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1. Search for keV-scale sterile neutrinos with the first KATRIN data

Author

M. Aker, D. Batzler, A. Beglarian, J. Behrens, A. Berlev, U. Besserer, B. Bieringer, F. Block, S. Bobien, B. Bornschein, L. Bornschein, M. Böttcher, T. Brunst, T. S. Caldwell, S. Chilingaryan, W. Choi, K. Debowski, M. Descher, D. Díaz Barrero, P. J. Doe, O. Dragoun, G. Drexlin, F. Edzards, K. Eitel, E. Ellinger, R. Engel, S. Enomoto, A. Felden, J. A. Formaggio, F. M. Fränkle, G. B. Franklin, F. Friedel, A. Fulst, K. Gauda, A. S. Gavin, W. Gil, F. Glück, R. Grössle, R. Gumbsheimer, V. Hannen, N. Haußmann, K. Helbing, S. Hickford, R. Hiller, D. Hillesheimer, D. Hinz, T. Höhn, T. Houdy, A. Huber, A. Jansen, C. Karl, J. Kellerer, M. Kleifges, M. Klein, C. Köhler, L. Köllenberger, A. Kopmann, M. Korzeczek, A. Kovalík, B. Krasch, H. Krause, L. La Cascio, T. Lasserre, T. L. Le, O. Lebeda, B. Lehnert, A. Lokhov, M. Machatschek, E. Malcherek, M. Mark, A. Marsteller, E. L. Martin, C. Melzer, S. Mertens, J. Mostafa, K. Müller, H. Neumann, S. Niemes, P. Oelpmann, D. S. Parno, A. W. P. Poon, J. M. L. Poyato, F. Priester, J. Ráliš, S. Ramachandran, R. G. H. Robertson, W. Rodejohann, C. Rodenbeck, M. Röllig, C. Röttele, M. Ryšavý, R. Sack, A. Saenz, R. Salomon, P. Schäfer, L. Schimpf, M. Schlösser, K. Schlösser, L. Schlüter, S. Schneidewind, M. Schrank, A. Schwemmer, M. Šefǧík, V. Sibille, D. Siegmann, M. Slezák, F. Spanier, M. Steidl, M. Sturm, H. H. Telle, L. A. Thorne, T. Thümmler, N. Titov, I. Tkachev, K. Urban, K. Valerius, D. Vénos, A. P. Vizcaya Hernández, C. Weinheimer, S. Welte, J. Wendel, M. Wetter, C. Wiesinger, J. F. Wilkerson, J. Wolf, S. Wüstling, J. Wydra, W. Xu, S. Zadoroghny, and G. Zeller

Subjects
Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract In this work we present a keV-scale sterile-neutrino search with a low-tritium-activity data set of the KATRIN experiment, acquired in a commissioning run in 2018. KATRIN performs a spectroscopic measurement of the tritium $$\upbeta $$ β -decay spectrum with the main goal of directly determining the effective electron anti-neutrino mass. During this commissioning phase a lower tritium activity facilitated the measurement of a wider part of the tritium spectrum and thus the search for sterile neutrinos with a mass of up to $$1.6\, \textrm{keV}$$ 1.6 keV . We do not find a signal and set an exclusion limit on the sterile-to-active mixing amplitude of $$\sin ^2\theta < 5\times 10^{-4}$$ sin 2 θ < 5 × 10 - 4 ( $$95\%$$ 95 % C.L.) at a mass of 0.3 keV. This result improves current laboratory-based bounds in the sterile-neutrino mass range between 0.1 and 1.0 keV.

Published
2023
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2. An active transverse energy filter to differentiate low energy particles with large pitch angles in a strong magnetic field

Author

K. Gauda, S. Schneidewind, G. Drexlin, A. Fulst, V. Hannen, T. König, A. Lokhov, P. Oelpmann, H.-W. Ortjohann, W. Pernice, R. G. H. Robertson, R. W. J. Salomon, M. Stappers, and C. Weinheimer

Subjects
Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract We present the idea and proof of principle measurements for an angular-selective active filter for charged particles. The motivation for the setup arises from the need to distinguish background electrons from signal electrons in a spectrometer of MAC-E filter type. While a large fraction of the background electrons exhibit predominantly small angles relative to the magnetic guiding field (corresponding to a low amount of kinetic energy in the motion component transverse to the field lines, in the following referred to as transverse energy) and pass the filter mostly unhindered, signal electrons from an isotropically emitting source interact with the active filter and are detected. The concept is demonstrated using a microchannel plate (MCP) as an active filter element. When correctly aligned with the magnetic field, electrons with a small transverse energy pass the channels of the MCP without interaction while electrons with large transverse energies hit the channel walls and trigger an avalanche of secondary electrons that is subsequently detected. Due to several drawbacks of MCPs for an actual transverse energy filter, an alternative detection technique using microstructured Si-PIN diodes is proposed.

Published
2022
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3. Precision measurement of the electron energy-loss function in tritium and deuterium gas for the KATRIN experiment

Author

M. Aker, A. Beglarian, J. Behrens, A. Berlev, U. Besserer, B. Bieringer, F. Block, B. Bornschein, L. Bornschein, M. Böttcher, T. Brunst, T. S. Caldwell, R. M. D. Carney, S. Chilingaryan, W. Choi, K. Debowski, M. Deffert, M. Descher, D. Díaz Barrero, P. J. Doe, O. Dragoun, G. Drexlin, F. Edzards, K. Eitel, E. Ellinger, A. El Miniawy, R. Engel, S. Enomoto, A. Felden, J. A. Formaggio, F. M. Fränkle, G. B. Franklin, F. Friedel, A. Fulst, K. Gauda, W. Gil, F. Glück, S. Groh, R. Grössle, R. Gumbsheimer, V. Hannen, N. Haußmann, F. Heizmann, K. Helbing, S. Hickford, R. Hiller, D. Hillesheimer, D. Hinz, T. Höhn, T. Houdy, A. Huber, A. Jansen, C. Karl, J. Kellerer, M. Kleesiek, M. Klein, C. Köhler, L. Köllenberger, A. Kopmann, M. Korzeczek, A. Kovalík, B. Krasch, H. Krause, N. Kunka, T. Lasserre, L. La Cascio, O. Lebeda, B. Lehnert, T. L. Le, A. Lokhov, M. Machatschek, E. Malcherek, M. Mark, A. Marsteller, E. L. Martin, M. Meier, C. Melzer, A. Menshikov, S. Mertens, J. Mostafa, K. Müller, S. Niemes, P. Oelpmann, D. S. Parno, A. W. P. Poon, J. M. L. Poyato, F. Priester, P. C.-O. Ranitzsch, R. G. H. Robertson, W. Rodejohann, C. Rodenbeck, M. Röllig, C. Röttele, M. Ryšavý, R. Sack, A. Saenz, P. Schäfer, A. Schaller (née Pollithy), L. Schimpf, K. Schlösser, M. Schlösser, L. Schlüter, S. Schneidewind, M. Schrank, B. Schulz, C. Schwachtgen, M. Šefčík, H. Seitz-Moskaliuk, V. Sibille, D. Siegmann, M. Slezák, M. Steidl, M. Sturm, M. Sun, D. Tcherniakhovski, H. H. Telle, L. A. Thorne, T. Thümmler, N. Titov, I. Tkachev, N. Trost, K. Urban, K. Valerius, D. Vénos, A. P. Vizcaya Hernández, C. Weinheimer, S. Welte, J. Wendel, J. F. Wilkerson, J. Wolf, S. Wüstling, W. Xu, Y.-R. Yen, S. Zadoroghny, and G. Zeller

