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The article focuses on the exploration of the historical neglect of Grace Ingalls Dow, the lesser-known sister of author Laura Ingalls Wilder, emphasizing the challenges faced in uncovering Grace's life experiences. Topics include the oversight of women's voices in historical records, the impact of the popularity of Wilder's literary and television series on the attention given to her sisters, and the broader context of women's history in the late-nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.

This article explores four adolescent novels published between 1999 and 2010 specifically for the intersections of Christian faith and lesbian and gay sexual identities. Using cultural, queer, and ideological theories, the piece makes distinctions between progressive and traditional depictions of both Christianity and LGBTQ teen protagonists in Nancy Garden's "The Year They Burned the Books" ("1999"), Laura Torres's "November Ever After" ("1999"), Alex Sanchez's "The God Box" ("2007"), and Mark Hardy's "Nothing Pink" ("2008").

An experimental study with captive individuals and study of video recordings of wild monkeys explored whether and how tufted capuchin monkeys use onehand to hold one or more objects with multiple grips (compound grips). A task designed to elicit compound grip was presented to five captive tufted capuchin monkeys (Sapajus spp). The monkeys held one to four balls in onehand and dropped the balls individually into a vertical tube. Multiple simple grips and independent digit movements enabled separate control of multiple objects in one hand. Monkeys always supported the wrist on the horizontal edge of the tube before releasing the ball. Increasing the number of balls decreased the likelihood that the monkeys managed the task. Wild bearded capuchins (Sapajus libidinosus) used compound grips spontaneously to store multiple food items. Compound grips have been described in macaques, gorillas, chimpanzees, and humans, and now in a New World primate. We predict that any primate species that exhibits precision grips and independent digit movement can perform compound grips. Our findings suggest many aspects of compound grip that await investigation. Research Highlights: Captive tufted capuchins used multiple grips to control separately more than one object in the same hand (compound grips).Wild tufted capuchins held more than one nut in one hand and used compound grips to move them within the hand.Capuchin monkeys, and likely other species of nonhuman primates, use compound grips previously identified in a few species of Old World monkeys and apes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Proteus mirabilis is a common cause of catheter-associated urinary tract infections and frequently leads to blockage of catheters due to crystalline biofilm formation. Scanning electron microscopy ( SEM) has proven to be a valuable tool in the study of these unusual biofilms, but entails laborious sample preparation that can introduce artefacts, undermining the investigation of biofilm development. In contrast, environmental scanning electron microscopy ( ESEM) permits imaging of unprocessed, fully hydrated samples, which may provide much insight into the development of P. mirabilis biofilms. Here, we evaluate the utility of ESEM for the study of P. mirabilis crystalline biofilms in situ, on urinary catheters. In doing so, we compare this to commonly used conventional SEM approaches for sample preparation and imaging. Overall, ESEM provided excellent resolution of biofilms formed on urinary catheters and revealed structures not observed in standard SEM imaging or previously described in other studies of these biofilms. In addition, we show that energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy ( EDS) may be employed in conjunction with ESEM to provide information regarding the elemental composition of crystalline structures and demonstrate the potential for ESEM in combination with EDS to constitute a useful tool in exploring the mechanisms underpinning crystalline biofilm formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]