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Abstract Objective The primary objective of this study was to explore the clinical characteristics of apoplectic intratumoral hemorrhage in gliomas and offer insights for improving the diagnosis and treatment of this disease. Methods We analyzed the clinical data of 35 patients with glioma and hemorrhage. There were eight cases of multiple cerebral lobe involvement, and 22 cases involved a single lobe. Twenty-one patients had a preoperative Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of ≥ 9 and had a craniotomy with tumor resection and hematoma evacuation after undergoing preoperative preparation. A total of 14 patients with GCS

Thyroid-like follicular renal cell carcinoma (TLFRCC), also known as thyroid-like follicular carcinoma of the kidney or thyroid follicular carcinoma like renal tumor, is an exceedingly rare variant of renal cell carcinoma that has only recently been acknowledged. This neoplasm exhibits a distinct follicular morphology resembling that of the thyroid gland. Immunohistochemical analysis reveals positive expression of PAX8, Vimentin, and EMA, while thyroid-specific markers TG and TTF1 are consistently absent. Furthermore, there is a notable absence of any concurrent thyroid pathology on clinical evaluation. Previous reports have suggested that TLFRCC is an indolent, slow-growing malignancy with infrequent metastatic potential. In this report, we present a case of TLFRCC characterized by remarkable ossification and widespread metastasis, including multifocal pulmonary lesions, involvement of the abdominal wall, and infiltration into the psoas muscle. To our knowledge, this represents only the third documented instance of distant metastasis in thyroid follicular renal carcinoma. The current case demonstrates a therapeutic approach that combines radiotherapy with the utilization of toripalimab, a programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) receptor inhibitor, and pazopanib. This treatment regimen was tailored based on comprehensive genomic profiling, which identified mutations in the POLE (catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase epsilon) and ATM (ataxia-telangiectasia mutated) genes, both of which have been implicated in the pathogenesis of various malignant tumors. These findings represent a novel discovery, as such mutations have never been reported in association with TLFRCC. Thus far, this therapeutic approach has proven to be the most efficacious option for treating metastatic TLFRCC among previously reported, and it also marks the first mention of the potential benefits of radiotherapy in managing this particular subtype of renal cell carcinoma.

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are considered the most promising photovoltaic devices to replace silicon-based solar cells because of their low preparation cost and high photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE). Reducing defects in perovskite films is an effective means to improve the efficiency of PSCs. In this paper, a lead chelator was selected and mixed into hole transport layers (HTLs) to design and prepare mesoporous PSCs with the structure of ITO/PTAA(BCP)/Al2O3/PVK/PCBM/BCP/Ag, and its modification effect on the buried interface at the bottom of the perovskite layer in the mesoporous structure was explored. The experimental results show that in the presence of mesoporous alumina, the lead chelator can still play a role in modifying the bottom of the perovskite film. The use of lead chelator as passivation material added to the HTL can effectively reduce the residue of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and decrease the defects at the bottom of the perovskite film, which dramatically improves the device performance. The PCE of the device is increased from 18.03% to 20.78%, which is an increase of 15%. The work in this paper provides an effective method to enhance the performance of PSCs.

Tumor hypoxia promotes malignant progression and therapeutic resistance in glioblastoma partly by increasing the production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a type of reactive oxygen species critical for cell metabolic responses due to its additional role as a second messenger. However, the catabolic pathways that prevent H2O2 overload and subsequent tumor cell damage in hypoxic glioblastoma remain unclear. Herein, we present a hypoxia-coordinated H2O2 regulatory mechanism whereby excess H2O2 in glioblastoma induced by hypoxia is diminished by glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1), an antioxidant enzyme detoxifying H2O2, via the binding of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) to GPx1 promoter. Depletion of GPx1 results in H2O2 overload and apoptosis in glioblastoma cells, as well as growth inhibition in glioblastoma xenografts. Moreover, tumor hypoxia increases exosomal GPx1 expression, which assists glioblastoma and endothelial cells in countering H2O2 or radiation-induced apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Clinical data explorations further demonstrate that GPx1 expression was positively correlated with tumor grade and expression of HIF-1α, HIF-1α target genes, and exosomal marker genes; by contrast, it was inversely correlated with the overall survival outcome in human glioblastoma specimens. Our analyses validate that the redox balance of H2O2 within hypoxic glioblastoma is clinically relevant and could be maintained by HIF-1α-promoted or exosome-related GPx1.

