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Abstract Aim This study aims to validate a Perceived Social Support Scale for University Students (EPSSEU) during periods of social restrictions, by focusing on family and university support. Subject and methods This cross-sectional study was conducted with undergraduate students from a public higher education institution. The college students who participated in the study—1353 at baseline and 378 after 6 months—answered a virtual questionnaire containing questions on: sociodemographic and lifestyle data, items proposed for the EPSSEU, Satisfaction with Social Support Scale (ESSS), and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Exploratory factor analysis, Cronbach’s alpha reliability analysis, as well as discriminant, convergent, and known-group validations were performed. Results The results showed two factors support from: i) the university and ii) friends and family— which explained 61.82% of the variance in the data. The EPSSEU showed good reliability (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.796) as well as validity, with higher scores among individuals without depression, anxiety, or stress. Conclusion The EPSSEU shows adequate psychometric qualities and may be a useful instrument for assessing university students’ social support in pandemics, social distancing, and remote teaching contexts.

Highlights The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was higher in patients with diabetes mellitus; The FokI polymorphism was associated with DM and, in synergism with vitamin D deficiency, increased the likelihood of DM in adults. The FokI polymorphism was the most frequent in individuals with diabetes; Individuals with VDD were more predisposed to have DM regardless of phenotype, meaning that vitamin D deficiency is a relevant predictor for developing DM, regardless of whether or not there is an alteration in the VDR receptor.

Abstract To evaluate association of vitamin D with sleep quality in adults and the influence of VDR-gene polymorphism FokI (rs2228570;A > G). Cross-sectional population-based study in adults, conducted in Brazil. The outcome was sleep-quality, evaluated by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Vitamin D was determined by indirect electrochemiluminescence and classified as deficiency (VDD), 25(OH)D

Abstract Mental disorders are intricate and multifaceted and encompass social, economic, environmental, and biological factors. This study aimed to explore the potential association between vitamin D deficiency and anxiety and depression symptoms in adults, considering the role of the vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism FokI (rs2228570). This was a population-based cross-sectional study with stratified and cluster sampling, evaluating anxiety symptoms (AS) and depression symptoms (DS) in 1637 adults. Vitamin D levels were measured using electrochemiluminescence and were considered deficient when

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Perceived Nutrition Environment Measures Survey (NEMS-P) translated and adapted for use in Brazil. Design: Validation of the NEMS-P questionnaire. The questionnaires were applied to assess validity and reliability, based on exploratory factor analysis, Cronbach’s α coefficient and intra-class correlation, with a significance level of 95 %. Setting: Brazil. Participants: Adults over 20 years of age diagnosed with hypertension were included in the internal validity and reliability test (n 176) and intra-rater reliability (subsample n 35). Results: Factor analysis obtained satisfactory results. Internal consistency was acceptable for most items, with Cronbach’s α ranging from 0·6 to 0·9. The intra-rater reliability of the subsample was also valid, with intra-class correlation coefficient values ranging from 0·5 to 0·9. Conclusion: This work reveals the usefulness of the instrument to assess the perceived food environment in the Brazilian context, being able to measure what is proposed according to its theoretical model, and reproduces the values when applied to a sample different from its original validation. However, refinement of some questions is suggested. Finally, it demonstrates the possibility of using the entire instrument or each section independently, according to the food environments to be investigated.

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has brought drastic changes to the lives of the global population. The restrictions imposed by government agencies impacted the daily lives of citizens, influencing several health behaviors, such as physical activity (PA). Thus, the present study aimed to assess the prevalence of physical inactivity (PI) and its associated factors before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A population-based household seroepidemiological survey was conducted in two Brazilian municipalities located in the state of Minas Gerais, in which 1750 volunteers were interviewed between October and December 2020. Face-to-face interviews were conducted using a structured questionnaire in an electronic format. The moments considered for the PI analysis were M0 (before the pandemic), M1 (from March to July 2020), and M2 (from October to December 2020). Descriptive statistics and univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to examine the factors associated with PI before (M0) and during the pandemic (M1 and M2). Results The prevalence of PI was higher in the first months of the pandemic (M1) (67.3%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 62.4–71.9) than in the months from October to December 2020 (M2) (58.7%; 95% CI: 52.8–64.3); however, at both times (M1 and M2), PI was more prevalent than in the period before the pandemic started (M0) (39.7%; 95% CI: 35.6–43.8). Individuals who were overweight, obese, and had low educational levels were more likely to be physically inactive. At both M1 and M2, individuals who worked at a work from home were less likely to have PI. Conclusions The results suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic negatively influenced PA, substantially increasing the prevalence of PI. The determinants associated with PI were education, body mass index, and work from home.