Subjects
Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract The KATRIN experiment is designed for a direct and model-independent determination of the effective electron anti-neutrino mass via a high-precision measurement of the tritium $$\upbeta $$ β -decay endpoint region with a sensitivity on $$m_\nu $$ m ν of 0.2 $$\hbox {eV}/\hbox {c}^2$$ eV / c 2 (90% CL). For this purpose, the $$\upbeta $$ β -electrons from a high-luminosity windowless gaseous tritium source traversing an electrostatic retarding spectrometer are counted to obtain an integral spectrum around the endpoint energy of 18.6 keV. A dominant systematic effect of the response of the experimental setup is the energy loss of $$\upbeta $$ β -electrons from elastic and inelastic scattering off tritium molecules within the source. We determined the energy-loss function in-situ with a pulsed angular-selective and monoenergetic photoelectron source at various tritium-source densities. The data was recorded in integral and differential modes; the latter was achieved by using a novel time-of-flight technique. We developed a semi-empirical parametrization for the energy-loss function for the scattering of 18.6-keV electrons from hydrogen isotopologs. This model was fit to measurement data with a 95% $$\hbox {T}_2$$ T 2 gas mixture at 30 K, as used in the first KATRIN neutrino-mass analyses, as well as a $$\hbox {D}_2$$ D 2 gas mixture of 96% purity used in KATRIN commissioning runs. The achieved precision on the energy-loss function has abated the corresponding uncertainty of $$\sigma (m_\nu ^2)< {{10}^{-2}}{\hbox {eV}^{2}}$$ σ ( m ν 2 ) < 10 - 2 eV 2 [1] in the KATRIN neutrino-mass measurement to a subdominant level.

Published
2021
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4. Suppression of Penning discharges between the KATRIN spectrometers

Author

M. Aker, K. Altenmüller, A. Beglarian, J. Behrens, A. Berlev, U. Besserer, K. Blaum, F. Block, S. Bobien, B. Bornschein, L. Bornschein, H. Bouquet, T. Brunst, T. S. Caldwell, S. Chilingaryan, W. Choi, K. Debowski, M. Deffert, M. Descher, D. Díaz Barrero, P. J. Doe, O. Dragoun, G. Drexlin, S. Dyba, K. Eitel, E. Ellinger, R. Engel, S. Enomoto, D. Eversheim, M. Fedkevych, A. Felden, J. A. Formaggio, F. Fränkle, G. B. Franklin, H. Frankrone, F. Friedel, A. Fulst, K. Gauda, W. Gil, F. Glück, S. Grohmann, R. Grössle, R. Gumbsheimer, M. Hackenjos, V. Hannen, J. Hartmann, N. Haußmann, F. Heizmann, J. Heizmann, K. Helbing, S. Hickford, D. Hillesheimer, D. Hinz, T. Höhn, B. Holzapfel, S. Holzmann, T. Houdy, A. Jansen, C. Karl, J. Kellerer, N. Kernert, L. Kippenbrock, M. Klein, C. Köhler, L. Köllenberger, A. Kopmann, M. Korzeczek, A. Kovalík, B. Krasch, H. Krause, B. Kuffner, N. Kunka, T. Lasserre, L. La Cascio, O. Lebeda, B. Lehnert, J. Letnev, F. Leven, T. L. Le, S. Lichter, A. Lokhov, M. Machatschek, E. Malcherek, A. Marsteller, E. L. Martin, C. Melzer, A. Menshikov, S. Mertens, S. Mirz, B. Monreal, K. Müller, U. Naumann, H. Neumann, S. Niemes, M. Noe, H.-W. Ortjohann, A. Osipowicz, E. Otten, D. S. Parno, A. Pollithy, A. W. P. Poon, J. M. L. Poyato, F. Priester, P. C.-O. Ranitzsch, O. Rest, R. Rinderspacher, R. G. H. Robertson, C. Rodenbeck, P. Rohr, M. Röllig, C. Röttele, M. Ryšavý, R. Sack, A. Saenz, P. Schäfer, L. Schimpf, K. Schlösser, M. Schlösser, L. Schlüter, M. Schrank, B. Schulz, H. Seitz-Moskaliuk, W. Seller, V. Sibille, D. Siegmann, M. Slezák, F. Spanier, M. Steidl, M. Steven, M. Sturm, M. Suesser, M. Sun, D. Tcherniakhovski, H. H. Telle, L. A. Thorne, T. Thümmler, N. Titov, I. Tkachev, N. Trost, K. Valerius, D. Vénos, R. Vianden, A. P. Vizcaya Hernández, M. Weber, C. Weinheimer, C. Weiss, S. Welte, J. Wendel, J. F. Wilkerson, J. Wolf, S. Wüstling, W. Xu, Y.-R. Yen, S. Zadoroghny, and G. Zeller

Subjects
Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract The KArlsruhe TRItium Neutrino experiment (KATRIN) aims to determine the effective electron (anti)-neutrino mass with a sensitivity of 0.2eV/c $$^2$$ 2 by precisely measuring the endpoint region of the tritium $$\beta $$ β -decay spectrum. It uses a tandem of electrostatic spectrometers working as magnetic adiabatic collimation combined with an electrostatic (MAC-E) filters. In the space between the pre-spectrometer and the main spectrometer, creating a Penning trap is unavoidable when the superconducting magnet between the two spectrometers, biased at their respective nominal potentials, is energized. The electrons accumulated in this trap can lead to discharges, which create additional background electrons and endanger the spectrometer and detector section downstream. To counteract this problem, “electron catchers” were installed in the beamline inside the magnet bore between the two spectrometers. These catchers can be moved across the magnetic-flux tube and intercept on a sub-ms time scale the stored electrons along their magnetron motion paths. In this paper, we report on the design and the successful commissioning of the electron catchers and present results on their efficiency in reducing the experimental background.

