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本稿は, 臨床検査技師として多職種連携に必要なノンテクニカルスキルを概説する．香川県立保健医療大学保健医療学部臨床検査学科の学生対象にノンテクニカルスキルを学習する新授業科目「地域チーム医療論」を紹介する．The present paper reviews the current state of nontechnical skills required for interprofessional collaboration as medical technologists. The authors have developed a new class "Community and Team Medicine" for medical technology students to learn nontechnical skills.

我々は以前，Caco-2 細胞層単層を介した緑膿菌PAO1 株のバクテリアルトランスロケーションに関与する21 の遺伝子を同定した．この研究では，線毛関連遺伝子とCaco-2 細胞層透過活性との関連が不明なままであるため，線毛関連遺伝子トランスポゾン挿入変異株に焦点を当てた．緑膿菌PAO1 株および12 の線毛関連遺伝子変異株を用いて，Caco-2 細胞層透過活性試験，IV 型線毛タンパク質PilA の検出Caco-2 細胞への付着実験，およびキイロショウジョウバエに対する病原性試験を行った．すべての線毛関連遺伝子変異株は，PAO1 株と比較してCaco-2 細胞層透過活性の有意な低下を示した．さらに，線毛関連遺伝子変異株ではCaco-2 細胞への付着，およびキイロショウジョウバエに対する病原性の減少がみられ，細胞表面のIV 型線毛タンパク質PilA の喪失が観察された．これらの結果は，IV 型線毛を介した機能が，Caco-2 細胞への細菌の付着，その後のCaco-2 細胞層への透過，およびキイロショウジョウバエにおける細菌の病原性に不可欠であることを示唆している．線毛関連遺伝子の変異は，細胞表面のPilA の喪失を引き起こし，Caco-2 細胞層への透過に大きな影響を及ぼし，その結果，緑膿菌の病原性を低下させる可能性がある． We have previously identified 21 genes involved in the bacterial translocation of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 strain through Caco-2 cell monolayers. In this study, we focused on transposon insertion mutants of the pili-associated gene because the association of this gene with the penetration activity of Pseudomonas through Caco-2 cell monolayers is not clear. Using P. aeruginosa PAO1 and 12 pili-associated gene mutants, we investigated the adherence of Pseudomonas to Caco-2 cells, its permeability through the cell monolayers, detection of type IV pilus protein PilA, and bacterial pathogenicity to Drosophila melanogaster . Our results indicate that all of the P. aeruginosa pili-associated gene mutants showed significant repression of bacterial penetration through Caco-2 cell monolayers. In addition, the pili-associated gene mutants showed reduced adherence to the monolayers as well as low virulence in flies. The mutants also displayed a loss of the type IV pilus protein PilA on their cell surface. These results suggest that type IV pilus-mediated function is essential for primary bacterial adherence to Caco-2 cells, subsequent penetration of Caco-2 cell monolayers, and pathogenicity of P. aeruginosa in Drosophila melanogaster . Further, mutation of the pili-associated gene caused loss of the cell surface protein PilA, which might significantly affect bacterial penetration of the Caco-2 cell monolayers, consequently reducing the pathogenicity of P. aeruginosa.

Owing to vascular malformations, it is difficult to perform catheter operation following the radial artery approach in percutaneous coronary intervention for acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) with Kommerell’s diverticulum on the right-sided aortic arch. However, only few studies have reported the use of the femoral artery approach to achieve early reperfusion; however, there is no established approach for patients with a right-sided aortic arch. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed the usefulness of the femoral artery approach in patients with STEMI and a right-sided aorta from January 2010 to March 2021.The total number of computed tomography (CT) cases was 180,514, of which 2 involved STEMI. In one of the two cases, the right radial artery approach was used. Therefore, only one patient with STEMI with a right-sided aortic arch underwent and operation using the femoral artery approach. In this patient, early revascularization was achieved with a door-to-balloon time of 70 min, suggesting the usefulness of the femoral artery approach.

Titanium(iii) and titanium(iv) formate complexes supported by the sterically encumbering tris(phenolato)amine ligand (H3(O3N) = tris(4,6-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxybenzyl)amine) are described.

The field of artificial metalloenzymes (ArMs) is rapidly growing and ArMs are attracting increasing attention, for example, in the fields of biosensing and drug therapy. Protein-engineering methods that are commonly used to tailor the properties of natural enzymes are more frequently included in the design of ArMs. In particular, directed evolution allows the fine-tuning of ArMs, ultimately assisting in the development of their enormous potential. The integration of ArMs in whole cells enables their in vivo application and facilitates high-throughput directed-evolution methodologies. In this Review, we highlight the recent progress of whole-cell conversions and applications of ArMs and critically discuss their limitations and prospects. To focus on ArMs and their specific properties, advantages and challenges, the evolution of natural enzymes for non-natural reactions will not be covered. Artificial metalloenzymes (ArMs) combine the reaction scope of chemocatalysts with the selectivity of enzymes. This Review discusses the prospects and recent progress in utilizing ArMs in whole cells for applications in diverse areas such as drug therapy and integration with biosynthetic pathways.

