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Cold-rolled metastable β-type Ti–38Nb-0.2O alloy was subjected to annealing treatment to obtain different precipitates and grain sizes. The influence of annealing on microstructure and mechanical properties was investigated. The alloy annealed at 673 ​K or 773 ​K exhibited a single-stage yielding with high strength and low uniform elongation, due to the residual work hardening and the precipitation of ω or α phases. The alloy annealed at above 873 ​K exhibited an obvious double yielding behavior resulting from the stress-induced martensitic transformation. The grain growth kinetics of single β phase alloy is sensitive to temperature, and it is suggested that the existence of oxygen decreases the grain growth exponent and increases the required activation energy for grain growth. The critical stress for slip decreased monotonously with the increase of grain size, following the classic Hall-Petch relationship. However, the critical stress for martensitic transformation decreased to a minimum and then increased again, as the grain size increased. The results are worth for design of the heat-treatment parameters of the Ti–38Nb-0.2O alloy for engineering applications.

In this study, a novel strategy for developing α + β dual-phase titanium alloys with low Young’s modulus and high yield strength was proposed, and a Ti-15Nb-5Zr-4Sn-1Fe alloy was developed through theoretical composition design and microstructure manipulation. After hot-rolling and subsequent annealing, a high volume fraction of ultrafine grained α phase embedded in metastable β-matrix was formed in the microstructure as intended. Consequently, this alloy exhibits both low Young’s modulus (61 GPa) and high yield strength (912 MPa). The experimental results prove that the proposed strategy is appropriate for developing titanium alloys with superior yield strength-to-modulus ratio than those of conventional metallic biomedical materials. Present study might shed light on the research and development of advanced biomedical titanium alloys with low Young’s modulus and high yield strength.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has become a public health emergency of global concern. In China, traditional Chinese medicine has been widely administered to COVID-19 patients without sufficient evidence. To evaluate the efficacy of Shenhuang Granule (SHG) for treating critically ill patients with COVID-19, we included in this study 118 patients who were admitted to the ICU of Tongji Hospital between January 28, 2020 and March 28, 2020. Among these patients, 33 (27.9%) received standard care plus SHG (treatment group) and 85 (72.1%) received standard care alone (control group). Enrolled patients had a median (IQR) age of 68 (57-75) years, and most (79 [67.1%]) were men. At end point of this study, 83 (70.3%) had died in ICU, 29 (24.5%) had been discharged from ICU, and 6 patients (5.2%) were still in ICU. Compared with control group, mortality was significantly lower in treatment group (45.4% vs. 80%, p < .001). Patients in treatment group were less likely to develop acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (12 [36.3%] vs. 54 [63.5%], p = 0.012) and cardiac injury (5 [15.1%] vs. 32 [37.6%], p = 0.026), and less likely to receive mechanical ventilation (22 [66.7%] vs. 72 [84.7%], p = 0.028) than those in control group. The median time from ICU admission to discharge was shorter in treatment group (32 [20-73] days vs. 76 [63-79] days, p = 0.0074). These findings suggest that SHG treatment as a complementary therapy might be effective for critically ill adults with COVID-19 and warrant further clinical trials.

In this study, a design strategy employing stress-induced β to hexagonal α′ martensitic transformation to develop a novel Ti-15Nb-5Zr-4Sn-1Fe alloy with ultrahigh strain hardening rate (~6.1 GPa) is reported. Microstructural investigations reveal that the superior strain hardening response is contributed by stress-induced β to α′ transformation with accompanying reversion of athermal ω and profuse internal { 1 ¯ 011} 1 ¯ 2> and {11 2 ¯ 2} 2 ¯ 3> α′ mechanical twinning which promote twin-twin interactions, imparting high strength and outstanding uniform elongation. This study may serve as a template for developing new class of transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) and twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP) Ti alloys based on β to α′ martensitic transformation.

