Search

Cilj istraživanja: Ispitati učestalost patoloških lezija oralne sluznice, suspektnih potencijalno malignih oralnih lezija te lezija suspektnih na oralni karcinom u osoba koje su se odazvale pregledu u svrhu ranog otkrivanja oralnog karcinoma prilikom obilježavanja Svjetskog tjedna svjesnosti o karcinomu usne šupljine, glave i vrata u travnju 2022. i 2023. godine u ambulanti za oralnu medicinu KBC-a Split. Materijali i metode: U istraživanju je dobrovoljno sudjelovalo 440 ispitanika koji su se odazvali na preventivni pregled u svrhu ranog otkrivanja oralnog karcinoma u sklopu organiziranog Dana otvorenih vrata. Raspon dobi ispitanika je od 18 do 93 godine. Svim ispitanicima uzeta je detaljna anamneza. Prilikom neinvazivnog kliničkog pregleda usne šupljine zabilježeni su podatci o stanju oralne sluznice te o vrsti lezije koja je pronađena. Pacijenti kojima su pronađene patološke promjene u usnoj šupljini upućeni su na daljnju specijalističku obradu. Oni ispitanici kod kojih je pronađena lezija suspektna na karcinom upućeni su na maksilofacijalnu kirurgiju kako bi se napravila biopsija i patohistološka analiza lezije. Rezultati: U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 208 (47,3 %) muškaraca i 232 (52,7 %) žene. Srednja vrijednost dobi iznosila je 62,8 dok je medijan bio 66 godina. Pronađenih prekanceroza bilo je ukupno 32 (7,3%). Od toga su 23 (5,2 %) klinička nalaza imponirala erozivnim formama oralnoga lihen planusa. Sedam (1,6 %) patoloških promjena bilo je suspektno na karcinom. Na pitanje o svakodnevnoj konzumaciji alkohola 112 (25,5 %) ih je odgovorilo potvrdno, dok se 104 (23,6 %) izjasnilo kao pušači. Zaključci: Patološka promjena koja je suspektna na karcinom pronađena je u sedam ispitanika od pregledanih 440. U ovome istraživanju pronađeno je ukupno 117 patoloških promjena sluznice, od čega su 32 okarakterizirane kao potencijalno maligna lezija. Najčešće pronađena potencijalno maligna lezija bio je erozivni oblik oralnog lihen planusa. Ukupno su 104 ispitanika zahtijevala dodatni specijalistički pregled, što je za većinu bio pregled specijalista oralne medicine. Od sedmero ispitanika kod kojih je pronađena lezija suspektna na karcinom njih četvero negira konzumaciju alkohola i duhanskih proizvoda., Objectives: To examine the frequency of pathological lesions of the oral mucosa, suspected potentially malignant oral lesions and lesions suspicious for oral cancer in persons who responded to the examination for early detection of oral cancer during the promoting of the Oral, Head and Neck Cancer Awareness Week in April 2022 and 2023. in the clinic for oral medicine of the University Hospital of Split. Materials and methods: 440 subjects, who responded to a preventive examination for early detection of oral cancer as part of the organized Open Day, voluntarily participated in the research. The age range of the respondents is from 18 to 93 years. A detailed medical history was taken from all subjects. During the non-invasive clinical examination of the oral cavity, data on the condition of the oral mucosa and the type of lesion that was found were recorded. Patients who were found to have a pathological lesion of the oral cavity were referred for further specialist treatment. Subjects who were found to have a lesion suspicious of cancer were referred to the clinic for maxillofacial surgery in order to perform a biopsy and pathohistological analysis of the lesion. Results: 208 (47.3%) men and 232 (52.7%) women participated in the research. The mean age was 62.8, while the median was 66 years. A total of 32 (7.3%) precancerous lesions were found. Of these, 23 (5.2%) had clinical findings of erosive forms of oral lichen planus. Seven (1.6%) pathological changes were associated with oral cancer. When asked about daily alcohol consumption, 112 (25.5%) answered yes, while 104 (23.6%) declared themselves as smokers. Conclusion: A pathological change suspicious of cancer was found in seven subjects out of 440 examined. In this study, a total of 117 pathological changes of the mucous membrane were found, of which 32 were characterized as potentially malignant lesions. The most frequently found potentially malignant lesion was the erosive form of oral lichen planus. A total of 104 respondents required an additional specialist examination, which for the majority was an examination by an oral medicine specialist. Of the seven subjects in whom a lesion suspicious of cancer was found, four of them denied the consumption of alcohol and tobacco products.