267 results on '"K. Vainio"'
Search Results
2. Cessation of anti-VLA-4 therapy in a focal rat model of multiple sclerosis causes an increase in neuroinflammation
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S. K. Vainio, A. M. Dickens, J. Tuisku, O. Eskola, O. Solin, E. Löyttyniemi, D. C. Anthony, J. O. Rinne, L. Airas, and M. Haaparanta-Solin
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Multiple sclerosis ,Anti-VLA-4 ,EAE ,Positron emission tomography ,TSPO ,[18F]GE-180 ,Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ,R895-920 - Abstract
Abstract Background Positron emission tomography (PET) can be used for in vivo evaluation of the pathology associated with multiple sclerosis. We investigated the use of longitudinal PET imaging and the 18-kDa translocator protein (TSPO) binding radioligand [18F]GE-180 to detect changes in a chronic multiple sclerosis-like focal delayed-type hypersensitivity experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (fDTH-EAE) rat model during and after anti-VLA-4 monoclonal antibody (mAb) treatment. Thirty days after lesion activation, fDTH-EAE rats were treated with the anti-VLA-4 mAb (n = 4) or a control mAb (n = 4; 5 mg/kg, every third day, subcutaneously) for 31 days. Animals were imaged with [18F]GE-180 on days 30, 44, 65, 86 and 142. Another group of animals (n = 4) was used for visualisation the microglia with Iba-1 at day 44 after a 2-week treatment period. Results After a 2-week treatment period on day 44, there was a declining trend (p = 0.067) in [18F]GE-180-binding in the anti-VLA-4 mAb-treated animals versus controls. However, cessation of treatment for 4 days after a 31-day treatment period increased [18F]GE-180 binding in animals treated with anti-VLA-4 mAb compared to the control group (p = 0.0003). There was no difference between the groups in TSPO binding by day 142. Conclusions These results demonstrated that cessation of anti-VLA-4 mAb treatment for 4 days caused a transient rebound increase in neuroinflammation. This highlights the usefulness of serial TSPO imaging in the fDTH-EAE model to better understand the rebound phenomenon.
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- 2019
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3. The systematics of Echinorhynchus Zoega in Müller, 1776 (Acanthocephala, Echinorhynchidae) elucidated by nuclear and mitochondrial sequence data from eight European taxa
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Matthew T. Wayland, Jouni K. Vainio, David I. Gibson, Elisabeth A. Herniou, D. Timothy J. Littlewood, and Risto Väinölä
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Zoology ,QL1-991 - Abstract
The acanthocephalan genus Echinorhynchus Zoega in Müller, 1776 (sensu Yamaguti 1963) is a large and widespread group of parasites of teleost fish and malacostracan crustaceans, distributed from the Arctic to the Antarctic in habitats ranging from freshwaters to the deep-sea. A total of 52 species are currently recognised based on the conventional morphological species concept; however, the true diversity in the genus is masked by cryptic speciation. The considerable diversity within Echinorhynchus is an argument for subdividing the genus if monophyletic groups with supporting morphological characters can be identified. With this objective in mind, partial sequences of two genes with different rates of evolution and patterns of inheritance (nuclear 28S rRNA and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I) were used to infer the phylogenetic relationships among eight taxa of Echinorhynchus. These included representatives of each of three genus group taxa proposed in a controversial revision of the genus based on cement gland pattern, namely Echinorhynchus (sensu stricto), Metechinorhynchus Petrochenko, 1956 and Pseudoechinorhynchus Petrochenko, 1956. These groupings have previously been rejected by some authorities, because the diagnostic character is poorly defined; this study shows that Echinorhynchus (sensu stricto) and Metechinorhynchus are not natural, monophyletic groups. A revision of Echinorhynchus will require tandem molecular phylogenetic and morphological analyses of a larger sample of taxa, but this study has identified two morhological characters that might potentially be used to define new genera. The estimated phylogeny also provides insight into the zoogeographical history of Echinorhynchus spp. We postulate that the ancestral Echinorhynchus had a freshwater origin and the genus subsequently invaded the sea, probably several times. The freshwater taxa of the E. bothniensis Zdzitowiecki & Valtonen, 1987 clade may represent a reinvasion of freshwater by one or more ancestral marine species.