Most existing architectural studies on ReRAM-based processing-in-memory (PIM) DNN accelerators assume that all weights of the DNN can be mapped to the crossbar at once. However, these studies are over-idealized. ReRAM crossbar resources for calculation are limited because of technological limitations, so multiple weight mapping procedures are required during the inference process. In this article, we propose a static scheduling framework which generates the mapping between DNN weights and ReRAM cells with minimum runtime weight programming cost. We first build a ReRAM crossbar programming latency model by simultaneously considering the DNN weight patterns, ReRAM programming operations, and PIM architecture characteristics. Then, the model is used in the searching process to obtain an optimized weight-to-OU mapping table with minimum online programming latency. Finally, an OU scheduler is used to coordinate the activation sequences of OUs in the crossbars to perform the inference computation correctly. Evaluation results show the proposed framework significantly reduces the weight programming overhead and the overall inference latency for various DNN models with different input datasets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a numerical model coupling the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) with peridynamics (PD) is developed to solve the problem of the hydroelastic water entry. By combining the geometric nonlinear peridynamics with the weakly compressible SPH, the proposed model can efficiently simulate the nonlinear deformation of the structure and the deformation of a fluid free surface. The transmission of information between the fluid and solid phases is implemented by a dummy particle boundary treatment method. By simulating benchmark tests, the ability of the proposed model to solve nonlinear fluid–structure coupling problems is verified. In order to improve the computational efficiency, the graphics processing unit parallel acceleration scheme is applied to the SPH-PD model. Compared with the serial scheme, the speedup effect of the parallel scheme in large-scale computation is verified. As an application of the numerical model, the water entry of the flexible panel at a constant entry velocity is studied. The mechanism of hydroelastic effect is explained by analyzing the variations in the fluid pressure field, slamming force, and panel deformation during water entry. In addition, the influences of plate rigidity, impact velocity, and deadrise angle on the hydroelastic effect are investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To summarize the treatment methods and effects of pediatric germ cell tumors in pineal region. Methods and Results Clinical data of 28 children with primary intracranial pineal region germ cell tumors from March 2012 to December 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. The clinical manifestations include high intracranial pressure symptoms, parinaud symptoms and precocious puberty. Seven patients were diagnosed as germinoma indirectly by diagnostic radiotherapy/chemotherapy, the rest patients were confirmed by pathological examination: 15 mixed germ cell tumors, 3 mature teratomas, 2 malignant teratomas and 1 choriocarcinoma. Managements: 7 cases were continued to complete chemotherapy after being confirmed effective by diagnostic chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Three cases were underwent chemotherapy before operation, ineffectively, and were underwent operation after the tumor progressed, and 18 cases were directly resected. The operative approach was via longitudinal fissure - corpus callosum ⁃ fornix in 15 cases and infratentorial supracerebellar approach in 6 cases. Total resection was performed in 16 cases, subtotal resection in 3 cases and partial resection in 2 cases. The serum tumor markers of all children decreased significantly after surgery, with an average of 69.55% . The average hospital stay was 19.35 d for all. At the time of discharge from hospital, one patient abandoned treatment due to coma, the remaining 27 patients with headache, nausea and vomiting, and other symptoms of high intracranial pressure significantly relieved. There were 10 cases of secondary hydrocephalus, and symptoms of high intracranial pressure recurred. The symptoms disappeared after the shunt. The cases in this group were followed up for an average of 2.53 years, and 7 cases of germinoma had no recurrence. Fifteen cases with mixed germ cell tumors had a complete remission of 8/15; one patient gave up treatment after surgery; 5/15 of relapses, of which 2 recurred in situ, 2 recurred in ventricular dissemination, one recurred in spinal cord disseminated; and one case (1/15) died of tumor progression 23 months after surgery. There were no recurrences in 5 cases with teratoma. One case with choriocarcinoma died of tumor progression 4 months after surgery. Conclusions There are various types of germ cell tumors in the pineal gland in children. Mixed germ cell tumors are more common. Serological tumor markers are of great significance in diagnosis and treatment. Surgery combined with standardized chemoradiotherapy is an important treatment method. The use of multi ⁃ disciplinary diagnosis and treatment mode and individualized precise treatment can significantly extend the survival of patients. DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672⁃6731.2020.04.010

ObjectiveTo explore the value of ultrasound in evaluating T/N staging of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC).MethodsThe clinical data of 1206 patients with DTC in our hospital from January 2018 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Cervical ultrasound was performed before surgery, and the standard ultrasound images of thyroid nodules and cervical lymph nodes I to VII were retained. According to the 8th TNM staging guidelines of AJCC DTC, the T/N stages were assessed by preoperative ultrasonic data. Then, the sensitivity, specificity, negative predicted value, positive predicted value (PPV), and diagnostic value of ultrasound T/N staging were assessed using postoperative pathological staging as the reference.ResultsUltrasonic T-stage had good consistency to pathological T stage in T4a and T4b tumors (kappa value>0.75), and moderate consistency to pathological T stage in T1, T2 and T3a tumors (kappa value between 0.4 and 0.75). ultrasonic T-stage had a sensitivity higher than 66%, except in T3b assessment (13/44, 29.5%, 95%CI: 16.1%-43.0%). All ultrasonic T-stage had specificity higher than 93%, except in T1b assessment (734/889, 82.6%, 95%CI: 80.1%-85.1%). The PPV of ultrasonic T1a to T4b was 94.3% (494/524), 61.0% (242/397), 54.4% (87/160), 34.3% (12/35), 20.3% (13/64), 100% (22/22) and 100% (4/4), respectively. The diagnostic accuracy values were 83% in T1a, 81% in T1b, 91% in T2, 98% in T3a, 93% in T3b, 99% in T4a and 100% in T4b. Nltrasonic N-stage had poor consistency to pathological N stage in any N stages (kappa valueConclusionUltrasound has a good consistency and high accuracy in assessing the T-stage of DTC. However, the consistency and accuracy were poor in N-staging. It has a certain reference value in reducing excessive surgical treatment of DTC.

This study aimed to investigate water quality, growth performance of Penaeus vananmei postlarvae (PL) and bacterial community in a reusing-water biofloc system under a low salinity condition. PLs (~ stage 15) were stocked in two biofloc systems: the reusing-water system (RS) and the new-water system (NS), at a density of 4000 individuals m−3 for a 28-days nursery experiment at a salinity of 5.0‰, with a C:N of 15:1. Results showed an acceptable growth performance of shrimp in RS that the final body weight and productivity were 0.104 ± 0.014 g shrimp−1 and 0.37 ± 0.05 kg m−3, although those parameters were significantly lower than those in NS (0.138 ± 0.018 g shrimp−1 and 0.48 ± 0.07 kg m−3, P