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Now days the usage of cloud environment is rapidly increasing in all the fields to run applications in virtual machines instead of physical hardware based machine. This increases the service availability and also reduces the cost. The usage of openstack cloud environment is also increasing both in academics and industry as it provides open source cloud services to run the application both for research and for production environment. One of the challenges in cloud environment is that the detection and prediction of the anomalies before they occur. In the traditional approach, the anomalies are detected manually by keeping track of threshold level and heartbeat. The recent research is happening on using machine learning techniques in detecting the anomalies before they occur. In this paper, we propose a model for anomaly detection in openstack cloud environment. In the proposed model, we used Stacked and Bidirectional LSTM models to build the neural network. For the experiment the data is collected from openstack using collectd. The collected data sets 10 features and class label. Using LSTM neural network, we were able to detect the anomalies in openstack environment. The proposed model achieved the detection accuracy of 94.61% for training set and 93.98% for the test set using binary cross entropy function as a loss function.

Software defined Networking (SDN) is one of the developing networking technologies which is attracting extreme interest from both industry and research groups. SDN's application is mainly found in datacenters and research network environments. SDN is a technology which controls the whole network using software that adapts the behavior of the network to be compatible with various applications and environments. In this paper, our goal is to help researchers by providing an insight about the various mathematical tools and verification methods which can be used in the analysis of Software defined networking. These mathematical tools and verification methods help in formalizing the OpenFlow protocol. We assure researchers that by making use of these mathematical tools and verification methods the formal guarantees in the analysis of SDN will not be violated. We present performance prediction tools like Queuing theory and Network Calculus that assists network planners to study how the networks' performance gets affected by varying traffic loads and as the network utilization changes.

The monitoring of tool wear is a most difficult task in the case of various metal-cutting processes. Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) has been used to estimate or classify certain wear parameters, using continuous acquisition of signals from multi-sensor systems. Most of the research has been concentrated on the use of supervised neural network types like multi-layer perceptron (MLP), using back-propagation algorithm and Radial Basis Function (RBF) network. In this article, a new constructive learning algorithm proposed by Fritzke, namely Growing Cell Structures (GCS) has been used for tool wear estimation in face milling operations, thereby monitoring the condition of the tool. GCS generates compact network architecture in less training time and performs well on new untrained data. The performance of this network has been compared with that of another constructive learning algorithm-based neural network, namely the Resource Allocation Network (RAN). For the sake of establishing the effectiveness of GCS, ...

This article uses the cluster dependent weighted fuzzy C-means based radial basis function neural network for comparing the different dimensionality reduction techniques for the fault diagnosis in the rolling element bearing. The vibration signals from normal bearing, bearing with defect on the inner race, and bearing with defect on the outer race were acquired under one radial load and two shaft speeds. These signals were subjected to the wavelet transform based denoising from which several time and frequency domain features were extracted. Dimensionality reduction techniques, namely, principal component analysis, Fisher’s criterion, and separation index, have been used to select the sensitive features. The selected features were used to train and test the radial basis function neural network, where the centers of the radial basis function units have been optimized by the cluster dependent weighted fuzzy C-means and the widths of the radial basis function units have been fixed by trial and error. Finally, a comparison of the dimensionality reduction techniques based on the radial basis function neural network performance is presented.

We prepared thin films composed of pure TiO2 or TiO2 with an Fe additive (at concentrations of 0.2-0.8 wt%) via a simple and cost effective sol gel process, and tested their antifungal properties (against Candida albicans (MTCC-1637), Candida tropicalis (MTCC-184), Candida parapsilosis (MTCC-2509), and Candida glabrata (MTCC-3019) and antibacterial properties (against Staphylococcus faecalis (NCIM-2604) Staphylococcus epidermidis (NCIM-2493), Staphylococcus aureus (NCIL-2122), and Bacillus subtilis (NCIM-2549)). The films were deposited on glass and Si substrates and subjected to annealing at 400 degrees C for 3 h in ambient air. The film structural and morphological properties were investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy profilometry and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. Antifungal and antibacterial tests were conducted using the drop test method. Among the species examined, Candida albicans (MTCC-1637), and Staphylococcus aureus (NCIL-2122) showed complete colony formation inhibition after exposure for 4 h for the TiO2 loaded with 0.8 wt% Fe thin films. These results indicate that increasing the Fe concentration increased the antimicrobial activity, with complete inhibition of colony formation after 4 h exposure.