Chemistry - a European journal 28(56), e202201480 (2022). doi:10.1002/chem.202201480, Published by Wiley-VCH, Weinheim

Directed evolution has helped enzyme engineering to remarkable successes in the past. A main challenge in directed evolution is to find the most suitable starting point, that is, an enzyme that all...

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Chemogenetic engineering of metalloproteins emerges as a powerful strategy to generate proteins that catalyze non-natural reactions or convert non-natural substrates. Here, we report on an artificial metalloenzyme (ArM) based on the β-barrel protein nitrobindin (NB) equipped with a manganese protoporphyrin IX catalyst (MnPPIX@NB) for the epoxidation of aromatic alkenes. After exchanging the metal cofactor and two rounds of directed evolution, our ArM shows improved activity (>7-fold increase) with an ee of 20%. The evolution campaign also revealed the importance of the proximal ligand for peroxide activation and subsequent oxygen atom transfer. By utilizing cell adhesion-promoting peptides, a facile strategy is presented to immobilize ArMs on the surface of E. coli cells for on-cell catalysis and chemogenetic engineering of ArMs.

A hetero-tetranuclear CeNi3 complex with a macrocyclic ligand catalysed the aerobic oxygenation of a methylene group adjacent to a carbonyl group under visible-light radiation to produce the corresponding α-diketones. The visible-light induced homolysis of the Ce–O bond of a bis(enolate) intermediate is proposed prior to aerobic oxygenation.

A modified Cp*Ru complex, equipped with a maleimide group, was covalently attached to a cysteine of an engineered variant of Ferric hydroxamate uptake protein component: A (FhuA). This synthetic metalloprotein catalyzed the intermolecular alkene-alkyne coupling of 3-butenol with 5-hexynenitrile. When compared with the protein-free Cp*Ru catalyst, the biohybrid catalyst produced the linear product with higher regioselectivity.

This study aimed to identify the strategies used by forensic community mental health nurses to resolve difficulties in supporting offenders with mental disorders under the Medical Treatment and Supervision Act in Japan.Interviews were conducted with 13 nurses, and the data were analyzed using content analysis.The study identified the strategies for difficulties in (a) assessing and managing risk potential of forensic service patients, (b) addressing offending behavior, (c) managing the transition of patients, (d) supporting patients to understand the impact of justice processes and applying knowledge of legislation to nursing, and (e) promoting the role of forensic community mental health nurses within the multidisciplinary team.The findings can benefit and support forensic community mental health nurses' practices. The Japanese forensic community mental health nurses experiencing difficulties and providing home visits to patients can utilize the identified strategies.

Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie : ZAAC = Journal of inorganic and general chemistry e202200315 (2022). doi:10.1002/zaac.202200315, Published by Wiley-VCH, Weinheim

International audience; Protonolysis of [Cp*M] (M=Ga, In, Tl) with [(Me(4)TACD)H][BAr4Me] (Me(4)TACD=N,N ',N '',N '''-tetramethyl-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane; [BAr4Me](-)=[B{C6H3-3,5-(CH3)(2)}(4)](-)) provided monovalent salts [(Me(4)TACD)M][BAr4Me], whereas [Cp*Al](4) yielded trivalent [(Me(4)TACD)AlH][BAr4Me](2). Protonation of [(Me(4)TACD)Ga][BAr4Me] with [Et3NH][BAr4Me] gave an unusually acidic (pK(a)(CH3CN)=24.5) gallium(III) hydride dication [(Me(4)TACD)GaH][BAr4Me](2). Deprotonation with IMe4 (1,3,4,5-tetramethyl-imidazol-ylidene) returned [(Me(4)TACD)Ga][BAr4Me]. These reversible processes occur with formal two-electron oxidation and reduction of gallium. DFT calculations suggest that gallium(I) protonation is facilitated by strong coordination of the tetradentate ligand, which raises the HOMO energy. High nuclear charge of [(Me(4)TACD)GaH](2+) facilitates hydride-to-metal charge transfer during deprotonation. Attempts to prepare a gallium(III) dihydride cation resulted in spontaneous dehydrogenation to [(Me(4)TACD)Ga](+).