Published
2020
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5. First direct neutrino-mass measurement with sub-eV sensitivity

Author

M. Aker, M. Bottcher, A. Beglarian, J. Behrens, A. Berlev, U. Besserer, B. Bieringer, F. Block, B. Bornschein, L. Bornschein, T. Brunst, T. S. Caldwell, R. M. D. Carney, L. La Cascio, S. Chilingaryan, W. Choi, K. Debowski, M. Deffert, M. Descher, D. D´ıaz Barrero, P. J. Doe, O. Dragouns, G. Drexlin, K. Eitel, E. Ellinger, R. Engel, S. Enomoto, A. Felden, J. A. Formaggio, F. M. Frankle, G. B. Franklin, F. Friedel, A. Fulst, K. Gauda, W. Gil, F. Gluck, R. Grossle, R. Gumbsheimer, V. Gupta, T. Hohn, V. Hannen, N. Haußmann, K. Helbing, S. Hickford, R. Hiller, D. Hillsheimer, D. Hinz, T. Houdy, A. Huber, A. Jansen, C. Karl, F. Kellerer, J. Kellerer, M. Klein, C. Kohler, L. Kollenberger, A. Kopmann, M. Korzeczek, A. Kovalik, B. Krasch, H. Krause, N. Kunka, T. Lasserre, T. L. Le, O. Lebeda, B. Lehnert, A. Lokhov, M. Machatschek, E. Malcherek, M. Mark, A. Marsteller, E. L. Martin, C. Melzer, A. Menshikov, Susanne Mertens, S. Mertens, J. Mostafa, K. Muller, S. Niemes, P. Oelpmann, D. S. Parno, A. W. P. Poon, J. M. L. Poyato, F. Priester, M. Rollig, C. Rottele, R. G. H. Robertson, W. Rodejohann, C. Rodenbeck, M. Rysavy, R. Sack, A. Saenz, P. Schafer, A. Schaller (nee Pollithy), L. Schimpf, K. Scholosser, Magnus Schlösser, L. Schluter, S. Schneidewind, M. Schrank, B. Schulz, A. Schwemmer, M. Sefcık, V. Sibille, D. Siegmann, M. Slezak, M. Steidl, M. Sturm, M. Sun, D. Tcherniakhovski, H. H. Telle, L. A. Thorne, T. Thummler, N. Titov, I. Tkachev, K. Urban, K. Valerius, D. Venos, A. P. Vizcaya Hernandez, C. Weinheimer, S. Welte, J. Wendel, J. F. Wilkerson, J. Wolf, S. Wustling, W. Xu, Y.-R. Yen, S. Zadoroghny, and G. Zeller

Subjects
Physics, Particle physics, Electron, Sensitivity (control systems), Mass campaign, Neutrino, Spectral data, Mass measurement, KATRIN
Abstract

We report the results of the second measurement campaign of the Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment. KATRIN probes the effective electron anti-neutrino mass, mν, via a high-precision measurement of the tritium β-decay spectrum close to its endpoint at 18.6 keV. In the second physics run presented here, the source activity was increased by a factor of 3.8 and the background was reduced by 25% with respect to the first campaign. A sensitivity on mν of 0.7 eV/c2 at 90% confidence level (CL) was reached. This is the first sub-eV sensitivity from a direct neutrino-mass experiment. The best fit to the spectral data yields mν2=(0.26±0.34) eV2/c4, resulting in an upper limit of mν2 (90% CL). By combining this result with the first neutrino mass campaign, we find an upper limit of mν2 (90% CL).

Published
2021
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6. The design, construction, and commissioning of the KATRIN experiment

Author

Stefan Welte, N. Titov, N. Trost, Suren Chilingaryan, S. Zadoroghny, J. Mostafa, B. Bieringer, L.I. Minter, B. L. Wall, M. Šefčík, M. Zacher, S. Bauer, C. Rodenbeck, A. P. Vizcaya Hernández, M. Fedkevych, M. Held, H. Bouquet, B. Krasch, P. C.-O. Ranitzsch, F. Block, T. Höhn, K. Vogt, A. Beglarian, C. Weinheimer, Thierry Lasserre, F. Eichelhardt, H. Bolz, Igor Tkachev, M. A. Howe, P. Plischke, C. Bettin, D.A. Peterson, P. Renschler, F. M. Fränkle, J. Grimm, Guido Drexlin, F. Edzards, A. Verbeek, B. Ostrick, K. Mehret, C. Köhler, B.A. VanDevender, M. Erhard, A. Felden, U. Naumann, R. Grössle, J. Kleinfeller, M. Hackenjos, M. Böttcher, Holger Neumann, Volker Hannen, L. La Cascio, B. Bender, K. Helbing, M. Meloni, H. Weingardt, P. Oelpmann, A. Osipowicz, R. Rinderspacher, Klaus Blaum, N.M. Boyd, A. Off, Joseph A. Formaggio, Michael Sturm, M. Deffert, A. Kumb, H. Frenzel, S. Horn, S. Dyba, V. Sibille, Andreas Kopmann, P. J. Doe, H. Bechtler, T. Houdy, D. Hinz, F. Heizmann, Lutz Bornschein, M. Prall, M. Klein, W. Gil, K. Gauda, G.A. Cox, A. Kovalík, K. Schlösser, A. I. Berlev, K.J. Wierman, M. Kaiser, S. Schneidewind, U. Besserer, R. Berendes, S. Fischer, A. Schaller, A. Jansen, S. Bobien, K. Altenmüller, Y.-R. Yen, O. Rest, E. L. Martin, K. Urban, A. Menshikov, R. G. H. Robertson, Reiner Vianden, A. Kosmider, M. Ryšavý, S. Groh, Ferenc Glück, Alan Poon, H.-W. Ortjohann, D. Hillesheimer, Alexey Lokhov, J. Reich, W. Seller, T. Brunst, G. P. Zeller, M. Slezák, J. A. Dunmore, S. Niemes, J. Bast, P. Rohr, S. Lichter, M. Korzeczek, M. Aker, M. Babutzka, Florian Priester, Marc Weber, K. Debowski, T. D. Van Wechel, Susanne Mertens, S. Görhardt, M. Descher, B. Hillen, D. Vénos, A. Marsteller, F. Friedel, A. Huber, S. Hickford, M. Machatschek, F. Harms, B. Lehnert, Felix Spanier, M. Mark, P. Schäfer, J. Hartmann, R. Sack, R. Gehring, H. Seitz-Moskaliuk, J.F. Amsbaugh, L. A. Thorne, J. Letnev, Marco Röllig, C. Röttele, E. Ellinger, B. Leiber, Alejandro Saenz, T. James, Beate Bornschein, Sascha Wüstling, M. Zboril, M. Kleesiek, W. Xu, T. S. Caldwell, Werner Rodejohann, Matthias Arenz, Ondřej Lebeda, L. Schlüter, M. Kraus, Joachim Wolf, N. Haußmann, Daniel Siegmann, J. Kellerer, A. Fulst, H. Krause, M. Sun, M. Steidl, O. Kazachenko, Benjamin Monreal, D. Díaz Barrero, E. Malcherek, J. Bohn, M. Leber, O. Dragoun, Denis Tcherniakhovski, T.J. Corona, J. Behrens, G. C. Harper, N. Kunka, M. Sagawe, Magnus Schlösser, Diana Parno, J. Wendel, Steffen Grohmann, S. Holzmann, L. Köllenberger, T.H. Burritt, D. Eversheim, Marcus Beck, Thomas Thümmler, L. Kuckert, R. Hiller, N. Wandkowsky, Z. Chaoui, K. Eitel, D. Hilk, M. Hötzel, Kathrin Valerius, C. Weiss, S. Rupp, M. Kleifges, C. Karl, M. Schrank, L. Schimpf, R. J. Lewis, J. F. Wilkerson, H. Schön, L. Kippenbrock, K. Schönung, R. Gumbsheimer, G. B. Franklin, C. Melzer, Helmut H. Telle, J. Schwarz, W. Q. Choi, J. M. Lopez Poyato, D. Häßler, B. Schulz, Ralph Engel, K. Müller, Sanshiro Enomoto, T. L. Le, K. Bokeloh, A. W. Myers, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, KATRIN, The KATRIN collaboration, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)