The bacteria Clostridium botulinum causing botulism. Botulism also known as botulinus intoxication is a rare but serious paralytic illness caused by botulinum toxin, which is produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum.CDP-diacylglycerol-serine O-phosphatidyltransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the CDP-diacylglycerol, L-serine and produce Cytidine monophosphate (CMP), (3-snphosphatidyl)-L-serine in Clostridium botulinum. CMP is a nucleotide that is helpful in RNA synthesis in Clostridium botulinum.The objective of enzyme inhibition needs structural characterization from its 3-D structure in rational structure based drug design. Homology modeling can produce high-quality structural models when the target and templates are closely related. MODELLER is the program used for homology modeling which provides accurate and efficient models to build loops and side chains found non-identical in sequence. It implements comparative protein structure modeling by satisfaction of spatial restraints. The stereo chemical quality of a best model is validated by PROCHECK server with 86.2% residues under favored region from Ramachandran plot. The CASTp is used for locating, delineating and measuring concave surface regions on three-dimensional structures of proteins. The residues are identified in burial cavity of the best model as Leu (131,141,156), Ala (132), Ile (138,142), Asn (145), Thr (149,153), and Gly (151) with hydrophobic nature. These include pocket located on protein surfaces and voids buried in the interior of proteins that are frequently associated with binding events. Thus present studies of modeling of CDP-diacylglycerol-serine O-phosphatidyltransferas enzyme has brought future prospective to fight against botulism disease and provide better health standaaards for community.

The present paper documents the petrography, mineral chemistry and petrochemistry of the acid volcanics of St.Mary group of islands. These are essentially characterized by pyroxene bearing rhyolites with average 73.49 wt.% SiO 2 . All the rhyolites from these islands are acmite normative, hence peralkaline with phenocrysts of zoned plagioclase and sometimes hypersthene/augite. There is depletion of LREE with moderate negative Eu anomaly. The enhancement of HFSE elements indicates their compatibility with continental crust. These rhyolites have high equilibrium temperature (915°C) at relatively lower oxygen fugacity (10 -16 ). The acidic lava flows are anorogenic, within plate rhyolites, generated during northern migration of Indian plate over Marion hotspot.

Runoff is one of the important hydrologic variables used in most of the water resources applications. The Soil Conservation Service-Curve Number (SCS-CN) method is adopted for the estimation of surface runoff in the Mehadrigedda watershed area, Visakhapatnam district, India using multispectral remote sensing data, curve number approach and normal rainfall data. The main source of water in the Mehadrigedda watershed area is by rain, most of it drains off and only a little percolates into ground. The weighted curve number is determined based on antecedent moisture condition (AMC)-II with an integration of hydrologic soil groups (HSGs) and land use/land cover LULC categories. An integrated approach is applied to delineate the land use/land cover information as adopted from NRSA classification. The recording of daily rainfall data during the years 1997–2006 is collected from Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) rainguage center at Kottavalasa. It is observed that the annual rainfall-runoff relationship during 1997–2006, which is indicating that the overall increase in runoff with the rainfall of the watershed area. Integration of remote sensing (RS) and geographical infomation system (GIS) techniques provide reliable, accurate and up-to-date information on land and water resources.

We develop, in this paper, a representation of time and events that supports a range of reasoning tasks such as monitoring and detection of event patterns which may facilitate the explanation of root cause(s) of faults. We shall compare two approaches to event definition: the active database approach in which events are defined in terms of the conditions for their detection at an instant, and the knowledge representation approach in which events are defined in terms of the conditions for their occurrence over an interval. We shall show the shortcomings of the former definition and employ a three-valued temporal first order nonmonotonic logic, extended with events, in order to integrate both definitions.

