378 results on '"Körtzinger, Arne"'
Search Results
2. Synthesis Product for Ocean Time Series (SPOTS) – a ship-based biogeochemical pilot.
- Author
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Lange, Nico, Fiedler, Björn, Álvarez, Marta, Benoit-Cattin, Alice, Benway, Heather, Buttigieg, Pier Luigi, Coppola, Laurent, Currie, Kim, Flecha, Susana, Gerlach, Dana S., Honda, Makio, Huertas, I. Emma, Lauvset, Siv K., Muller-Karger, Frank, Körtzinger, Arne, O'Brien, Kevin M., Ólafsdóttir, Sólveig R., Pacheco, Fernando C., Rueda-Roa, Digna, and Skjelvan, Ingunn
- Subjects
GLOBAL Ocean Observing System ,TIME series analysis ,ENVIRONMENTAL research ,CHANNEL estimation ,OCEAN ,SALES statistics ,OCEAN circulation - Abstract
The presented pilot for the Synthesis Product for Ocean Time Series (SPOTS) includes data from 12 fixed ship-based time-series programs. The related stations represent unique open-ocean and coastal marine environments within the Atlantic Ocean, Pacific Ocean, Mediterranean Sea, Nordic Seas, and Caribbean Sea. The focus of the pilot has been placed on biogeochemical essential ocean variables: dissolved oxygen, dissolved inorganic nutrients, inorganic carbon (pH, total alkalinity, dissolved inorganic carbon, and partial pressure of CO 2), particulate matter, and dissolved organic carbon. The time series used include a variety of temporal resolutions (monthly, seasonal, or irregular), time ranges (10–36 years), and bottom depths (80–6000 m), with the oldest samples dating back to 1983 and the most recent one corresponding to 2021. Besides having been harmonized into the same format (semantics, ancillary data, units), the data were subjected to a qualitative assessment in which the applied methods were evaluated and categorized. The most recently applied methods of the time-series programs usually follow the recommendations outlined by the Bermuda Time Series Workshop report (Lorenzoni and Benway, 2013), which is used as the main reference for "method recommendations by prevalent initiatives in the field". However, measurements of dissolved oxygen and pH, in particular, still show room for improvement. Additional data quality descriptors include precision and accuracy estimates, indicators for data variability, and offsets compared to a reference and widely recognized data product for the global ocean: the GLobal Ocean Data Analysis Project (GLODAP). Generally, these descriptors indicate a high level of continuity in measurement quality within time-series programs and a good consistency with the GLODAP data product, even though robust comparisons to the latter are limited. The data are available as (i) a merged comma-separated file that is compliant with the World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE) exchange format and (ii) a format dependent on user queries via the Environmental Research Division's Data Access Program (ERDDAP) server of the Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS). The pilot increases the data utility, findability, accessibility, interoperability, and reusability following the FAIR philosophy, enhancing the readiness of biogeochemical time series. It facilitates a variety of applications that benefit from the collective value of biogeochemical time-series observations and forms the basis for a sustained time-series living data product, SPOTS, complementing relevant products for the global interior ocean carbon data (GLobal Ocean Data Analysis Project), global surface ocean carbon data (Surface Ocean CO 2 Atlas; SOCAT), and global interior and surface methane and nitrous oxide data (MarinE MethanE and NiTrous Oxide product). Aside from the actual data compilation, the pilot project produced suggestions for reporting metadata, implementing quality control measures, and making estimations about uncertainty. These recommendations aim to encourage the community to adopt more consistent and uniform practices for analysis and reporting and to update these practices regularly. The detailed recommendations, links to the original time-series programs, the original data, their documentation, and related efforts are available on the SPOTS website. This site also provides access to the data product (DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.896862.2, Lange et al., 2024) and ancillary data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Recent inorganic carbon increase in a temperate estuary driven by water quality improvement and enhanced by droughts
- Author
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Rewrie, Louise C. V., primary, Baschek, Burkard, additional, van Beusekom, Justus E. E., additional, Körtzinger, Arne, additional, Ollesch, Gregor, additional, and Voynova, Yoana G., additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Global Carbon Budget 2023
- Author
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Friedlingstein, Pierre, primary, O'Sullivan, Michael, additional, Jones, Matthew W., additional, Andrew, Robbie M., additional, Bakker, Dorothee C. E., additional, Hauck, Judith, additional, Landschützer, Peter, additional, Le Quéré, Corinne, additional, Luijkx, Ingrid T., additional, Peters, Glen P., additional, Peters, Wouter, additional, Pongratz, Julia, additional, Schwingshackl, Clemens, additional, Sitch, Stephen, additional, Canadell, Josep G., additional, Ciais, Philippe, additional, Jackson, Robert B., additional, Alin, Simone R., additional, Anthoni, Peter, additional, Barbero, Leticia, additional, Bates, Nicholas R., additional, Becker, Meike, additional, Bellouin, Nicolas, additional, Decharme, Bertrand, additional, Bopp, Laurent, additional, Brasika, Ida Bagus Mandhara, additional, Cadule, Patricia, additional, Chamberlain, Matthew A., additional, Chandra, Naveen, additional, Chau, Thi-Tuyet-Trang, additional, Chevallier, Frédéric, additional, Chini, Louise P., additional, Cronin, Margot, additional, Dou, Xinyu, additional, Enyo, Kazutaka, additional, Evans, Wiley, additional, Falk, Stefanie, additional, Feely, Richard A., additional, Feng, Liang, additional, Ford, Daniel J., additional, Gasser, Thomas, additional, Ghattas, Josefine, additional, Gkritzalis, Thanos, additional, Grassi, Giacomo, additional, Gregor, Luke, additional, Gruber, Nicolas, additional, Gürses, Özgür, additional, Harris, Ian, additional, Hefner, Matthew, additional, Heinke, Jens, additional, Houghton, Richard A., additional, Hurtt, George C., additional, Iida, Yosuke, additional, Ilyina, Tatiana, additional, Jacobson, Andrew R., additional, Jain, Atul, additional, Jarníková, Tereza, additional, Jersild, Annika, additional, Jiang, Fei, additional, Jin, Zhe, additional, Joos, Fortunat, additional, Kato, Etsushi, additional, Keeling, Ralph F., additional, Kennedy, Daniel, additional, Klein Goldewijk, Kees, additional, Knauer, Jürgen, additional, Korsbakken, Jan Ivar, additional, Körtzinger, Arne, additional, Lan, Xin, additional, Lefèvre, Nathalie, additional, Li, Hongmei, additional, Liu, Junjie, additional, Liu, Zhiqiang, additional, Ma, Lei, additional, Marland, Greg, additional, Mayot, Nicolas, additional, McGuire, Patrick C., additional, McKinley, Galen A., additional, Meyer, Gesa, additional, Morgan, Eric J., additional, Munro, David R., additional, Nakaoka, Shin-Ichiro, additional, Niwa, Yosuke, additional, O'Brien, Kevin M., additional, Olsen, Are, additional, Omar, Abdirahman M., additional, Ono, Tsuneo, additional, Paulsen, Melf, additional, Pierrot, Denis, additional, Pocock, Katie, additional, Poulter, Benjamin, additional, Powis, Carter M., additional, Rehder, Gregor, additional, Resplandy, Laure, additional, Robertson, Eddy, additional, Rödenbeck, Christian, additional, Rosan, Thais M., additional, Schwinger, Jörg, additional, Séférian, Roland, additional, Smallman, T. Luke, additional, Smith, Stephen M., additional, Sospedra-Alfonso, Reinel, additional, Sun, Qing, additional, Sutton, Adrienne J., additional, Sweeney, Colm, additional, Takao, Shintaro, additional, Tans, Pieter P., additional, Tian, Hanqin, additional, Tilbrook, Bronte, additional, Tsujino, Hiroyuki, additional, Tubiello, Francesco, additional, van der Werf, Guido R., additional, van Ooijen, Erik, additional, Wanninkhof, Rik, additional, Watanabe, Michio, additional, Wimart-Rousseau, Cathy, additional, Yang, Dongxu, additional, Yang, Xiaojuan, additional, Yuan, Wenping, additional, Yue, Xu, additional, Zaehle, Sönke, additional, Zeng, Jiye, additional, and Zheng, Bo, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Supplementary material to "Global Carbon Budget 2023"
- Author