Subjects
Speichertechnik - Abteilung Blaum, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Project commissioning, Computer science, FOS: Physical sciences, beam transport, KATRIN, 01 natural sciences, Technical design, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, mass: scale, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Mass scale, ddc:530, neutrino: mass, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, detector: design, activity report, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Physics, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), stability, sensitivity, Mass measurement, Beamline, Neutrino
Abstract

The KArlsruhe TRItium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment, which aims to make a direct and model-independent determination of the absolute neutrino mass scale, is a complex experiment with many components. More than 15 years ago, we published a technical design report (TDR) [https://publikationen.bibliothek.kit.edu/270060419] to describe the hardware design and requirements to achieve our sensitivity goal of 0.2 eV at 90% C.L. on the neutrino mass. Since then there has been considerable progress, culminating in the publication of first neutrino mass results with the entire beamline operating [arXiv:1909.06048]. In this paper, we document the current state of all completed beamline components (as of the first neutrino mass measurement campaign), demonstrate our ability to reliably and stably control them over long times, and present details on their respective commissioning campaigns., Comment: Added missing acknowledgement, corrected performance statement in chapter 4.2.5, updated author list and references

Published
2021
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7. Bound on 3+1 Active-Sterile Neutrino Mixing from the First Four-Week Science Run of KATRIN

Author

K. Gauda, U. Besserer, R. Hiller, K. Eitel, Alejandro Saenz, Beate Bornschein, Sascha Wüstling, Sanshiro Enomoto, T. L. Le, C. Karl, W. Xu, S. Dyba, W. Q. Choi, T. Brunst, M. Schrank, L. La Cascio, L. Köllenberger, M. Slezák, Volker Hannen, S. Hickford, J. M. Lopez Poyato, Magnus Schlösser, L. Schimpf, T. Houdy, D. Hinz, N. Titov, A. Kovalík, A. Schaller, C. Weinheimer, Diana Parno, B. Schulz, L. Schlüter, T. Höhn, Y.-R. Yen, O. Rest, E. Ellinger, F. M. Fränkle, Ralph Engel, J. Wendel, J. F. Wilkerson, R. G. H. Robertson, K. Müller, P. Oelpmann, M. Steidl, B. Krasch, Alexey Lokhov, Thierry Lasserre, A. I. Berlev, L. Kippenbrock, R. Gumbsheimer, Thomas Thümmler, G. B. Franklin, D. Díaz Barrero, Guido Drexlin, P. J. Doe, M. Korzeczek, Susanne Mertens, Igor Tkachev, M. Aker, R. Grössle, K. Helbing, Kathrin Valerius, A. P. Vizcaya Hernández, A. Jansen, M. Ryšavý, Ferenc Glück, D. Hillesheimer, C. Weiss, C. Melzer, Lutz Bornschein, N. Haußmann, Daniel Siegmann, G. P. Zeller, M. Šefčík, R. Sack, E. Malcherek, E. L. Martin, Felix Spanier, K. Debowski, M. Mark, P. Schäfer, M. Descher, D. Vénos, B. Lehnert, N. Le Guennic, S. Zadoroghny, L. A. Thorne, K. Altenmüller, S. Niemes, Joachim Wolf, A. Marsteller, F. Friedel, K. Schlösser, M. Machatschek, C. Rodenbeck, M. Böttcher, O. Dragoun, J. Behrens, Florian Priester, Marc Weber, V. Sibille, Andreas Kopmann, J. Kellerer, A. Fulst, H. Krause, M. Sun, H. Seitz-Moskaliuk, Marco Röllig, C. Röttele, Stefan Welte, Suren Chilingaryan, Joseph A. Formaggio, Michael Sturm, A. Huber, H. H. Telle, B. Bieringer, A. Beglarian, A. Felden, N. Trost, Ondřej Lebeda, F. Edzards, Klaus Blaum, M. Deffert, M. Klein, W. Gil, M. Fedkevych, F. Block, A. Osipowicz, T. S. Caldwell, Alan Poon, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, KATRIN, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)

Subjects
Semileptonic decay, Sterile neutrino, neutrino: mass difference, General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, anomaly, Spectral distortion, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], KATRIN, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Combinatorics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], ddc:530, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Mixing (physics), Physics, nucleus: semileptonic decay, gallium, electron: particle identification, tritium, neutrino: sterile: mass, State (functional analysis), ddc, Elementary Particles and Fields, spectral, neutrino: oscillation, nuclear reactor, Neutrino, Präzisionsexperimente - Abteilung Blaum, neutrino: mixing, experimental results
Abstract

We report on the light sterile neutrino search from the first four-week science run of the KATRIN experiment in~2019. Beta-decay electrons from a high-purity gaseous molecular tritium source are analyzed by a high-resolution MAC-E filter down to 40 eV below the endpoint at 18.57 keV. We consider the framework with three active neutrinos and one sterile neutrino of mass $m_{4}$. The analysis is sensitive to a fourth mass state $m^2_{4} \lesssim$ 1000 eV$^2$ and to active-to-sterile neutrino mixing down to $|U_{e4}|^2 \gtrsim 2\cdot10^{-2}$. No significant spectral distortion is observed and exclusion bounds on the sterile mass and mixing are reported. These new limits supersede the Mainz results and improve the Troitsk bound for $m^2_{4}, Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures

Published
2021
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8. Suppression of Penning discharges between the KATRIN spectrometers