Experiments were conducted to study plant regeneration through direct somatic embryogenesis using mature zygotic embryo and cotyledonary explants from seeds of Melia volkensii stored for 12 months. Explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with BAP, NAA and 2,4-D (0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg l−1) alone, and BAP (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 mg l−1) in combination with 2,4-D or NAA (0.2 and 0.5 mg l−1). After 4 weeks in culture, up to 60% of cotyledonary explants from the seeds stored for 12 months produced somatic embryos. Mature zygotic embryos failed to produce any somatic embryos. Subcultures of somatic embryos from cotyledonary explants of seeds stored for

In this work, the biocompatibility and antibacterial activities of novel SnO2 nanowire coatings prepared by electron-beam (E-Beam) evaporation process at low temperatures were studied. The nanowire coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. The results of in vitro cytotoxicity and cell proliferation assays suggested that the SnO2 nanowire coatings were nontoxic and promoted the proliferation of C2C12 and L929 cells (90% viability). Cellular activities, cell adhesion, and lactate dehydrogenase activities were consistent with the superior biocompatibility of the nanowire materials. Notably, the nanowire coating showed potent antibacterial activity against six different bacterial strains. The antibacterial activity of the SnO2 material was attributed to the photocatalytic nature of SnO2. The antibacterial activity and biocompatibility of the newly developed SnO2 nanowire coatings may enable their use as coating materials for biomedical implants.

Symmetric Top Molecules: Practice and Percepts

Study of Radiation Damage and Protection of Some Vitamins in Aqueous Media

Saturation and Wet Bulb Temperatures

Proof pdf available on ResearchGate (2nd May 2015 uploaded by David Mba) One of the earliest documented applications of Acoustic Emission Technology (AET) to rotating machinery monitoring was in the late 1960s. Since then there has been an explosion in research and application based studies covering bearings, pumps, gearboxes, engines and rotating structures. This paper presents a comprehensive and critical review to date on the application of Acoustic Emission Technology to condition monitoring and diagnostics of rotating machinery.

A 5 month old south Asian male presented to his general practitioner (GP) with a history of recurrent wheeze and noisy breathing of 2 months duration. He had been born at term and his growth and development were normal. There were no significant medical problems in the family, apart from his grandmother's hypothyroidism. He was diagnosed by his GP to have viral wheeze and was started on inhaled salbutamol via a metered dose inhaler plus spacer with no apparent benefit. At this stage, a chest radiograph did not show any abnormality. At 6 months old, the patient was admitted to the local hospital with a history of cough, respiratory distress and stridor, which improved after receiving oral dexamethasone for 2 days. At 7 months old, he presented at the current authors' hospital with a 2‐day history of cough, wheeze and breathlessness. On examination, the patient was afebrile with moderate respiratory distress and had widespread crepitations and rhonchi. Otherwise, clinical examination was normal. A clinical diagnosis of acute bronchiolitis was made. He needed supplemental oxygen to maintain normal oxygen saturations and was also given a trial of nebulised salbutamol with no apparent benefit. He was noted to have intermittent noisy breathing, although no obvious upper airway obstructive pathology could be identified. He was making a very slow, but gradual, recovery; however, on day 8, there was clinical deterioration with worsening cough, breathlessness, and noisy breathing. He was found to be tachypnoeic with subcostal and intercostal recession, but his chest was clinically clear on auscultation. The chest radiograph (fig. 1⇓) showed significant radiological changes compared to the chest radiograph taken at 5 months old. Fig. 1.— Chest radiograph of the patient. The patient was extensively investigated. Table 1⇓ shows a summary of the investigations performed. View this table: Table 1— Summary of investigations Biopsies were …

