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The European Synchrotron Radiation Facility - Extremely Brilliant Source (ESRF-EBS) is a facility upgrade allowing its scientific users to take advantage of the first high-energy 4th generation light source. In December 2018, after 30 years of operation, the beam stopped for a 12-month shutdown to dismantle the old storage ring and to install the new X-ray source. On 25 August 2020, the user programme was restarted with beam parameters very close to nominal values. This paper reports on the present operation performance of the source, highlighting the ongoing and planned development., Proceedings of the 13th International Particle Accelerator Conference, IPAC2022, Bangkok, Thailand

International audience; Qui se souvient des cent douze victimes officielles du naufrage du paquebot Asia en rade de Djeddah (Arabie saoudite), originaires de la Corne de l’Afrique et du Yémen ? Ils périrent dans des conditions effroyables alors que le navire était à l’ancre en cette soirée du 21 mai 1930. Présent dans le port saoudien alors qu’il prépare une série d’articles sur les pêcheurs de perles de la mer Rouge [1], Albert Londres, grand reporter au Petit parisien, nous a laissé un récit de ce drame maritime dans son édition du 24 mai. Il est 19h30 quand le journaliste français entend un coup de canon annonçant l’incendie au large, puis il voit deux fusées de détresse : « les fusées retombées, il nous parut que le bateau s’éclairait de feux de Bengale. Et puis l’incendie se dessina ». Monté sur un sambouk (boutre), il réussit à s’approcher du navire en flammes et assiste aux opérations de sauvetage menées à l’aide des équipages des navires ancrés à proximité. Des voiliers se sont joints aux canots des grands navires pour repêcher les naufragés paniqués ayant sauté à l’eau. A portée de voix de l’Asia, Albert Londres entend une première détonation puis d’autres : « Ce ne sont pas des coups de revolver. […] Ce sont des crânes qui éclatent » à l’intérieur de la coque métallique surchauffée.

The European Synchrotron Radiation Facility - Extremely Brilliant Source (ESRF-EBS) is a facility upgrade allowing its scientific users to take advantage of the first high-energy 4th generation light source. In December 2018, after 30 years of operation, the beam stopped for a 12-month shutdown to dismantle the old storage ring and to install the new X-ray source. In December 2019, the first beam was stored and accumulated in the storage ring, allowing the vacuum conditioning and tuning to be started. The beam was delivered to beamlines in March 2020 for their commissioning. On 25 August, the user programme was restarted with beam parameters very close to nominal values. In this report, the milestones and key aspects of the return to user-mode operation are presented and discussed., Proceedings of the 12th International Particle Accelerator Conference, IPAC2021, Campinas, SP, Brazil

For a long time now it has been common understanding that Africa played only a marginal role in the First World War. Its reduced theatre of operations appeared irrelevant to the strategic balance of the major powers. This volume is a contribution to the growing body of historical literature that explores the global and social history of the First World War. It questions the supposedly marginal role of Africa during the Great War with a special focus on Northeast Africa. In fact, between 1911 and 1924 a series of influential political and social upheavals took place in the vast expanse between Tripoli and Addis Ababa. The First World War was to profoundly change the local balance of power. This volume consists of fifteen chapters divided into three sections. The essays examine the social, political and operational course of the war and assess its consequences in a region straddling Africa and the Middle East. The relationship between local events and global processes is explored, together with the regional protagonists and their agency. Contrary to the myth still prevailing, the First World War did have both immediate and long-term effects on the region. This book highlights some of the significant aspects associated with it.

For France, the Côte Française des Somalis represented a sea port of call on the way to the more prestigious colonies of the Indian Ocean or the Far East. Thanks to the railway from Djibouti to Addis Ababa, it also became a major route of the Ethiopian foreign trade. When the Great War broke out, it nonetheless found itself threatened by the Turkish presence on the shores of Yemen, the uncertainties regarding the position of Ethiopia in the conflict, and the rebellion in the name of Islam in Somaliland and Ogaden. The French authorities first tried to watch the populations of the small territory by reinforcing the security of the colony. But they also tried to mobilise the population for the war effort. The most visible part of this effort was the enlisting of over 2,000 men in the colonial army to go to war in France.How can the stability of this colony during the world conflict be explained? How to account for the fact that hundreds of young men enlisted in a foreign army so easily? The article proposes to answer these questions using the study of the individual records of the recruits, which reveal these young men’s individual strategies in a fragile political, social and ecological context.

Cet article explore les recrutements de l'Armée Française dans la corne de l'Afrique . Il esquisse un tableau historique de la présence coloniale à Djibouti et analyse les stratégies individuelles des anciens militaires.