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O presente estudo foi realizado na região Oeste do Paraná, considerada o polo agropecuário da produção de peixes do Estado, região que concentra 17 frigoríficos de abate e industrialização de pescados, tem como objetivo informar o produtor em relação à engorda do lote, bem como sobre as análises da qualidade da água do viveiro com o intuito de verificar as falhas de manejo que contribuem para a disparidade de tamanho final dos peixes. Durante cinco meses (out/18 a fev/19) foram monitorados seis viveiros em quatro pequenas propriedades localizadas no município de Toledo-PR. Para a biometria foram utilizadas amostragens com 50 indivíduos por viveiro, pesados e medidos individualmente. A disparidade de peso foi calculada utilizando-se o desvio padrão amostral de cada lote. A sonda multiparâmetros foi utilizada para mensurar: temperatura, pH, condutividade elétrica, sólidos totais dissolvidos, oxigênio dissolvido e turbidez. Os resultados demonstraram forte correlação entre turbidez, sólidos totais dissolvidos e condutividade elétrica com a disparidade de tamanho das tilápias. Foi observado superlotação dos viveiros. O desvio padrão de peso aumentou à medida que os peixes cresceram. Conclui-se que a qualidade da água afeta diretamente o desenvolvimento dos peixes e a falta de manejo adequado deste ambiente, contribui para com o aumento da disparidade de peso e tamanho das tilápias.

To determine the effect of rivers, environmental conditions, and isolation by distance on the distribution of species in Amazonia. Location: Brazilian Amazonia. Time period: Current. Major taxa studied: Birds, fishes, bats, ants, termites, butterflies, ferns + lycophytes, gingers and palms. We compiled a unique dataset of biotic and abiotic information from 822 plots spread over the Brazilian Amazon. We evaluated the effects of environment, geographic distance and dispersal barriers (rivers) on assemblage composition of animal and plant taxa using multivariate techniques and distance- and raw-data-based regression approaches. Environmental variables (soil/water), geographic distance, and rivers were associated with the distribution of most taxa. The wide and relatively old Amazon River tended to determine differences in community composition for most biological groups. Despite this association, environment and geographic distance were generally more important than rivers in explaining the changes in species composition. The results from multi-taxa comparisons suggest that variation in community composition in Amazonia reflects both dispersal limitation (isolation by distance or by large rivers) and the adaptation of species to local environmental conditions. Larger and older river barriers influenced the distribution of species. However, in general this effect is weaker than the effects of environmental gradients or geographical distance at broad scales in Amazonia, but the relative importance of each of these processes varies among biological groups.

Studies about fish assemblages in Brazilian streams have grown in recent years, however, it remains unclear whether this increase is followed by increments in the diversity of addressed topics and theoretical frameworks adopted by researchers. We performed a systematic search for Brazilian studies on stream fish assemblages recording study region, publication year, objectives, and spatial and temporal scales adopted. The number of studies is unevenly distributed among regions. Most papers describe the general structure of local fish assemblages and their scientific objectives have not varied through time. Studies have been conducted mainly at small temporal and spatial scales, though the latter is increasing over time. We argue for the need of focusing on recently developed ecological theories and frameworks, and expanding the temporal and spatial scales of studies. These changes will improve regional and local conservation policies, and the visibility of aquatic Brazilian research in the global scientific community. © 2016 Associação Brasileira de Ciência Ecológica e Conservação

A pesca na Amazônia é uma das atividades mais antigas e importantes; entretanto a atividade pesqueira tem passado por um rápido processo de modernização. Os moradores da comunidade de Boas Novas, no Lago do Janauacá AM são, em sua maioria, pescadores-lavradores. No presente trabalho procedeu-se um levantamento de aspectos etnoictiológicos através de entrevistas semi-estruturadas com o objetivo de relacionar a dieta das espécies de peixes citadas na literatura e pelos moradores da comunidade de Boas Novas e a forma com que adquiriram tal conhecimento. Houve correlação de 83% entre as informações dos pescadores e as encontradas na literatura. A maioria dos informantes adquiriu esse conhecimento através da observação na natureza, do tipo de isca que se usa para cada espécie, tratando os peixes ou informados por outras pessoas; havendo diferenças entre homens e mulheres. Fishing in Amazônia is one of the oldest and most important activities; however, fishing has undergone a rapid process of modernization. The formers inhabitants of Boas novas community on the Lake of Janauacá - AM are mostly fisherman. In the present work a recording of ethnoichthyologic aspects was conducted through semi-structured interviews aiming to relate the fish diet mentioned in the literature and by community's inhabitants of Boas Novas, and how they acquired such knowledge. There was a correlation of 83% between the fishermen information and the literature. Most of the informants acquired their knowledge through observing nature, bait type used for each species, fish with respect to this preparing or information received from other people; there are differences between men and women knowledge.", 'en

