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Interacting nature between impurity hydrogen atoms and vacancy-type defects in single crystal ZnO was investigated by means of positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy. In order to clarify the observation of their thermal behavior, the sample was implanted with 1H+ using an electrostatic accelerator. After the implantation, the positron lifetime became shorter, which suggests that the hydrogen atoms were captured by zinc vacancies (VZn) to form vacancy-hydrogen complexes (VZn + nH). The complexes decompose by heat treatment: most of the hydrogen atoms gradually dissociate from VZn + nH in the temperature range 393-773 K. It was also suggested that large vacancy clusters were formed by the agglomeration of smaller clusters during the process of stepwise isochronal annealings at temperatures from 773 to 1073 K, and their decomposition took place at 1173-1373 K. Temperature-dependent thermal behaviors of hydrogen atoms and vacancy-type defects in ZnO are discussed.

A β-NMR study of 12B implanted in diamond was performed in order to investigate the implantation sites and the defects. The maintained polarization of 12B was measured by use of widely modulated rf around the Larmor frequency (ν = νL ± 200 kHz) as a function of temperature from 160 K to 320 K. The observed polarization was found to be almost constant at about 0.9 % in this temperature range. The initial polarization for this system was obtained as about 8.1 %. Therefore about 10 % of the implanted 12B maintained its polarization in this frequency range. Conversely, about 90 % of the implanted 12B was undetected in the present experiment.

A new superthermal UCN production in He-II, which is placed in a spallation neutron source, is discussed. In the new UCN source, the production rate is expected to be 200 UCN/cm 3 /s at a proton beam power of 500 MeV×40 μA and the UCN maximum energy of E c = 210 neV. The γ heating in the He-II can be removed by means of 3 He pumping according to calculations. For an EDM measurement, UCN are extracted from a He-II bottle through an aluminum window by using a superconducting magnet. The possibility of a 129 Xe magnetometer for the EDM measurement is also discussed.

The tilted-foil method for producing spin-polarized radioactive isotope beams has been studied using the re-accelerated radioactive 8 Li and 123 In beams produced at Tokai Radioactive Ion Accelerator Complex (TRIAC) facility. We successfully produced polarization in a 8 Li beam of 7.3(5)% using thin polystyrene foils (4.2 μg/cm 2 ). The systematic study of the nuclear polarization as a function of the number of foils and beam energy has been performed, confirming the features of the tilted-foil technique experimentally. After the study, a spin-polarized radioactive 123 In beam, which is the heaviest ever polarized in its ground state by this method, has been successfully generated by the tilted-foil method, for the nuclear spectroscopy around the doubly magic nucleus 132 Sn.

Spin polarization of short-lived β-emitting nucleus 29P (Iπ = 1/2 + , T1/2 = 4.14 s) produced through the 28P(d, n) 29P reaction was studied as functions of the incident deuteron energy Ed and the recoil angle θ of 29P. New optimum condition was found at Ed = 3.3 MeV and θ = 30° where polarization of 29P is −(4.1 ± 0.7) %.

Polarized UCNs have been created by selecting only one spin state passing through a magnetized Fe foil. Typical degree of polarization was about 90 %. The polarization relaxation time in the prototype Ramsey cell was \(T_1 =1100^{+800}_{-400}\) s. Clear Ramsey resonance spectra have been observed for two precession time settings, tc = 100 ms and 30 s. The transverse relaxation time T2 was about 50 s.

We report our studies in various fields of Physics through nuclear moments utilizing the β-NMR technique, including material sciences, nuclear structures and fundamental symmetries. Especially, we focus on the recent progress in the studies on the electronic structure in Pt through Knight shifts of various impurities, lattice locations of impurities, electric field gradients, the analysis of nuclear spin in terms of its components, anomaly in the spin expectation value for 9C-9Li mirror pair, the G-parity conservation law, and the Ramsey resonance on UCN for future neutron EDM measurements.

A neutron EDM measurement with a comagnetometer is discussed. For magnetometry, polarized xenon atoms are injected into a cylindrical cell where a cylindrically symmetric magnetic field and an electric field are applied for the EDM measurement. The geometric phase effect (GPE), which originates from particle motion in a magnetic field gradient, is analyzed in terms of the Dyson series. The motion of the xenon atom is largely suppressed because of a small mean free path. The field gradient is controlled by means of NMR measurements, where the false effect of Earthʼs rotation is removed. As a result, the GPE is reduced below 10 − 28 e cm .