Author

D. Díaz Barrero, W. Seller, S. Zadoroghny, Sanshiro Enomoto, T. L. Le, Holger Neumann, Ondřej Lebeda, C. Rodenbeck, P. Rohr, B. Kuffner, N. Haußmann, S. Niemes, H. Bouquet, M. Aker, A. Menshikov, Bernhard Holzapfel, Klaus Blaum, Daniel Siegmann, H. Seitz-Moskaliuk, M. Deffert, M. Klein, Thomas Thümmler, G. P. Zeller, A. Marsteller, Reiner Vianden, F. Friedel, F. Block, Magnus Schlösser, F. Leven, Marco Röllig, C. Röttele, J. Heizmann, S. Dyba, M. Machatschek, Diana Parno, M. Steidl, J. Wendel, L. La Cascio, C. Melzer, N. Kernert, M. Korzeczek, A. Felden, H. Frankrone, K. Debowski, J. Hartmann, W. Q. Choi, U. Naumann, A. W. P. Poon, M. Descher, A. Osipowicz, Y.-R. Yen, O. Rest, Susanne Mertens, Steffen Grohmann, T. Houdy, D. Hinz, K. Gauda, A. Kovalík, N. Kunka, N. Titov, P. J. Doe, V. Sibille, Andreas Kopmann, D. Vénos, M. Schrank, W. Gil, U. Besserer, Alexey Lokhov, B. Lehnert, B. Krasch, S. Bobien, Kathrin Valerius, T. S. Caldwell, Thierry Lasserre, K. Schlösser, A. Jansen, R. G. H. Robertson, L. Schimpf, K. Altenmüller, E. L. Martin, A. Pollithy, Guido Drexlin, Ferenc Glück, M. Hackenjos, D. Hillesheimer, B. Schulz, Ralph Engel, N. Trost, C. Weiss, K. Müller, M. Steven, P. C.-O. Ranitzsch, T. Höhn, P. Schäfer, H.-W. Ortjohann, F. Heizmann, Sebastian Mirz, R. Sack, Ch. Weinheimer, J. F. Wilkerson, S. Lichter, Volker Hannen, L. A. Thorne, R. Grössle, A. P. Vizcaya Hernández, L. Köllenberger, Florian Priester, M. Ryšavý, L. Schlüter, Marc Weber, Ernst W. Otten, J. M. L. Poyato, M. Fedkevych, R. Rinderspacher, K. Helbing, L. Kippenbrock, R. Gumbsheimer, G. B. Franklin, Lutz Bornschein, Felix Spanier, Igor Tkachev, F. M. Fränkle, A. I. Berlev, Joseph A. Formaggio, Michael Sturm, Joachim Wolf, C. Köhler, J. Kellerer, A. Fulst, H. Krause, M. Sun, Benjamin Monreal, O. Dragoun, J. Behrens, E. Malcherek, Denis Tcherniakhovski, Alejandro Saenz, Beate Bornschein, Sascha Wüstling, W. Xu, Mathias Noe, T. Brunst, M. Slezák, S. Hickford, J. Letnev, M. Suesser, E. Ellinger, S. Holzmann, D. Eversheim, Stefan Welte, Suren Chilingaryan, H. H. Telle, A. Beglarian, K. Eitel, C. Karl, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Département de Physique des Particules (ex SPP) (DPhP), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, KATRIN, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Physique des Particules (ex SPP) (DPP), UAM. Departamento de Química Física Aplicada, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)

Subjects
Speichertechnik - Abteilung Blaum, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Penning trap, FOS: Physical sciences, lcsh:Astrophysics, Superconducting magnet, Electron, Tritium, KATRIN, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, lcsh:QB460-466, lcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, Electron Capture, ddc:530, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Engineering (miscellaneous), Physics, Spectrometer, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Química, magnet: superconductivity, spectrometer: electrostatic, Beamline, Beta (plasma physics), electron: background, lcsh:QC770-798, Neutrino, Neutrino Mass
Abstract

The KArlsruhe TRItium Neutrino experiment (KATRIN) aims to determine the effective electron (anti)neutrino mass with a sensitivity of $0.2\textrm{ eV/c}^2$ (90$\%$ C.L.) by precisely measuring the endpoint region of the tritium $\beta$-decay spectrum. It uses a tandem of electrostatic spectrometers working as MAC-E (magnetic adiabatic collimation combined with an electrostatic) filters. In the space between the pre-spectrometer and the main spectrometer, an unavoidable Penning trap is created when the superconducting magnet between the two spectrometers, biased at their respective nominal potentials, is energized. The electrons accumulated in this trap can lead to discharges, which create additional background electrons and endanger the spectrometer and detector section downstream. To counteract this problem, "electron catchers" were installed in the beamline inside the magnet bore between the two spectrometers. These catchers can be moved across the magnetic-flux tube and intercept on a sub-ms time scale the stored electrons along their magnetron motion paths. In this paper, we report on the design and the successful commissioning of the electron catchers and present results on their efficiency in reducing the experimental background., Comment: - 12 pages, 14 figures, LaTeX; typos corrected, references added; precised a few arguments, added additional discussions, results unchanged

Published
2020
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9. First operation of the KATRIN experiment with tritium

Author

Kathrin Valerius, B. Lehnert, Pablo I. Morales Guzmán, Felix Spanier, J. F. Wilkerson, A. Off, Fotios Megas, C. Weiss, B. Schulz, Manuel Lebert, R. Grössle, Ralph Engel, K. Müller, N. Kernert, L. Kippenbrock, R. Gumbsheimer, K. Helbing, A. Huber, Martin Ha-Minh, Weiran Xu, Siegfried Holzmann, G. B. Franklin, Johann Letnev, L. Köllenberger, Marius Arenz, F. M. Fränkle, M. Steidl, E. L. Martin, M. A. Howe, M. Schrank, P. J. Doe, A. Kovalík, S. Dyba, K. Debowski, F. Edzards, N. Trost, Deseada D. Díaz Barrero, Reiner Vianden, M. Descher, M. Hackenjos, L. Schimpf, Miloš Ryšavý, Norbert Kunka, Thomas Thümmler, D. Fuchs, Heinz Frankrone, A. Jansen, M. Aker, P. Schäfer, W. Q. Choi, Heiko Bouquet, K. Eitel, Fabian Leven, C. Rodenbeck, F. Heizmann, L. Schlüter, Y.-R. Yen, K. Urban, B. Krasch, Thierry Lasserre, O. Rest, L. A. Thorne, Ferenc Glück, D. Hillesheimer, T. Houdy, D. Hinz, Sebastian Mirz, M. Fedkevych, Klaus Blaum, M. Deffert, N. Titov, Rolf Rinderspacher, John E. Barrett, Guido Drexlin, M. Korzeczek, Anna Pollithy, Susanne Mertens, M. Klein, Holger Neumann, A. Osipowicz, Sanshiro Enomoto, R. Sack, Magnus Schlösser, C. Melzer, Alexey Lokhov, T. L. Le, Benedikt Kuffner, Bernhard Holzapfel, Petra Rohr, K. Gauda, A. Felden, N. Haußmann, U. Besserer, G. P. Zeller, V. Sibille, Andreas Kopmann, Drahoslav Vénos, P. C.-O. Ranitzsch, Christian Weinheimer, Daniel Siegmann, Diana Parno, C. Karl, J. Manuel Lopez Poyato, A. I. Berlev, Steffen Bobien, Luisa La Cascio, Ernst W. Otten, K. Schlösser, K. Altenmüller, Igor Tkachev, J. Wendel, Johannes Heizmann, Lutz Bornschein, Martin Mark, Uwe Naumann, Steffen Grohmann, Joseph A. Formaggio, Michael Sturm, S. V. Zadorozhny, Julius Hartmann, Florian Priester, Marc Weber, Volker Hannen, Manfred Suesser, H. Seitz-Moskaliuk, Marco Röllig, C. Röttele, T. Höhn, A. Beglarian, Ondřej Lebeda, Matthias Meier, Stefan Welte, Alejandro Saenz, Suren Chilingaryan, Beate Bornschein, Madlen Steven, Sascha Wüstling, H. H. Telle, S. Niemes, A. Marsteller, F. Friedel, Mathias Noe, M. Machatschek, Steffen Lichter, Thomas S. Caldwell, T. Brunst, M. Slezák, S. Hickford, Ana P. Vizcaya Hernández, E. Ellinger, D. Eversheim, E. Malcherek, Denis Tcherniakhovski, R. G. Hamish Robertson, Woo-Jeong Baek, J. Kellerer, A. Fulst, H. Krause, M. Sun, Benjamin Monreal, O. Dragoun, J. Behrens, Waldemar Seller, Joachim Wolf, C. Köhler, A. Menshikov, W. Gil, H.-W. Ortjohann, F. Block, A. W. P. Poon, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, KATRIN, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), UAM. Departamento de Química Física Aplicada, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, FOS: Physical sciences, lcsh:Astrophysics, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Tritium, KATRIN, 01 natural sciences, antineutrino/e: mass, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), lcsh:QB460-466, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], lcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, Mass scale, ddc:530, Electron Capture, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, Engineering (miscellaneous), Nuclear Experiment, Astroparticle physics, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, tritium, Química, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), sensitivity, ddc, lcsh:QC770-798, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Präzisionsexperimente - Abteilung Blaum, Neutrino Mass, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Electron neutrino, performance, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, experimental results
Abstract

