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Writings dealing with the basis for the motive behind men's domination of women are reviewed. It is suggested that the development of this motive might be altered if men, as well as women, care for infants. The possibility of greater equality in the family and in the economy is discussed. (Author/EB)

In her Gender Equity: An Integrated Theory of Stability and Change, Janet Chafetz brings together several of her more recent publications to form an overarching theory of both stability and [...]

The term healthy immigrant effect refers to a phenomenon in which immigrants who newly arrived to a host country are healthier than their native-born counterparts, but such advantages disappear with time in the new country. Researchers suggest individuals should consider self-screening for emigration based on their health status in relation to the demands of relocating and the opportunities anticipated in the host countries. However, few researchers have studied whether patterns of the healthy immigrant effect among older adult immigrants are related to the welfare policies of the host countries. To fill this gap, this study uses data from the 1993-1996 (N = 40,479) and 2002-2008 (N = 65,995) National Health Interview Survey. These timeframes reflect implementation of U.S. welfare reforms. Immigrants who enter the United States in the post-welfare reform era are restricted from receiving public assistance, including Medicaid, unless they are naturalized citizens or live in immigrant-friendly states. Study results show older adult immigrants who entered the United State before welfare reforms were implemented reported poorer health than their U.S.-born counterparts, but those disadvantages diminished over time after immigration (i.e., a reverse healthy immigrant effect). However, older adult immigrants entering the United States in the post-welfare reform era report better health than their U.S.-born counterparts, but the advantages disappear 5 to 14 years after immigration. Our findings are consistent with those of earlier studies, and suggest the health trends among immigrants support the idea that older adults considering emigration have begun to include the host countries' welfare policies and related availability of health care among the factors they evaluate in making their decisions to emigrate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper I try to substantiate, by examining studies that compare, homosexuals and heterosexuals, that the father image is more pivotal to sexual preference in both sexes than is the mother image. Beyond this I develop an argument about why becoming heterosexual for both sexes would involve establishing a solidary (but not seductive) relationship with the lather or a father figure. Translating psychoanalytic theory into more social-structural terms, I argue that the Oedipal period may be understood as the time at which the power of the father representing the system of male dominance is substituted for the power of the mother in the mother-infant dyad. For the girl, becoming heterosexual then involves adding on a love for her lather to her initial love for the mother in a relationship in which the lather is dominant by virtue of] both his sex and his generation. For the boy, becoming heterosexual involves reclaiming the heterosexuality he learned in infancy in a context in which he himself is dominant. In both cases, it is the lather image, not that of] the mother, that figures most prominently in the transition, This analysis in essence makes explicit what the psychoanalytic descriptions I drew upon assumed, namely: the nuclear family, female responsibility for infants, male dominance and homophobia. Finally, I suggest that there is likely no inherent connection between male dominance and heterosexuality and that heterosexual relations to the extent that they serve to break up the male peer group may actually mitigate this dominance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the hypothesis that the father plays a more crucial and direct role than the mother in reinforcing sex typed behavior. Many research findings have continued to support the conclusion that the father is important in encouraging feminity in females and as well as masculinity in males. These data, clearly challenge the view that the degree of feminity in women is related to sustaining and intensifying the mother-daughter relationship and suggest instead that the father relationship is of great importance for both sexes. On the other hand other findings indicate that mothers can by no means be discounted all together in the sex typing process. The essential features of the basic model to be discussed and revised are as follows: The earliest mother relationship is primarily significant not as a focus of sex typing but rather as the basis for the establishment of "socialized" behavior in general. It is by virtue of the mother attachment that infants become "hooked into" the special system in the first place and are motivated to respond to attitudinal sanctions.