Search

BackgroundA pre-emptive transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (pTIPS) reduces mortality in high-risk patients with cirrhosis (Child-Pugh C/B+active bleeding) with acute variceal bleeding (AVB). Real-life studies point out that Patients and methodsThis is an observational study including 2138 patients from 34 centres between October 2011 and May 2015. Placement of pTIPS was based on individual centre policy. Patients were followed up to 1 year, death or liver transplantation.Results671 of 2138 patients were considered at high risk, 66 received pTIPS and 605 endoscopic+drug treatment. At admission, HE was significantly more frequent in high-risk than in low-risk patients (39.2% vs 10.6%, p56, shock, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score >15, endoscopic+drug treatment and HE at admission were independent factors of death in high-risk patients.ConclusionpTIPS is associated with better survival than endoscopic treatment in high-risk patients with cirrhosis with variceal bleeding displaying HE at admission.

This paper describes constitution and design characteristics of a passive unbalance compensator for variable loads in three-phase four-wire industrial installations. Unbalance compensator is integrated by three-phase connections of variable coils and capacitors. Inductance and capacitance values of those elements and unbalance power supplied by the compensator can be changed by switches commanded by an electronic control circuit. The minimum unbalance power supplied by the compensator is the “power of the unbalance step”. This quantity defines composition and values of the elements of the “unbalance step”, which is the basic three-phase connection of coils and capacitors in the compensator. Since unbalances in power systems are caused by active and reactive loads, two unbalance steps have been defined: active and reactive. Finally, unbalance compensator operation has been tested for an industrial installation.