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7. Whole genome analysis of a schistosomiasis-transmitting freshwater snail.

Author

Adema, Coen M, Hillier, LaDeana W, Jones, Catherine S, Loker, Eric S, Knight, Matty, Minx, Patrick, Oliveira, Guilherme, Raghavan, Nithya, Shedlock, Andrew, do Amaral, Laurence Rodrigues, Arican-Goktas, Halime D, Assis, Juliana G, Baba, Elio Hideo, Baron, Olga L, Bayne, Christopher J, Bickham-Wright, Utibe, Biggar, Kyle K, Blouin, Michael, Bonning, Bryony C, Botka, Chris, Bridger, Joanna M, Buckley, Katherine M, Buddenborg, Sarah K, Lima Caldeira, Roberta, Carleton, Julia, Carvalho, Omar S, Castillo, Maria G, Chalmers, Iain W, Christensens, Mikkel, Clifton, Sandra, Cosseau, Celine, Coustau, Christine, Cripps, Richard M, Cuesta-Astroz, Yesid, Cummins, Scott F, di Stephano, Leon, Dinguirard, Nathalie, Duval, David, Emrich, Scott, Feschotte, Cédric, Feyereisen, Rene, FitzGerald, Peter, Fronick, Catrina, Fulton, Lucinda, Galinier, Richard, Gava, Sandra G, Geusz, Michael, Geyer, Kathrin K, Giraldo-Calderón, Gloria I, de Souza Gomes, Matheus, Gordy, Michelle A, Gourbal, Benjamin, Grunau, Christoph, Hanington, Patrick C, Hoffmann, Karl F, Hughes, Daniel, Humphries, Judith, Jackson, Daniel J, Jannotti-Passos, Liana K, de Jesus Jeremias, Wander, Jobling, Susan, Kamel, Bishoy, Kapusta, Aurélie, Kaur, Satwant, Koene, Joris M, Kohn, Andrea B, Lawson, Dan, Lawton, Scott P, Liang, Di, Limpanont, Yanin, Liu, Sijun, Lockyer, Anne E, Lovato, TyAnna L, Ludolf, Fernanda, Magrini, Vince, McManus, Donald P, Medina, Monica, Misra, Milind, Mitta, Guillaume, Mkoji, Gerald M, Montague, Michael J, Montelongo, Cesar, Moroz, Leonid L, Munoz-Torres, Monica C, Niazi, Umar, Noble, Leslie R, Oliveira, Francislon S, Pais, Fabiano S, Papenfuss, Anthony T, Peace, Rob, Pena, Janeth J, Pila, Emmanuel A, Quelais, Titouan, Raney, Brian J, Rast, Jonathan P, Rollinson, David, Rosse, Izinara C, Rotgans, Bronwyn, Routledge, Edwin J, and Ryan, Kathryn M

Subjects
Animals, Schistosoma mansoni, Biomphalaria, Schistosomiasis mansoni, Proteome, DNA Transposable Elements, Pheromones, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Animal Communication, Fresh Water, Evolution, Molecular, Gene Expression Regulation, Genome, Host-Parasite Interactions, Stress, Physiological, Evolution, Molecular, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Stress, Physiological
Abstract

Biomphalaria snails are instrumental in transmission of the human blood fluke Schistosoma mansoni. With the World Health Organization's goal to eliminate schistosomiasis as a global health problem by 2025, there is now renewed emphasis on snail control. Here, we characterize the genome of Biomphalaria glabrata, a lophotrochozoan protostome, and provide timely and important information on snail biology. We describe aspects of phero-perception, stress responses, immune function and regulation of gene expression that support the persistence of B. glabrata in the field and may define this species as a suitable snail host for S. mansoni. We identify several potential targets for developing novel control measures aimed at reducing snail-mediated transmission of schistosomiasis.

Published
2017

10. Spatio-temporal genetic tagging of a cosmopolitan planktivorous shark provides insight to gene flow, temporal variation and site-specific re-encounters

Author

Lieber, Lilian, Hall, Graham, Hall, Jackie, Berrow, Simon, Johnston, Emmett, Gubili, Chrysoula, Sarginson, Jane, Francis, Malcolm, Duffy, Clinton, Wintner, Sabine P., Doherty, Philip D., Godley, Brendan J., Hawkes, Lucy A., Witt, Matthew J., Henderson, Suzanne M., de Sabata, Eleonora, Shivji, Mahmood S., Dawson, Deborah A., Sims, David W., Jones, Catherine S., and Noble, Leslie R.