In a country like India where nearly 2/3rd of the population depends on agriculture for their livelihood and agriculture is prone to the vagaries of nature, crop insurance has to play the role of a vital institution. Crop insurance itself cannot increase productivity or be a source of financing, but it can play a role in enhancing both. The Comprehensive Crop Insurance Scheme (CCIS) introduced during the VIIth Five-year plan period, despite its shortcomings, farmers received nearly 6 times the premium as claims, but the coverage could not go beyond 5% of the total farming community. The National Agricultural Insurance Scheme (NAIS), which replaced CCIS w.e.f. 1999–00, is an improved version. All successful crop insurance programs worldwide are actively supported and financed by governments and the case is no different for India, as the social benefits outweigh the social costs. The government has two immediate tasks. One, to streamline the financing of crop insurance through single point subsidy and allow the program to run professionally. And second, to improve the scheme substantially through such measures as covering post harvest losses, package policies, reduction of size of insurance unit, streamlining agricultural relief, setting up an exclusive organisation for implementation.

SUMMARY After the reproducibility of measurement of hip joint motion by different techniques was ascertained, the ranges of motion of hips of 325 normal schoolchildren ages 5 to 14 years were measured with a fluid level goniometer. All movements of the hip decreased in a nonlinear fashion with increasing age. The regression line with the closest fit to the mean values of each hip movement was that obtained by applying the sixth-order equation. A grid was designed to record the ranges of movement of the hip. The ranges of movement of 93 children with pathology in one or both hips were measured by the same technique and marked on the grid. Characteristic abnormal grid patterns were noted for each condition. Careful documentation of alterations in hip joint movement in children with symptoms related to the hip can be of value in establishing the diagnosis of the underlying pathology.

Patent medicines were widely used during the late 1800s and early 1900s. Bitters were one important subtype of patent medicines that were typically made from extracts of bitter tasting herbs. Lash’s Bitters was a popular patent medicine that was advertised as an extract of the bark of the buckthorn tree, Rhamnus purshiana, and was sold as a laxative. Analysis of the contents of an undisturbed bottle of Lash's Bitters, ca. 1918, revealed an ethanol content of 19.2% by volume as well as trace amounts of methanol. Potentially toxic concentrations of lead, 295 mg/dl, were also found. Interestingly, the medicine contained none of the active ingredient found in Rhamnus purshiana.

Ongoing work in Andhra Pradesh Primary Education Project (APPEP) (Southern India) has resulted in the production of a new Class 1 textbook, teacher textbook and eight supplementary readers. These important and innovative new classroom materials have been produced as a result of training and workshops involving resource persons from the Telugu Academy, Telugu University, State Centre for Educational Research and Training and lecturers in District Institutes of Education and Training. Additionally, for the first time, primary school teachers were co‐opted on an equal basis to work on the materials. The textbook, which constitutes the only learning material in Class One, is designed to teach children to read and write in Telugu. Previous research showed that children at the end of Class 2 were mostly unable to identify letters or words out of the context and order in which they appeared in the textbook. The current state textbook was basically a writing primer, teaching writing in alphabetic order w...

— Two stones that fell near Piplia Kalan on 1996 June 20 are identified as Ca-rich achondrites belonging to the eucrite group. The conditions of their fall are described. The petrographic description, texture and chemical composition, the elemental ratios, particularly K/La and Yb/Sc, and relatively flat rare-earth-element (REE) patterns (6–8× chondrite) of bulk samples without any significant Eu anomaly all agree with the characteristic values found in eucrites. A feldspar-rich fraction shows a significant positive Eu anomaly. The presence of several different lithologies and clasts indicates that it is a texturally diverse breccia, and the chemical analysis suggests that it belongs to the noncumulate group of eucrites falling in the Nuevo Laredo trend.

