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FORÉS TOMÁS, C. ; GALÁN SERRANO, J. ; FELIP F.. Sustainability from design. Critical overview, analysis and disambiguation En: ICERI2018 Proceedings. 11th annual International Conference of Education, Research and Innovation (Seville, Spain. 12-14 November, 2018.): IATED, 2019, p. 5597-5603. ISBN 978-84-09-05948-5 DOI 10.21125/iceri.2018.0230 Sustainable human development has become a need in today's globalised world. Design, understood as a cultural phenomenon, is not unrelated to this need, as can be seen both in practice through many of the products designed with sustainable values, and in theory through the numerous publications that are being produced around issues related to sustainable processes. However, the complexity of the significance of sustainable design demands a critical approach to the concept of sustainability in order to establish a disambiguation of the term, which is misused in many contexts. This paper offers a global analysis that integrates the origins, evolution, components and situation of sustainable design in the socio-economic framework, with the aim of breaking with partial approaches and helping to understand the term correctly, while proposing the basis for moving towards a change in the current model. In order to disambiguate the term of sustainable design, this study uses a methodology based both on the analysis of works by relevant authors in the design field (Bonsiepe, Manzini, Margolín, Papanek, Cortina) and on the analysis of relevant bibliographical sources belonging to different fields, such as economic, business, ecological and social, establishing relationships and differentiations with the terms of ecodevelopment, ecodesign, globalism, growth, ecological balance and circular economy. The results of the present work show that for the disambiguation of the term sustainability it is necessary to simultaneously consider 5 areas: economic, political, environmental, social and cultural, and point out the current pre-eminence of an economicist vision of the term that is made visible through an excessive faith in technology, a biased vision of sustainability that benefits the current economic system, the integration of the social factor exclusively from the responsibility of the company, and a vision of the future based on a design that lacks the necessary critical foundation to stop feeding a culture based on unsustainable consumption and production models. As this is a timely topic, the relevance of this study for the field of design lies in two aspects: on the one hand, it allows the current designer to better understand the concept of sustainability, moving it away from a biased view, normally oriented only towards commercial purposes; on the other hand, in the field of education, the results of the study can be easily integrated into the curriculum of the current Degrees in Industrial Design, allowing the students and future designers to enrich their training with a more complete and critical view of the term, while at the same time allowing them to understand the need to integrate ethical values into the design process.

La elevada competencia del mercado actual dificulta la contratación de proyectos singulares de viviendas unifamiliares. Por ello, resulta necesario agudizar el ingenio para ofrecer al cliente una visión diferencial respecto a las propuestas de otros competidores. En este contexto, se propone incorporar al propio usuario en el proceso proyectual durante la fase de desarrollo conceptual de la propuesta constructiva, utilizando la Realidad Virtual (RV). Sumergir al usuario en una experiencia sensorial inmersiva le permitiría vivir su propio espacio habitable antes de ser construido, permitiendo a diseñadores y arquitectos centrar la atención en el estudio personalizado de la iluminación natural y el diseño de los paramentos que actuaran como nexo entre el espacio interior y exterior de la vivienda. Esta forma de abordar el proyecto puede suponer una ventaja competitiva que contribuiría al posicionamiento del estudio arquitectónico como referente del mercado. Este trabajo analiza diferentes sistemas RV actuales que podrían ser adaptados durante el proceso de trabajo, y discute la ventaja que supone para los estudios de arquitectura esta metodología del proyecto frente a otras más convencionales. The high competitiveness of the current market makes it difficult to contract unique projects for single-family homes. Therefore, it is necessary to sharpen inventiveness in order to offer the customer a different vision compared to the proposals of other competitors. In this context, we propose to incorporate the user in the design process during the conceptual development stage of the construction proposal, using Virtual Reality (VR). Introducing the user to an immersive sensory experience would allow him/her to live his/her own living space before being built, allowing designers and architects to focus attention on the personalized study of natural lighting and the design of the walls that act as a connection between the interior and exterior space of the home. This way of approaching the project can provide a competitive advantage that would contribute to the positioning of the architectural studio as a referent in the market. This paper analyses different current VR systems that could be adapted during the work process, and discusses the advantage that this project methodology has for architectural studios compared to other more conventional ones.