Published
2020
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16. Correction: Corrigendum: Whole genome analysis of a schistosomiasis-transmitting freshwater snail

Author

Adema, Coen M., Hillier, LaDeana W., Jones, Catherine S., Loker, Eric S., Knight, Matty, Minx, Patrick, Oliveira, Guilherme, Raghavan, Nithya, Shedlock, Andrew, do Amaral, Laurence Rodrigues, Arican-Goktas, Halime D., Assis, Juliana G., Baba, Elio Hideo, Baron, Olga L., Bayne, Christopher J., Bickham-Wright, Utibe, Biggar, Kyle K., Blouin, Michael, Bonning, Bryony C., Botka, Chris, Bridger, Joanna M., Buckley, Katherine M., Buddenborg, Sarah K., Lima Caldeira, Roberta, Carleton, Julia, Carvalho, Omar S., Castillo, Maria G., Chalmers, Iain W., Christensens, Mikkel, Clifton, Sandra, Cosseau, Celine, Coustau, Christine, Cripps, Richard M., Cuesta-Astroz, Yesid, Cummins, Scott F., Di Stefano, Leon, Dinguirard, Nathalie, Duval, David, Emrich, Scott, Feschotte, Cédric, Feyereisen, Rene, FitzGerald, Peter, Fronick, Catrina, Fulton, Lucinda, Galinier, Richard, Gava, Sandra G., Geusz, Michael, Geyer, Kathrin K., Giraldo-Calderón, Gloria I., de Souza Gomes, Matheus, Gordy, Michelle A., Gourbal, Benjamin, Grunau, Christoph, Hanington, Patrick C., Hoffmann, Karl F., Hughes, Daniel, Humphries, Judith, Jackson, Daniel J., Jannotti-Passos, Liana K., de Jesus Jeremias, Wander, Jobling, Susan, Kamel, Bishoy, Kapusta, Aurélie, Kaur, Satwant, Koene, Joris M., Kohn, Andrea B., Lawson, Dan, Lawton, Scott P., Liang, Di, Limpanont, Yanin, Liu, Sijun, Lockyer, Anne E., Lovato, Ty Anna L., Ludolf, Fernanda, Magrini, Vince, McManus, Donald P., Medina, Monica, Misra, Milind, Mitta, Guillaume, Mkoji, Gerald M., Montague, Michael J., Montelongo, Cesar, Moroz, Leonid L., Munoz-Torres, Monica C., Niazi, Umar, Noble, Leslie R., Oliveira, Francislon S., Pais, Fabiano S., Papenfuss, Anthony T., Peace, Rob, Pena, Janeth J., Pila, Emmanuel A., Quelais, Titouan, Raney, Brian J., Rast, Jonathan P., Rollinson, David, Rosse, Izinara C., Rotgans, Bronwyn, Routledge, Edwin J., Ryan, Kathryn M., Scholte, Larissa L. S., Storey, Kenneth B., Swain, Martin, Tennessen, Jacob A., Tomlinson, Chad, Trujillo, Damian L., Volpi, Emanuela V., Walker, Anthony J., Wang, Tianfang, Wannaporn, Ittiprasert, Warren, Wesley C., Wu, Xiao-Jun, Yoshino, Timothy P., Yusuf, Mohammed, Zhang, Si-Ming, Zhao, Min, and Wilson, Richard K.

Published
2017
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18. Evaluating the suitability of close‐kin mark‐recapture as a demographic modelling tool for a critically endangered elasmobranch population.

Author

Delaval, Aurélien, Bendall, Victoria, Hetherington, Stuart J., Skaug, Hans J., Frost, Michelle, Jones, Catherine S., and Noble, Leslie R.

Subjects
SINGLE nucleotide polymorphisms, LIFE history theory, GENETIC variation, CHONDRICHTHYES, SURVIVAL rate, HABITATS
Abstract