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- 2015
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4. Trophic Dynamics of Mercury in the Baltic Archipelago Sea Food Web: The Impact of Ecological and Ecophysiological Traits
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Riikka K. Vainio, Veijo Jormalainen, Rune Dietz, Toni Laaksonen, Ralf Schulz, Christian Sonne, Jens Søndergaard, Jochen P. Zubrod, and Igor Eulaers
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Birds ,Food Chain ,Fishes ,Environmental Chemistry ,Animals ,General Chemistry ,Mercury ,Water Pollutants, Chemical ,Environmental Monitoring - Abstract
We investigated trophic dynamics of Hg in the polluted Baltic Archipelago Sea using established trophic magnification (TMFs) and biomagnification factors (BMFs) on a comprehensive set of bird, fish, and invertebrate species. As different ecological and ecophysiological species traits may affect trophic dynamics, we explored the effect of food chain (benthic, pelagic, benthopelagic) and thermoregulatory strategy on trophic total Hg (THg) dynamics, using different approaches to accommodate benthopelagic species and normalize for trophic position (TP). We observed TMFs and most BMFs greater than 1, indicating overall THg biomagnification. We found significantly higher pelagic TMFs (3.58-4.02) compared to benthic ones (2.11-2.34) when the homeotherm bird species were excluded from models, but not when included. This difference between the benthic and pelagic TMFs remained regardless of how the TP of benthopelagic species was modeled, or whether TMFs were normalized for TP or not. TP-corrected BMFs showed a larger range (0.44-508) compared to BMFs representing predator-prey concentration ratios (0.05-82.2). Overall, the present study shows the importance of including and evaluating the effect of ecological and ecophysiological traits when investigating trophic contaminant dynamics.
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- 2022
5. Trophic Dynamics of Mercury in the Baltic Archipelago Sea Food Web:The Impact of Ecological and Ecophysical Traits
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K. Vainio, Riikka, Jormalainen, Veijo, Dietz, Rune, Laaksonen, Toni, Schulz, Ralf, Sonne, Christian, Søndergaard, Jens, Zubrod, Jochen P., and Eulaers, Igor
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- 2022
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6. Interfiber bonding and fiber segment activation in paper
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Hannu Paulapuro and Anna K. Vainio
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Bonding ,Activation ,Paper strength properties ,Fines ,Beating ,Drying ,Drying stress ,Biotechnology ,TP248.13-248.65 - Abstract
Bonding and activation in paper were studied with the help of laboratory test sheets and common paper strength tests. Different papermaking furnishes and raw material treatments were used to examine the effects they have on bonding and activation. Furthermore, various boundary conditions during drying were included to single out the influence of bonding and activation on paper properties. It was found that bonding is clearly increased by beating of kraft pulp, starch addition, and thermomechanical pulp fines, whereas activation benefited most from beating and addition of reinforcement fibers to mechanical pulp based furnishes. Subjecting test sheets to increasing amounts of drying stress affected activation positively, and bonding negatively. The increase in activation did not seem to be dependent on the beating degree of chemical pulp fibers. Bonding, on the other hand, deteriorated more significantly in sheets made of extensively beaten kraft fibers, i.e. in sheets where the initial bonding potential was higher. Commonly used paper strength measurements provide dependable and accurate tools for assessing the effect of different variables on both bonding and activation. A short literature survey of bonding and activation is also provided.
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- 2007
7. Dimethyl fumarate decreases short-term but not long-term inflammation in a focal EAE model of neuroinflammation
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S. K. Vainio, A. M. Dickens, M. Matilainen, F. R. López-Picón, R. Aarnio, O. Eskola, O. Solin, D. C. Anthony, J. O. Rinne, L. Airas, and M. Haaparanta-Solin
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Multiple sclerosis ,BG-12 ,Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ,[18F]GE-180 ,fDTH-EAE ,R895-920 ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Dimethyl fumarate - Abstract
Background Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is an oral immunomodulatory drug used in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Here, we sought to study whether the effect of DMF can be detected using positron emission tomography (PET) targeting the 18-kDa translocator protein (TSPO) in the focal delayed-type hypersensitivity rat model of multiple sclerosis (fDTH-EAE). The rats were treated orally twice daily from lesion activation (day 0) with either vehicle (tap water with 0.08% Methocel, 200 µL; control group n = 4 (3 after week four)) or 15 mg/kg DMF (n = 4) in 0.08% aqueous Methocel (200 µL) for 8 weeks. The animals were imaged by PET using the TSPO tracer [18F]GE-180 in weeks 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, and 18 following lesion activation, and the non-displaceable binding potential (BPND) was calculated. Immunohistochemical staining for Iba1, CD4, and CD8 was performed in week 18, and in separate cohorts of animals, following 2 or 4 weeks of treatment. Results Using the fDTH-EAE model, DMF reduced the [18F]GE-180 BPND in the DMF-treated animals compared to control animals after 1 week of treatment (two-tailed unpaired t test, p = 0.031), but not in weeks 2, 4, 8, or 18 when imaged in vivo by PET. Immunostaining for Iba1 showed that DMF had no effect on the perilesional volume or the core lesion volume after 2 or 4 weeks of treatment, or at 18 weeks. However, the optical density (OD) measurements of CD4+ staining showed reduced OD in the lesions of the treated rats. Conclusions DMF reduced the microglial activation in the fDTH-EAE model after 1 week of treatment, as detected by PET imaging of the TSPO ligand [18F]GE-180. However, over an extended time course, reduced microglial activation was not observed using [18F]GE-180 or by immunohistochemistry for Iba1+ microglia/macrophages. Additionally, DMF did affect the infiltration of CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes at the fDTH-EAE lesion.