International audience; The use of the 15-membered NNNNN macrocyclic ligand Me(5)PACP (Me(5)PACP = 1,4,7,10,13-pentamethyl-1,4,7,10,13-pentaazacyclopentadecane) allowed the isolation of two cationic strontium hydride complexes by hydrogenolysis of benzyl precursors. Treatment of sparingly soluble [(Me(5)PACP)-Sr(CH2Ph)(2)] with dihydrogen gave free Me(5)PACP, toluene, and oligomeric strontium hydride [SrH2](n), while hydrogenolysis in the presence of 1 equiv of the benzyl cation [(Me(5)PACP)Sr(CH2Ph)]-[B(C6H3-3,5-Me-2)(4)] enabled isolation of the thermally unstable trihydride cation [(Me(5)PACP)(2)Sr-2(mu-H)(3)][B(C6H3-3,5-Me-2)(4)]. When the benzyl cation [(Me(5)PACP)Sr(CH2Ph)][BAr4](2) (Ar = C6H3-3,5-Me-2 or C6H4-4-Bu-n) was reacted with dihydrogen or noctylsilane, dihydride complexes [(Me(5)PACP)(2)Sr-2(mu-H)(2)][BAr4](2) containing a dinuclear core bridged by two hydride ligands were obtained. The soluble dihydride complex [(Me(5)PACP)(2)Sr-2(mu-H)(2)][B(C6H4-4-Bu-n)(4)](2) was tested in olefin hydrogenation and hydrosilylation catalysis. Kinetic analyses for [(Me(5)PACP)(2)Sr-2(mu-H)(2)](2+) showed lower catalytic activity as compared to that of the isostructural calcium homologue [(Me5PACP)(2)Ca-2(mu-H)(2)](2+). This is explained by a shift in the monomer-dimer equilibrium which precedes the catalytic cycle.

Incorporation of metal catalysts into protein scaffolds results in biohybrid catalysts, which have been shown to catalyze various non-natural reactions. Until recently, catalysis with biohybrid cat...

The cationic benzyl complex [(Me

Protonolysis of [Cp*M] (M=Ga, In, Tl) with [(Me

A hetero-tetranuclear CeNi

International audience; Thermally sensitive polymeric zinc dihydride [ZnH2] (n) can conveniently be prepared by the reaction of ZnEt2 with [AlH3(NEt3)]. When reacted with CO2 (1 bar) in the presence of chelating N-donor ligands L-n = N,N,N',N'tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA), N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-1,3-propanediamine (TMPDA), N,N,N',N.,N''-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDTA), and 1,4,7,10tetramethyl-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane (Me(4)TACD), insertion into the Zn-H bond readily occurred. Depending on the denticity n, formates [(L-n)Zn(OCHO)(2)] were isolated and structurally characterized, either as a molecule (L-n = TMEDA, TMPDA, PMDTA) or a charge-separated ion pair [(L-n)Zn(OCHO)][OCHO] (L-n = Me(4)TACD). The reaction of [ZnH2] n with the mild Lewis acid BPh3 in the presence of chelating N-donor ligands L-n gave a series of hydridotriphenylborates, either as a contact ion pair [(L-2)Zn(H)(HBPh3)] (L-2 = TMEDA, TMPDA) or a separated ion pair [(L-n)Zn(H)][HBPh3] (L-n = PMDTA, Me(4)TACD). In the crystal, the contact ion pair [(TMEDA)Zn(H)(HBPh3)] showed a bent Zn-H-B bridge indicative of a delocalized Zn-H-B interaction. In contrast, a linear Zn-H-B bridge for [(TMPDA)Zn(H)(HBPh3)] was observed, suggesting a contact ion pair. In THF solution, both complexes show an exchange with free BPh3 as well as [HBPh3](-). DFT calculations suggest the presence of [HBPh3](-) anion with a highly polarized B-H bond that interacts with the Lewis acidic zinc hydride cation [(L-2)Zn(H)](+). The hydridotriphenylborates [(L-n)Zn(H)(HBPh3)] underwent CO2 insertion to give (formato)zinc (formoxy)triphenylborate complexes [(L-n)Zn(OCHO)][(OCHO)BPh3] (L-n = TMPDA, PMDTA, Me(4)TACD). For L-n = TMEDA, a dinuclear complex [(L-n)(2)Zn-2(mu-OCHO)(3)][(OCHO)BPh3] was isolated. Hydridotriphenylborates [(L-n)Zn(H)(HBPh3)] catalyzed the hydrosilylation of CO2 (1 bar) by (BuMe2SiH)-Bu-n in THF at 70 degrees C to give formoxysilane and (methoxy)silane.