AIM: Floodplains occupy a vast area of the Amazon basin but little is known of how their physical and limnological characteristics respond to local and regional ecological processes. In the Negro River basin and its main tributary, the Branco River, there are large areas that are seasonally flooded by water from local rainfall and that are not directly connected to major rivers. One such area is the floodplain of Viruá National Park, in Roraima state, northern Brazil. METHODS: The physical and chemical limnological characteristics of 19 plots in this area were monitored over three years (2008‑2010), with samples collected each year at the beginning and end of the rainy season (May to August). RESULTS: The water bodies studied had low mean values for electrical conductivity (22.0 ± 14.0 µS*cm-1) and pH (4.8 ± 0.7), relatively high temperatures (26.6 ± 2.7 °C), and moderate values for dissolved oxygen saturation (43.0 ± 21.5%) and water transparency (87.9 ± 38.7 cm). There was no significant difference in the limnological characteristics of the aquatic plots between the beginning and end of the rainy seasons in 2008 and 2010, but there were significant differences in 2009 due to an atypical rainfall pattern with two short dry spells during the rainy season. Multivariate analysis showed that the highest temporal variations in the limnological characteristics of the aquatic plots resulted from changes in water transparency, and these changes were related to soil type, elevation of the plot, and the particular micro-basins to which they were connected. CONCLUSIONS: This dynamic is different from that of most floodplains in the Amazon region, where the limnological pattern is well-defined seasonally and strongly dependent on the direct connectivity to large river systems. Floodplains not connected to large rivers should receive special attention in relation to the expected impacts of global climate change because of their high dependence on local rainfall. OBJETIVOS: As planícies alagáveis da Amazônia ocupam uma vasta área e compreender os padrões das características limnológicas dessas planícies é de grande importância para os processos ecológicos locais e regionais. Na bacia do rio Negro e de seu principal afluente, o rio Branco, há grandes áreas sazonalmente alagadas que são abastecidas principalmente por chuvas locais e não são conectadas diretamente com grandes rios. Uma dessas áreas é a planície alagável do Parque Nacional do Viruá, em Roraima, no extremo norte do Brasil. MÉTODOS: Foram monitoradas as características físicas e limnológicas de 19 parcelas durante três anos (2008 - 2010), com coletas realizadas no início e no fim do período de chuvas (maio - agosto). RESULTADOS: Os corpos d’água estudados apresentaram baixos valores médios de condutividade elétrica (22.0 ± 14,0 µS*cm-1) e pH (4.8 ± 0.7). A temperatura foi relativamente alta (26.6 ± 2.7 °C) e o oxigênio dissolvido teve valores moderados de saturação (43.0 ± 21.5%). A transparência da água apresentou grande oscilação espacial e temporal (87.9 ± 38.7 cm). Não houve diferenças significativas nas características limnológicas das parcelas aquáticas entre o início e o fim dos períodos chuvosos de 2008 e 2010, mas houveram em 2009 devido a um regime de chuvas atípico. Análises multivariadas evidenciaram que as maiores variações temporais nas características limnológicas das parcelas aquáticas são resultantes de mudanças estocásticas da transparência da água, o que está relacionado com o tipo de solo, altitude das parcelas e com a microbacia à qual está conectada. CONCLUSÕES: Essa dinâmica é diferente da maioria dos ambientes de várzea da região, onde o padrão da dinâmica limnológica é fortemente dependente de uma conexão direta com grandes sistemas fluviais. Planícies alagáveis não conectadas a grandes rios deveriam receber especial atenção em relação aos impactos esperados decorrentes das mudanças climáticas devido à sua grande dependência do regime de precipitação local.

The database of the Brazilian Program for Biodiversity Research (PPBio; GIVD ID SA-BR-001) includes data on the environment and biological groups such as plants. It is organized by site, which is usually a grid with 10 to 72 uniformly-distributed plots, and has already surveyed 1,638 relevés across different Brazilian ecosystems. The sampling design is based on the RAPELD system to allow integration of data from diverse taxa and ecosystem processes. RAPELD is a spatially-explicit sampling scheme to monitor biodiversity in long-term ecological research sites and during rapid appraisals of biodiversity that has attracted support from many management agencies, which are using it as their long-term monitoring system. Vegetation surveys include measurements of cover, biomass and number of individuals from woody and herbaceous vascular plants, along with environmental data. We have recently migrated to a metadata catalog and data repository which allows searching for specific groups across all sites. All RAPELD data have been collected since 2001, though the site also allows data from other long-term plots to be archived as associated projects.