The determination of the neutrino mass is one of the major challenges in astroparticle physics today. Direct neutrino mass experiments, based solely on the kinematics of $$\upbeta $$β-decay, provide a largely model-independent probe to the neutrino mass scale. The Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment is designed to directly measure the effective electron antineutrino mass with a sensitivity of $$0.2\hbox { eV}$$0.2eV ($$90\%$$90% CL). In this work we report on the first operation of KATRIN with tritium which took place in 2018. During this commissioning phase of the tritium circulation system, excellent agreement of the theoretical prediction with the recorded spectra was found and stable conditions over a time period of 13 days could be established. These results are an essential prerequisite for the subsequent neutrino mass measurements with KATRIN in 2019.

Published
2019
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10. Precision measurement of the electron energy-loss function in tritium and deuterium gas for the KATRIN experiment

Author

F. Edzards, T. Höhn, S. Niemes, J. M. L. Poyato, Joseph A. Formaggio, B. Lehnert, A. Marsteller, F. Friedel, R. Grössle, A. Menshikov, R. Hiller, K. Debowski, L. A. Thorne, K. Urban, S. Hickford, K. Eitel, M. Deffert, L. Bornschein, M. Ryšavý, Andreas Kopmann, P. J. Doe, N. Trost, Igor Tkachev, P. Oelpmann, Manuel Klein, E. Ellinger, L. Köllenberger, O. Dragoun, F. M. Fränkle, M. Mark, P. Schäfer, C. Rodenbeck, Werner Rodejohann, M. Machatschek, Alejandro Saenz, E. Malcherek, V. Sibille, A. I. Berlev, Daniel Siegmann, A. Jansen, L. La Cascio, Ferenc Glück, D. Hillesheimer, Matthias Meier, Denis Tcherniakhovski, M. Šefčík, Norbert Kunka, M. Böttcher, Beate Bornschein, Sascha Wüstling, M. Kleesiek, T. Thümmler, T. Brunst, L. Schlüter, D. Hinz, M. Aker, H. Seitz-Moskaliuk, Volker Hannen, F. Block, Stefan Welte, R. G. H. Robertson, F. Heizmann, Michael Sturm, Suren Chilingaryan, K. Gauda, U. Besserer, Christian Weinheimer, J. Mostafa, B. Bieringer, Marco Röllig, A. P. Vizcaya Hernández, A. Schaller, T. S. Caldwell, C. Röttele, K. Schlösser, B. Krasch, S. Groh, C. Karl, Joachim Wolf, Thierry Lasserre, C. Köhler, Kathrin Valerius, Guido Drexlin, N. Titov, A. Beglarian, P. C.-O. Ranitzsch, A. Felden, A. El Miniawy, G. P. Zeller, R. Sack, A. Kovalík, J. Kellerer, C. Schwachtgen, Florian Priester, A. Fulst, H. Krause, M. Sun, A. Huber, S. Zadoroghny, M. Descher, D. Vénos, M. Steidl, Weiran Xu, M. Slezák, K. Helbing, Y.-R. Yen, Rebecca Carney, Alexey Lokhov, A. W. P. Poon, Ondřej Lebeda, T. Houdy, W. Gil, S. Schneidewind, E. L. Martin, M. Korzeczek, Susanne Mertens, N. Haußmann, Magnus Schlösser, Diana Parno, J. Wendel, D. Díaz Barrero, M. Schrank, J. Behrens, L. Schimpf, C. Melzer, J. F. Wilkerson, R. Gumbsheimer, G. B. Franklin, Sanshiro Enomoto, T. L. Le, B. Schulz, Ralph Engel, K. Müller, Helmut H. Telle, W. Q. Choi, UAM. Departamento de Química Física Aplicada, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Département de Physique des Particules (ex SPP) (DPhP), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, KATRIN, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), and Département de Physique des Particules (ex SPP) (DPP)

Subjects
electron: energy loss, photoelectron: particle source, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Hydrogen, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, measurement methods, elastic scattering, FOS: Physical sciences, chemistry.chemical_element, QC770-798, Electron, Inelastic scattering, Astrophysics, KATRIN, time-of-flight, Tritium, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, gas, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Electron Capture, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Sensitivity (control systems), 010306 general physics, Engineering (miscellaneous), deuterium, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Scattering, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), inelastic scattering, Química, tritium: molecule, QB460-466, Deuterium, chemistry, Atomic physics, Neutrino Mass, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

The KATRIN experiment is designed for a direct and model-independent determination of the effective electron anti-neutrino mass via a high-precision measurement of the tritium $\beta$-decay endpoint region with a sensitivity on $m_\nu$ of 0.2$\,$eV/c$^2$ (90% CL). For this purpose, the $\beta$-electrons from a high-luminosity windowless gaseous tritium source traversing an electrostatic retarding spectrometer are counted to obtain an integral spectrum around the endpoint energy of 18.6$\,$keV. A dominant systematic effect of the response of the experimental setup is the energy loss of $\beta$-electrons from elastic and inelastic scattering off tritium molecules within the source. We determined the \linebreak energy-loss function in-situ with a pulsed angular-selective and monoenergetic photoelectron source at various tritium-source densities. The data was recorded in integral and differential modes; the latter was achieved by using a novel time-of-flight technique. We developed a semi-empirical parametrization for the energy-loss function for the scattering of 18.6-keV electrons from hydrogen isotopologs. This model was fit to measurement data with a 95% T$_2$ gas mixture at 30$\,$K, as used in the first KATRIN neutrino mass analyses, as well as a D$_2$ gas mixture of 96% purity used in KATRIN commissioning runs. The achieved precision on the energy-loss function has abated the corresponding uncertainty of $\sigma(m_\nu^2), Comment: 12 figures, 18 pages; to be submitted to EPJ C

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11. New Constraint on the Local Relic Neutrino Background Overdensity with the First KATRIN Data Runs.