Condition monitoring is of vital importance in order to assess the state of tool wear in unattended manufacturing. Various methods have been attempted, and it is considered that fuzzy clustering techniques may provide a realistic solution to the classification of tool wear states. Unlike fuzzy clustering methods used previously, which postulate cutting condition parameters as constants and define clustering centres subjectively, this paper presents a fuzzy clustering method based on filtered features for the monitoring of tool wear under different cutting conditions. The method uses partial factorial experimental design and regression analysis for the determination of coefficients of a filter, then calculates clustering centres for filtering the effect of various cutting conditions, and finally uses a developed mathematical model of membership functions for fuzzy classification. The validity and reliability of the method are experimentally illustrated using a CNC machining centre for milling.

In this paper, we have carried out thin film characterization of poly(3,4-propylenedioxythiophene)-sultone (PProDOT-S), a derivative of electrochromic poly(3,4-propylenedioxythiophene) (PProDOT). PProDOT-S was deposited onto transparent conducting oxide coated glass substrates by solution casting method. Single wavelength spectrophotometry is used to monitor the switching speed and contrast ratio at maximum wavelength (lambda (max)). The percentage transmittance at the lambda (max) of the neutral polymer is monitored as a function of time when the polymer film is repeatedly switched. This experiment gives a quantitative measure of the speed with which a film is able to switch between the two states i.e. the coloured and the bleached states. PProDOT-S films were switched at a voltage of 1 center dot 9 V with a switching speed of 2 s at lambda (max) of 565 nm and showed a contrast of similar to 37%. Cyclic voltammetry performed at different scan rates have shown the characteristic anodic and cathodic peaks. The structural investigations of PProDOT-S films by IR spectra were in good agreement with previously reported results. Raman spectra of PProDOT-S showed a strong Raman peak at 1509 cm (-aEuro parts per thousand 1) and a weak peak at 1410 cm (-aEuro parts per thousand 1) due to the C = C asymmetric and symmetric stretching vibrations of thiophene rings. The morphological investigations carried out by using scanning electron microscope (SEM) of polymer films have shown that these polymers are found to be arranged in dense packed clusters with non-uniform distribution having an average width and length of 95 nm and 160 nm, respectively.

The wavelet based denoising has proven its ability to denoise the bearing vibration signals by improving the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and reducing the root-mean-square error (RMSE). In this paper seven wavelet based denoising schemes have been evaluated based on the performance of the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and the Support Vector Machine (SVM), for the bearing condition classification. The work consists of two parts, the first part in which a synthetic signal simulating the defective bearing vibration signal with Gaussian noise was subjected to these denoising schemes. The best scheme based on the SNR and the RMSE was identified. In the second part, the vibration signals collected from a customized Rolling Element Bearing (REB) test rig for four bearing conditions were subjected to these denoising schemes. Several time and frequency domain features were extracted from the denoised signals, out of which a few sensitive features were selected using the Fisher’s Criterion (FC). Extracted features were used to train and test the ANN and the SVM. The best denoising scheme identified, based on the classification performances of the ANN and the SVM, was found to be the same as the one obtained using the synthetic signal.

A theoretical analysis has been carried out to study the capacitive effect and life estimation of hydrodynamic journal bearings on repeated starts and stops of a machine operating under the influence of shaft voltages. The analysis gives the time required for the charge accumulation and increase of charge with time on the liner surface of a journal bearing based on bearing capacitance, resistance of film thickness, and the shaft voltage. Also, it investigates the effect of gradual leakage of the accumulated charges with time as the shaft voltage falls when the power supply to the machine is switched off. This paper gives an approach to determine the ratio of the number of shaft revolutions required for charge accumulation and gradual discharge of the accumulated charges on the liner surface of a bearing depending on bearing-to-shaft voltage. Also, the number of repeated starts and stops before initiation of craters on the liner surface of a hydrodynamic journal bearing is established to restrict deteriora...