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Friedlingstein, Pierre, primary, O'Sullivan, Michael, additional, Jones, Matthew W., additional, Andrew, Robbie M., additional, Bakker, Dorothee C. E., additional, Hauck, Judith, additional, Landschützer, Peter, additional, Le Quéré, Corinne, additional, Luijkx, Ingrid T., additional, Peters, Glen P., additional, Peters, Wouter, additional, Pongratz, Julia, additional, Schwingshackl, Clemens, additional, Sitch, Stephen, additional, Canadell, Josep G., additional, Ciais, Philippe, additional, Jackson, Robert B., additional, Alin, Simone R., additional, Anthoni, Peter, additional, Barbero, Leticia, additional, Bates, Nicholas R., additional, Becker, Meike, additional, Bellouin, Nicolas, additional, Decharme, Bertrand, additional, Bopp, Laurent, additional, Brasika, Ida Bagus Mandhara, additional, Cadule, Patricia, additional, Chamberlain, Matthew A., additional, Chandra, Naveen, additional, Chau, Thi-Tuyet-Trang, additional, Chevallier, Frédéric, additional, Chini, Louise P., additional, Cronin, Margot, additional, Dou, Xinyu, additional, Enyo, Kazutaka, additional, Evans, Wiley, additional, Falk, Stefanie, additional, Feely, Richard A., additional, Feng, Liang, additional, Ford, Daniel. J., additional, Gasser, Thomas, additional, Ghattas, Josefine, additional, Gkritzalis, Thanos, additional, Grassi, Giacomo, additional, Gregor, Luke, additional, Gruber, Nicolas, additional, Gürses, Özgür, additional, Harris, Ian, additional, Hefner, Matthew, additional, Heinke, Jens, additional, Houghton, Richard A., additional, Hurtt, George C., additional, Iida, Yosuke, additional, Ilyina, Tatiana, additional, Jacobson, Andrew R., additional, Jain, Atul, additional, Jarníková, Tereza, additional, Jersild, Annika, additional, Jiang, Fei, additional, Jin, Zhe, additional, Joos, Fortunat, additional, Kato, Etsushi, additional, Keeling, Ralph F., additional, Kennedy, Daniel, additional, Klein Goldewijk, Kees, additional, Knauer, Jürgen, additional, Korsbakken, Jan Ivar, additional, Körtzinger, Arne, additional, Lan, Xin, additional, Lefèvre, Nathalie, additional, Li, Hongmei, additional, Liu, Junjie, additional, Liu, Zhiqiang, additional, Ma, Lei, additional, Marland, Greg, additional, Mayot, Nicolas, additional, McGuire, Patrick C., additional, McKinley, Galen A., additional, Meyer, Gesa, additional, Morgan, Eric J., additional, Munro, David R., additional, Nakaoka, Shin-Ichiro, additional, Niwa, Yosuke, additional, O'Brien, Kevin M., additional, Olsen, Are, additional, Omar, Abdirahman M., additional, Ono, Tsuneo, additional, Paulsen, Melf E., additional, Pierrot, Denis, additional, Pocock, Katie, additional, Poulter, Benjamin, additional, Powis, Carter M., additional, Rehder, Gregor, additional, Resplandy, Laure, additional, Robertson, Eddy, additional, Rödenbeck, Christian, additional, Rosan, Thais M., additional, Schwinger, Jörg, additional, Séférian, Roland, additional, Smallman, T. Luke, additional, Smith, Stephen M., additional, Sospedra-Alfonso, Reinel, additional, Sun, Qing, additional, Sutton, Adrienne J., additional, Sweeney, Colm, additional, Takao, Shintaro, additional, Tans, Pieter P., additional, Tian, Hanqin, additional, Tilbrook, Bronte, additional, Tsujino, Hiroyuki, additional, Tubiello, Francesco, additional, van der Werf, Guido R., additional, van Ooijen, Erik, additional, Wanninkhof, Rik, additional, Watanabe, Michio, additional, Wimart-Rousseau, Cathy, additional, Yang, Dongxu, additional, Yang, Xiaojuan, additional, Yuan, Wenping, additional, Yue, Xu, additional, Zaehle, Sönke, additional, Zeng, Jiye, additional, and Zheng, Bo, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Opportunities for an African greenhouse gas observation system
- Author
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Merbold, Lutz, Scholes, Robert J., Acosta, Manuel, Beck, Johannes, Bombelli, Antonio, Fiedler, Bjoern, Grieco, Elisa, Helmschrot, Joerg, Hugo, Wim, Kasurinen, Ville, Kim, Dong-Gill, Körtzinger, Arne, Leitner, Sonja, López-Ballesteros, Ana, Ndisi, Mylene, Nickless, Aecia, Salmon, Emmanuel, Saunders, Matthew, Skjelvan, Ingunn, Vermeulen, Alexander T., and Kutsch, Werner L.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Synthesis Product for Ocean Time-Series (SPOTS) – A ship-based biogeochemical pilot
- Author
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Lange, Nico, primary, Fiedler, Björn, additional, Álvarez, Marta, additional, Benoit-Cattin, Alice, additional, Benway, Heather, additional, Buttigieg, Pier L., additional, Coppola, Laurent, additional, Currie, Kim, additional, Flecha, Susana, additional, Honda, Makio, additional, Huertas, I. Emma, additional, Lauvset, Siv K., additional, Muller-Karger, Frank, additional, Körtzinger, Arne, additional, O'Brien, Kevin M., additional, Ólafsdóttir, Sólveig R., additional, Pacheco, Fernando C., additional, Rueda-Roa, Digna, additional, Skjelvan, Ingunn, additional, Wakita, Masahide, additional, White, Angelicque, additional, and Tanhua, Toste, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Supplementary material to "Synthesis Product for Ocean Time-Series (SPOTS) – A ship-based biogeochemical pilot"
- Author
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Lange, Nico, primary, Fiedler, Björn, additional, Álvarez, Marta, additional, Benoit-Cattin, Alice, additional, Benway, Heather, additional, Buttigieg, Pier L., additional, Coppola, Laurent, additional, Currie, Kim, additional, Flecha, Susana, additional, Honda, Makio, additional, Huertas, I. Emma, additional, Lauvset, Siv K., additional, Muller-Karger, Frank, additional, Körtzinger, Arne, additional, O'Brien, Kevin M., additional, Ólafsdóttir, Sólveig R., additional, Pacheco, Fernando C., additional, Rueda-Roa, Digna, additional, Skjelvan, Ingunn, additional, Wakita, Masahide, additional, White, Angelicque, additional, and Tanhua, Toste, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Particulate matter flux interception in oceanic mesoscale eddies by the polychaete Poeobius sp.
- Author
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Christiansen, Svenja, Hoving, Henk-Jan, Schütte, Florian, Hauss, Helena, Karstensen, Johannes, Körtzinger, Arne, Schröder, Simon-Martin, Stemmann, Lars, Christiansen, Bernd, Picheral, Marc, Brandt, Peter, Robison, Bruce, Koch, Reinhard, and Kiko, Rainer
- Published
- 2018
10. Der marine Kohlenstoffkreislauf
- Author
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Körtzinger, Arne, Hempel, Gotthilf, editor, Bischof, Kai, editor, and Hagen, Wilhelm, editor
- Published
- 2017
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11. Highest methane concentrations in an Arctic river linked to local terrestrial inputs
- Author
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Castro-Morales, Karel, Canning, Anna, Arzberger, Sophie, Overholt, Will A., Küsel, Kirsten, Kolle, Olaf, Göckede, Mathias, Zimov, Nikita, and Körtzinger, Arne
- Subjects
Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Earth-Surface Processes - Abstract
Large amounts of methane (CH4) could be released as a result of the gradual or abrupt thawing of Arctic permafrost due to global warming. Once available, this potent greenhouse gas is emitted into the atmosphere or transported laterally into aquatic ecosystems via hydrologic connectivity at the surface or via groundwaters. While high northern latitudes contribute up to 5 % of total global CH4 emissions, the specific contribution of Arctic rivers and streams is largely unknown. We analyzed high-resolution continuous CH4 concentrations measured between 15 and 17 June 2019 (late freshet) in a ∼120 km transect of the Kolyma River in northeast Siberia. The average partial pressure of CH4 (pCH4) in tributaries (66.8–206.8 µatm) was 2–7 times higher than in the main river channel (28.3 µatm). In the main channel, CH4 was up to 1600 % supersaturated with respect to atmospheric equilibrium. Key sites along the riverbank and at tributary confluences accounted for 10 % of the navigated transect and had the highest pCH4 (41 ± 7 µatm) and CH4 emissions (0.03 ± 0.004 mmolm-2d-1) compared to other sites in the main channel, contributing between 14 % to 17 % of the total CH4 flux in the transect. These key sites were characterized by warm waters (T>14.5 ∘C) and low specific conductivities (κ µS cm−1). The distribution of CH4 in the river could be linked statistically to T and κ of the water and to their proximity to the shore z, and these parameters served as predictors of CH4 concentrations in unsampled river areas. The abundance of CH4-consuming bacteria and CH4-producing archaea in the river was similar to those previously detected in nearby soils and was also strongly correlated to T and κ. These findings imply that the source of riverine CH4 is closely related with sites near land. The average total CH4 flux density in the river section was 0.02 ± 0.006 mmolm-2d-1, equivalent to an annual CH4 flux of 1.24×107 g CH4 yr−1 emitted during a 146 d open water season. Our study highlights the importance of high-resolution continuous CH4 measurements in Arctic rivers for identifying spatial and temporal variations, as well as providing a glimpse of the magnitude of riverine CH4 emissions in the Arctic and their potential relevance to regional CH4 budgets.