Objective: To describe study protocol and initial results of research project COVID-Inconfidentes. Method: This paper described the methodological procedures adopted and the prevalence of the SARS-CoV-2 infection in the population. A household survey was conducted between October and December 2020, in two historic cities of Brazil's mining region. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody was detected using the Wondfo® rapid test. The face-to-face interview consisted of administration of a questionnaire containing registration data, sociodemographic and economic variables, living habits, general health condition, mental health, sleep habits, and eating and nutrition. Results: We evaluated 1,762 residents, of which 764 (43.4 %) were in Mariana and 998 (56.6 %) in Ouro Preto. For both cities, 51.9 % of the interviewees were female, with a predominance of the age range 35 to 59 years old (47.2 %). The prevalence of the SARS-CoV-2 infection was 5.5 % in both cities, 6.2 % in Ouro Preto, and 4.7 % in Mariana (p-value > 0.05). Conclusion: The study was effective to estimate the seroprevalence of infection by the virus and its findings will enable further analyses of the health conditions of the population related to social isolation and the risk of infection with SARS-CoV-2.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Rheumatic diseases (RDs) are a group of pathological conditions characterized by inflammation and functional disability. There is evidence suggesting that regular consumption of polyphenols has therapeutic effects capable of relieving RD symptoms. OBJECTIVE: To synthesize data from randomized controlled trials on administration of polyphenols and their effects on RD activity. DESIGN AND SETTING: Systematic review conducted at Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil. METHODS: A systematic search was conducted in the databases PubMed (Medline), LILACS (BVS), IBECS (BVS), CUMED (BVS), BINACIS (BVS), EMBASE, Web of Science and Cochrane Library and in the grey literature. The present study followed a PRISMA-P checklist. RESULTS: In total, 646 articles were considered potentially eligible, of which 33 were then subjected to complete reading. Out of these, 17 randomized controlled trials articles were selected to form the final sample. Among these 17 articles, 64.71% assessed osteoarthritis (n = 11), 23.53% rheumatoid arthritis (n = 4), 5.88% rheumatoid arthritis and fibromyalgia (n = 1) and 5.88% osteoarthritis and rheumatoid (n = 1). Intake of polyphenol showed positive effects in most of the studies assessed (94.12%): it improved pain (64.70%) and inflammation (58.82%). CONCLUSION: Polyphenols are potential allies for treating RD activity. However, the range of polyphenol sources administered was a limitation of this review, as also was the lack of information about the methodological characteristics of the studies evaluated. Thus, further primary studies are needed in order to evaluate the effects of polyphenol consumption for reducing RD activity. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTER: PROSPERO - CRD42020145349.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has adversely affected the health of the global population, with sleep quality being one of the affected parameters. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate sleep quality and its associated factors in adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. DESIGN AND SETTING: A population-based cross-sectional serological survey of 1,762 adults in the Iron Quadrangle region of Brazil. METHODS: The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used to assess sleep quality. Sociodemographic variables, health conditions, health-related behaviors, anxiety, vitamin D levels, weight gain/loss, and pandemic characteristics were assessed using a structured questionnaire. Univariate and multivariate analyses using Poisson regression with robust variance were performed to identify factors associated with sleep quality. RESULTS: More than half of the participants reported poor sleep quality (52.5%). Multivariate analysis revealed that the factors associated with poor sleep quality included living alone (prevalence ratio [PR] = 1.34; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04–1.73), anxiety disorder (PR = 1.32; 95% CI: 1.08–1.62), 5.0% weight loss (PR = 1.21; 95% CI: 1.02–1.44), 5.0% weight gain (PR = 1.27; 95% CI: 1.03–1.55), vitamin D deficiency (PR = 1.16; 95% CI: 1.01–1.35), and COVID-19 symptoms (PR = 1.29; 95% CI: 1.10–1.52). CONCLUSIONS: Our study revealed that more than half of the participants experienced poor sleep quality during the COVID-19 pandemic. Factors associated with poor sleep quality included vitamin D deficiency and weight changes related to the pandemic.