A Ti–8Nb–2Fe-0.2O (wt.%) alloy with high strength, high elastic admissible strain (δ) and low cost was designed using d-electron theory combined with electron-to-atom ratio (e/a‾) approach. Interstitial oxygen was introduced to strengthen the matrix of the alloy. The β-solution treated alloy was mainly composed of α″ martensite with internal {111}α″ type I nano-twins. The α″ martensite with hexagonal-like crystal structure caused by interstitial oxygen showed a high strength of 1.1 GPa but limited ductility. The alloy generated equiaxed fine-grained α phase embedded by β matrix via hot rolling and subsequent annealing in α + β phase field. The obtained alloy indicated a good combination of mechanical properties with ultimate tensile strength, Young’s modulus, ductility and δ value of 1029 MPa, 74 GPa, 21% tensile elongation and 1.32%, respectively. These findings demonstrate that interstitial oxygen and martensitic nano-twins can be used to strengthen the soft α″ martensite and high elastic admissible strain can be obtained by formation of equiaxed fine-grained α phase embedded by β matrix in this Ti–8Nb–2Fe-0.2O alloy for orthopedic implant. Keywords: Titanium alloy, Oxygen, Microstructure, Strength, Elastic admissible strain

Adzuki bean (Vigna angularis var. angularis), an important food legume, is grown in more than 30 countries, especially in East Asia. Almost 25% of the world population is affected by iron deficiency. Iron is very important on adzuki bean yield and quality. The identification of suitable reference genes in adzuki bean is important for exploring gene expression and the molecular mechanisms of gene, yet few reference genes have been reported for adzuki bean. This research systematically evaluated the stability of 11 candidate reference genes (ACT, ACT1, CYP, CYP2, SKIP16, ELF1B, HDC, Lectin, TUA, PEPKR1, and 18SrRNA) using the geNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper, and RefFinder protocols under iron-deficient stress. The best combined number of reference genes for all samples was two. ELF1B/Lectin was best for qRT-PCR analysis of roots and combined analysis of roots, stems, and leaves under iron deficiency, ELF1B/CYP was optimum for leaves, and SKIP16/PEPKR1 was optimum for stems. The identification of these reference genes will enable accurate quantification of gene expression under iron deficiency and enhance our comprehension of reference genes in adzuki bean.

Introduction: Respiratory viruses can directly or indirectly damage the pulmonary defense barrier, potentially contributing to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Despite developments in the understanding of the pathogenesis of ARDS, the underlying pathophysiology still needs to be elucidated.Areas covered: The PubMed database was reviewed for relevant papers published up to 2021. This review summarizes the currently immunological and clinical studies to provide a systemic overview of the epithelial-endothelial barrier, given the recently published immunological profiles upon viral pneumonia, and the potentially detrimental contribution to respiratory function caused by damage to this barrier.Expert opinion: The biophysical structure of host pulmonary defense is intrinsically linked with the ability of alveolar epithelial and capillary endothelial cells, known as the epithelial-endothelial barrier, to respond to, and instruct the delicate immune system to protect the lungs from infections and injuries. Recently published immunological profiles upon viral infection, and its contributions to the damage of respiratory function, suggest a central role for the pulmonary epithelial and endothelial barrier in the pathogenesis of ARDS. We suggest a central role and common pathways by which the epithelial-endothelial barrier contributes to the pathogenesis of ARDS.

Tanshinone IIa (TSA) has been approved to treat cardiovascular diseases by the China State Food and Drug Administration. TSA has exhibited a variety of pharmacological effects, including vasodilator, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor properties. Endothelial cells play an important physiological role in vascular homeostasis and control inflammation, coagulation, and thrombosis. Accumulating studies have shown that TSA can improve endothelial function through various pathways.The PubMed database was reviewed for relevant papers published up to 2020. This review summarizes the current clinical and pharmaceutical studies to provide a systemic overview of the pharmacological and therapeutic effects of TSA on endothelial cells.TSA is a representative monomeric compound extracted from Danshen and it exhibits significant pharmacological and therapeutic properties to improve endothelial cell function, including alleviating oxidative stress, attenuating inflammatory injury, modulating ion channels and so on. TSA represents a spectrum of agents that are extracted from plants and can restore the endothelial function to establish the beneficial and harmless molecular therapeutics. This also suggests the possible detection of endothelial cells for very early diagnosis of diseases. In future, precise therapeutic methods will be developed to repair endothelial cells injury and recover endothelial dysfunction.