- Published
- 2022
12. Significant shifts in inorganic carbon and ecosystem state in a temperate estuary (1985–2018)
- Author
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Rewrie, Louise C. V., primary, Voynova, Yoana G., additional, van Beusekom, Justus E. E., additional, Sanders, Tina, additional, Körtzinger, Arne, additional, Brix, Holger, additional, Ollesch, Gregor, additional, and Baschek, Burkard, additional
- Published
- 2023
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13. Technical note: Enhancement of float-pH data quality control methods: A study case in the Subpolar Northwestern Atlantic region
- Author
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Wimart-Rousseau, Cathy, primary, Steinhoff, Tobias, additional, Klein, Birgit, additional, Bittig, Henry, additional, and Körtzinger, Arne, additional
- Published
- 2023
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- View/download PDF
14. Supplementary material to "Recent inorganic carbon increase in a temperate estuary driven by water quality improvement and enhanced by droughts"
- Author
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Rewrie, Louise C. V., primary, Baschek, Burkard, additional, Beusekom, Justus E. E., additional, Körtzinger, Arne, additional, Ollesch, Gregor, additional, and Voynova, Yoana G., additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. A status assessment of selected data synthesis products for ocean biogeochemistry
- Author
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Lange, Nico, primary, Tanhua, Toste, additional, Pfeil, Benjamin, additional, Bange, Hermann W., additional, Lauvset, Siv K., additional, Grégoire, Marilaure, additional, Bakker, Dorothee C. E., additional, Jones, Steve D., additional, Fiedler, Björn, additional, O’Brien, Kevin M., additional, and Körtzinger, Arne, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. A status assessment of selected data synthesis products for ocean biogeochemistry
- Author
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Lange, Nico, Tanhua, Toste, Pfeil, Benjamin, Bange, Hermann W., Lauvset, Siv Kari, Grégoire, Marilaure, Bakker, Dorothee C. E., Jones, Stephen Daniel, Fiedler, Björn, O’Brien, Kevin M., and Körtzinger, Arne
- Subjects
Global and Planetary Change ,Ocean Engineering ,Aquatic Science ,Oceanography ,Water Science and Technology - Abstract
Ocean data synthesis products for specific biogeochemical essential ocean variables have the potential to facilitate today’s biogeochemical ocean data usage and comply with the Findable Accessible Interoperable and Reusable (FAIR) data principles. The products constitute key outputs from the Global Ocean Observation System, laying the observational foundation for information and services regarding climate and environmental status of the ocean. Using the Framework of Ocean Observing (FOO) readiness level concept, we present an evaluation framework for biogeochemical data synthesis products, which enables a systematic assessment of each product’s maturity. A new criteria catalog provides the foundation for assigning scores to the nine FOO readiness levels. As an example, we apply the assessment to four existing biogeochemical essential ocean variables data products. In descending readiness level order these are: The Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT); the Global Ocean Data Analysis Project (GLODAP); the MarinE MethanE and NiTrous Oxide (MEMENTO) data product and the Global Ocean Oxygen Database and ATlas (GO2DAT). Recognizing that the importance of adequate and comprehensive data from the essential ocean variables will grow, we recommend using this assessment framework to guide the biogeochemical data synthesis activities in their development. Moreover, we envision an overarching cross-platform FAIR biogeochemical data management system that sustainably supports the products individually and creates an integrated biogeochemical essential ocean variables data synthesis product; in short a system that provides truly comparable and FAIR data of the entire biogeochemical essential ocean variables spectrum.
- Published
- 2023
17. Recent inorganic carbon increase in a temperate estuary driven by water quality improvement and enhanced by droughts
- Author
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Rewrie, Louise, primary, Voynova, Yoana, additional, Beusekom, Justus, additional, Körtzinger, Arne, additional, Ollesch, Gregor, additional, and Baschek, Burkard, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Synthesis Product for Ocean Time-Series (SPOTS) - A ship-based biogeochemical pilot.
- Author
-
Lange, Nico, Fiedler, Björn, Álvarez, Marta, Benoit-Cattin, Alice, Benway, Heather, Buttigieg, Pier L., Coppola, Laurent, Currie, Kim, Flecha, Susana, Honda, Makio, Huertas, I. Emma, Lauvset, Siv K., Muller-Karger, Frank, Körtzinger, Arne, O'Brien, Kevin M., Ólafsdóttir, Sólveig R., Pacheco, Fernando C., Rueda-Roa, Digna, Skjelvan, Ingunn, and Wakita, Masahide
- Subjects
GLOBAL Ocean Observing System ,CHANNEL estimation ,OCEAN ,SALES statistics ,OCEAN circulation - Abstract
The presented pilot for the "Synthesis Product for Ocean Time-Series" (SPOTS) includes data from 12 fixed ship-based time-series programs. The related stations represent unique marine environments within the Atlantic Ocean, Pacific Ocean, Mediterranean Sea, Nordic Seas, and Caribbean Sea. The focus of the pilot has been placed on biogeochemical essential ocean variables: dissolved oxygen, dissolved inorganic nutrients, inorganic carbon (pH, total alkalinity, dissolved inorganic carbon, and partial pressure of CO
2 ), particulate matter, and dissolved organic carbon. The time-series used include a variety of temporal resolutions (monthly, seasonal, or irregular), time ranges (10 - 36 years), and bottom depths (80 - 6000 m), with the oldest samples dating back to 1983 and the most recent one corresponding to 2021. Besides having been harmonized into the same format (semantics, ancillary data, units), the data were subjected to a qualitative assessment in which the applied methods were evaluated and categorized. The most recently applied methods of the time-series programs usually follow the recommendations outlined by the Bermuda Time-Series Workshop report (Lorenzoni and Benway, 2013) which is used as the main reference for "biogeochemical best-practices". However, measurements of dissolved oxygen and pH in particular, still show room for improvement. Additional data-quality descriptors include precision and accuracy estimates, indicators for data variability, and offsets compared to a reference and widely recognized data product for the global ocean: the "GLobal Ocean Data Analysis Project". Generally, these descriptors indicate a high level of continuity in measurement quality within time-series programs and a good consistency with the GLobal Interior Ocean Carbon Data, even though robust comparisons to the latter are limited. The data are available as (i) a merged comma-separated file that is compliant with the World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE) exchange format and ii) a format dependent on user queries via the ERDDAP server of the Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS). The pilot increases the data utility, findability, accessibility, interoperability, and reusability following the FAIR philosophy, enhancing the readiness of biogeochemical time-series. It facilitates a variety of applications that benefit from the collective value of biogeochemical time-series observations and forms the basis for a sustained time-series living data product, SPOTS, complementing relevant products for the global interior ocean carbon data (GLobal Ocean Data Analysis Project), global surface ocean carbon data (Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas; SOCAT), and global interior and surface methane and nitrous oxide data (MarinE MethanE and NiTrous Oxide product). Aside from the actual data compilation, the pilot project produced suggestions for reporting metadata, implementing quality control measures, and making estimations about uncertainty. These recommendations aim at encouraging the community to adopt more consistent and uniform practices for analysis and reporting and at updating these practices regularly. The detailed recommendations, links to the original time-series programs, the original data, their documentation, and related efforts are available on the SPOTS website. This site also provides access to the data product (DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.896862.1, Lange et al., 2023) and ancillary data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Spatio-temporal distribution and transport of particulate matter in the eastern tropical North Atlantic observed by Argo floats
- Author
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Ohde, Thomas, Fiedler, Björn, and Körtzinger, Arne
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Der marine Kohlenstoffkreislauf
- Author
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Körtzinger, Arne, primary
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Recent inorganic carbon increase in a temperate estuary driven by water quality improvement and enhanced by droughts.
