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OBJECTIVE: Psychosocial stress contributes to asthma disparities for low-SES Latinx children, but primary and secondary control coping by children and parents is associated with better psychosocial and asthma outcomes. Therefore, we developed and pilot tested Adapt 2 Asthma (A2A), a family-based coping and asthma self-management intervention for low-SES Latinx families. METHODS: Children, parents, and primary care providers (N=16) participated in five focus groups to refine A2A’s content and delivery. Subsequently, families of children ages 9–12 with asthma (N=24) were recruited from primary care clinics and randomly assigned to receive A2A or enhanced usual care (EUC). RESULTS: Based on focus groups, A2A was refined to address feasibility, Latinx-specific cultural factors, and provider-family gaps. Results of the pilot RCT showed that 92% of families completed all sessions of A2A, and there were high levels of satisfaction with and fidelity to A2A. There were no statistically significant differences between the A2A and EUC groups at 3-month follow-up, although there were small, non-significant effects favoring A2A on parent-reported asthma control, parent secondary control coping, and emergency department visits. CONCLUSIONS: We found evidence of acceptability, feasibility, and potential benefits of A2A for low-SES Latinx families. Findings provide guidance for future implementation in primary care.

Aortitis is a classic manifestation of large vessel vasculitis. Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), sometimes known as Hughes syndrome, is an acquired autoimmune disorder that manifests clinically as recurrent venous or arterial thrombosis. Patients with APS may also suffer from various underlying diseases, most frequently systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome (CAPS) is a rare but serious complication of APS characterized by failure of several organs due to diffuse microcirculatory thrombi. Its main manifestations involve the kidneys, lungs, heart and central nervous system, and require early diagnosis and rapid therapeutic management. While APS can affect virtually any blood vessel, aortitis is not a known symptom of APS. We report the case of a 36-year-old patient with APS and SLE who presented with CAPS during pregnancy, with no concomitant SLE flare. The first manifestation of CAPS was aortitis, preceding renal, cardiac and haematological manifestations. The outcome was favourable with combined treatment including corticosteroids, anticoagulants, plasma exchange and rituximab. We then carried out a literature search for papers describing the presence of aortitis in APS and/or SLE. In the cases of aortic involvement identified in the literature, including another case of CAPS, the occurrence of aortitis in SLE, often associated with the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies/APS, suggests that aortitis should be considered as an under-recognized manifestation and potential non-criterion feature of APS.

Our understanding of bird song, a model system for animal communication and the neurobiology of learning, depends critically on making reliable, validated comparisons between the complex multidimensional syllables that are used in songs. However, most assessments of song similarity are based on human inspection of spectrograms, or computational methods developed from human intuitions. Using a novel automated operant conditioning system, we collected a large corpus of zebra finches’ (Taeniopygia guttata) decisions about song syllable similarity. We use this dataset to compare and externally validate similarity algorithms in widely-used publicly available software (Raven, Sound Analysis Pro, Luscinia). Although these methods all perform better than chance, they do not closely emulate the avian assessments. We then introduce a novel deep learning method that can produce perceptual similarity judgements trained on such avian decisions. We find that this new method outperforms the established methods in accuracy and more closely approaches the avian assessments. Inconsistent (hence ambiguous) decisions are a common occurrence in animal behavioural data; we show that a modification of the deep learning training that accommodates these leads to the strongest performance. We argue this approach is the best way to validate methods to compare song similarity, that our dataset can be used to validate novel methods, and that the general approach can easily be extended to other species.

— Natural gas (also known as fossil gas) is a hydrocarbon gas mixture that occurs naturally and is mostly composed of methane. It is a clean and efficient fuel that is frequently recommended. Its price fluctuates on a daily basis, based on a variety of factors such as location, demand, and manufacturing, to name a few. In this model, we are using the Machine learning algorithms to help predict the values. We chose Decision-Tree Regression Algorithm in this model. Algorithm based on decision trees belongs to the supervised learning algorithms category. It is suitable for both continuous and intermittent use in addition to category output variables.