Estimating the demographic parameters of contemporary populations is essential to the success of elasmobranch conservation programmes, and to understanding their recent evolutionary history. For benthic elasmobranchs such as skates, traditional fisheries‐independent approaches are often unsuitable as the data may be subject to various sources of bias, whilst low recapture rates can render mark‐recapture programmes ineffectual. Close‐kin mark‐recapture (CKMR), a novel demographic modelling approach based on the genetic identification of close relatives within a sample, represents a promising alternative approach as it does not require physical recaptures. We evaluated the suitability of CKMR as a demographic modelling tool for the critically endangered blue skate (Dipturus batis) in the Celtic Sea using samples collected during fisheries‐dependent trammel‐net surveys that ran from 2011 to 2017. We identified three full‐sibling and 16 half‐sibling pairs among 662 skates, which were genotyped across 6291 genome‐wide single nucleotide polymorphisms, 15 of which were cross‐cohort half‐sibling pairs that were included in a CKMR model. Despite limitations owing to a lack of validated life‐history trait parameters for the species, we produced the first estimates of adult breeding abundance, population growth rate, and annual adult survival rate for D. batis in the Celtic Sea. The results were compared to estimates of genetic diversity, effective population size (Ne), and to catch per unit effort estimates from the trammel‐net survey. Although each method was characterized by wide uncertainty bounds, together they suggested a stable population size across the time‐series. Recommendations for the implementation of CKMR as a conservation tool for data‐limited elasmobranchs are discussed. In addition, the spatio‐temporal distribution of the 19 sibling pairs revealed a pattern of site fidelity in D. batis, and supported field observations suggesting an area of critical habitat that could qualify for protection might occur near the Isles of Scilly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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22. Erratum to: Microsatellite records for volume 7, issue 4

Author

Basiita, Rose Komugisha, Henrich Bruggemann, J., Cai, Nianhui, Cáliz-Campal, Conchi, Chen, Chen, Chen, Jiawei, Cizek, L., Cordero, Pedro J., Dawson, Deborah A., Ding, Yandong, Drag, L., Duan, Anan, Fogliani, Bruno, Gao, Tian-xiang, Gélin, Pauline, Genner, Martin J., Gu, Zhi-Min, Guillaume, Mireille M. M., Guo, Jian-Lin, He, Chengzhong, Hollingsworth, Peter M., Horsburgh, Gavin J., Inoue-Murayama, Miho, Ito, Hideyuki, Jerry, Dean Robert, Jia, Yong-Yi, Jiang, Wen-Ping, Jones, Catherine S., Jones, David Byron, Kong, Lingfeng, Li, Qi, Li, Chun-hou, Li, Xi-Lian, Li, Jiang, Li, Xiugen, Lian, Qing-Ping, Lieber, Lilian, Liu, Lu, Liu, Shi-Li, Liu, Mengwen, Luo, Shuping, Maeda, Taku, Magalon, Hélène, Martin, Renee M., Mehn, Vincent, Meyza, K., Noble, Leslie R., Noguerales, Víctor, Ogden, Rob, Oleksa, A., Onuma, Manabu, Ortego, Joaquín, Pan, Ying, Robinson, Morgan L., Rougeux, Clément, Ruhsam, Markus, Sato, Yu, Song, Na, Su, Xiangju, Sungani, Harold, Tao, Panfeng, Tian, Bin, Tian, Jia, Wang, Ruoran, Wang, Xiaolu, Wang, Xiaojun, Wang, Dawei, Wilson, Wade D., Wu, Mingcan, Wu, Xueping, Wulff, Adrien S., Xu, Yulan, Xu, Yang, Yanagimoto, Takashi, Yin, Shaowu, Yu, Hong, Zeng, Bin, Zenger, Kyall Richard, Zhang, Guosong, Zhao, Jin-Liang, and Zhou, Yuna

Published
2016
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25. The critically endangered flapper skate (Dipturus intermedius): Recommendations from the first flapper skate working group meeting

Author

Garbett, Amy, Phillips, Natasha D., Houghton, Jonathan D.R., Prodöhl, Paulo, Thorburn, James, Loca, Sophie L., Eagling, Lawrence E., Hannon, Gary, Wise, Daniel, Pothanikat, Liz, Gordon, Cat, Clarke, Maurice, Williams, Peter, Hunter, Rebecca, McShane, Ronan, Brader, Aafke, Dodd, Jane, McGonigle, Chris, McIlvenny, Heidi, Daly, Olivia, Surgenor, Ronald, Varian, Sarah, Verhoog, Peter, Van Zonneveld, Gijs, Burke, Lylian R., Davies, Ian, Souster, Terri A., Mayo, Paul A., Schwanck, Tanja N., Jones, Catherine S., and Collins, Patrick C.

Published
2021
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33. Population and seascape genomics of a critically endangered benthic elasmobranch, the blue skate Dipturus batis.

Author

Delaval, Aurélien, Frost, Michelle, Bendall, Victoria, Hetherington, Stuart J., Stirling, David, Hoarau, Galice, Jones, Catherine S., and Noble, Leslie R.

