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This study investigates the phytotherapeutic potential of Acorus calamus through phytochemical analysis, biological activity evaluation and molecular docking studies. The analysis identified key bioactive compounds such as phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, quinones, steroids, terpenoids and alkaloids, known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The extract showed moderate anti-inflammatory activity, with 62.37 ± 2.79% inhibition of egg albumin denaturation at 1000 µg/mL and significant acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition of 75.53 ± 2.21% with an IC50 of 603.37 ± 2.50 µg/mL. These results suggest potential for maintaining acetylcholine levels in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Molecular docking of a-asarone, a major component of Acorus calamus, showed favorable interactions with 5-lipoxygenase (5LOX) and AChE, with binding energies of -6.1 kcal/mol and -7.6 kcal/mol, respectively, indicating dual anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. Overall, Acorus calamus shows promise as a natural therapeutic for AD, warranting further research to optimize its active compounds for clinical use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Shrinkage estimation in the gamma density using prior information is valuable in various fields, including finance, healthcare, and environmental science, where accurate parameter estimation is essential for decision-making and modeling. This manuscript considers the problem of estimation of θ α in Gamma density G(1/θ, p) when the prior estimate or guessed value of the parameter θ α is available in the form of point estimate θ 0 α . Some families of estimators of θ α are defined with its properties. Estimators developed by other authors are identified as particular members of the suggested families of shrinkage estimators. In particular, we have discussed the properties of the suggested families of estimators in an exponential distribution with known coefficient of variation. Numerical illustrations are also given in order to judge the merits of the proposed families of estimators over others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]