Search

The application of modern and efficient techniques to access seed physical and physiological information has contributed to new advances in the agricultural sector. The objective of this study was to evaluate morphometric parameters obtained from the X-Ray analysis using crambe seeds harvested at different maturation stages and to relate them to seed physiological potential. Seeds harvested at different maturation stages were evaluated using X-Ray test, germination, first germination count, germination speed index, root protrusion velocity and accelerated aging. The Principal Components Analysis was applied to data collected. The results demonstrated that the X-Ray analysis allowed to visualize internal morphology of crambe seeds. Differences between seeds harvested at different maturation levels were observed. Correlations between physical variables were verified, such as seed area with germination (r = 0.96). The use of X-Ray analysis combined with semi-automated analysis is efficient to differentiate crambe seeds in different maturation stages. The morphometric parameters are related to the physiological quality of crambe seeds.

O escoamento superficial ocorre quando a duração da precipitação (de baixa intensidade e longa duração) é superior ao tempo para saturação do solo, ou quando a intensidade de precipitação é superior à taxa de infiltração de água no solo. Por estar relacionado à erosão, o conhecimento de seus parâmetros é importante para mitigação dos efeitos prejudiciais que podem ocorrer. Utilizou-se dois modelos para estimativa da lâmina máxima de escoamento superficial: método do Número da Curva e Balanço de Água na Superfície do Solo. Utilizou-se, para tanto, imagens orbitais provenientes do sensor RapidEye e, dados hidrológicos da área de estudo. Os resultados indicaram, pelos dois métodos, que a presença de vegetação de porte florestal reduz a lâmina máxima de escoamento superficial, seguido por pastagens e terras cultivadas.

A salinização do solo é um problema que vem crescendo em todo o mundo; principalmente nas regiões áridas e semiáridas, tendo um agravante maior devido a baixa precipitação e a elevada evaporação. Nestas condições nem sempre as aguas utilizadas são de boa qualidade afetando a capacidade das plantas de expressar seu máximo potencial produtivo. Diante disto, objetivou-se com o presente estudo avaliar o comportamento dos sais no solo sob condições naturais e irrigadas por águas residuárias da cidade de Campina Grande, PB durante o período de maio a julho de 2014. A pesquisa em campo foi realizada na propriedade Cajá que são abastecidas pelas águas do rio Bodocongó, destinada à produção de capim Mombaça, capim Tifton, Sorgo e Milho irrigados através de sistemas de irrigação como pivô, aspersão fixa, e inundação. Foram coletados três pontos distintos de amostras de solo nas profundidade de 10 cm, 30 cm, 60 cm, 75 cm, 90 cm. Sendo o primeiro na área irrigada por superficial o segundo área nativo na propriedade vizinha e o terceiro na área irrigada do pivô. O aumento do pH nas áreas irrigadas tornando os solos alcalinos, em relação a salinidade verificou-se um aumento significante nos solos irrigados em decorrência dessa própria irrigação com aguas salinas e o PSI teve um aumento em decorrer da profundidade em todas as cinco amostras. Behavior of salts content in soil profile with native vegetation and culture irrigatedAbstract: Soil salinization is a problem that has been growing throughout the world; especially in arid and semi-arid regions, and more aggravating because of low rainfall and high evaporation. Under these conditions the waters used are not always good quality affecting the ability of plants to express their full productive potential. In view of this, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the behavior of salts in the soil under natural conditions and irrigated by wastewater from the city of Campina Grande, PB during the period from May to July 2014. The field research was carried out on the property caja that are supplied by the waters of the river Bodocongó, for the production of grass Mombasa grass Tifton, Sorghum and corn irrigated by irrigation systems as pivot, fixed sprinkler and flood. We collected three distinct points of soil samples in the depth of 10 cm, 30 cm, 60 cm, 75 cm, 90 cm. It is the first in the area irrigated by surface the second native area in the neighboring property and the third in the pivot irrigated area. The pH increase in irrigated areas making alkaline soils, in relation salinity there was a significant increase in irrigated soils due to this own irrigation with saline water and PSI was increased in the course of the depth in all five samples.

Vigor tests are important mainly to identify differences associated to lots performance in field conditions. The objective of this study was to define the most appropriate tests to evaluate the crambe (Crambe abyssinica) seeds vigor. Seven seed lots of crambe were subjected to the standard germination (on the first and last count), germination speed index (GSI), primary root protrusion speed index (PRPSI), seedling length dry and weight seedling, water stress test using PEG 6000 at -0.2 MPa, electrical conductivity and cold test without soil. Crambe lots studied had germination percentages varying from 54 to 80.5%. The GSI, on the first count of water stress and electrical conductivity test ranked lots between two vigor classes The PRPSI, seedling length, seedling dry weight and last count of water stress tests were less sensitive to evaluate vigor for crambe seed. The cold test without soil and the first count of standard germination test were capable to dishtinguish lots more efficiently than the standard germination test on last count by ranking four of the seven seed lots studied.