The degrees of polarization of proton rich nucleus 28P produced in charge exchange reactions 28Si + 9Be → 28P + X, and 28Si + 1H → 28P + X have been observed at 100A MeV. Utilizing thus obtained polarized nuclei, the magnetic moment of 28P was remeasured, and |μ(28P)| = 0.3115 (34) μN was obtained. β-nuclear quadrupole resonance (β-NQR) of 28P implanted in α-Al2O3 have been observed for the first time, in order to measure the electric quadrupole moment of this nucleus.

Electric quadrupole coupling constant eqQ/h of the extremely proton-rich 23Al (I π = 5/2 + , T 1/2 = 0.47 s) nucleus implanted into an Al2O3 single crystal has been measured for the first time, using the β-ray detecting nuclear quadrupole resonance method (β-NQR) in a high magnetic field. As a preliminary result, the quadrupole coupling constant was determined as |eqQ/h(23Al) | = 2.66±0.77 MHz. Using the quadrupole coupling constant of 27Al in Al2O3 as a reference, the Q moment of the ground state of 23Al was extracted as |Q(23Al)| ~ 160 mb, which is well explained by the shell model calculation in the sd-shell model space with the USD interaction.

We report recent situation of anomaly in spin expectation value found in 9 C- 9 Li mirror pair, recent analysis of the nuclear spin in terms of orbital or intrinsic and proton or neutron, and a result from the study of the G -parity conservation law through β -ray angular correlation in terms of its nuclear orientation.

The magnetic moment of short lived β-emitter 24mAl (426 keV, Iπ = 1 + , T1/2 = 131 ms) has been measured by means of β-NMR technique, for the first time. From the β-NMR spectrum, the magnetic moment was determined as \(\left| {\upmu}\left( ^{\rm 24m}{\rm Al} \right) \right|=\left( {2.99\pm 0.09} \right){\upmu}_{\rm N}\). Combined with the known magnetic moment of the mirror partner 24mNa, the expectation value of is obtained to be (0.08 ± 0.12). These values are reproduced well by the shell model calculation.

The spin-lattice relaxation times T1 for short-lived β emitters 25Al(I = 5/2, T1/2 = 7.2 s) and 28P(I = 3, T1/2 = 270 ms) in Pt were measured by means of the β-NMR technique. As a result, T1[25Al in Pt] = (1.1 \(^{+\ 0.7}_{-\ 0.3})\) s and T1[28P in Pt] >0.5 s were obtained at temperatures of 17 and 20 K, respectively. The Knight shifts were estimated from the Korringa relation, which were evaluated by comparing to the first principle calculations.

Hyperfine interactions of Na isotopes in single crystals have been studied using highly nuclear polarized 20,21,26,27,28Na beams provided by ISAC/TRIUMF. The degree of polarization kept in the crystals, the spin-lattice relaxation times, the electric quadrupole coupling constants and the initial distribution of the populations were measured. Such knowledge is indispensable for the application of the hyperfine interactions in the study of precision measurements such as the nuclear structure through nuclear moments and the fundamental symmetries.

The electric quadrupole coupling constants eqQ/h of 20Na (Iπ = 2+, T 1/2 = 449.7 ms), 21Na (Iπ = 3/2, T 1/2 = 22.49 s) and 25Na (Iπ = 5/2, T 1/2 = 59.6 s) in single crystal ZnO and TiO2 were precisely measured by applying the β-NMR technique. The ratio of the quadrupole moments between 20Na (25Na) and 21Na was determined to be 0.728 ± 0.023 (0.011 ± 0.002).

肥育牛における第四胃変位(DA)の発生状況と臨床所見を明らかにする目的で、宮城県内における平成11-15年度のDA発生状況と平成14-15年度に発生したDA牛の臨床所見を調査した。11年度から15年度にかけて左方変位(LDA)の頭数と頭数比は約2倍に増加したが、右方変位(RDA)は同様の値を示した。管内における大規模肥育牛群であるH牛群では、宮城県全体に比べて頭数比がLDAで6-8倍、RDAで2-3倍の高値で推移した。LDAの発生は18-23ヵ月齢で多い傾向がみられた。また県内の診療センターで診療した278頭では、初診日にはLDAとRDAのいずれも食欲低下、第一胃および第四胃運動低下、第四胃有響音が高率に認められた。整復手術はLDAで99頭(全体の41.6%)、RDAでは9頭(22.5%)で実施され、手術時にはLDAでRDAに比べて第一胃の容積減少と硬固感、第四胃のアトニーとガス貯留が高率に認められた。これらのことから、肥育牛におけるDAの病態は乳牛と異なる可能性があり、DAの発生にはビタミンA欠乏症による食欲低下や導入後疾病による慢性的なエネルギー不足が関与していることが示唆された。