In order to enhance the acquisition performance in high-dynamic and weak GPS signal conditions, a Double Block Zero Padding (DBZP) acquisition method based on SINS is presented. In the method, the GPS doppler frequency estimated by SINS decreases the range of frequency uncertainty; the doppler rate and code doppler aided from SINS overcomes the energy diffusion caused by the receiver’s dynamic, and the energy based navigation data bits estimation method expands coherent integration time. All of them make the acquisition faster and higher sensitivity in high-dynamic and weak conditions. At last, the re-acquisition experiments of weak signal in high-dynamic environment are conducted, and the simulation results show that the proposed method can acquire high-dynamic and weak signal effectively.

Background: Ever since the COVID-19 pneumonia emerged in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, it has rapidly spread worldwide, resulting in high mortality. This study aimed to delineate the clinical characteristics of critically ill patients with COVID-19 infection in the intensive care unit. Methods: In this retrospective study, the clinical characteristics of 88 critically ill patients with COVID-19 infection were collected. Analysis among three subgroups, classified according to the survival time, was performed. Results: The median age was 70.7(62.3-78.25) years of critical ill patients. Hypertension (43.2%) was the most frequent underlying disease. At the time of admission, compared to other patients, patients of the≤7 days category showed greater impairment of consciousness, as per the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores(11.0±2.9, P 14days (P=0.01). Conclusion: Critically ill patients with COVID-19 infection showed high risk of mortality. The primary immune response of lymphocytes against the COVID-19 infection was severely destroyed. Higher GCS score predicted greater possibility of survival. However, acute kidney injury may be an indicator of worse outcome.

We report spin-orbit torque (SOT) in a single ferrimagnetic (FIM) GdFeCo alloy based on spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance (ST FMR). Thickness-dependent anomalous Hall resistance shows a bulk perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, which lead double peaks of ST FMR spectra at a larger thickness of 50 nm. Oblique-angle-dependent ST FMR is performed to study SOT, and the spin torque efficiency in the y axis is evaluated. This phenomenon is explained by the relationship between SOT and saturation magnetization. This finding provides an alternative method to modulate SOT in a single ferrimagnetic spintronic device.

We report spin–orbit torque (SOT) based on spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance (ST FMR) in a single ferrimagnetic layer. Temperature-dependent anomalous Hall resistance ([Formula: see text]) shows a magnetic compensation temperature ([Formula: see text]) of about 205 K. Temperature-dependent ST FMR is performed to quantify SOT; the torque is exerted to the total moment, and the SOT sign diverges as the temperautre approaches [Formula: see text]. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that SOT arises due to the broken symmetry of the bulk spatial inversion along the normal direction of the film. Our finding provides useful information about the controlled temperature of bulk spin–orbit coupling in single layer GdFeCo.

Annealing at different temperatures was applied to a hot-rolled Ti-15Nb-5Zr-4Sn-1Fe (wt.%) alloy to obtain α + β dual-phase structure with varying α phase fraction. The evolutions of α + β dual-phase structure, mechanical properties, and deformation mechanisms were systematically investigated. With increasing α phase from 5.5% to 33.7%, the stability of the retained β matrix was gradually enhanced and the β domain size was decreased. The deformation mechanisms changed from stress-induced β to αʹ martensitic transformation to stress-induced β to αʺ martensitic transformation, mechanical twinning of the β matrix, and finally dislocation slip accompanied with increasing α phase. Accordingly, Young’s modulus decreased monotonously attributed to gradually suppressed athermal ω phase, while the yield strength first decreased slightly owing to the change of stress-induced martensite from αʹ to αʺ, and then increased rapidly when the long-range stress-induced martensite was suppressed. A good combination of low Young’s modulus, high strength, and high ductility was obtained in a microstructure composed of ultrafine grained α + β dual-phase showing dislocation dominated plastic deformation. This study possibly serves as a templet to guide the development of ultrafine grained α + β dual-phase structured metastable β-Ti alloy for biomedical application.

The bipolar resistance switching effect is observed in ZnO/BaTiO3/C structure. The resistance switching behavior can be modulated by white light. The resistance switch states and threshold voltage can be changed when subjected to white light. This research can help explore multi-functional materials and applications in nonvolatile memory device.