Author

Aker M, Batzler D, Beglarian A, Behrens J, Berlev A, Besserer U, Bieringer B, Block F, Bobien S, Bornschein B, Bornschein L, Böttcher M, Brunst T, Caldwell TS, Carney RMD, Chilingaryan S, Choi W, Debowski K, Descher M, Díaz Barrero D, Doe PJ, Dragoun O, Drexlin G, Edzards F, Eitel K, Ellinger E, Engel R, Enomoto S, Felden A, Formaggio JA, Fränkle FM, Franklin GB, Friedel F, Fulst A, Gauda K, Gavin AS, Gil W, Glück F, Grössle R, Gumbsheimer R, Hannen V, Haußmann N, Helbing K, Hickford S, Hiller R, Hillesheimer D, Hinz D, Höhn T, Houdy T, Huber A, Jansen A, Karl C, Kellerer F, Kellerer J, Kleifges M, Klein M, Köhler C, Köllenberger L, Kopmann A, Korzeczek M, Kovalík A, Krasch B, Krause H, La Cascio L, Lasserre T, Le TL, Lebeda O, Lehnert B, Lokhov A, Machatschek M, Malcherek E, Mark M, Marsteller A, Martin EL, Melzer C, Mertens S, Mostafa J, Müller K, Neumann H, Niemes S, Oelpmann P, Parno DS, Poon AWP, Poyato JML, Priester F, Ráliš J, Ramachandran S, Robertson RGH, Rodejohann W, Rodenbeck C, Röllig M, Röttele C, Ryšavý M, Sack R, Saenz A, Salomon R, Schäfer P, Schimpf L, Schlösser M, Schlösser K, Schlüter L, Schneidewind S, Schrank M, Schwemmer A, Šefčík M, Sibille V, Siegmann D, Slezák M, Spanier F, Steidl M, Sturm M, Telle HH, Thorne LA, Thümmler T, Titov N, Tkachev I, Urban K, Valerius K, Vénos D, Vizcaya Hernández AP, Weinheimer C, Welte S, Wendel J, Wiesinger C, Wilkerson JF, Wolf J, Wüstling S, Wydra J, Xu W, Zadoroghny S, and Zeller G

Abstract

We report on the direct search for cosmic relic neutrinos using data acquired during the first two science campaigns of the KATRIN experiment in 2019. Beta-decay electrons from a high-purity molecular tritium gas source are analyzed by a high-resolution MAC-E filter around the end point at 18.57 keV. The analysis is sensitive to a local relic neutrino overdensity ratio of η<9.7×10^{10}/α (1.1×10^{11}/α) at a 90% (95%) confidence level with α=1 (0.5) for Majorana (Dirac) neutrinos. A fit of the integrated electron spectrum over a narrow interval around the end point accounting for relic neutrino captures in the tritium source reveals no significant overdensity. This work improves the results obtained by the previous neutrino mass experiments at Los Alamos and Troitsk. We furthermore update the projected final sensitivity of the KATRIN experiment to η<1×10^{10}/α at 90% confidence level, by relying on updated operational conditions.

Published
2022
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12. Bound on 3+1 Active-Sterile Neutrino Mixing from the First Four-Week Science Run of KATRIN.

Author

Aker M, Altenmüller K, Beglarian A, Behrens J, Berlev A, Besserer U, Bieringer B, Blaum K, Block F, Bornschein B, Bornschein L, Böttcher M, Brunst T, Caldwell TS, La Cascio L, Chilingaryan S, Choi W, Díaz Barrero D, Debowski K, Deffert M, Descher M, Doe PJ, Dragoun O, Drexlin G, Dyba S, Edzards F, Eitel K, Ellinger E, Engel R, Enomoto S, Fedkevych M, Felden A, Formaggio JA, Fränkle FM, Franklin GB, Friedel F, Fulst A, Gauda K, Gil W, Glück F, Grössle R, Gumbsheimer R, Höhn T, Hannen V, Haußmann N, Helbing K, Hickford S, Hiller R, Hillesheimer D, Hinz D, Houdy T, Huber A, Jansen A, Köllenberger L, Karl C, Kellerer J, Kippenbrock L, Klein M, Kopmann A, Korzeczek M, Kovalík A, Krasch B, Krause H, Lasserre T, Le TL, Lebeda O, Le Guennic N, Lehnert B, Lokhov A, Lopez Poyato JM, Müller K, Machatschek M, Malcherek E, Mark M, Marsteller A, Martin EL, Melzer C, Mertens S, Niemes S, Oelpmann P, Osipowicz A, Parno DS, Poon AWP, Priester F, Röllig M, Röttele C, Rest O, Robertson RGH, Rodenbeck C, Ryšavý M, Sack R, Saenz A, Schaller A, Schäfer P, Schimpf L, Schlösser M, Schlösser K, Schlüter L, Schrank M, Schulz B, Šefčík M, Seitz-Moskaliuk H, Sibille V, Siegmann D, Slezák M, Spanier F, Steidl M, Sturm M, Sun M, Telle HH, Thümmler T, Thorne LA, Titov N, Tkachev I, Trost N, Vénos D, Valerius K, Vizcaya Hernández AP, Wüstling S, Weber M, Weinheimer C, Weiss C, Welte S, Wendel J, Wilkerson JF, Wolf J, Xu W, Yen YR, Zadoroghny S, and Zeller G

Abstract

We report on the light sterile neutrino search from the first four-week science run of the KATRIN experiment in 2019. Beta-decay electrons from a high-purity gaseous molecular tritium source are analyzed by a high-resolution MAC-E filter down to 40 eV below the endpoint at 18.57 keV. We consider the framework with three active neutrinos and one sterile neutrino. The analysis is sensitive to the mass, m&#95;{4}, of the fourth mass state for m&#95;{4}^{2}≲1000  eV^{2} and to active-to-sterile neutrino mixing down to |U&#95;{e4}|^{2}≳2×10^{-2}. No significant spectral distortion is observed and exclusion bounds on the sterile mass and mixing are reported. These new limits supersede the Mainz results for m&#95;{4}^{2}≲1000  eV^{2} and improve the Troitsk bound for m&#95;{4}^{2}<30  eV^{2}. The reactor and gallium anomalies are constrained for 100<Δm&#95;{41}^{2}<1000  eV^{2}.

Published
2021
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13. Quantitative Long-Term Monitoring of the Circulating Gases in the KATRIN Experiment Using Raman Spectroscopy.