The Knight shifts K and the spin-lattice relaxation time T 1 for the short-lived s-emitters 12B and 12N implanted into Pd have been measured by means of the s-NMR method. The results show that K depends on temperature. The obtained values of experimental K were compared with theoretical values derived with the KKR method.

T. Fujinaga1,2, K. Mori3, A. Bamba4 S. Kimura3, T. Dotani2,1,5, M. Ozaki2, K. Matsuta5,2, G. Puhlhofer6, H. Uchiyama7, J. S. Hiraga7, H. Matsumoto8 and Y. Terada9 1 Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan 2 Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan 3 University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen Kibanadai-Nishi, Miyazaki, 889-2192, Japan 4 Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan 5 Department of Space and Astronautical Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan 6 Institut fur Astronomie und Astrophysik, Universitat Tubingen, Sand 1, D 72076 Tubingen, Germany 7 The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan 8 Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan 9 Saitama University, Shimo-Okubo 255, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan

Quadrupole interactions of 12,14N in BN(hexagonal) crystal were studied by detecting β-NQR of 12N and FT-NMR of 14N, respectively. β-NMR of 16N(Iπ= 2-, T1/2 = 7.13 s) in MgO crystal was detected to determine the magnetic moment to be |μ(16N: 2 )| = (1.986±0.001) μN. Also, the β-NQR’s of 12,16N in TiO2 crystal were detected to be |Q(16N: 2-)| = (17.9± 1.7) mb. An abnormally small effective charge for neutrons is required to account for |Q(16N: 2-)|.

The spin lattice-relaxation rates of short-lived unstable nuclei Al 25 and P 28 in Pt has been measured by means of the β-NMR technique, in order to study the electronic structure of dilute impurities in Pt. From the obtained spin-lattice relaxation rates, Knight shifts K c were estimated to be K c [ Al in Pt ] = ( 0.45 ± 0.09 ) × 10 − 3 and K c [ P in Pt ] = ( 4 − 4 + 2 ) × 10 − 3 using the Korringa relation. These values were evaluated by comparing to the first principle calculations.

The quadrupole moments of the short-lived β -emitting nuclei 13 O ( I π = 3/2 − , T 1/2 = 8.6 ms), 19 O ( I π = 5/2 + , T 1/2 = 27 s) and 21 F ( I π = 5/2 + , T 1/2 = 4.3 s) were determined to be | Q ( 13 O)| = 11.0 ± 1.3 mb, | Q ( 19 O)| = 3.7 ± 0.4 mb and | Q ( 21 F)| = 110 ± 22 mb by detecting their β -NMR. The present results are compared with the theoretical values obtained by the Hartree Fock calculations taking their one nucleon-separation energies into account.

The electronic structure of nitrogen atoms as impurities in an ionic TiO2 crystal has been investigated by analyzing electric field gradients (EFGs) measured by use of short-lived β-emitting 12N implant-ed following nuclear reactions. Conventional β-NMR and its modification, suitable for the detection of quadrupole effects in the NMR spectra, were used for the investigation of hyperfine interactions of 12N located in substitutional sites of O atoms and interstitial sites in the crystal. In order to deduce absolute values of the EFGs from the obtained eqQ/h, the quadrupole moment of 12N has been determined from the NMR detection of 12N implanted in BN(hexagonal) crystal. Here the EFG at the N atom in BN was measured by detecting the FT-NMR of 14N in the crystal. The EFGs in TiO2 are compared with the theoretical predictions based on the ab initio band-structure calculation in the framework of the KKR method.

We studied the electric quadrupole interactions of Oxygen isotopes in a TiO2 single crystal. For 13O and 19O nuclei, quadrupole coupling constants were measured by the β-NMR technique, and for the 17O nucleus the FT-NMR technique was utilized. We synthesized a TiO2 single crystal which was enriched in 17O up to 5 atom % to observe NMR signals without any perturbations from impurities. Using the known quadrupole moment of 17O, EFGs at an O site in TiO2 and the quadrupole moments of 13O and 19O were determined.