Phelan–McDermid syndrome (PMS) is one of the most common genetic forms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). While sensory reactivity symptoms are widely reported in idiopathic ASD (iASD), few studies have examined sensory symptoms in PMS. The current study delineates the sensory reactivity phenotype and examines genotype–phenotype interactions in a large sample of children with PMS. Sensory reactivity was measured in a group of 52 children with PMS, 132 children with iASD, and 54 typically developing (TD) children using the Sensory Assessment for Neurodevelopmental Disorders (SAND). The SAND is a clinician-administered observation and corresponding caregiver interview that captures sensory symptoms based on the DSM-5 criteria for ASD. Children with PMS demonstrated significantly greater hyporeactivity symptoms and fewer hyperreactivity and seeking symptoms compared to children with iASD and TD controls. There were no differences between those with Class I deletions or sequence variants and those with larger Class II deletions, suggesting that haploinsufficiency of SHANK3 is the main driver of the sensory phenotype seen in PMS. The syndrome-specific sensory phenotype identified in this study is distinct from other monogenic forms of ASD and offers insight into the potential role of SHANK3 deficiency in sensory reactivity. Understanding sensory reactivity abnormalities in PMS, in the context of known glutamatergic dysregulation, may inform future clinical trials in the syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: The current study utilized visual evoked potentials (VEPs) to examine excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic activity in children with Phelan-McDermid syndrome (PMS) and the association with genetic factors. PMS is caused by haploinsufficiency of SHANK3 on chromosome 22 and represents a common single-gene cause of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability. METHOD: Transient VEPs were obtained from 175 children, including 31 with PMS, 79 with idiopathic ASD, 45 typically developing controls, and 20 unaffected siblings of children with PMS. Stimuli included standard and short-duration contrast-reversing checkerboard conditions and the reliability between these two conditions was assessed. Test-retest reliability and correlations with deletion size were explored in the group with PMS. RESULTS: Children with PMS and, to a lesser extent, those with idiopathic ASD, displayed significantly smaller amplitudes and decreased beta and gamma band activity relative to TD controls and PMS siblings. Across groups, high intraclass correlation coefficients were obtained between standard and short-duration conditions. In children with PMS, test-retest reliability was strong. Deletion size was significantly correlated with P(60)-N(75) amplitude for both conditions. CONCLUSION: Children with PMS displayed distinct transient VEP waveform abnormalities in both time and frequency domains that might reflect underlying glutamatergic deficits which were associated with deletion size. A similar response pattern was observed in a subset of children with idiopathic ASD. VEPs offer a noninvasive measure of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission that holds promise for stratification and surrogate endpoints in ongoing clinical trials in PMS and ASD.

Integrated behavioral health services have positive outcomes for patients and providers, but little is known about providers’ perspectives on implementing these services. This community-based participatory research collaboration with a Federally Qualified Health Center examined provider perspectives on implementing a collaborative psychiatry consultation program in pediatric primary care. We interviewed providers (N = 14) from psychiatry, social work, primary care, and psychology regarding their experiences implementing the program, and their recommendations for its sustainability. Providers described interdisciplinary integration arising from the program, with accompanying benefits (e.g., increased access to care for patients with complex diagnostic profiles, increased learning and role satisfaction among providers), and challenges (e.g., increased burden on primary care providers, potential patient discomfort with team-based care). Our results highlight the complexities of implementing collaborative psychiatry consultation in pediatric primary care, and suggest the importance of supporting primary care providers and patients within this context.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) affects individuals across all racial and ethnic groups, yet rates of diagnosis are disproportionately higher for Black and Hispanic children. Caregivers of children with ASD experience significant stressors, which have been associated with parental strain, inadequate utilization of mental health services and lower quality of life. The family peer advocate (FPA) model has been utilized across service delivery systems to provide family-to-family support, facilitate engagement, and increase access to care. This study used a randomized controlled design to examine the efficacy of FPAs in a racially and ethnically diverse sample. Results demonstrate significantly increased knowledge of ASD and reduced levels of stress for caregivers who received the FPA intervention as compared to treatment as usual.

