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Fucoidan-rich seaweed extract (FRSE) was prepared from Sargassum wightii by modified alcohol-water extraction method. A 45-day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the individual and combined effect of fucoidan-rich seaweed extract (FRSE—20 g kg−1) and exogenous α-amylase (100 mg kg−1) on the growth response, metabolic enzymes, immune parameters, and amylase gene expression of Labeo rohita. Four purified iso-nitrogenous diets (350 g CP kg−1 feed) with different combinations of α-amylase were prepared. Among the various treatment groups, the group fed with FRSE along with amylase group exhibited significantly higher (p

Hypoxia in aquatic environment is often a recurrent stressor which can affect growth and health of fishes. However, nutritional intervention can help aquatic animals to cope up with environmental stressors so as to alleviate the adverse effects. Here, we examined the impact of L-Arginine (Arg) supplementation on hypoxia-induced changes in immune responses and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila infection in Indian Major Carp, Cirrhinus mrigala. The fish were fed with graded levels of Arg for 60 days and exposed to 72 h sublethal level of hypoxia (0.50 ± 0.16 mg/L dissolved oxygen [DO]). The six treatment groups with three replicates having different levels of Arginine such as N0.0 (0% Arg + Normoxia), H0.0 (0% Arg + Hypoxia), N0.7 (0.70% Arg + Normoxia), H0.7 (0.70% Arg + Hypoxia), N1.4 (1.40% Arg + Normoxia), and H1.4 (1.40% Arg + Hypoxia) were used in the study. Subsequently, the fish of different treatment groups were challenged with A. hydrophila. The hypoxia exposed fish exhibited significantly higher (P

The present work proposes a simple cost effective multilevel topology for generating high quality sinusoidal AC waveform based onmulti-tapped multi-winding transformer switching technique. Multi-winding multi-tapped transformers are used to aid the multi-level switching process which guarantees a large number of intermediate switching levels. Each secondary tapping can act as a separate DC source derived from the single DC supply input to feed the second transformer. The proposed topology can generate 27 switching states by using only 8 switches and 3 full bridge diode rectifiers. The basic working principle is based on the selective addition and subtraction of magnetic flux in the transformer core. Although the mathematical modeling of multi-winding multi-tapped transformer is slightly complex, the resulting circuit complexity reduces when compared to the conventional topologies like diode clamped, capacitor clamped and cascaded multilevel inverters. The present work uses PSPICE and MATLABmodeling techniques to simulate the entire system using synthesized multi-winding multi-tapped transformer models. Also the proposed system has superior quality performance characteristics when compared to the conventional topologies, due to its ability to avoid major drawbacks like capacitor voltage unbalancing, common mode voltage stresses at the load end and the requirement of large filters to avoid the presence of harmonic frequencies at the output.