, additional, Fairchild, Karen D, additional, Greene, Carol L, additional, Koka, Rima, additional, Mehta, Ashka, additional, Tennant, Sharon M, additional, Johnson, J Kristie, additional, Keita, Tatiana, additional, Keita, Adama Mamby, additional, Kourouma, Nana, additional, Onwuchekwa, Uma U, additional, Traore, Awa, additional, Sanogo, Doh, additional, Sidibe, Diakaridia, additional, Sissoko, Seydou, additional, Kone, Diakaridia, additional, Kindcardett, Milton, additional, Munguambe, Khátia, additional, Nhacolo, Ariel, additional, Nhampossa, Tacilta, additional, Vitorino, Pio, additional, Bramugy, Justina, additional, Monjane, Celso, additional, Nhachungue, Sheila, additional, Hurtado, Juan Carlos, additional, Maixenchs, Maria, additional, Menéndez, Clara, additional, Ordi, Jaume, additional, Rakislova, Natalia, additional, Valente, Marta, additional, Manhique, Zara, additional, Chitungo, Dercio, additional, Mocumbi, Sibone, additional, Carrilho, Carla, additional, Fernandes, Fabiola, additional, Pass Philipsborn, Rebecca, additional, Koplan, Jeffrey P, additional, Garel, Mischka, additional, Dewey, Betsy, additional, Nair, Shailesh, additional, Salzberg, Navit T, additional, Liu, Lucy, additional, Alkis-Ramirez, Rebecca, additional, Ritter, Jana M, additional, Zaki, Sherif R, additional, Gary, Joy, additional, Winchell, Jonas M, additional, Witherbee, Jacob, additional, Waller, Jessica L, additional, Fayorsey, Ruby, additional, Luke, Ronita, additional, Bassey, Ima-Abasi, additional, Kowuor, Dickens, additional, Sesay, Foday, additional, Kosia, Baindu, additional, Pratt, Samuel, additional, Cain, Carrie-Jo, additional, Samura, Solomon, additional, Solomon, Fatima, additional, Fritz, Ashleigh, additional, Dludlu, Noluthando, additional, Ntuli, Constance, additional, Chawana, Richard, additional, Petersen, Karen, additional, Lala, Sanjay G, additional, Velaphi, Sithembiso, additional, Wadula, Jeannette, additional, Hale, Martin, additional, Swart, Peter J, additional, Lombaard, Hennie, additional, Moosa, Rahima, additional, and Sorour, Gillian, additional

Published
2023
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35. Alcohol-based decontamination of gloved hands: A randomized controlled trial

Author

Thom, Kerri A., Rock, Clare, Robinson, Gwen L., Reisinger, Heather R.S., Baloh, Jure, Chasco, Emily, Liang, Yuanyuan, Li, Shanshan, Diekema, Daniel J., Herwaldt, Loreen A., Johnson, J. Kristie, Harris, Anthony D., and Perencevich, Eli N.

Abstract

AbstractObjective:The gold standard for hand hygiene (HH) while wearing gloves requires removing gloves, performing HH, and donning new gloves between WHO moments. The novel strategy of applying alcohol-based hand rub (ABHR) directly to gloved hands might be effective and efficient.Design:A mixed-method, multicenter, 3-arm, randomized trial.Setting:Adult and pediatric medical-surgical, intermediate, and intensive care units at 4 hospitals.Participants:Healthcare personnel (HCP).Interventions:HCP were randomized to 3 groups: ABHR applied directly to gloved hands, the current standard, or usual care.Methods:Gloved hands were sampled via direct imprint. Gold-standard and usual-care arms were compared with the ABHR intervention.Results:Bacteria were identified on gloved hands after 432 (67.4%) of 641 observations in the gold-standard arm versus 548 (82.8%) of 662 observations in the intervention arm (P< .01). HH required a mean of 14 seconds in the intervention and a mean of 28.7 seconds in the gold-standard arm (P< .01). Bacteria were identified on gloved hands after 133 (98.5%) of 135 observations in the usual-care arm versus 173 (76.6%) of 226 observations in the intervention arm (P< .01). Of 331 gloves tested 6 (1.8%) were found to have microperforations; all were identified in the intervention arm [6 (2.9%) of 205].Conclusions:Compared with usual care, contamination of gloved hands was significantly reduced by applying ABHR directly to gloved hands but statistically higher than the gold standard. Given time savings and microbiological benefit over usual care and lack of feasibility of adhering to the gold standard, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the World Health Organization should consider advising HCP to decontaminate gloved hands with ABHR when HH moments arise during single-patient encounters.Trial Registration:NCT03445676.