Subjects
GENOMICS, SINGLE nucleotide polymorphisms, CLIMATE change, BIODIVERSITY
Abstract

The blue skate (Dipturus batis) has a patchy distribution across the North‐East Atlantic Ocean, largely restricted to occidental seas around the British Isles following fisheries‐induced population declines and extirpations. The viability of remnant populations remains uncertain and could be impacted by continued fishing and by‐catch pressure, and the projected impacts of climate change. We genotyped 503 samples of D. batis, obtained opportunistically from the widest available geographic range, across 6 350 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) using a reduced‐representation sequencing approach. Genotypes were used to assess the species' contemporary population structure, estimate effective population sizes and identify putative signals of selection in relation to environmental variables using a seascape genomics approach. We identified genetic discontinuities between inshore (British Isles) and offshore (Rockall and Faroe Island) populations, with differentiation most pronounced across the deep waters of the Rockall Trough. Effective population sizes were largest in the Celtic Sea and Rockall, but low enough to be of potential conservation concern among Scottish and Faroese sites. Among the 21 candidate SNPs under positive selection was one significantly correlated with environmental variables predicted to be affected by climate change, including bottom temperature, salinity and pH. The paucity of well‐annotated elasmobranch genomes precluded us from identifying a putative function for this SNP. Nevertheless, our findings suggest that climate change could inflict a strong selective force upon remnant populations of D. batis, further constraining its already‐restricted habitat. Furthermore, the results provide fundamental insights on the distribution, behaviour and evolutionary biology of D. batis in the North‐East Atlantic that will be useful for the establishment of conservation actions for this and other critically endangered elasmobranchs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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39. Choosing the best type of oxygen therapy: oxygen is one of the most important treatments available to patients with cardiopulmonary disease. Here's an updated guide to the equipment

Author

Jones, Catherine S.

Subjects
Nursing, Oximetry, Health, Care and treatment
Abstract

As primary-care providers have become increasingly adept at recognizing patients with lung disease, and pulse oximetry has simplified the detection of hypoxemia, the use of long-term oxygen therapy for adults [...]

Published
2008

43. Sex-biased dispersal of great white sharks

Author

Pardini, Amanda T., Jones, Catherine S., Noble, Leslie R., Kreiser, Brian, Malcolm, Hamish, Bruce, Barry D., Stevens, John D., Cliff, Geremy, Scholl, Michael C., Francis, Malcolm, Duffy, Clinton A.J., and Martin, Andrew P.

Published
2001

44. Biomphalaria glabrata transcriptome: cDNA microarray profiling identifies resistant- and susceptible-specific gene expression in haemocytes from snail strains exposed to Schistosoma mansoni

Author

Rollinson David, Fitzpatrick Jennifer M, Hoffmann Karl F, Kane Richard A, Spinks Jenny, Lockyer Anne E, Noble Leslie R, and Jones Catherine S

Subjects
Biotechnology, TP248.13-248.65, Genetics, QH426-470
Abstract

Abstract Background Biomphalaria glabrata is an intermediate snail host for Schistosoma mansoni, one of the important schistosomes infecting man. B. glabrata/S. mansoni provides a useful model system for investigating the intimate interactions between host and parasite. Examining differential gene expression between S. mansoni-exposed schistosome-resistant and susceptible snail lines will identify genes and pathways that may be involved in snail defences. Results We have developed a 2053 element cDNA microarray for B. glabrata containing clones from ORESTES (Open Reading frame ESTs) libraries, suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) libraries and clones identified in previous expression studies. Snail haemocyte RNA, extracted from parasite-challenged resistant and susceptible snails, 2 to 24 h post-exposure to S. mansoni, was hybridized to the custom made cDNA microarray and 98 differentially expressed genes or gene clusters were identified, 94 resistant-associated and 4 susceptible-associated. Quantitative PCR analysis verified the cDNA microarray results for representative transcripts. Differentially expressed genes were annotated and clustered using gene ontology (GO) terminology and Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis. 61% of the identified differentially expressed genes have no known function including the 4 susceptible strain-specific transcripts. Resistant strain-specific expression of genes implicated in innate immunity of invertebrates was identified, including hydrolytic enzymes such as cathepsin L, a cysteine proteinase involved in lysis of phagocytosed particles; metabolic enzymes such as ornithine decarboxylase, the rate-limiting enzyme in the production of polyamines, important in inflammation and infection processes, as well as scavenging damaging free radicals produced during production of reactive oxygen species; stress response genes such as HSP70; proteins involved in signalling, such as importin 7 and copine 1, cytoplasmic intermediate filament (IF) protein and transcription enzymes such as elongation factor 1α and EF-2. Conclusion Production of the first cDNA microarray for profiling gene expression in B. glabrata provides a foundation for expanding our understanding of pathways and genes involved in the snail internal defence system (IDS). We demonstrate resistant strain-specific expression of genes potentially associated with the snail IDS, ranging from signalling and inflammation responses through to lysis of proteinacous products (encapsulated sporocysts or phagocytosed parasite components) and processing/degradation of these targeted products by ubiquitination.