Oxidative addition of TMEDA-supported [AlH

The reactivity of the reduced anthracene complex of scandium [Li(thf)3][Sc{N(tBu)Xy}2(anth)] (2‐anth‐Li) (Xy=3,5‐Me2C6H3; anth=C14H10 2−, thf=tetrahydrofuran) toward Brønsted acid [NEt3H][BPh4] and azobenzene is reported. While a stepwise protonation of 2‐anth‐Li with two equivalents of [NEt3H][BPh4] afforded the scandium cation [Sc{N(tBu)Xy}2(thf)2][BPh4] (3), reduction of azobenzene gave a thermolabile, anionic scandium reduced azobenzene complex [Li(thf)][Sc{N(tBu)Xy}2(η 2‐PhNNPh)] (4), which slowly lost one of the anilide ligands to form the neutral scandium azobenzene complex dimer [Sc{N(tBu)Xy}(μ‐η 2:η 2‐Ph2N2)]2 (5). Exposure of 3 to CO2 produced the scandium carbamate complex [Sc{κ2‐O2CN(tBu)(Xy)}2][BPh4] (6) as a result of CO2 insertion into the Sc−N bonds. In an attempt to prepare scandium hydrides, the reaction of 3 with the hydride sources LiAlH4 and Na[BEt3H] led to the terminal aluminum hydride [AlH{N(tBu)Xy}2(thf)] (7) and the scandium n‐butoxide [Sc{N(tBu)(Xy)}2(μ‐OnBu)] (8) after Sc/Al transmetalation and nucleophilic ring‐opening of THF, respectively. All reported compounds isolated in moderate to good yields were fully characterized., Scandium(III) anilide complex with the reduced anthracene is protonated to give a scandium cation. Reaction with azobenzene led to an anionic scandium reduced azobenzene complex that rearranges to a dimeric scandium reduced azobenzene complex.

Objective Inflammatory responses play major roles in the development of acute lung injury following lung cancer surgery. The authors tested the hypothesis that thoracic epidural anesthesia (TEA) during surgery could attenuate both systemic and local inflammatory cytokine productions in patients undergoing lung cancer surgery. Design A prospective randomized controlled trial. Setting At Keio University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan. Participants Patients scheduled for lung cancer surgery. Interventions Sixty patients were randomly allocated into two groups (n = 30 each group): the epidural group (group E), in which anesthesia was maintained with propofol, fentanyl, rocuronium, and epidural anesthesia with 0.25% levobupivacaine; or the remifentanil group (group R), in which a remifentanil infusion was used as a potent analgesia instead of epidural anesthesia. Measurements and Main Results The lung epithelial lining fluid (ELF) and blood sampling were collected prior to one-lung ventilation (OLV) initiation (T1) and at 30 minutes after the end of OLV (T2). The concentrations of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-10 in the ELF at T2 were increased significantly compared with those at T1 in both groups. The ELF concentration of IL-6 in group E was significantly lower than that in group R at T2 (median [interquartile range]: 39.7 [13.8-80.2] versus 76.1 [44.9-138.2], p = 0.008). Plasma IL-6 concentrations at T2, which increased in comparison to that at T1, were not significantly different between the two groups. The plasma concentrations of TNF-α did not change in both groups. Conclusions This randomized clinical trial suggested that TEA could attenuate local inflammatory responses in the lungs during lung cancer surgery.

Lithium amide [(Me 3 TACD)Li] 2 derived from the NNNN macrocycle (Me 3 TACD)H ((Me 3 TACD)H = 1,4,7-trimethyl-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane) reacted with DIBAL(H) to give the lithium hydridoaluminate [(Me 3 TACD·AlH i Bu 2 )Li(THF)] ( 1 - THF ). With HBPin, the lithium hydridoborate [(Me 3 TACD·HBPin)Li] ( 2 ) was obtained. Both compounds have been characterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The monomeric structure contains a five-coordinate lithium and does not show any interaction between the lithium center and the hydride.

Redox-unstable cuprous hydridotriphenylborate was isolated as an N-heterocyclic carbene adduct [(IPr)Cu(HBPh3 )] (IPr=1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene) with good thermal stability. Although this compound displays a contact ion-pair structure, CuI H-like catalytic activity was envisaged in carbonyl hydrosilylation. Sufficient moisture stability allowed the catalysis in aqueous/organic media. Mechanistic study further showed that a phenyl group on the borate anion is abstracted by [(IPr)Cu]+ to give the cationic organocopper complex [(IPr)2 Cu2 (μ-Ph)][BPh4 ].

Facile α-H elimination from tetrakis(trimethylsilylmethyl)titanium precursors to give adducts of (alkylidene)bis(alkyl)titanium complexes is induced by light alkali metal amides of the NNNN-type macrocyclic anionic ligand Me3 TACD [(Me3 TACD)H=1,4,7-trimethyl-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane]. In the crystal, the alkali metal interacts with the carbene carbon atom or with the CH2 group of the trimethylsilymethyl ligand. The nucleophilic character of the carbene carbon atom was shown by the reaction with benzophenone and terminal acetylenes.