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- 2021
8. Disseminated alimentary mycobacteriosis in the horse: a retrospective study of nine cases
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T. Skrzypczak, Shelley Hahn, Michael Hewetson, K. Vainio, and Jenni Mönki
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0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Pathology ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,040301 veterinary sciences ,Equine ,business.industry ,Horse ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,medicine.disease ,3. Good health ,0403 veterinary science ,03 medical and health sciences ,Lethargy ,030104 developmental biology ,Granuloma ,Liver biopsy ,Biopsy ,medicine ,Granulomatous Hepatitis ,Histopathology ,business ,Proctitis - Abstract
Summary This paper summarises the clinical findings of 9 cases of disseminated alimentary mycobacteriosis in horses presented at a Finnish referral equine hospital 2009–2014. Four of 9 horses were Standardbreds and 8/9 horses were male. The median age was 2 years, ranging from 6 months to 15 years. The duration of clinical signs before admission ranged from 2 weeks to 6 months. All horses demonstrated deterioration of the clinical signs after a protracted period of the disease and were finally subjected to euthanasia after poor response to multiple medical therapies. The most common complaints on admission were weight loss and diarrhoea (9/9), pyrexia (7/9), ventral oedema (7/9), lethargy (7/9) and inappetance (6/9). The most common clinicopathological abnormalities were hypoalbuminaemia and hyperfibrinogenaemia, which were present in all horses. Rectal biopsy specimens were examined from 5/9 horses and specimens were stained with Ziehl-Nielsen (ZN). At rectal biopsy, mild multifocal neutrophilic or mild granulomatous proctitis was recognised in all 5 horses, but the ZN stain for mycobacteria was positive in only one biopsy. A liver biopsy was taken from one horse in which hepatomegaly was observed clinically and revealed marked granulomatous hepatitis with the presence of mycobacteria. The rectal biopsy from this horse was ZN negative. At post mortem examination, chronic, multifocal to coalescing granulomatous typhlocolitis and lymphadenitis were found in all horses with the small intestine less frequently involved. At histopathological examination of post mortem samples, a ZN stain was performed and intracellular acid-fast bacilli were identified in macrophages and multinucleated giant cells in the large intestine, liver and lymph nodes in 9/9 horses and in the small intestine in 5/9 horses. Mycobacterium avium ssp. hominissuis was isolated in 5/9 horses from post mortem samples.
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- 2015
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9. Non-heat-treated frozen raspberries the most likely vehicle of a norovirus outbreak in Oslo, Norway, November 2013
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M Grepp, Heidi Lange, M Einöder-Moreno, Line Vold, K Vainio, and E Osborg
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0301 basic medicine ,Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Food handlers ,Epidemiology ,030106 microbiology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Disease Outbreaks ,Cohort Studies ,Foodborne Diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,Young Adult ,0302 clinical medicine ,Environmental health ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Aged ,Caliciviridae Infections ,Retrospective Studies ,business.industry ,Norway ,Public health ,Norovirus ,Outbreak ,Middle Aged ,Original Papers ,Confidence interval ,Gastroenteritis ,Infectious Diseases ,Relative risk ,Heat treated ,Food Microbiology ,Female ,business ,Rubus ,Frozen Foods ,Cohort study - Abstract
SUMMARYIn November 2013, the Norwegian Institute of Public Health was notified of a gastroenteritis outbreak following two meetings held at a conference centre. Identical food and beverages were served during the meetings. We investigated in order to identify the vehicle of infection and implement control measures. Meeting participants completed an online questionnaire on consumption of foods and beverages. We asked symptomatic participants to provide a stool sample. We defined a case as diarrhoea and/or vomiting in a participant who became ill within 3 days after the meeting. We calculated attack rates (AR) and adjusted risk ratios (aRR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) using binomial regression. We conducted environmental investigations. Overall, 147/168 (88%) participants responded, of which 74 (50%) met the case definition. All five stool samples provided were norovirus positive. No kitchen staff reported being sick. Risk of illness was higher in those who consumed raspberry mousse (aRR 3·4, 95% CI 1·4–8·2) and sliced fresh fruit (aRR 1·9, 95% CI 1·3–2·8). Seventy cases (95%) ate raspberry mousse. Frozen raspberries used for the mousse were imported and not heat-treated before consumption. Non-heat-treated frozen raspberries were the most likely outbreak vehicle. Contamination by a food handler could not be excluded. We recommend heat-treatment of imported frozen berries before consumption.