Published
2008
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45. Substitutions in the Glycogenin-1 Gene Are Associated with the Evolution of Endothermy in Sharks and Tunas

Author

Ciezarek, Adam G., Dunning, Luke T., Jones, Catherine S., Noble, Leslie R., Humble, Emily, Stefanni, Sergio S., Savolainen, Vincent, and The Leverhulme Trust

Subjects
Fish Proteins, endothermy, sharks, Sharks/genetics, Body Temperature, Evolution, Molecular, Glucosyltransferases/genetics, 0603 Evolutionary Biology, Tuna/genetics, positive selection, Animals, Fish Proteins/genetics, Selection, Genetic, Muscle, Skeletal, Glycoproteins, 0604 Genetics, Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism, Tuna, Glycoproteins/genetics, phylogenetics, Glucosyltransferases, Body Temperature/genetics, Transcriptome, human activities, Developmental Biology, Research Article
Abstract

Despite 400–450 million years of independent evolution, a strong phenotypic convergence has occurred between two groups of fish: tunas and lamnid sharks. This convergence is characterized by centralization of red muscle, a distinctive swimming style (stiffened body powered through tail movements) and elevated body temperature (endothermy). Furthermore, both groups demonstrate elevated white muscle metabolic capacities. All these traits are unusual in fish and more likely evolved to support their fast-swimming, pelagic, predatory behavior. Here, we tested the hypothesis that their convergent evolution was driven by selection on a set of metabolic genes. We sequenced white muscle transcriptomes of six tuna, one mackerel, and three shark species, and supplemented this data set with previously published RNA-seq data. Using 26 species in total (including 7,032 tuna genes plus 1,719 shark genes), we constructed phylogenetic trees and carried out maximum-likelihood analyses of gene selection. We inferred several genes relating to metabolism to be under selection. We also found that the same one gene, glycogenin-1, evolved under positive selection independently in tunas and lamnid sharks, providing evidence of convergent selective pressures at gene level possibly underlying shared physiology.

Published
2016

46. Correction to: Resolving taxonomic uncertainty in vulnerable elasmobranchs: are the Madeira skate (Raja maderensis) and the thornback ray (Raja clavata) distinct species?

Author

Ball, Rachel E., primary, Serra-Pereira, Barbara, additional, Ellis, Jim, additional, Genner, Martin J., additional, Iglésias, Samuel, additional, Johnson, Andrew F., additional, Jones, Catherine S., additional, Leslie, Rob, additional, Lewis, Jennifer, additional, Mariani, Stefano, additional, Menezes, Gui, additional, Neat, Francis, additional, Noble, Leslie R., additional, Sims, David W., additional, and Griffiths, Andrew M., additional

Published
2018
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47. Evidence of positive selection associated with placental loss in tiger sharks

Author

Swift, Dominic G., Dunning, Luke T., Igea, Javier, Brooks, Edward J., Jones, Catherine S., Noble, Leslie R., Ciezarek, Adam, Humble, Emily, and Savolainen, Vincent

Subjects
Male, Carcharhinids, Placenta, Viviparous, selection, chemical and pharmacologic phenomena, Elasmobranchs, Sharks/genetics, 0603 Evolutionary Biology, Pregnancy, Animals, RNA-Seq, Selection, Genetic, Phylogeny, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Galeocerdo, Evolutionary Biology, 0604 Genetics, Base Sequence, Reproduction, Positive selection, Sharks, Female, sense organs, Transcriptome, Positive, human activities, Research Article
Abstract