Author

Aker M, Altenmüller K, Beglarian A, Behrens J, Berlev A, Besserer U, Bieringer B, Blaum K, Block F, Bornschein B, Bornschein L, Böttcher M, Brunst T, Caldwell TC, Chilingaryan S, Choi W, Díaz Barrero DD, Debowski K, Deffert M, Descher M, Doe PJ, Dragoun O, Drexlin G, Dyba S, Edzards F, Eitel K, Ellinger E, Engel R, Enomoto S, Fedkevych M, Felden A, Formaggio JF, Fränkle F, Franklin GB, Friedel F, Fulst A, Gauda K, Gil W, Glück F, Größle R, Gumbsheimer R, Hannen V, Haußmann N, Helbing K, Hickford S, Hiller R, Hillesheimer D, Hinz D, Höhn T, Houdy T, Huber A, Jansen A, Karl C, Kellerer J, Kippenbrock L, Klein M, Köhler C, Köllenberger L, Kopmann A, Korzeczek M, Kovalík A, Krasch B, Krause H, La Cascio L, Lasserre T, Le TL, Lebeda O, Lehnert B, Lokhov A, Machatschek M, Malcherek E, Marsteller A, Martin EL, Meier M, Melzer C, Mertens S, Müller K, Niemes S, Oelpmann P, Osipowicz A, Parno DS, Poon AWP, Lopez Poyato JM, Priester F, Rest O, Röllig M, Röttele C, Robertson RGH, Rodenbeck C, Ryšavỳ M, Sack R, Saenz A, Schäfer P, Schaller Née Pollithy A, Schimpf L, Schlösser K, Schlösser M, Schlüter L, Schrank M, Schulz B, Sefčík M, Seitz-Moskaliuk H, Sibille V, Siegmann D, Slezák M, Spanier F, Steidl M, Sturm M, Sun M, Telle HH, Thorne LA, Thümmler T, Titov N, Tkachev I, Vénos D, Valerius K, Vizcaya Hernández AP, Weber M, Weinheimer C, Weiss C, Welte S, Wendel J, Wilkerson JF, Wolf J, Wüstling S, Xu W, Yen YR, Zadoroghny S, and Zeller G

Abstract

The Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment aims at measuring the effective electron neutrino mass with a sensitivity of 0.2 eV/c 2 , i.e., improving on previous measurements by an order of magnitude. Neutrino mass data taking with KATRIN commenced in early 2019, and after only a few weeks of data recording, analysis of these data showed the success of KATRIN, improving on the known neutrino mass limit by a factor of about two. This success very much could be ascribed to the fact that most of the system components met, or even surpassed, the required specifications during long-term operation. Here, we report on the performance of the laser Raman (LARA) monitoring system which provides continuous high-precision information on the gas composition injected into the experiment's windowless gaseous tritium source (WGTS), specifically on its isotopic purity of tritium-one of the key parameters required in the derivation of the electron neutrino mass. The concentrations c x for all six hydrogen isotopologues were monitored simultaneously, with a measurement precision for individual components of the order 10 -3 or better throughout the complete KATRIN data taking campaigns to date. From these, the tritium purity, ε T , is derived with precision of <10 - 3 and trueness of <3 × 10 -3 , being within and surpassing the actual requirements for KATRIN, respectively., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Published
2020
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14. Improved Upper Limit on the Neutrino Mass from a Direct Kinematic Method by KATRIN.

Author

Aker M, Altenmüller K, Arenz M, Babutzka M, Barrett J, Bauer S, Beck M, Beglarian A, Behrens J, Bergmann T, Besserer U, Blaum K, Block F, Bobien S, Bokeloh K, Bonn J, Bornschein B, Bornschein L, Bouquet H, Brunst T, Caldwell TS, La Cascio L, Chilingaryan S, Choi W, Corona TJ, Debowski K, Deffert M, Descher M, Doe PJ, Dragoun O, Drexlin G, Dunmore JA, Dyba S, Edzards F, Eisenblätter L, Eitel K, Ellinger E, Engel R, Enomoto S, Erhard M, Eversheim D, Fedkevych M, Felden A, Fischer S, Flatt B, Formaggio JA, Fränkle FM, Franklin GB, Frankrone H, Friedel F, Fuchs D, Fulst A, Furse D, Gauda K, Gemmeke H, Gil W, Glück F, Görhardt S, Groh S, Grohmann S, Grössle R, Gumbsheimer R, Ha Minh M, Hackenjos M, Hannen V, Harms F, Hartmann J, Haußmann N, Heizmann F, Helbing K, Hickford S, Hilk D, Hillen B, Hillesheimer D, Hinz D, Höhn T, Holzapfel B, Holzmann S, Houdy T, Howe MA, Huber A, James TM, Jansen A, Kaboth A, Karl C, Kazachenko O, Kellerer J, Kernert N, Kippenbrock L, Kleesiek M, Klein M, Köhler C, Köllenberger L, Kopmann A, Korzeczek M, Kosmider A, Kovalík A, Krasch B, Kraus M, Krause H, Kuckert L, Kuffner B, Kunka N, Lasserre T, Le TL, Lebeda O, Leber M, Lehnert B, Letnev J, Leven F, Lichter S, Lobashev VM, Lokhov A, Machatschek M, Malcherek E, Müller K, Mark M, Marsteller A, Martin EL, Melzer C, Menshikov A, Mertens S, Minter LI, Mirz S, Monreal B, Morales Guzmán PI, Müller K, Naumann U, Ndeke W, Neumann H, Niemes S, Noe M, Oblath NS, Ortjohann HW, Osipowicz A, Ostrick B, Otten E, Parno DS, Phillips DG, Plischke P, Pollithy A, Poon AWP, Pouryamout J, Prall M, Priester F, Röllig M, Röttele C, Ranitzsch PC, Rest O, Rinderspacher R, Robertson RGH, Rodenbeck C, Rohr P, Roll C, Rupp S, Ryšavý M, Sack R, Saenz A, Schäfer P, Schimpf L, Schlösser K, Schlösser M, Schlüter L, Schön H, Schönung K, Schrank M, Schulz B, Schwarz J, Seitz-Moskaliuk H, Seller W, Sibille V, Siegmann D, Skasyrskaya A, Slezák M, Špalek A, Spanier F, Steidl M, Steinbrink N, Sturm M, Suesser M, Sun M, Tcherniakhovski D, Telle HH, Thümmler T, Thorne LA, Titov N, Tkachev I, Trost N, Urban K, Vénos D, Valerius K, VanDevender BA, Vianden R, Vizcaya Hernández AP, Wall BL, Wüstling S, Weber M, Weinheimer C, Weiss C, Welte S, Wendel J, Wierman KJ, Wilkerson JF, Wolf J, Xu W, Yen YR, Zacher M, Zadorozhny S, Zbořil M, and Zeller G

Abstract

We report on the neutrino mass measurement result from the first four-week science run of the Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino experiment KATRIN in spring 2019. Beta-decay electrons from a high-purity gaseous molecular tritium source are energy analyzed by a high-resolution MAC-E filter. A fit of the integrated electron spectrum over a narrow interval around the kinematic end point at 18.57 keV gives an effective neutrino mass square value of (-1.0&#95;{-1.1}^{+0.9})  eV^{2}. From this, we derive an upper limit of 1.1 eV (90% confidence level) on the absolute mass scale of neutrinos. This value coincides with the KATRIN sensitivity. It improves upon previous mass limits from kinematic measurements by almost a factor of 2 and provides model-independent input to cosmological studies of structure formation.

Published
2019
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