We discuss a new neutron EDM measurement of 10−28 e cm. For the improved UCN density, we will apply a new spallation UCN source of superfluid He. For magnetometry, 129Xe nuclear spins are injected into a EDM cell, to supress GPE. Performance of the prototype KEK-RCNP UCN source, and the obtained Ramsey resonance spectra are presented.

For the production of high-density ultracold neutrons (UCNs), we placed 0.8 K superfluid helium in a cold neutron moderator. We resolved previous heat-load problems in the spallation neutron source that were particularly serious below 1 K. With a proton-beam power of $400\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{MeV}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1\text{ }\text{ }\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{A}$, a UCN production rate of $4\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{UCN}\text{ }{\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}3}\text{ }{\mathrm{s}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ at the maximum UCN energy of ${E}_{c}=210\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{neV}$ and a storage lifetime of 81 s were obtained. A cryogenic test showed that the production rate can be increased by a factor of 10 with the same storage lifetime by increasing the proton-beam power as well as $^{3}\mathrm{He}$ pumping speed.

The XIS (X-ray Imaging Spectrometer) on board Suzaku satellite provides two kinds of clocking modes, the Normal and the Parallel-Sum (P-sum) mode. In the P-sum mode, observer can obtain the highest time resolution 8/1024 (~8ms) with XIS. But, the spatial resolution in the Y-direction of the CCD is lost with P-sum mode. Because, in the P-sum mode, the pixel data from multiple rows are summed in the Y-direction on the CCD, and the sum is put in the Pixel RAM as a single row. We have analyzed observed data of E0102-72 which was observed with P-sum mode for calibration purpose have studied the performance of P-sum mode. For seven years after the lunch, we find the gain of both XIS0 and XIS3 p-sum mode data has gradually changed from 3.6eV/ch to 4.2eV/ch. And the energy resolution has also changed from 60eV to 140eV at the energy of NeIX.

We have newly developed the back-illuminated (BI)-CCD which has an Optical Blocking Layer (OBL) directly coating its X-ray illumination surface with Aluminum-Polyimide-Aluminum instead of Optical Blocking Filter (OBF). OBL is composed of a thin polyimide layer sandwiched by two Al layers. Al and Polyimide has a capability to cut visible light and EUV, respectively. To evaluate the performance of OBL that cut off EUV as well as transmit soft X-ray, we measured the EUV and Soft X-ray transmission of both OBL at various energy range between 15-2000 eV by utilizing beam line located at the Photon Factory in High Energy Accelerator Research Organization. We obtained the EUV transmission to be ~3% at 41eV which is as same as expected transmission from the designed thickness of polyimide layer, and found no significant change of the EUV transmission of polyimide found during 9month. We also obtained the Soft X-ray transmission of OBL, and found the X-ray transmission of OBL was consistent with the result expected from the thickness of OBL. We also measured the Optical transmission of OBL between 500-900 nm to evaluate the performance of Al that cut off optical light, and obtained the optical transmission to be less than 4×10−5.

We have developed the back-illuminated X-ray CCD camera (BI-CCD) to observe Xray in space. The X-ray CCD has a sensitivity not only for in X-ray but also in both Optical and UV light, X-ray CCD has to equip a filter to cut off optical light as well as UV light. The X-ray Imaging Spectrometer (XIS) onboard Suzaku satellite equipped with a thin film (OBF: Optical Blocking Filter) to cut off optical light and UV light. OBF is always in danger tearing by the acousmato or vibration during the launch, and it is difficult to handle on the ground because of its thickness. Instead of OBF, we have newly developed and produced OBL (Optical Blocking Layer), which is directly coating on the X-ray CCD surface.

The nuclear quadrupole interaction of the short-lived -emitter 12B implanted into CaB6 crystal has been studied by means of modified β-NMR (β-NQR) technique. The electric field gradient at the implanted 12B was found to be = q-(1.34±0.05)x1021 V/m2 at room temperature. From this result it is concluded that the 12B probe nuclei are mainly implanted in the substitutional boron site and are applicable to systematic NMR studies of ferromagnetic La doped CaB6

We present the development of the data acquisition system for the X-ray CCD camera (SXI: Soft X-ray Imager) onboard the ASTRO-H satellite. Two types of breadboard models (BBMs) of SXI electronics have been produced to verify the functions of each circuit board and to establish the data acquisition system from CCD to SpaceWire (SpW) I/F. Using BBM0, we verified the basic design of the CCD driver, function of the Δ∑-ADC, data acquisition of the frame image, and stability of the SpW communication. We could demonstrate the energy resolution of 164 eV (FWHM) at 5.9 keV. Using BBM1, we verified acquisition of the housekeeping information and the frame images.