Infection is one of the common clinical problems that cause high rates of death in various surgical operations. Coating the surgical instruments or implants with antibacterial properties is a useful method to reduce such infections during the operation period. The high incidence of infections caused by the use of implanted biomedical devices and environment in the hospital has a severe impact on the health of patients. However no comprehensive studies have been reported on active species of fungal and bacteria. In this present investigation, we have systematically studied the antifungal (against Candida albicans (MTCC-1637), Candida tropicalis (MTCC-184), Candida parapsilosis (MTCC-2509), Candida glabrata (MTCC 3019) and antibacterial properties of 4 species namely (against Staphylococcus faecalis (NCIM-2604). Staphylococcus epidermidis (NCIM-2493), Staphylococcus aureus (NCIL-2122), Bacillus subtilis ( NCIM-2549) each using pure TiO2 and TiO2 with Ag as additive by using the simple and cost effective sol-gel process. The films have been deposited on glass and Si substrates and their structural, morphological properties have been investigated by employing standard spectroscopic techniques such as XRay Diffraction and Scanning Electron Microscopy, X-Ray Photoelectron spectroscopy, respectively. The test for antifungal and antibacterial has been carried out by using drop test method. It is evident from the results that with increasing Ag concentration the antimicrobial activity increases.

A short 6-item version of General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-6) was evaluated for its validity of a sample of STD patients in the hands of a non-psychiatrist untrained in psychiatry in comparison to independent and detail psychiatric assessment. The GHQ-6 was found to have a moderate sensitivity of 55%, but high specificity rate of 87%.

SUMMARY Eighteen percent of Major Depressive cases attending a general hospital had delusions. There were 10 types of delusions and delusions of persecution occurred most frequently (67.5%), with persecution involving either the patients themselves or people close to them occurring in 50% each. The majority of patients considered the persecution to be unjustified and reacted by taking precautions, pleading for help and protection. Delusions of reference were the next in frequency. Hypochondriacal, guilt and nihilistic delusions which are considered classical in depression were relatively uncommon. The delusions had a temporal relationship with depression, were unstable and rapidly responded to treatment.

Pressure shifts and collisional narrowing effects of the molecular hydrogen (H 2 ) 4-0 and 5-0 vibration rotation bands have been studied in greater detail than before. A high-resolution ring dye laser has been coupled to a multi-pass absorption cell with a base length of 22 m at Denison University in Granville, Ohio. Signal averaging periods of several hours, with an absorbing layer of 24 km-atm, were required to obtain acceptable measurements. A zero-density position and shift coefficient of 15 535.7441 ± 0.0036 cm −1 and −6.29 ± 1.29 × l0 −3 cm −1 /Amagat, respectively, have been determined for the 4-0 S (0) line. For the 4-0 S (1) line the corresponding values are 15 699.8011 ± 0.0010 cm −1 and −4.22 ± 0.36 × 10 −3 cm −1 /Amagat. The 5-0 S (1) line has been observed in the laboratory for the first time; its position has been located at 18 907.5160 ± 0.0200 cm −1 . Linestrengths were also determined in this study and the results are 2.31 ± 0.55 × l0 −5 cm −1 /(km Amagat) for the 4-0 S (0) line, 1.37 ± 0.17 × l0 −4 for the 4-0 S (1)line, and 1.76 ± 0.99 × 10 −5 for the 5-0 S (1) line. Collisional narrowing was clearly evident for the 4-0 S (0) and 4-0 S (1) lines.

The steady state creep behaviour of rapidly solidified and further processed Al-5 wt% Ti alloy has been studied in the temperature range 573–673 K. The experiememtald ata exhibited apparent stress exponents of 7–8 and an apparent activation energy of 240 kJ mol−1. The results are analyzed using the semi-empirical power law, the substructure invariant model and an exponential law. The semi-empirical power law with a threshold stress and a stress exponent of 5 is found to be the best representation for steady state creep of such alloys. By analyzing literature data on the metallic/ intermetallic dispersion strengthened aluminium alloys, a modification in the dimensionless constant, A = 8.3 × 103 exp[−104√(b/L)], is suggested to account for the influence of dispersion on creep kinetics. It is proposed that the attractive dislocation-particle interaction originates from the dissociation of lattice dislocations into interfacial dislocations when they enter the matrix-particle interface at high temperatures for climb by-pass.