The effects of solution temperature and Cu content on the properties and microstructure of Sm (CobalFe0.21CuxZr0.03)7.6 (x = 0.06, 0.08, 0.10) permanent magnets were investigated systematically. The results showed that TbCu7 single-phase was obtained after solution treatment at optimum temperature. The best magnetic properties of Br = 1.010 T and (BH)max = 190.2 kJ/m3 were obtained for Sm (CobalFe0.21Cu0.08Zr0.03)7.6 by a proper solution treatment at 1478 K. At a lower solution temperature, the Co-rich FeCoZr phase was monitored, and a “step” was observed in the demagnetization curves of aged samples. At a higher solution temperature, composition segregation of the matrix gradually occurs, and a Zr-rich SmCoZr phase was found. However, at a slightly higher solution temperature with superabundant Cu, the precipitated phase remained FeCoZr phase, resulting in a worse remanence. All the above changes were related to the cellular structures.

The influences of cryogenic treatments, i.e. liquid nitrogen quenching (LNQ) and water quenching followed with liquid nitrogen immersion (WQ-L) on phase transformations, microstructural development and mechanical properties during aging treatment have been studied in near βTi-5Al-3Mo-3V-2Cr-2Zr-1Nb-1Fe alloy. The results showed that cryogenic treatments produced more O′ and ω-embryos in comparison with water quenching (WQ). After aging treatment, the LNQ sample and WQ-L sample formed finer and higher number density of α precipitates within β grains, which is attributed to the increase of O′ domains provides more potent nucleation sites for α. Tensile tests indicated that the cryogenic treatments improved tensile strength without trading-off ductility obviously. The ultimate tensile strength of aged LNQ and WQ-L sample was increased by 142 MPa and 62 MPa, respectively.

Bipolar resistive switching behavior in ZnO/BiFeO3 device is demonstrated, which can be modulated by white light at room temperature. The light-control resistive switching effect in ZnO/BiFeO3 device shows excellent stability in the light conditions when operating external sweep voltages. The ZnO/BiFeO3 device device can maintain superior stability over 439 cycles under the irradiation with power density of 2 mW/cm2. Based on the double-logarithm current-voltage(I-V) fitting curves, the electrons trapping and de-trapping in the Schottky-Like depletion layer in the interface of our memory cells should dominate the resistive switching behavior. This work can provide a possible mechanism for the light-control resistive switching system.

The C/ZnO/C heterostructure is fabricated on single silicon substrate using magnetron sputtering system. The device shows an obvious bipolar resistive switching (RS) memory behavior, which can be modulated by the white light at room temperature. The RS ratio and Set/Reset voltage can be controlled by the white light. A high RS ratio of 105 under illumination can be obtained, while the RS ratio in the dark is about 3. Not only the favorable RS ratio can be realized, but also the RS behaviors show excellent stability and endurance characteristics in C/ZnO/C memory cells. Based on the double-logarithm I-V fitting, the electrons trapping and de-trapping should result in the resistive switching behavior of C/ZnO/C memory cells.

ZnO/BiFeO3/ZnO multilayer was fabricated on silicon (Si) substrate by radio-frequency magnetron sputtering system. The resistive switching characteristics in ZnO/BiFeO3/ZnO devices are observed, and the resistive switching behavior can be modulated by white light.

Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still a pandemic, with a high mortality rate in severe/critical cases. Therapies based on the Shenghuang Granule have proved helpful in viral infection and septic shock. Hypothesis/Purpose The objective of the current study was to compare the efficacy and safety of the traditional Chinese medicine, Shenhuang Granule, with standard care in hospitalized patients with severe/critical COVID-19. Study Design and Methods This was an open-label, multicenter, randomized, controlled clinical trial. At 4 medical centers, a total of 111 severe/critical patients were randomly assigned to receive Shenhuang Granule (SHG group) twice a day for 14 days, in addition to standard care, or to receive standard care alone (Control group). The maximal follow up time was 75 days. The clinical endpoint was clinical improvement and mortality. Results 54 patients were assigned to the control group and 57 to the SHG group. The overall mortality was 75.9% (41/54) in the control group, and 38.6% (22/57) in the SHG group (p, Graphical abstract Image, graphical abstract