ABSTRACT Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the association between the triglyceride glucose index (TyG index) and sleep quality and to establish a cut-off value for the TyG index based on the prevalence of subjects with insulin resistance (IR). Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study involved Brazilian health professionals (20-59 years). A total of 138 subjects answered the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality questionnaire to evaluate sleep quality. They were categorized into two groups: good sleep quality (global score ≤ 5 points) and poor sleep quality (global score ≥ 6 points). Also, we classified the subjects as having a high (>8.08 or >4.38) or low TyG index (≤8.08 or ≤4.38). Results: The majority of the subjects (70%) with high TyG index values (>8.08 or >4.38) reported poor sleep quality (p ≤ 0.001). Those with poor sleep quality had a 1.44-fold higher prevalence of IR (TyG index >8.08 or >4.38) compared to those with good sleep quality, regardless of sex, total cholesterol, LDL/HDL ratio, insulin, complement C3, CRP, and adiponectin (p ≤ 0.001). Conclusion: Our data showed a positive and significant association between the TyG index and poor sleep quality. Thus, these findings support the association between poor sleep quality and IR.

Introdução: Os distúrbios alimentares são síndromes comportamentais que têm uma etiologia multifatorial envolvendo fatores genéticos, psicológicos e socioculturais. A preocupação com a imagem corporal e, como consequência, a maior incidência de distúrbios alimentares, tornou-se um grande fardo entre os profissionais de saúde. Objetivo: Avaliar a distorção e insatisfação da imagem corporal e o risco de distúrbios alimentares. Métodos: Estudo transversal, com 225 profissionais e estudantes dos últimos dois anos de cursos da área de saúde, de um município da Região Sudeste do Brasil. A distorção da imagem corporal e a insatisfação corporal foram medidas pela escala de silhuetas e comparadas com o índice de massa corporal real. O risco de distúrbios alimentares foi avaliado por meio do Teste de Atitude Alimentar (EAT-26). Resultados: A prevalência da distorção da imagem corporal no nível "percepção de ver-se maior" foi de 76,89%; 52,00% dos participantes desejavam perder peso, com a maior prevalência entre as mulheres (78,63%). Alguns fatores foram determinantes para estes resultados, entre eles, ser do sexo feminino, ter excesso de gordura corporal, maior circunferência da cintura e IMC. Ao avaliar o risco de desenvolver transtorno alimentar, os profissionais que se viam menores do que realmente são (20,51%) e aqueles que estavam satisfeitos com sua imagem corporal (22,64%) tinham o maior risco. Conclusão: Distorção e insatisfação com a imagem corporal foram altamente prevalentes entre os profissionais de saúde, especialmente os nutricionistas. A circunferência da cintura acima ou igual a 94 cm para homens e 80 cm para mulheres e o IMC elevado aumentaram as chances de distorção e insatisfação da imagem corporal.

A prevalência de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, como as dislipidemias, o excesso de peso e as complicações rela- cionadas ao estado inflamatório têm aumentado em todo o mundo. Neste cenário, produtos alimentícios com alegações benéficas no tratamento e/ou prevenção destas condições surgem como promessas, muitas vezes, sem respaldo científi- co. A farinha de banana verde (FBV) tem ganhado espaço na mídia como uma possível promotora de efeitos positivos à saúde, mas não existem estudos controlados sobre seus reais efeitos em humanos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar os impactos do consumo da FBV no peso corporal, perfil lipídico, parâmetros inflamatórios e no consumo alimentar de mulheres adultas com excesso de peso. Foi realizado um estudo de intervenção no qual 25 mulheres adultas com excesso de peso consumiram, diariamente, 20g de FBV, durante 45 dias. O protocolo do estudo incluiu avaliações antropométricas, de composição corporal, consumo alimentar, perfil lipídico e determinação de parâmetros inflamatórios séricos. A idade média das participantes foi 34 anos, com Índice de Massa Corporal médio de 27,7 kg/m². O consumo da FBV não alterou o peso, a composição corporal, o perfil lipídico e os parâmetros inflamatórios. Houve aumento na ingestão de fibras (varia- ção no consumo mediano de 12,72g para 14,16g; p=0,031), embora a necessidade nutricional deste nutriente não tenha sido alcançada (25g/dia). O consumo isolado da FBV não promoveu alterações corporais e metabólicas significativas. A adoção de medidas isoladas oferece efeitos limitados e deve ser desencorajada como única forma de melhora da saúde.

Objective To identify possible relations between serum uric acid levels and metabolic syndrome and its components in a population with cardiometabolic risk. Methods This cross-sectional study included 80 subjects (46 women), with mean age of 48±16 years, seen at the Cardiovascular Health Program. Results The prevalence of hyperuricemia and metabolic syndrome was 6.3% and 47.1%, respectively. Uric acid level was significantly higher in individuals with metabolic syndrome (5.1±1.6mg/dL), as compared to those with no syndrome or with pre-syndrome (3.9±1.2 and 4.1±1.3mg/dL, respectively; p