Published
2024
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47. Increased mortality rates associated with Staphylococcus aureus and influenza co-infection, Maryland and Iowa, USA

Author

McDanel, Jennifer S., Perencevich, Eli N., Storm, Jeremy, Diekema, Daniel J., Herwaldt, Loreen, Johnson, J. Kristie, Winokur, Patricia L., and Schweizer, Marin L.

Subjects
Statistics, Health aspects, Staphylococcus aureus infections -- Statistics -- Health aspects, Staphylococcus aureus -- Statistics -- Health aspects, Resveratrol -- Statistics -- Health aspects, Influenza -- Statistics -- Health aspects
Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus is a common cause of respiratory infections, including pneumonia (1), and can lead to necrotizing pneumonia and death (2-4). Influenza complicated by S. aureus co-infection can progress rapidly [...]

Published
2016
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48. Efficacy of a continuously active disinfectant wipe on the environmental bioburden in the intensive care unit: A randomized controlled study

Author

Nadimpalli, Gita, Johnson, J. Kristie, Magder, Laurence S., Haririan, Abdolreza, Stevens, Deborah, Harris, Anthony D., and O’Hara, Lyndsay M.

Abstract

AbstractObjective:To evaluate the efficacy of a new continuously active disinfectant (CAD) to decrease bioburden on high-touch environmental surfaces compared to a standard disinfectant in the intensive care unit.Design:A single-blind randomized controlled trial with 1:1 allocation.Setting:Medical intensive care unit (MICU) at an urban tertiary-care hospital.Participants:Adult patients admitted to the MICU and on contact precautions.Intervention:A new CAD wipe used for daily cleaning.Methods:Samples were collected from 5 high-touch environmental surfaces before cleaning and at 1, 4, and 24 hours after cleaning. The primary outcome was the mean bioburden 24 hours after cleaning. The secondary outcome was the detection of any epidemiologically important pathogen (EIP) 24 hours after cleaning.Results:In total, 843 environmental samples were collected from 43 unique patient rooms. At 24 hours, the mean bioburden recovered from the patient rooms cleaned with the new CAD wipe (intervention) was 52 CFU/mL, and the mean bioburden was 92 CFU/mL in the rooms cleaned the standard disinfectant (control). After log transformation for multivariable analysis, the mean difference in bioburden between the intervention and control arm was −0.59 (95% CI, −1.45 to 0.27). The odds of EIP detection were 14% lower in the rooms cleaned with the CAD wipe (OR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.31–2.32).Conclusions:The bacterial bioburden and odds of detection of EIPs were not statistically different in rooms cleaned with the CAD compared to the standard disinfectant after 24 hours. Although CAD technology appears promising in vitro, larger studies may be warranted to evaluate efficacy in clinical settings.

Published
2023
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49. Erratum for Adediran et al., “Comparative Genomics Identifies Features Associated with Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Transmission in Hospital Settings”

Author

Adediran, Timileyin, primary, Hitchcock, Stephanie, additional, O’Hara, Lyndsay M., additional, Michalski, Jane M., additional, Johnson, J. Kristie, additional, Calfee, David P., additional, Miller, Loren G., additional, Hazen, Tracy H., additional, Harris, Anthony D., additional, and Rasko, David A., additional

Published
2022
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