- Author
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Rewrie, Louise C. V., Baschek, Burkard, Beusekom, Justus E. E., Körtzinger, Arne, Ollesch, Gregor, and Voynova, Yoana G.
- Subjects
DROUGHTS ,WATER quality ,BIOCHEMICAL oxygen demand ,TERRITORIAL waters ,ESTUARIES ,EFFECT of human beings on climate change - Abstract
Estuaries are an important contributor to the global carbon budget, facilitating carbon removal, transfer and transformation between land and coastal ocean. Estuaries are also susceptible to global climate change and anthropogenic perturbations. We find that a long-term significant increase in dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) of 6–21 µmol kg
-1 yr-1 (1997–2020) in a temperate estuary in Germany (Elbe Estuary), was driven by an increase in upper estuary particulate organic carbon (POC) content of 8–14 µmol kg-1 yr-1 . The temporal POC increase was due to an overall improvement in water quality observed in the form of high rates of primary production and a significant drop in biological oxygen demand. The magnitude of mid-estuary DIC gain was equivalent to the increased POC production in the upper estuary, suggesting that POC is efficiently remineralized and retained as DIC in the mid-estuary, with the estuary acting as an efficient natural filter for POC. In the context of the significant DIC increase, the impact of a recent extensive drought period (2014–2020) significantly lowered the annual mean river discharge (468 ± 234 m3 s-1 ) compared to the long-term mean (690 ± 441 m3 s-1 , 1960–2020). During the drought period, the late spring internal DIC load in the estuary doubled. This suggests that the drought induced a longer dry season, starting in May (earlier than normal), increased the residence time in the estuary and allowed for a longer remineralization period for POC. Annually, 77–94 % of the total DIC export was laterally transported to coastal water, reaching 89 ± 4.8 Gmol C yr-1 , and thus only a maximum of 23 %, at 10 Gmol C yr-1 , was released via carbon dioxide (CO2 ) evasion, between 1997 and 2020. Export of DIC to coastal waters decreased significantly during the drought (2014–2020: 38 ± 5.4 Gmol C yr-1 ), on average by 24 % compared to the non-drought period. In addition, we have identified that seasonal changes in DIC processing in an estuary require consideration in order to understand both the long-term and future changes in air-water CO2 flux, DIC export to coastal waters, as well as the impacts of prolonged droughts on the land-ocean carbonate system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Global Carbon Budget 2021
- Author
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Friedlingstein, Pierre, Jones, Matthew W., O'Sullivan, Michael, Andrew, Robbie M., Bakker, Dorothee C.E., Hauck, Judith, Le Quéré, Corinne, Peters, Glen P., Peters, Wouter, Pongratz, Julia, Sitch, Stephen, Canadell, Josep G., Ciais, Philippe, Jackson, Rob B., Alin, Simone R., Anthoni, Peter, Bates, Nicholas R., Becker, Meike, Bellouin, Nicolas, Bopp, Laurent, Chau, Thi Tuyet Trang, Chevallier, Frédéric, Chini, Louise P., Cronin, Margot, Currie, Kim I., Decharme, Bertrand, Djeutchouang, Laique M., Dou, Xinyu, Evans, Wiley, Feely, Richard A., Feng, Liang, Gasser, Thomas, Gilfillan, Dennis, Gkritzalis, Thanos, Grassi, Giacomo, Gregor, Luke, Gruber, Nicolas, Gürses, Özgür, Harris, Ian, Houghton, Richard A., Hurtt, George C., Iida, Yosuke, Ilyina, Tatiana, Luijkx, Ingrid T., Jain, Atul, Jones, Steve D., Kato, Etsushi, Kennedy, Daniel, Goldewijk, Kees Klein, Knauer, Jürgen, Korsbakken, Jan Ivar, Körtzinger, Arne, Landschützer, Peter, Lauvset, Siv K., Lefèvre, Nathalie, Lienert, Sebastian, Liu, Junjie, Marland, Gregg, McGuire, Patrick C., Melton, Joe R., Munro, David R., Nabel, Julia E.M.S., Nakaoka, Shin Ichiro, Niwa, Yosuke, Ono, Tsuneo, Pierrot, Denis, Poulter, Benjamin, Rehder, Gregor, Resplandy, Laure, Robertson, Eddy, Rödenbeck, Christian, Rosan, Thais M., Schwinger, Jörg, Schwingshackl, Clemens, Séférian, Roland, Sutton, Adrienne J., Sweeney, Colm, Tanhua, Toste, Tans, Pieter P., Tian, Hanqin, Tilbrook, Bronte, Tubiello, Francesco, Van Der Werf, Guido R., Vuichard, Nicolas, Wada, Chisato, Wanninkhof, Rik, Watson, Andrew J., Willis, David, Wiltshire, Andrew J., Yuan, Wenping, Yue, Chao, Yue, Xu, Zaehle, Sönke, Zeng, Jiye, Integr. Assessm. Global Environm. Change, and Environmental Sciences
- Subjects
Earth and Planetary Sciences(all) - Abstract
Accurate assessment of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and their redistribution among the atmosphere, ocean, and terrestrial biosphere in a changing climate is critical to better understand the global carbon cycle, support the development of climate policies, and project future climate change. Here we describe and synthesize datasets and methodology to quantify the five major components of the global carbon budget and their uncertainties. Fossil CO2 emissions (EFOS) are based on energy statistics and cement production data, while emissions from land-use change (ELUC), mainly deforestation, are based on land use and land-use change data and bookkeeping models. Atmospheric CO2 concentration is measured directly, and its growth rate (GATM) is computed from the annual changes in concentration. The ocean CO2 sink (SOCEAN) is estimated with global ocean biogeochemistry models and observation-based data products. The terrestrial CO2 sink (SLAND) is estimated with dynamic global vegetation models. The resulting carbon budget imbalance (BIM), the difference between the estimated total emissions and the estimated changes in the atmosphere, ocean, and terrestrial biosphere, is a measure of imperfect data and understanding of the contemporary carbon cycle. All uncertainties are reported as ±1σ. For the first time, an approach is shown to reconcile the difference in our ELUC estimate with the one from national greenhouse gas inventories, supporting the assessment of collective countries' climate progress. For the year 2020, EFOS declined by 5.4% relative to 2019, with fossil emissions at 9.5±0.5GtCyr-1 (9.3±0.5GtCyr-1 when the cement carbonation sink is included), and ELUC was 0.9±0.7GtCyr-1, for a total anthropogenic CO2 emission of 10.2±0.8GtCyr-1 (37.4±2.9GtCO2). Also, for 2020, GATM was 5.0±0.2GtCyr-1 (2.4±0.1ppmyr-1), SOCEAN was 3.0±0.4GtCyr-1, and SLAND was 2.9±1GtCyr-1, with a BIM of -0.8GtCyr-1. The global atmospheric CO2 concentration averaged over 2020 reached 412.45±0.1ppm. Preliminary data for 2021 suggest a rebound in EFOS relative to 2020 of +4.8% (4.2% to 5.4%) globally. Overall, the mean and trend in the components of the global carbon budget are consistently estimated over the period 1959-2020, but discrepancies of up to 1GtCyr-1 persist for the representation of annual to semi-decadal variability in CO2 fluxes. Comparison of estimates from multiple approaches and observations shows (1) a persistent large uncertainty in the estimate of land-use changes emissions, (2) a low agreement between the different methods on the magnitude of the land CO2 flux in the northern extra-tropics, and (3) a discrepancy between the different methods on the strength of the ocean sink over the last decade. This living data update documents changes in the methods and datasets used in this new global carbon budget and the progress in understanding of the global carbon cycle compared with previous publications of this dataset (Friedlingstein et al., 2020, 2019; Le Quéré et al., 2018b, a, 2016, 2015b, a, 2014, 2013). The data presented in this work are available at 10.18160/gcp-2021 (Friedlingstein et al., 2021).