Sybil attacks are the major problems occurred in the distributed systems without trusted identities. It occur when the one-to-one relationship between a node and its identity is violated. This is occurred by an attacker creates multiple pseudonymous identities and pretends to be multiple, distinct nodes in the system. Intent search is another important function in social network. It mostly depends on surrounding text features which leads to noisy search result. In this paper a new Sybil defence mechanism is introduced that is Sybil protector, in order to defend against attacks in social networks. It is efficient and scalable to large social network. Network topologies are used by the Sybil protector to defend against Sybil attacks in social networks. It can effectively identify the Sybil nodes and detect the Sybil community around a Sybil node. And also limits the number of attack edges in online social networks. Here also included a novel internet image search which only requires one-click user feedback. For that expanded keywords are used to create positive example images and to include more relevant images it enlarge the image pool. It consist of four steps.1) Adaptive similarity.2) Keyword expansion. 3) Visual query expansion. Intent image search is very effective because it has extremely simple user interface. IndexTerms: Sybil attack, Sybil identity, social networks, attack edge, keyword expansion.

In the last few years, social media spread around the globe. Being a substantial and integral part in today’s everyday life of many people, especially online social networks (OSNs) changed communication behavior fundamentally. Unfortunately, not everybody is integrated in this “new everyday life” yet. In our research, we focus on this important issue of e-inclusion and participation of people with intellectual disabilities in social media. In the context of this paper, we will present a methodology on how to evaluate the perceived ease of use of social media applications by people with intellectual disability. Moreover, we will pre-validate this methodology by applying it in a test setting with a customized barrier-free OSN, developed in our research group. This is the first step for developing a target group specific acceptance model, based on the technology acceptance model.

Background: A survey was conducted in 1992 in Los Angeles County, California, to assess changes since an earlier survey in 1989 in the numbers of acute care hospitals that had established policies on measles, mumps, and rubella infection control and the extent to which these policies were implemented. Methods: A questionnaire inquiring about measles, mumps, and rubella infection control was sent to ICPs of 133 acute care hospitals in Los Angeles County. The results were compared with those of a similar survey conducted in 1989. The increase in the number of hospitals with such policies between 1989 and 1992 was analyzed. Results: In 1989, 29 (28%), 9 (9%), and 65 (64%) of the 102 respondent hospitals had measles, mumps, and rubella infection control policies, respectively. Larger proportions of the 95 respondent hospitals in 1992 had measles (56, 59%), mumps (15, 16%), and rubella (69, 73%) infection control policies. Conclusions: The number of hospitals with infection control policies for measles, mumps, and rubella increased from 1989 to 1992. Efficiency and scope of such policies varied, however, and could be improved by making the policies mandatory, requiring written documentation of employee immunity, and extending policies to cover all employees. The most dramatic increase was in the number of hospitals with infection control policies for measles; this increase may have been caused by the 1987 to 1989 measles epidemic in Los Angeles County, by increased awareness of the Immunization Practices Advisory Committee recommendations, or by increased sensitivity to the issue of infection control triggered by the 1989 survey.

MIDAS is a new distributed environment which was specifically designed for use by a team of spacecraft designers. It allows them to perform the following tasks ( I ) enter in the most natural graphical way their methodology for designing their element of the project and interconnect the elements together (2) use as input the requirements levied on each element by the and by the elements being designed by other design engineers (3) use a heterogene~us et of commercial design tools such as NASTRAN and SPICE, resident on different computing platforms, to be automatically executed as part of the certification and eventual execution of the methodology (4) use, in addition, userdefined FORTRAN or "C" codes (5) run on a variety of platforms from parallel computers such as the ~ e l t a o r Cray, to workstations, personal computers and Macintoshes ( 6 ) allow algorithms for the multidisciplinary optimization of the system to be investigated by allowing the operator to compare different techniques for searching the solution space. A group of JPL spacecraft designers designed a mock space project using MIDAS and the results are presented.

