Search

Aim: to study opportunity of research the evacuation function of the stomach in young people by magnetic resonance imaging with a stress drinking test. Materials and methods: the study group included 20 young people (10 men and 10 women aged 23 ± 1,12 years). At the time of the study, each test person excluded organic and functional pathologies of the gastroduodenal zone. A method of magnetic resonance imaging of the stomach with a stress drinking test (still drinking water at room temperature with a volume of 1000.0 ml) was used. The examination lasted 30 minutes, scanning was carried out every 5 minutes, a total of 7 scans. Based on the obtained three-dimensional images of the DICOM format using the HorosMobile™ application (DICOM medical image viewer), the volumes of fluid in the stomach in dynamics were calculated for each test person in the study group according to the time intervals of the scans performed by the magnetic resonance imaging machine. Systematization and data processing were carried out a Microsoft Excel. A single graph was built for the study group in the Pages graphical editor (iWork productivity suite) based on the obtained data, reflecting the reference volumes of gastric contents relative to the time scale with possible deviations from the average. Results: regardless of the type of physique and shape of the stomach in the studied subjects, the evacuation of a larger volume of fluid (81,53-82,54%) occurred by the 15th minute of the study. Complete evacuation of gastric contents occurs between 25 and 30 minutes of the study. Conclusions: the results obtained by MRI studies of the stomach with a stress drinking test give an idea of the options for normal physiological evacuation of gastric contents in young people, in the absence of organic and functional pathology of the gastroduodenal zone.

Purpose of the study: to clarify the effect of the concentration of motilin in the blood on the clinical symptoms of functional dyspepsia. Materials and methods. A prospective examination of 90 people aged 22,3±0,17 years was carried out, divided into 3 groups: patients with postprandial distress syndrome (PDS), patients with epigastric pain syndrome (EPS), practically healthy. All subjects were questioned according to the GSRS questionnaire, and the concentration of motilin in their blood was determined before and after the drinking test. Statistical processing included the calculation of mean values, their errors, Student’s t-test, Pearson’s correlation test, factor analysis. Results. In patients with PDS, the intensity of abdominal pain (2,47±0,38 points) does not differ from healthy ones (2,19±0,22 points), in patients with EPS it is higher (4,33±0,51 points). Dyspeptic syndrome is more typical for patients with PDS (2,07±0,12 points) than for EPS (1,10±0,04 points). The concentration of motilin in the blood on an empty stomach with PDS (9605,47±167,64 pg/ml) is higher than with EPS (8780,67±232,27 pg/ml). After the drinking test, the level of motilin in the blood of patients with EPS increased to 9367,33±145,78 pg/ml, the PDS decreased to 9323,33±239,04 pg/ml. With PDS, the severity of reflux syndrome directly correlates with the concentration of motilin in the blood. In EPS, the initial level of motilin correlates inversely with the severity of reflux syndrome, constipation syndrome, and the volume of water drunk. After the drinking test, there is an inverse correlation between the level of motilin and the severity of diarrheal and dyspeptic syndromes, and a direct correlation with the intensity of abdominal pain. The initial level of motilin in the blood brings the greatest factor load into the “factor of motor disorders”. Conclusion. The initial level of motilin and its dynamics during water load play an essential role in the formation of the clinical picture of functional dyspepsia.

Introduction. The high prevalence of functional dyspepsia in the population requires detailing the mechanisms of its development with the definition of the role of hormones of the gastrointestinal tract in the development of clinical symptoms.Purpose of the study: to clarify the pathogenetic role of cholecystokinin in functional dyspepsia.Materials and methods. A prospective examination of 90 people aged 22.3 ± 0.17 years, divided into 3 groups, was carried out: patients with postprandial distress syndrome (PDS), patients with epigastric pain syndrome (EPS), practically healthy. The participants of the study were questioned according to the GSRS questionnaire, their anthropometric data, the concentration of cholecystokinin in the blood before and after the drinking test were determined. Statistical processing included calculation of means, their errors, Mann-Whitney U-test for independent samples and Wilcoxon W-test for related samples, Spearman’s rank correlation test.Results. Patients with EPS are characterized by a statistically significantly greater severity of abdominal pain syndrome (4.33 ± 0.51 points) than those suffering from PDS (2.47 ± 0.38 points) and healthy people (2.19 ± 0.22 points). Dyspeptic syndrome is more typical for patients with PDS (2.07 ± 0.12 points) than those with EPS (1.10 ± 0.04 points). Patients with PDS are characterized by higher values of height, hip volume, lean mass, waist to hip ratio than patients with EPS. The concentration of cholecystokinin in the blood on an empty stomach in patients with EPS (213.37 ± 14.35 pg/ml) is statistically significantly higher than in those examined with PDS (129.45 ± 10.44 pg/ml) and healthy people (146.99 ± 5.17 pg/ml). The level of cholecystokinin in the blood after water exercise in patients with PDS increased statistically significantly to 176.14 ± 8.16 pg/ml, with EPS – decreased to 187.98 ± 7.26 pg/ml. Correlations between the magnitude of cholecystokininemia and the main anthropometric data in EPS and PDS are multidirectional.Conclusion. Cholecystokinin plays an important role in the pathogenesis of gastroduodenal motility disorders in patients with functional dyspepsia.

Functional dyspepsia is the actual problem of modern gastroenterology, its manifestations contribute to the lifting of lifestyle and nutrition. However, a comprehensive assessment of the effect of violations of food behavior, the distribution of adipose tissue and the level of gosters regulating appetite on the severity of gastroenterological symptoms in individuals with various types of functional dyspepsia hasn't been carried out yet.

According to the analyzed literature, the use of botulinum toxin type A is promising as an auxiliary method for simultaneous or delayed breast reconstruction using a subpectoral silicone implant or tissue expander. This method is safe and simple. Relaxation of the large pectoral muscle both intraoperatively and in the postoperative period reduces the intensity of pain, accelerates the rehabilitation of patients. Botulinum toxin therapy prevents the animation and deformation of the reconstructed breast. The effect after injection of botulinum toxin persists for 6-8 months and for a long time there is no need for analgesic therapy. According to the literature, this technique for reconstructive plastic surgery in patients with breast cancer significantly improves the quality of life of patients by reducing pain, preventing deformation and contraction of the large pectoral muscle. Conclusion. The literature analysis evaluates the effectiveness of botulinum toxin preparations for pain after reconstructive plastic surgery on the breast using a subpectoral space. The possibilities of therapeutic use of botulinum toxin preparations as an analgesic are known, but are little used in practice. This direction is promising. Given the small number of literary publications on this subject, it is necessary to conduct further research in this direction.