- Published
- 2022
23. Supplementary material to "The highest methane concentrations in an Arctic river are linked to local terrestrial inputs"
- Author
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Castro-Morales, Karel, primary, Canning, Anna, additional, Arzberger, Sophie, additional, Overholt, Will A., additional, Küsel, Kirsten, additional, Kolle, Olaf, additional, Göckede, Mathias, additional, Zimov, Nikita, additional, and Körtzinger, Arne, additional
- Published
- 2022
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24. The highest methane concentrations in an Arctic river are linked to local terrestrial inputs
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Castro-Morales, Karel, primary, Canning, Anna, additional, Arzberger, Sophie, additional, Overholt, Will A., additional, Küsel, Kirsten, additional, Kolle, Olaf, additional, Göckede, Mathias, additional, Zimov, Nikita, additional, and Körtzinger, Arne, additional
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- 2022
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25. Global Carbon Budget 2021
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Friedlingstein, Pierre, primary, Jones, Matthew W., additional, O'Sullivan, Michael, additional, Andrew, Robbie M., additional, Bakker, Dorothee C. E., additional, Hauck, Judith, additional, Le Quéré, Corinne, additional, Peters, Glen P., additional, Peters, Wouter, additional, Pongratz, Julia, additional, Sitch, Stephen, additional, Canadell, Josep G., additional, Ciais, Philippe, additional, Jackson, Rob B., additional, Alin, Simone R., additional, Anthoni, Peter, additional, Bates, Nicholas R., additional, Becker, Meike, additional, Bellouin, Nicolas, additional, Bopp, Laurent, additional, Chau, Thi Tuyet Trang, additional, Chevallier, Frédéric, additional, Chini, Louise P., additional, Cronin, Margot, additional, Currie, Kim I., additional, Decharme, Bertrand, additional, Djeutchouang, Laique M., additional, Dou, Xinyu, additional, Evans, Wiley, additional, Feely, Richard A., additional, Feng, Liang, additional, Gasser, Thomas, additional, Gilfillan, Dennis, additional, Gkritzalis, Thanos, additional, Grassi, Giacomo, additional, Gregor, Luke, additional, Gruber, Nicolas, additional, Gürses, Özgür, additional, Harris, Ian, additional, Houghton, Richard A., additional, Hurtt, George C., additional, Iida, Yosuke, additional, Ilyina, Tatiana, additional, Luijkx, Ingrid T., additional, Jain, Atul, additional, Jones, Steve D., additional, Kato, Etsushi, additional, Kennedy, Daniel, additional, Klein Goldewijk, Kees, additional, Knauer, Jürgen, additional, Korsbakken, Jan Ivar, additional, Körtzinger, Arne, additional, Landschützer, Peter, additional, Lauvset, Siv K., additional, Lefèvre, Nathalie, additional, Lienert, Sebastian, additional, Liu, Junjie, additional, Marland, Gregg, additional, McGuire, Patrick C., additional, Melton, Joe R., additional, Munro, David R., additional, Nabel, Julia E. M. S., additional, Nakaoka, Shin-Ichiro, additional, Niwa, Yosuke, additional, Ono, Tsuneo, additional, Pierrot, Denis, additional, Poulter, Benjamin, additional, Rehder, Gregor, additional, Resplandy, Laure, additional, Robertson, Eddy, additional, Rödenbeck, Christian, additional, Rosan, Thais M., additional, Schwinger, Jörg, additional, Schwingshackl, Clemens, additional, Séférian, Roland, additional, Sutton, Adrienne J., additional, Sweeney, Colm, additional, Tanhua, Toste, additional, Tans, Pieter P., additional, Tian, Hanqin, additional, Tilbrook, Bronte, additional, Tubiello, Francesco, additional, van der Werf, Guido R., additional, Vuichard, Nicolas, additional, Wada, Chisato, additional, Wanninkhof, Rik, additional, Watson, Andrew J., additional, Willis, David, additional, Wiltshire, Andrew J., additional, Yuan, Wenping, additional, Yue, Chao, additional, Yue, Xu, additional, Zaehle, Sönke, additional, and Zeng, Jiye, additional
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- 2022
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26. Chemical characterization of sub-micrometer aerosol particles in the tropical Atlantic Ocean: marine and biomass burning influences
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van Pinxteren, Manuela, Fiedler, Björn, van Pinxteren, Dominik, Iinuma, Yoshiteru, Körtzinger, Arne, and Herrmann, Hartmut
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- 2015
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27. Using O2/Ar ratios as a proxy for biological productivity determinations in an Arctic river.
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Castro-Morales, Karel, primary, Canning, Anna, additional, Arzberger, Sophie, additional, Sellmaier, Samuel, additional, Redlich, Simon, additional, Overholt, Will A., additional, Zimov, Nikita, additional, Marca, Alina, additional, Kaiser, Jan, additional, Wichard, Thomas, additional, Küsel, Kirsten, additional, and Körtzinger, Arne, additional
- Published
- 2022
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28. MOSES: A Novel Observation System to Monitor Dynamic Events across Earth Compartments
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Weber, Ute, primary, Attinger, Sabine, additional, Baschek, Burkard, additional, Boike, Julia, additional, Borchardt, Dietrich, additional, Brix, Holger, additional, Brüggemann, Nicolas, additional, Bussmann, Ingeborg, additional, Dietrich, Peter, additional, Fischer, Philipp, additional, Greinert, Jens, additional, Hajnsek, Irena, additional, Kamjunke, Norbert, additional, Kerschke, Dorit, additional, Kiendler-Scharr, Astrid, additional, Körtzinger, Arne, additional, Kottmeier, Christoph, additional, Merz, Bruno, additional, Merz, Ralf, additional, Riese, Martin, additional, Schloter, Michael, additional, Schmid, HaPe, additional, Schnitzler, Jörg-Peter, additional, Sachs, Torsten, additional, Schütze, Claudia, additional, Tillmann, Ralf, additional, Vereecken, Harry, additional, Wieser, Andreas, additional, and Teutsch, Georg, additional
- Published
- 2022
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29. Tracking the Variable North Atlantic Sink for Atmospheric CO2
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Watson, Andrew J., Schuster, Ute, Bakker, Dorothee C. E., Bates, Nicholas R., Corbière, Antoine, González-Dávila, Melchor, Friedrich, Tobias, Hauck, Judith, Heinze, Christoph, Johannessen, Truls, Körtzinger, Arne, Metzl, Nicolas, Olafsson, Jon, Olsen, Are, Oschlies, Andreas, Padin, X. Antonio, Pfeil, Benjamin, Santana-Casiano, J. Magdalena, Steinhoff, Tobias, Telszewski, Maciej, Rios, Aida F., Wallace, Douglas W. R., and Wanninkhof, Rik
- Published
- 2009
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30. Sensitivities of Marine Carbon Fluxes to Ocean Change
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Riebesell, Ulf, Körtzinger, Arne, Oschlies, Andreas, and Schellnhuber, Hans Joachim
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- 2009
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31. OBSERVING BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES AT GLOBAL SCALES WITH PROFILING FLOATS AND GLIDERS : PROSPECTS FOR A GLOBAL ARRAY
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JOHNSON, KENNETH S., BERELSON, WILLIAM M., BOSS, EMMANUEL S., CHASE, ZANNA, CLAUSTRE, HERVÉ, EMERSON, STEVEN R., GRUBER, NICOLAS, KÖRTZINGER, ARNE, PERRY, MARY JANE, and RISER, STEPHEN C.
- Published
- 2009
32. An Estimate of Anthropogenic CO₂ Inventory from Decadal Changes in Oceanic Carbon Content
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Tanhua, Toste, Körtzinger, Arne, Friis, Karsten, Waugh, Darryn W., and Wallace, Douglas W. R.