Background All vertebrates initially feed their offspring using yolk reserves. In some live-bearing species these yolk reserves may be supplemented with extra nutrition via a placenta. Sharks belonging to the Carcharhinidae family are all live-bearing, and with the exception of the tiger shark (Galeocerdo cuvier), develop placental connections after exhausting yolk reserves. Phylogenetic relationships suggest the lack of placenta in tiger sharks is due to secondary loss. This represents a dramatic shift in reproductive strategy, and is likely to have left a molecular footprint of positive selection within the genome. Results We sequenced the transcriptome of the tiger shark and eight other live-bearing shark species. From this data we constructed a time-calibrated phylogenetic tree estimating the tiger shark lineage diverged from the placental carcharhinids approximately 94 million years ago. Along the tiger shark lineage, we identified five genes exhibiting a signature of positive selection. Four of these genes have functions likely associated with brain development (YWHAE and ARL6IP5) and sexual reproduction (VAMP4 and TCTEX1D2). Conclusions Our results indicate the loss of placenta in tiger sharks may be associated with subsequent adaptive changes in brain development and sperm production. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12862-016-0696-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Published
2016

48. Steroid Androgen Exposure during Development Has No Effect on Reproductive Physiology of Biomphalaria glabrata

Author

Kaur, Satwant, Baynes, Alice, Lockyer, Anne E., Routledge, Edwin J., Jones, Catherine S., Noble, Leslie R., and Jobling, Susan

Subjects
animal structures, Science, Snails, Gene Expression, Histopathology, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, urologic and male genital diseases, Biomphalaria glabrata, Biochemistry, Freshwater pulmonate snail, Exocrine Glands, Methyltestosterone, Medicine and Health Sciences, Genetics, Gastropod mollusks, Animals, Steroid androgens, Biomphalaria, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Organic Compounds, Gene Expression Profiling, Reproduction, Organic Chemistry, Organisms, Chemical Compounds, Biology and Life Sciences, Dihydrotestosterone, Molluscs, Environmental Exposure, Invertebrates, Hormones, Chemistry, Gene Expression Regulation, Gastropods, Anatomical Pathology, Vertebrates, Physical Sciences, Androgens, Medicine, Prostate Gland, Steroids, Anatomy, Research Article
Abstract

Gastropod mollusks have been proposed as alternative models for male reproductive toxicity testing, due to similarities in their reproductive anatomy compared to mammals, together with evidence that endocrine disrupting chemicals can cause effects in some mollusks analogous to those seen in mammals. To test this hypothesis, we used the freshwater pulmonate snail, Biomphalaria glabrata, for which various genetic tools and a draft genome have recently become available, to investigate the effects of two steroid androgens on the development of mollusk secondary sexual organs. Here we present the results of exposures to two potent androgens, the vertebrate steroid; 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and the pharmaceutical anabolic steroid; 17α-methyltestosterone (MT), under continuous flow-through conditions throughout embryonic development and up to sexual maturity. Secondary sexual gland morphology, histopathology and differential gene expression analysis were used to determine whether steroid androgens stimulated or inhibited organ development. No significant differences between tissues from control and exposed snails were identified, suggesting that these androgens elicited no biologically detectable response normally associated with exposure to androgens in vertebrate model systems. Identifying no effect of androgens in this mollusk is significant, not only in the context of the suitability of mollusks as alternative model organisms for testing vertebrate androgen receptor agonists but also, if applicable to other similar mollusks, in terms of the likely impacts of androgens and anti-androgenic pollutants present in the aquatic environment. National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research (NC3Rs), https://www.nc3rs.org.uk/. ‘The Snail Assay as an Alternative to the Rodent Hershberger Assay for Detecting Androgens and Anti-androgens’ funding reference: G0900802/1 to SJ, EJR, CSJ, and LRN

Published
2016

49. Microsatellite loci for basking shark (Cetorhinus maximus) monitoring and conservation

Author

Lieber, Lilian, Dawson, Deborah A., Horsburgh, Gavin J., Noble, Leslie R., and Jones, Catherine S.

Abstract

The filter-feeding basking shark (Cetorhinus maximus) is the largest fish found in the Northeast Atlantic, however there is little baseline ecological data despite its globally threatened status. In order to investigate the basking sharks’ population connectivity, patterns of relatedness and effective population numbers over time, we developed a microsatellite marker set suitable for geneticmonitoring. Forty-seven markers were screened, of which 24 were assessed in 20 unrelated individuals from the Isle of Man using DNA extracted from skin mucus swabs. We selected 19 polymorphic loci with a mean observed heterozygosity of 0.73 to create a marker set with sufficient power to unambiguously resolve between individuals (PIsibs=1.7 x10-7).

Published
2015

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