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Objective: The harmful or beneficial effect of obesity on bone mineral density (BMD) remains controversial in children and adolescents. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a metabolic factor that plays a specific role in the regulation of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. However, the role of FGF21 in bone metabolism appears paradoxical and is complex. To determine whether serum FGF21 level was associated with BMD in obese children and adolescents. Methods: The study was conducted with the participation of children and adolescents aged 8-18 years. Ninety-eight obese children were included in the study group and 44 children were included in the control group. BMD, in addition to the routine obesity workup, which includes fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin levels, lipid profile, and liver enzymes; serum FGF21 levels have been analyzed. Results: The mean age of the obese group (n=98) was 13.34±2.24 years and the mean age of controls (n=44) was 13.48±2.87 years. Based on International Diabetes Federation criteria, 15 of 98 (15.3%) patients were metabolically unhealthy. FGF21 levels were 193.54±139.62 mg/dL in the obese group and 158.69±151.81 mg/dL in the control group (p=0.06). There was no difference between the FGF21 and BMD z-score values of girls and boys in the obese and control groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: BMD-z-score was increased in obese children compared to healthy control. Moreover, BMD-z-score tended to be higher when more metabolic risk factors were present. However, there was no significant relationship between FGF21 levels and BMD z-score values in obese children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of the Turkish-German Gynecological Association is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Molecular Imaging & Radionuclide Therapy is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Histomorphological, physiological, and biomechanical changes of the skin and tissue that are being expanded have been extensively studied in the past. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the skin lymph flow and lymphatics may be influenced during tissue expansion, and also to study different pattern of vascular supply of skin on lymph flow during tissue expansion. The skin lymph flow was quantitatively assessed by 99mTc-dextran lymphoscintigraphy, and the structure of dermal lymphatics was evaluated by histological examination in 12 rabbits. Lymphoscintigraphic results showed that lymph flow is significantly reduced both in expanded and non-expanded (sham-operated) skin. Histologically, we saw widespread lymphatic distension in both expanded and non-expanded skin. There were no quantitative differences in the number of lymphatic vessels compared with control skin. We did not see any lymphatic capillaries in the subdermal capsule of either expanded or non-expanded skin. These results show that lymphostasis has an obstructive (mechanical) aetiology, and the tissue expander itself reduces the lymph flow regardless of expansion, and interferes with the formation of new lymphatic vessels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Nuclear Medicine Seminars is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Nuclear Medicine Seminars is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aim: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of Ga-68-Prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography/computerized tomography (PET/CT) in the comparison of planar bone scintigraphy (BS) in the detection of bone metastases, to determine if there is an additional benefit of BS in the patients who already underwent Ga-68-PSMA PET/CT and to define the role of additional information from Ga-68-PSMA PET/CT in the treatment planning. Method: Forty-two patients with a median interval of 19 days between PSMA PET/CT and BS included to the analysis. Since histologic gold standard was absent for most of the cases, we defined best valuable comparator that is based on the consensus review of all available current and follow-up clinical data and imaging studies. For statistical analysis, the equivocal lesions were counted as negative (optimistic reading) or positive (pessimistic reading) in all imaging modalities. Results: While BS was positive for bone metastases in 31 (67%) patients, PSMA PET/CT was positive in 24 (52%) patients. In the patient-based analysis sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) for BS for detection of bone metastases were calculated as 50%, 19-29%, 32-39%, 32-39% and 33-39% whether equivocal findings were classified as positive or negative. For PSMA PET/CT these values were found significantly higher as 100%, 95-100%, 98-100%, 96-100% and 100%, respectively. In region-based analysis sensitivity and specificity for BS for detection of bone metastases were calculated as 70- 80% and 15-80% whether equivocal findings were classified as positive or negative. For PSMA PET/CT these values were found significantly higher as around 100% and 100%. Further analysis on the diagnostic performance of BS and PET/CT were analyzed based on clinical subgroups. PSMA PET/CT was superior than BS in three groups. BS had higher sensitivity in staging and mCRPC groups than BCR. However, its specificity was lower in same indications. BS seems to have the highest accuracy in mCRPC group. In the staging group, based on the additional information from Ga-68-PSMA PET/ CT the treatment strategy remained similar in two patients while it was changed from systematic to local in the 11/25 patients. In BCR group, the treatment strategy was changed from systemic to local in all of them. Conclusion: In this retrospective study, PSMA PET/CT was found superior than planar BS in the detection of bone metastases. Additional information from PSMA PET/CT changes the treatment strategy in patients with BCR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Nuclear Medicine Seminars is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)