Phosphocholine (PC)-specific antibodies that arise in the mouse in response to Proteus morganii (PM) and use V1-DFL16.1-JH1 are characterized by a number of recurring mutations. Most striking is an invariant A for G substitution in codon 95 of VH which results in an asparagine instead of aspartate at that position. Because of the apparent importance of this substitution in an anti-PC(PM) response, we wanted to determine the molecular basis for this base change. A cDNA library derived from pre-immune splenic B cells was examined for the frequency of VDJ containing the A substitution at 95 and the presence of additional point mutations in these sequences. Six different cDNA were isolated which contained an A substitution at the VD junction (frequency 0.00009); a seventh positive cDNA could not be examined. The V segments of four of these cDNA matched known germline genes and were, therefore, unmutated. Two others closely matched V in families whose members have not all been characterized, hence, it is not known whether the mutations observed are somatic or germline in origin. Sequences of 35 cDNA clones, containing the same V segment but differing in D, J and junctional nucleotides, revealed no mutations. These results indicate that the A substitution generated at codon 95 is most likely a product of V-DJ joining.

Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of figural complexity on the rate of mental rotation of 3-dimensional figures and to compare the performance of men and women. Complexity was manipulated in three ways: by changing the number of blocks in the figure (7 or 10), by altering the number of turns (2 or 3), and by using outline or solid figures. In the first study, these factors were manipulated between groups of subjects. Women showed steeper slopes than men, but none of the complexity variables affected either slope or intercept for the mental rotation function. In the second study, number of turns and number of blocks were manipulated within-subjects, using only the solid figures. There were significant sex differences in both slope and intercept, and the number of blocks affected the slope of the rotation function. In both studies, a small percentage of the subjects showed nonlinear functions relating angular rotation to response time. Although the women consistently showed slower rotation functions, rate of rotation did not relate either to figural complexity or to nonlinearity. The results suggest that the rate of mental rotation is not affected by figural complexity, at least at the levels used in the present study, and that men and women employ essentially similar strategies.

Funding: This project was supported by BBSRC Grant BB/S003223/1 (EV, JG), Royal Society Grant UF150663 (SP), Novo Nordisk Foundation Grant NNF14CC0001 (LJJ), ERC Horizon 2020 Grant Agreement 833504 SPANUMBRA, PRIN 2017 and ERC-SH4-A (2017PSRHPZ) to GV. Left–right asymmetries in the nervous system (lateralisation) influence a broad range of behaviours, from social responses to navigation and language. The role and pathways of endogenous and environmental mechanisms in the ontogeny of lateralisation remains to be established. The domestic chick is a model of both endogenous and experience-induced lateralisation driven by light exposure. Following the endogenous rightward rotation of the embryo, the asymmetrical position in the egg results in a greater exposure of the right eye to environmental light. To identify the genetic pathways activated by asymmetric light stimulation, and their time course, we exposed embryos to different light regimes: darkness, 6 h of light and 24 h of light. We used RNA-seq to compare gene expression in the right and left retinas and telencephalon. We detected differential gene expression in right vs left retina after 6 h of light exposure. This difference was absent in the darkness condition and had already disappeared by 24 h of light exposure, suggesting that light-induced activation is a self-terminating phenomenon. This transient effect of light exposure was associated with a downregulation of the sensitive-period mediator gene DIO2 (iodothyronine deiodinase 2) in the right retina. No differences between genes expressed in the right vs. left telencephalon were detected. Gene networks associated with lateralisation were connected to vascularisation, cell motility, and the extracellular matrix. Interestingly, we know that the extracellular matrix—including the differentially expressed PDGFRB gene—is involved in morphogenesis, sensitive periods, and in the endogenous chiral mechanism of primary cilia, that drives lateralisation. Our data show a similarity between endogenous and experience-driven lateralisation, identifying functional gene networks that affect lateralisation in a specific time window. Publisher PDF

Women from Southeast Asia have participated in one of the most dramatic influxes of immigrants to arrive in the U.S. Between 1975 and 1983, 283,000 refugees settled in California. By March, 1986, population growth and secondary migration increased the total number of Southeast Asians in California to 350,000.