The effects of oxygen content on phase transformation, mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of Ti Nb based alloys with different Nb contents (15, 32 and 38 wt%), i.e. different β stabilities were investigated. The results show that the oxygen does not change the phase constitution of α’-type Ti 15Nb based alloy with low β phase stability, while the oxygen can suppress the α” martensite and ω phase, acting as β-stabilizer in the higher β phase stability of Ti 32Nb and Ti 38Nb based alloys. The addition of oxygen increases strength through solid solution strengthening and/or modification of deformation behavior. It has been found that simultaneous improvement in strength and ductility can be achieved in each base alloy by doping a certain content of oxygen. Young's modulus of Ti-Nb-O alloys exhibits different trends with oxygen increasing, which is related to the different effects of oxygen on phase stability. A desirable balance between low Young's modulus and high strength can be obtained through controlling oxygen and Nb content. The Ti-Nb-O alloys exhibit a high degree of corrosion resistance within simulated body fluid (SBF) at 310 K. Particularly, the Ti-38Nb-0.5O alloy exhibits low Young's modulus (52 GPa), high yield strength (1141 MPa) and good elongation (22%), which has potential in biomedical applications.

The role of oxygen in the martensitic transformation and corresponding mechanical properties was studied in Ti–8Nb–2Fe base alloy. Abundant hexagonal α′ martensite formed in the base alloy and exhibited low strength. Oxygen induced strain field enhanced the shuffling process but hindered { 11 2 ¯ } β 〈 111 〉 β shearing during martensitic transformation therefore distorted the hexagonal α′ martensite to orthorhombic α″ martensite, causing remarkable strength enhancement.

The immunological mechanisms by which hepatitis B virus (HBV) initiates and maintains acute or chronic infection, even the formation of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, are still undefined. An increasing number of studies have shown that intestinal flora regulate immune homeostasis, and, thus, protect the immunologic function against hepatitis virus infection. In this article, we discuss gut microbiota and its potential immune effects against HBV infection. It may provide a novel insight into the pathogenesis of HBV infection, as well as a potential therapeutic target to HBV-related disease.

Cirrhotic patients with dysfunctional and/or low numbers of leukocytes are often infected with bacteria, especially Gram-negative bacteria, which is characterized by producing lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a pleiotropic cytokine that influences the production, maturation, function, and survival of various immune cells. In this paper, we reviewed not only Toll-like receptors 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway and its immunological effect, but also the specific stimulating function and autocrine performance of GM-CSF on hematopoietic cells, as well as the recent discovery of innate response activator-B cells in protection against microbial sepsis and the direct LPS-TLR4 signaling on hematopoiesis. Thus we concluded that GM-CSF might play important roles in preventing Gram-negative bacterial infections in cirrhotic patients through maintaining immune system functions and homeostasis.

Gut microbiota interacts with host immune system in ways that influence the development of disease. Advances in respiratory immune system also broaden our knowledge of the interaction between host and microbiome in the lung. Increasing evidence indicated the intimate relationship between the gastrointestinal tract and respiratory tract. Exacerbations of chronic gut and lung disease have been shown to share key conceptual features with the disorder and dysregulation of the microbial ecosystem. In this review, we discuss the impact of gut and lung microbiota on disease exacerbation and progression, and the recent understanding of the immunological link between the gut and the lung, the gut-lung axis.

The antiplatelet and antithrombotic effects of ent-16β,17-dihydroxy-kauran-19-oic acid (DDKA) isolated from Siegesbeckia pubescens were investigated with different methods both in vitro and in vivo. We tested the antithrombotic activity of DDKA in arterio-venous shunt model. The effects of DDKA on adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-, Thrombin-, Arachidonic acid-induced rat platelets aggregation were tested in vitro. We also assessed its bleeding side effect by measuring coagulation parameters after intravenous administration for 5 days and investigated the potential mechanisms underlying such activities. In vivo, DDKA significantly reduced thrombus weight in the model of arterio-venous shunt. Meanwhile, DDKA increased plasma cAMP level determined by radioimmunoassay in the same model. Notably, DDKA prolonged PT and APTT in rats after intravenous administration DDKA for successive 5 days. In vitro, pretreatment with DDKA on washed rat platelets significantly inhibited various agonists stimulated platelet aggregation and caused an increase in cAMP level in platelets activated by ADP. These findings support our hypothesis that DDKA possesses antiplatelet and antithrombotic activities. The mechanisms underlying such activities may involve the anticoagulatory effect and cAMP induction.