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- 2007
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33. Seasonal flux patterns and carbon transport from low-oxygen eddies at the Cape Verde Ocean Observatory: lessons learned from a time series sediment trap study (2009–2016)
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Fischer, Gerhard, primary, Romero, Oscar E., additional, Karstensen, Johannes, additional, Baumann, Karl-Heinz, additional, Moradi, Nasrollah, additional, Iversen, Morten, additional, Ruhland, Götz, additional, Klann, Marco, additional, and Körtzinger, Arne, additional
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- 2021
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34. Global Carbon Budget 2021
- Author
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Friedlingstein, Pierre, primary, Jones, Matthew W., additional, O'Sullivan, Michael, additional, Andrew, Robbie M., additional, Bakker, Dorothee C. E., additional, Hauck, Judith, additional, Le Quéré, Corinne, additional, Peters, Glen P., additional, Peters, Wouter, additional, Pongratz, Julia, additional, Sitch, Stephen, additional, Canadell, Josep G., additional, Ciais, Philippe, additional, Jackson, Rob B., additional, Alin, Simone R., additional, Anthoni, Peter, additional, Bates, Nicholas R., additional, Becker, Meike, additional, Bellouin, Nicolas, additional, Bopp, Laurent, additional, Chau, Thi T. T., additional, Chevallier, Frédéric, additional, Chini, Louise P., additional, Cronin, Margot, additional, Currie, Kim I., additional, Decharme, Bertrand, additional, Djeutchouang, Laique, additional, Dou, Xinyu, additional, Evans, Wiley, additional, Feely, Richard A., additional, Feng, Liang, additional, Gasser, Thomas, additional, Gilfillan, Dennis, additional, Gkritzalis, Thanos, additional, Grassi, Giacomo, additional, Gregor, Luke, additional, Gruber, Nicolas, additional, Gürses, Özgür, additional, Harris, Ian, additional, Houghton, Richard A., additional, Hurtt, George C., additional, Iida, Yosuke, additional, Ilyina, Tatiana, additional, Luijkx, Ingrid T., additional, Jain, Atul K., additional, Jones, Steve D., additional, Kato, Etsushi, additional, Kennedy, Daniel, additional, Klein Goldewijk, Kees, additional, Knauer, Jürgen, additional, Korsbakken, Jan Ivar, additional, Körtzinger, Arne, additional, Landschützer, Peter, additional, Lauvset, Siv K., additional, Lefèvre, Nathalie, additional, Lienert, Sebastian, additional, Liu, Junjie, additional, Marland, Gregg, additional, McGuire, Patrick C., additional, Melton, Joe R., additional, Munro, David R., additional, Nabel, Julia E. M. S., additional, Nakaoka, Shin-Ichiro, additional, Niwa, Yosuke, additional, Ono, Tsuneo, additional, Pierrot, Denis, additional, Poulter, Benjamin, additional, Rehder, Gregor, additional, Resplandy, Laure, additional, Robertson, Eddy, additional, Rödenbeck, Christian, additional, Rosan, Thais M., additional, Schwinger, Jörg, additional, Schwingshackl, Clemens, additional, Séférian, Roland, additional, Sutton, Adrienne J., additional, Sweeney, Colm, additional, Tanhua, Toste, additional, Tans, Pieter P., additional, Tian, Hanqin, additional, Tilbrook, Bronte, additional, Tubiello, Francesco, additional, van der Werf, Guido, additional, Vuichard, Nicolas, additional, Wada, Chisato, additional, Wanninkhof, Rik, additional, Watson, Andrew, additional, Willis, David, additional, Wiltshire, Andrew J., additional, Yuan, Wenping, additional, Yue, Chao, additional, Yue, Xu, additional, Zaehle, Sönke, additional, and Zeng, Jiye, additional
- Published
- 2021
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35. Schoolchildren discover hotspots of floating plastic litter in rivers using a large-scale collaborative approach
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Kiessling, Tim, primary, Knickmeier, Katrin, additional, Kruse, Katrin, additional, Gatta-Rosemary, Magdalena, additional, Nauendorf, Alice, additional, Brennecke, Dennis, additional, Thiel, Laura, additional, Wichels, Antje, additional, Parchmann, Ilka, additional, Körtzinger, Arne, additional, and Thiel, Martin, additional
- Published
- 2021
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36. Methane in the Danube Delta: the importance of spatial patterns and diel cycles for atmospheric emission estimates
- Author
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Canning, Anna, primary, Wehrli, Bernhard, additional, and Körtzinger, Arne, additional
- Published
- 2021
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37. Technical note: Seamless gas measurements across the land–ocean aquatic continuum – corrections and evaluation of sensor data for CO2, CH4 and O2 from field deployments in contrasting environments
- Author
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Canning, Anna Rose, Fietzek, Peer, Rehder, Gregor, and Körtzinger, Arne
- Abstract
The ocean and inland waters are two separate regimes, with concentrations in greenhouse gases differing on orders of magnitude between them. Together, they create the land–ocean aquatic continuum (LOAC), which comprises itself largely of areas with little to no data with regards to understanding the global carbon system. Reasons for this include remote and inaccessible sample locations, often tedious methods that require collection of water samples and subsequent analysis in the lab, and the complex interplay of biological, physical and chemical processes. This has led to large inconsistencies, increasing errors and has inevitably lead to potentially false upscaling. A set-up of multiple pre-existing oceanographic sensors allowing for highly detailed and accurate measurements was successfully deployed in oceanic to remote inland regions over extreme concentration ranges. The set-up consists of four sensors simultaneously measuring pCO2, pCH4 (both flow-through, membrane-based non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) or tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) sensors), O2 and a thermosalinograph at high resolution from the same water source. The flexibility of the system allowed for deployment from freshwater to open ocean conditions on varying vessel sizes, where we managed to capture day–night cycles, repeat transects and also delineate small-scale variability. Our work demonstrates the need for increased spatiotemporal monitoring and shows a way of homogenizing methods and data streams in the ocean and limnic realms.
- Published
- 2021
38. Technical note: Seamless gas measurements across Land-Ocean Aquatic Continuum – corrections and evaluation of sensor data for CO2, CH4 and O2 from field deployments in contrasting environments
- Author
-
Canning, Anna, Fietzek, Peer, Rehder, Gregor, and Körtzinger, Arne
- Abstract
The ocean and inland waters are two separate regimes, with concentrations in greenhouse gases differing on orders of magnitude between them. Together, they create the land–ocean aquatic continuum (LOAC), which comprises itself largely of areas with little to no data with regards to understanding the global carbon system. Reasons for this include remote and inaccessible sample locations, often tedious methods that require collection of water samples and subsequent analysis in the lab, and the complex interplay of biological, physical and chemical processes. This has led to large inconsistencies, increasing errors and has inevitably lead to potentially false upscaling. A set-up of multiple pre-existing oceanographic sensors allowing for highly detailed and accurate measurements was successfully deployed in oceanic to remote inland regions over extreme concentration ranges. The set-up consists of four sensors simultaneously measuring pCO2, pCH4 (both flow-through, membrane-based non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) or tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) sensors), O2 and a thermosalinograph at high resolution from the same water source. The flexibility of the system allowed for deployment from freshwater to open ocean conditions on varying vessel sizes, where we managed to capture day–night cycles, repeat transects and also delineate small-scale variability. Our work demonstrates the need for increased spatiotemporal monitoring and shows a way of homogenizing methods and data streams in the ocean and limnic realms.
- Published
- 2021
39. Future ocean acidification will be amplified by hypoxia in coastal habitats
- Author
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Melzner, Frank, Thomsen, Jörn, Koeve, Wolfgang, Oschlies, Andreas, Gutowska, Magdalena A., Bange, Hermann W., Hansen, Hans Peter, and Körtzinger, Arne
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
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40. Enhance Ocean Carbon Observations: Successful Implementation of a Novel Autonomous Total Alkalinity Analyzer on a Ship of Opportunity
- Author
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Seelmann, Katharina, Steinhoff, Tobias, Aßmann, Steffen, and Körtzinger, Arne
- Abstract
Over recent decades, observations based on merchant vessels (Ships of Opportunity—SOOP) equipped with sensors measuring the CO2 partial pressure (pCO2) in the surface seawater formed the backbone of the global ocean carbon observation system. However, the restriction to pCO2 measurements alone is one severe shortcoming of the current SOOP observatory. Full insight into the marine inorganic carbon system requires the measurement of at least two of the four measurable variables which are pCO2, total alkalinity (TA), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), and pH. One workaround is to estimate TA values based on established temperature-salinity parameterizations, but this leads to higher uncertainties and the possibility of regional and/or seasonal biases. Therefore, autonomous SOOP-based TA measurements are of great interest. Our study describes the implementation of a novel autonomous analyzer for seawater TA, the CONTROS HydroFIAⓇ TA system (-4H-JENA engineering GmbH, Germany) for unattended routine TA measurements on a SOOP line operating in the North Atlantic. We present the installation in detail and address major issues encountered with autonomous measurements using this analyzer, e.g., automated cleaning and stabilization routines, and waste handling. Another issue during long-term deployments is the provision of reference seawater in large-volume containers for quality assurance measurements and drift correction. Hence, a stable large-volume seawater storage had to be found. We tested several container types with respect to their suitability to store seawater over a time period of 30 days without significant changes in TA. Only one gas sampling bag made of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) satisfied the high stability requirement. In order to prove the performance of the entire setup, we compared the autonomous TA measurements with TA from discrete samples taken during the first two trans-Atlantic crossings. Although the measurement accuracy in unattended mode (about ± 5 μmol kg^-1) slightly deteriorated compared to our previous system characterization, its overall uncertainty fulfilled requirements for autonomous TA measurements on SOOP lines. A comparison with predicted TA values based on an established and often used parameterization pointed at regional and seasonal limitations of such TA predictions. Consequently, TA observations with better coverage of spatiotemporal variability are needed, which is now possible with the method described here.