Soft X-ray Imager (SXI) is a CCD camera onboard the ASTRO-H satellite which is scheduled to be launched in 2014. The SXI camera contains four CCD chips, each with an imaing aread of 31mmx31 mm, arrayed in mosaic, which cover the whole FOV area of 38'x38'. The SXI CCD of which model name is HPK Pch-NeXT4 is a P-channel type, back-illuminated, fully depleted device with a thickness of 200μm. We have developed an engineering model of the SXI camera body with coolers, and analog electronics for them. Combined with the bread board digital electronics, we succeeded in operation the whole the SXI system. The CCDs are cooled down to -120°C with this system, and X-rays from 55Fe sources are detected. Although optimization of the system is in progress, the energy resolution of typical 200 eV and best 156 eV (FWHM) at 5.9 keV are obtained. The readout noise is 10 e- to 15 e-, and to be improved its goal value of 5 e-. On-going function tests and environment tests reveal some issues to be solved until the producntion of the SXI flight model in 2012.

Although the galactose deficiency in the Asn297-linked sugar chains of serum IgG from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been established, structural analysis of sugar chains has not been readily available. Psathyrella velutina lectin (PVL) preferentially interacts with the N-acetylglucosamine beta 1-->2Man group, exposed at the termini of sugar chains in agalacto IgG. Biotinylated PVL reacted strongly in Western blotting with H chains of IgG derived from patients with RA. An ELISA-based assay for the detection of agalacto IgG was developed using recombinant protein G and biotinylated PVL in combination, and the screening of patients' sera was performed. PVL binding of serum IgG significantly correlated with percentage of galactose-deficient IgG determined by the structural analysis. Age-related slight increase in PVL binding was observed among normal controls. Patients with RA showed significantly higher PVL binding (37.90 +/- 42.25 U/ml, n = 93) as compared with normal controls (5.75 +/- 2.92 U/ml, n = 112) (p = 0.0001). Patients with SLE showed lower but still significant PVL binding (17.86 +/- 5.18 U/ml, n = 10, p = 0.0001). PVL binding correlated with C-reactive protein level in serial analysis of individual RA patients, and was significantly higher in the synovial fluid compared with paired serum samples. PVL binding assay may provide an ideal tool for the simple and sensitive detection of agalacto IgG.

Reaction cross sections for stable nuclei at intermediate energies have been measured precisely and systematically. The data have been found to be reproduced nicely by the optical‐limit approximation of Glauber theory modified to include the nucleon multiple scattering effect and the Fermi‐motion effect. Applying this prescription, the nucleon density distribution of 17Ne has been studied. The surface structure of 8B and 11Be has been also studied using this prescription and hydrogen targets. Using the RIBF that has just started application to studies of exotic nuclei, neutron‐rich Ne isotopes around the Island of Inversion have been investigated through measurements of their interaction cross sections.

The magnetic moment of 28P(Iπ = 3+, T1/2 = 270.3 ms) has been measured precisely by means of β‐NMR technique. The obtained magnetic moment is |μ(28P)| = 0.3115 (34) μN. Combined with the magnetic moment of its mirror partner 28Al, the nuclear spin I = 3 is decomposed into its 4 components. The measurement of the Q moment has also been tried. From the preliminary NQR spectrum, it was found that the quadrupole coupling constant eqQ/h may be slightly larger than the prediction, which may show enhancement of the Q moment.

We have searched for a time‐modulated decay in a standard electron capture experiment for 140Pr, in order to confirm a report from GSI, where an oscillatory decay has been observed for hydrogen‐like 140Pr and 142Pm ions in the cooler storage ring. 140Pr has been produced with the 140Ce(p, n) reaction by a pulsed proton beam accelerated from the Van de Graaff accelerator at Osaka University. Resultant time dependence of the Kα and Kβ X‐ray intensities from the daughter shows no oscillatory behavior.