[EN] In a scenario where different display technologies coexist, it is of interest for designers and publicists to know how to prepare the images in each case to make them more effective when presenting a product visually. This paper puts in value different works that have deepened in the study of these matters, and proposes the guidelines to follow for the design of an experiment that helps to understand how the assessment of a product can vary when being presented visually in a 3D or in a 2D display, helping to determine the features that a composition should have for the product to stand out in it and for the overall image to be more attractive., [ES] En un escenario donde coexisten distintas tecnologías de pantalla, resulta de interés para diseñadores y publicistas saber cómo preparar las imágenes en cada caso para que resulten más eficaces a la hora de presentar visualmente un producto. El presente artículo pone en valor distintos trabajos que han ahondado en el estudio de estas materias, y propone las pautas a seguir para el diseño de un experimento que ayude a entender cómo puede variar la valoración de un producto al ser presentado visualmente en una pantalla 3D o en una 2D, ayudando a determinar las características que debería tener una composición para que el producto destacara en ella y para que la imagen global resultase más atractiva., El presente trabajo forma parte del proyecto “Gaming technologies for digital content creation, management, visualization and sonification” (2017-2019, referencia TIN2016-75866-C3-1-R), subvencionado por el Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO), y el proyecto de investigación “Arte y Diseño en la nueva Sociedad Digital” (2016-18, referencia P1·1B2015-30), subvencionado por la Universitat Jaume I.

This work presents the results of a project carried out during the last academic year (2011/2012) with students in the first year of their Industrial Design and Product Development Engineering undergraduate studies at Universitat Jaume I (Castellon, Spain). It was an educational project focused on coordinating two subjects from the first year of the above-mentioned degree, namely, Materials I and Artistic Expression I. In this project, students had to work in groups on an assignment dealing with the materials used by renowned Spanish designers in some of their designs. The design was chosen by the students themselves. Each group was then asked to develop a Google Site about their chosen product, where they were to post the information about that product, the type of material used for each of the parts the product consists of, and the effect that choice of materials has had on the novelty of the design.

La ciudad actual se construye, desarrolla y practica desde la comunicación, y el lenguaje, clave en la formación del pensamiento, la cultura y las identidades, evoluciona en sociedad. Cabe por tanto reflexionar sobre la capacidad de los nuevos lenguajes que emergen de la integración de las nuevas tecnologías en el entorno urbano para proponer un nuevo tipo de comunicación con la ciudad que revitalice sus diferentes espacios. En este artículo se identifican las distintas tipologías de espacios públicos desde los que el ciudadano establece su relación con la ciudad. Así mismo, se estudia cómo una incorporación creativa de las NTIC en los soportes más habituales de estos lugares ayuda a percibirlos como espacios urbanos de relación vividos por el ciudadano desde la interacción, identificando claves que ayudan a entender mejor la comunicación en la urbe y su relación con la emergencia de una ciudad híbrida. Desde el análisis de significativas aportaciones creativas de la última década se identifican diferentes lenguajes y tipologías de comunicación que acontecen en la ciudad, reflexionando sobre tendencias y escenarios de interés para los campos del arte y el diseño orientados a reforzar el concepto de ciudad practicada que ayuda a canalizar la revitalización de los distintos espacios urbanos. ABSTRACT: The modern city is built, developed and practiced from communication, and language, key in the formation of thought, culture and identities, evolves in society. We should therefore consider the ability of new languages emerging from the integration of new technologies in the urban environment to propose a new type of communication with the city to revitalize its different spaces. This article describes the different types of public spaces from which citizens determine their relationship with the city. Similarly, we study how the creative incorporation of ICTs in the most usual elements of these places helps to perceive them as relationship urban spaces, experienced by the citizens through interaction, identifying clues that help us to better understand communication in the city and its relationship with the emergence of a hybrid city. From the analysis of significant creative contributions of the last decade different languages and types of communication that occur in the city are identified, reflecting on trends and scenarios relevant to the fields of art and design, aimed at strengthening the concept of a practiced city that aims to revitalize the various urban spaces.