- Published
- 2020
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41. The highest methane concentrations in an Arctic river are linked to local terrestrial inputs.
- Author
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Castro-Morales, Karel, Canning, Anna, Arzberger, Sophie, Overholt, Will A., Küsel, Kirsten, Kolle, Olaf, Göckede, Mathias, Zimov, Nikita, and Körtzinger, Arne
- Subjects
METHANOTROPHS ,METHANE ,RIVER channels ,PARTIAL pressure ,TUNDRAS ,SEA ice ,WATER table - Abstract
Large amounts of methane (CH
4 ) could potentially be formed as a result of the gradual or abrupt thawing of Arctic permafrost due to global warming. Upon its release, this potent greenhouse gas can be emitted into the atmosphere, or transported laterally into aquatic ecosystems via hydrologic connectivity at surface or groundwaters. While high northern latitudes contribute up to 5 % of total global CH4 emissions, the specific contribution of Arctic rivers and streams is largely unknown. In this study, we measured high-resolution continuous CH4 concentrations in a ~120 km section of the Kolyma River in Northeast Siberia navigated twice between 15-17 June 2019 (late freshet). The average partial pressure of CH4 (pCH4 ) in tributaries (66.8 – 206.8 µatm) was 2-7 times higher than in the main river channel (28.3 µatm). In the main channel, CH4 was up to 1600 % supersaturated with respect to atmospheric equilibrium. At key sites located near the riverbank and tributary confluences, pCH4 (41±7 µatm) and emissions (0.03±0.004 mmol m–2 d–1 ) were higher compared to other sites within the main channel. Warm waters (T>14.5 °C) and low specific conductivities (k<88 µS cm–1 ) defined these key sites. The distribution of methane in the river could also be linked statistically to T and k of the water, as well as to the distance to the shore z, as indicators used to predict CH4 concentrations in unsampled river areas. Similarly, the abundance of methane consuming bacteria and methane producing archaea strongly correlated mainly to T and κ, and less to the pCH4 , and were similar to those previously detected in nearby soils, suggesting the source of CH4 to be associated with sites close to land. The average total CH4 flux densities in the investigated Kolyma River section were 0.02±0.006 mml m–2 d–1 , equivalent to a total CH4 flux of 12.4 mmol m–2 . Key sites with highest CH4 concentrations contributed from 13 to 20 % to the total flux. Our study highlights the importance of high-resolution continuous CH4 measurements in Arctic Rivers for identifying spatial and temporal variabilities, and offers a glimpse to the magnitude of riverine methane emissions in the Arctic and their potential relevance to regional methane budgets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Technical note: Seamless gas measurements across the land–ocean aquatic continuum – corrections and evaluation of sensor data for CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub> and O<sub>2</sub> from field deployments in contrasting environments
- Author
-
Canning, Anna Rose, primary, Fietzek, Peer, additional, Rehder, Gregor, additional, and Körtzinger, Arne, additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Technical note: Seamless gas measurements across Land-Ocean Aquatic Continuum – corrections and evaluation of sensor data for CO2, CH4 and O2 from field deployments in contrasting environments
- Author
-
Canning, Anna, Körtzinger, Arne, Fietzek, Peer, and Rehder, Gregor
- Abstract
Comparatively the ocean and inland waters are two separate worlds, with concentrations in greenhouse gases having orders of magnitude in difference between the two. Together they create the Land-Ocean Aquatic Continuum (LOAC), which comprises itself largely of areas with little to no data in regards to understanding the global carbon system. Reasons for this include remote and inaccessible sample locations, often tedious methods that require collection of water samples and subsequent analysis in the lab, as well as the complex interplay of biological, physical and chemical processes. This has led to large inconsistencies, increasing errors and inevitably leading to potentially false upscaling. Here we demonstrate successful deployment in oceanic to remote inland regions, over extreme concentration ranges with multiple pre-existing oceanographic sensors combined set-up, allowing for highly detailed and accurate measurements. The set-up consists of sensors measuring pCO2, pCH4 (both flow-through, membrane-based NDIR or TDLAS sensors), O2, and a thermosalinograph at high-resolution from the same water source simultaneously. The flexibility of the system allowed deployment from freshwater to open ocean conditions on varying vessel sizes, where we managed to capture day-night cycles, repeat transects and also delineate small scale variability. Our work demonstrates the need for increased spatiotemporal monitoring, and shows a way to homogenize methods and data streams in the ocean and limnic realms.
- Published
- 2020
44. Eddy Study to Understand Physical-Chemical-Biological Coupling and the Biological Carbon Pump as a Function of Eddy Type off West Africa, Cruise No. M160, 23.11.2019 - 20.12.2019, Mindelo (Cabo Verde) - Mindelo (Cabo Verde)
- Author
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Körtzinger, Arne, Andrae, Alexandra, Baschek, Burkard, Becker, Kevin, Behr, Hein-Dieter, Blandfort, Daniel, Calil, Paulo, Carrasco, Ruben, Dengler, Marcus, Devresse, Quentin, Engel, Anja, Fiedler, Björn, Fischer, Gerhard, Fischer, Tim, Flintrop, Clara, Fomba, Khanneh Wadinga, Golde, Sandra, Hahn, Tobias, Hauss, Helena, Hepach, Helmke, Heymann, Kerstin, Hieronymi, Martin, Horstmann, Jochen, Hufnagel, Lili, Iversen, Morten H., Karstensen, Johannes, Katzenmeier, Sven, Knudsen, Juri, Kock, Thomas, Krahmann, Gerd, Krasemann, Hansjörg, Merckelbach, Lucas, Moradi, Nasrollah, Nothof, Maren, Paulsen, Melf, Raeke, Andreas, Röttgers, Rüdiger, Schultze, Larissa, and Stoeck, Thorsten
- Abstract
Cruise M160 is part of concerted MOSES/REEBUS Eddy Study featuring three major research expeditions (M156, M160, MSM104). It aims to develop both a qualitative and quantitative understanding of the role of physical-chemical-biological coupling in eddies for the biological pump. The study is part of the MOSES “Ocean Eddies” event chain, which follows three major hypotheses to be addressed by the MOSES/REEBUS field campaigns: (1) Mesoscale and sub-mesoscale eddies play an important role in transferring energy along the energy cascade from the large-scale circulation to dissipation at the molecular level. (2) Mesoscale and sub-mesoscale eddies are important drivers in determining onset, magnitude and characteristics of biological productivity in the ocean and contribute significantly to global primary production and particle export and transfer to the deep ocean. (3) Mesoscale and sub-mesoscale eddies are important for shaping extreme biogeochemical environments (e.g., pH, oxygen) in the oceans, thus acting as a source/sink function for greenhouse gases. In contrast to the other two legs, MOSES Eddy Study II during M160 did not include any benthic work but focused entirely on the pelagic dynamics within eddies. It accomplished a multi-disciplinary, multi-parameter and multi-platform study of two discrete cyclonic eddies in an unprecedented complexity. The pre-cruise search for discrete eddies suitable for detailed study during M160 had already started a few months prior to the cruise. Remote sensing data products (sea surface height, sea surface temperature, ocean color/chlorophyll a) were used in combination with eddy detection algorithms and numerical modelling to identify and track eddies in the entire eddy field off West Africa. In addition, 2 gliders and 1 waveglider had been set out from Mindelo/Cabo Verde for pre-cruise mapping of the potential working area north of the Cabo Verdean archipelago. At the start of M160, a few suitable eddies – mostly of cyclonic type – had been identified, some of which were outside the safe operation range of the motorglider plane. As technical problems delayed the flight operations, the first eddy (center at 14.5°N/25°W) for detailed study was chosen to the southwest of the island of Fogo. It was decided to carry out a first hydrographic survey there followed by the deployment of a suite of instruments (gliders, waveglider, floats, drifter short-term mooring). Such instrumented, we left this first eddy and transited – via a strong anticyclonic feature southwest of the island of Santiago – to the region northeast of the island of Sal, i.e. in the working range of the glider plane. During the transit, a full suite of underway measurements as well as CTD/RO section along 22°W (16°-18.5°N) were carried in search for sub-surface expressions of anticyclonic eddy features. In the northeast, we had identified the second strong cyclonic eddy (center at 18°N/22.5°W) which was chosen for detailed study starting with a complete hydrographic survey (ADCP, CTD/RO, other routine station work). After completion of the mesoscale work program, we identified a strong frontal region at the southwestern rim of the cyclonic eddy, which was chosen for the first sub-mesoscale study with aerial observation component. There, the first dye release experiment was carried out which consisted of the dye release itself followed by an intense multi-platforms study of the vertical and horizontal spreading of the initial dye streak. This work was METEOR-Berichte, Cruise M160, Mindelo – Mindelo, 23.11.2019 4 – 20.12.2019 supported and partly guided by aerial observation of the research motorglider Stemme, which was still somewhat compromised by technical issues and meteorological conditions (high cloud cover, Saharan dust event). Nevertheless, this first dye release experiment was successful and showed rapid movement of the dynamic meandering front. After completion of work on this second eddy and execution of a focused sampling program at the Cape Verde Ocean Observation, RV METEOR returned to the first eddy for continuation of the work started there in the beginning of the cruise. This was accompanied by a relocation of the airbase of Stemme from the international airport of Sal to the domestic airport of Fogo. The further execution of the eddy study at this first eddy, which again included a complete hydrographic survey followed by a mesoscale eddy study with dye release, was therefore possible with aerial observations providing important guidance for work on RV METEOR. Overall, M160 accomplished an extremely intense and complex work program with 212 instrument deployments during station work, 137 h of observation with towed instruments and a wide range of underway measurements throughout the cruise. Up to about 30 individually tracked platforms (Seadrones, glider, wavegliders, drifters, floats) were in the water at the same time providing unprecedented and orchestrated observation capabilities in an eddy. All planned work components were achieved and all working groups acquired the expected numbers of instrument deployments and sampling opportunities.