An inwardly rectifying potassium channel (Kir) is a kind of protein complex that is widely expressed on excitable and nonexcitable cell membranes. Kir channels serve important roles in cellular physiology such as cell excitability and K+ homeostasis. The Kirs (KIR1-7) are regulated by many factors: phosphatidylinosital-4, 5-bisphosphate (PIP2), ATP, or G-proteins. Other factors like polyamines, kinases, pH, and Na+ ions act cooperatively to modulate Kir channels. Different types and specific distributions of KIR channels determine the diversity of regulatory mechanisms. This review provides insight into Kir channel regulation.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antitumor potential of Macrothelypteris torresiana by studying in vitro antitumor activity of the protoapigenone, as well as in vivo antitumor activity and acute/subacute oral toxicity of the total flavonoid fraction from the roots of M. torresiana. Considering that the protoapigenone is a main constituent of the total flavonoid fraction and it might play a key role in the antitumor activity of M. torresiana, the MTT assay was used to investigate the in vitro antitumor activity of the protoapigenone. Our study revealed that the protoapigenone of M. torresiana showed significant antitumor activity towards Hep G2, Tca-8113, MCF-7, M5 and K562 with IC(50) values of 2.3, 0.6, 0.8, 0.3 and 0.9 μg/ml, respectively. The antitumor potential of the total flavonoid fraction was evaluated using preparations 1, 2 and 3, which were prepared by total flavonoid fraction directly diluted with sterile saline, dissolved using sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na) and included by hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, respectively. These were investigated in vivo using mouse sarcoma S-180 in BALB/c mice after completing tumor inoculation for 24h. Pronounced antitumor activity was observed in the treated groups for preparations 2 and 3, and the high and medium doses in particular showed very high inhibition ratio of tumor growth (>50%). No significant difference was observed when compared to the positive control group (5-fluorouracil). The acute/subacute oral toxicity test was performed, and the results of acute oral toxicity showed that the LD(50) values of preparations 2 and 3 were 2.76 and 0.87 g/kg body wt., respectively. According to the results of the subacute oral toxicity study, the total flavonoid fraction had low toxicity. The overall results of this study suggest that the total flavonoid fraction from the roots of M. torresiana shows significant antitumor activity and represents a potential source of medicine for the treatment of cancer.

A hysteresis loop of current-voltage (I–V) characteristics based on ZnO/C hybrid structures is observed at room temperature. The I–V hysteresis loop in ZnO/C hybrid structure can be modified by white light. Negative photoconductivity phenomenon is observed in ZnO/C hybrid structure by adding to extra illumination and the area within the I–V hysteresis loop decreases also. These phenomenon should be due to the space charges storage and surface effect in the sample. This work gives a help for exploring the optical-controlled memory device.

An obvious unipolar resistance switching is observed in BaTiO3/ZnO/BaTiO3/Carbon films. The resistance switching effect and the set voltage can be modulated by light irradiation. The RS ratio increases with light intensity. These phenomena are explained using trap/detrap mechanism.

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of entecavir, lamivudine and telbivudine for treating patients with HBV-ACLF and to validate the Tongji prognostic predictor model (TPPM) in these patients.In this retrospective study, we enrolled 283 patients with HBV-ACLF (100 treated with entecavir, 98 treated with lamivudine and 85 treated with telbivudine). There were no significant differences in baseline clinical and virological characteristics among patients treated with entecavir, telbivudine or lamivudine.There were no significant differences in the 4- and 12-week survival rates of entecavir-, telbivudine- and lamivudine-treated patients (79.00, 81.18 and 86.73 %, respectively, at 4 weeks; 67.00, 65.88 and 73.47 %, respectively, at 12 weeks). Patients in all three groups achieved an improvement in the model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score. Using the Hosmer-Lemeshow test, the validation of the TPPM score for HBV-ACLF demonstrated a good degree of fit with disease prognosis. Based on this unique group of patients, the TPPM score with an AUC of 0.787 was superior to the MELD score, which had an AUC of 0.736 in the prediction of 12-week mortality. The TPPM had an AUC of 0.733, and the MELD score had an AUC of 0.672 in the prediction of 4-week mortality. Using a cutoff value of 0.22 for 12-week mortality prediction by the TPPM, the positive predictive value was 49.66 %, with a negative predictive value of 89.55 %.Treatment with nucleoside analogs including entecavir, lamivudine and telbivudine prevented disease progression and increased the survival of patients with HBV-ACLF. Validation of the established TPPM scoring system in this study confirmed its superior predictive value for HBV-ACLF patients when compared with the MELD system.