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- 2020
45. Role of Eddies in the Carbon Pump of Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems, REEBUS, Cruise No. M156, 03.07. – 01.08.2019 Mindelo (Cap Verde) – Mindelo
- Author
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Sommer, Stefan, Adam, Nicole, Becker, Kevin, Dale, Andrew W., Hahn, Johannes, Kampmeier, Mareike, Paulsen, Melf, Katzenmeier, Sven, and Körtzinger, Arne
- Abstract
Summary The major goal of the RV METEOR cruise M156 to Cape Verdian waters and the Mauritanian upwelling area off West Africa was to contribute to a better quantitative understanding of the effects of mesoscale eddies on CO2 source/sink mechanisms and the biological carbon pump in eastern boundary upwelling areas as well as their effects to the oligotrophic periphery including the deep-sea floor. The cruise M156 (MOSES Eddy Study I) was conducted within the framework of the BMBF funded REEBUS project (Role of Eddies in the Carbon Pump of Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems) by a consortium of physical, biological (benthic microbiology, bacterial plankton, protists) and biogeochemical oceanographers. Specific aims were i. the quantification of solute and particle fluxes within and at the periphery of eddies; ii. to determine the turnover of carbon species, air-sea gas exchange of CO2, iii. the determination of the protistan and bacterial plankton community structures in the surface layers of an eddy, and iv. to quantify the magnitude and variability of material fluxes to the seabed and turnover in the sediment underneath the eddy passage. To achieve these aims, the cruise had two major observing strategies: i. an intense benthic/pelagic program along the zonal eddy passage at 18°N. Along this corridor ranging from 24°20’ to 16°30’W, five benthic/pelagic stations (E1 to E5) in different water depths and distances from the Mauritanian coast were performed. The motivation for this survey has been to resolve zonal gradients in pelagic element cycling as well as of organic matter degradation and burial in the seabed, which in turn could potentially be linked with changes in eddy induced primary- and export production. ii. the detailed investigation of an individual eddy to investigate physical, biogeochemical and biological processes on meso- to submeso-scales (100km to 10m). Satellite data analysis was performed before and during the cruise to identify a suitable eddy from a combination of sea-level anomaly, ocean color as Chl-a proxy, and sea-surface temperature supplemented with shipboard current velocity measurements. A total of 171 stations were sampled. The water column program consists of 59 CTD casts, 29 MSS and 20 Marine Snow Catcher deployments. For biogeochemical measurements at the sea surface two deployments of a Lagrangian Surface Drifter and one Waveglider deployment were conducted. At the seafloor, we conducted 10 BIGO deployments. Ten seafloor imaging surveys were performed using the towed camera system OFOS, supplemented with 7 Multibeam and 1 Sidescan surveys. In deviation from the cruise proposal, the planned long-term deployment of a Lander, which was planned to record a time series of oxygen fluxes during the passage of an eddy, was not deployed due to a major delay in its design and manufacturing. The planned AUV (Girona 500) deployments at the shallow E5 station close to the Mauritanian coast station did also not take place. Despite moderate weather conditions, all deployments were successful, hence all the data and sample material aimed for has been achieved. It is to expect that as planned all scientific questions can be addressed. Especially in the synthesis of all REEBUS cruises and the consideration of data from earlier cruises (MSM17/4, M107) into this region a high scientific potential can be expected.
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- 2020
46. 4. Wochenbericht FS METEOR Reise M160
- Author
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Körtzinger, Arne
- Abstract
Tropischer Nordostatlantik, 18.5°N/20.5°W: Wochenbericht 4: 9.-15.12.2019: Großes Finale mit packendem Endspurt
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- 2019
47. 3. Wochenbericht FS METEOR Reise M160
- Author
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Körtzinger, Arne
- Abstract
Tropischer Nordostatlantik, 18.5°N/20.5°W: Wochenbericht 3: 2.-8.12.2019: Von der großen auf die kleine Skala…
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- 2019
48. 2. Wochenbericht FS METEOR Reise M160
- Author
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Körtzinger, Arne
- Abstract
Tropischer Nordostatlantik, 14.5°N/25°W - 24.11.-1.12.2019
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- 2019
49. 1. Wochenbericht FS METEOR Reise M160
- Author
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Körtzinger, Arne
- Abstract
Tropischer Nordostatlantik, 14.5°N/25°W - 21.-24.11.2019
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- 2019
50. Characterization of a novel autonomous analyzer for seawater total alkalinity: Results from laboratory and field tests
- Author
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Seelmann, Katharina, Aßmann, Steffen, and Körtzinger, Arne
- Abstract
High‐quality seawater total alkalinity (AT) measurements are essential for reliable ocean carbon and acidification observations. Well‐established manual multipoint potentiometric titration methods already fulfill these requirements. The next step in the improvement of these observations is the increase of the spatial and temporal measuring resolution with minimal personnel and instrumental effort. For this, a rapid, automated underway analyzer meeting the same high requirements as the traditional method is necessary. In this study, we carried out a comprehensive characterization of the flow‐through analyzer CONTROS HydroFIA® TA (Kongsberg Maritime Contros GmbH, Kiel, Germany) for automated seawater AT measurements in the laboratory and in field with overall more than 5000 measurements. Under laboratory conditions, the analyzer featured a precision of ± 1.5 μmol kg−1 and an accuracy of ± 1.0 μmol kg−1, combined in an uncertainty of 1.6 – 2.0 μmol kg−1. High precision (± 1.1 μmol kg−1) and accuracy (−0.3 ± 2.8 μmol kg−1), and low uncertainty (2.0 – 2.5 μmol kg−1) were also achieved during field trials of 4 and 6 weeks duration. Although a linear drift appears to be the typical behavior of the system, this can be corrected for by regular reference measurements giving consistent measurement results. Another advantage of regular reference measurements is the early detection of any kind of malfunction due to its direct impact on the measurement performance. Based on the present study, recommendations for automated long‐term deployments are provided in order to gain optimal performance characteristics, aiming at the requirements for AT measurements.
- Published
- 2019
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