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- 2016
10. Does long in vitro culture promote large for gestational age babies?
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Sirpa Mäkinen, Timo Tuuri, Anne-Maria Suikkari, Viveca Söderström-Anttila, and Jouni K. Vainio
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Pediatrics ,Time Factors ,Cross-sectional study ,Birth weight ,Population ,Fertilization in Vitro ,Fetal Macrosomia ,Cohort Studies ,Embryo Culture Techniques ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pregnancy ,medicine ,Birth Weight ,Humans ,Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic ,education ,Finland ,Infertility, Male ,reproductive and urinary physiology ,Retrospective Studies ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,education.field_of_study ,030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine ,Obstetrics ,business.industry ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Rehabilitation ,Infant, Newborn ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Gestational age ,Retrospective cohort study ,medicine.disease ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Reproductive Medicine ,Ectogenesis ,Female ,business ,Infertility, Female ,Cohort study - Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Does the length of time during which embryos are cultured in vitro affect the birthweight of the infants? SUMMARY ANSWER The duration of the embryo culture period is a significant factor in determining the birthweight of the infants. WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN IVF children show adverse perinatal outcome when compared with the general population and increased incidence of preterm birth and low birthweight is commonly observed. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION A retrospective cross-sectional cohort study including 1079 infants born after treatment at the Family Federation of Finland Fertility Clinic in Helsinki, between 2000 and 2010. PARTICIPANTS, SETTING, METHODS All singleton IVF children were included. The gestation- and gender-adjusted birthweights of the babies were analyzed according to mother's age, BMI, and parity, type of treatment (IVF or ICSI), main cause of infertility and embryo culture period. Two outcomes were investigated: the birthweight and the proportion of small and large for gestational age (SGA and LGA) infants. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to show the significance of each individual factor on determining the birthweight of the babies born. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE In the study group as a whole, the distribution of the SGA and LGA babies showed no deviation from the growth charts of the general population. However, when the birthweight of the children was analyzed according to the length of embryo culture from Day 2 to Days 5-6, an increase in the proportion of LGA babies was found (D2 9.4%, D3 11.5%, D5-6 18.8%; D2 n = 871, D3 n = 139, D5-6 n = 69). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that BMI (P < 0.001) and parity (P < 0.001) of the mother, as well as the embryo culture period (P = 0.007) had a significant effect on the birthweight. The value of the adjusted R(2) was 0.437. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Small number of D5-6 infants and a lack of pregnancy-associated factors contributing to birthweight. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDING This study warrants larger studies to analyze the birthweight of the IVF children, particularly after blastocyst culture. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST The study was funded by the Family Federation of Finland, Fertility Clinic Helsinki. No competing interests.
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- 2012
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11. Impaired efficacy of ivermectin against Parascaris equorum, and both ivermectin and pyrantel against strongyle infections in trotter foals in Finland
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Antti Oksanen, Anu Näreaho, and K. Vainio
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Veterinary medicine ,040301 veterinary sciences ,animal diseases ,ved/biology.organism_classification_rank.species ,Drug Resistance ,030308 mycology & parasitology ,0403 veterinary science ,03 medical and health sciences ,Ivermectin ,Animal science ,biology.animal ,Pyrantel ,Ascaridoidea ,parasitic diseases ,medicine ,Animals ,Horses ,Anthelmintic ,Strongylida Infections ,Anthelmintics ,Tetrahydropyrimidine derivatives ,0303 health sciences ,General Veterinary ,biology ,ved/biology ,Horse ,Parascaris equorum ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,General Medicine ,Faecal egg count reduction test ,3. Good health ,Ascaridida Infections ,Foal ,Strongylida ,Horse Diseases ,Parasitology ,medicine.drug - Abstract
In order to assess the resistance situation against macrocyclic lactones in Parascaris equorum and against tetrahydropyrimidine derivatives in strongyles in Finnish trotter horses, 112 foals on 18 farms, mostly 1 year old, were examined for these parasites with a modified McMaster faecal flotation method. P. equorum positive foals (n = 24) were given ivermectin orally at a dose of 200 μg/kg b.w., while strongyle positive but P. equorum negative foals (n = 38) received pyrantel embonate orally at a dose of 19 mg/kg. Sixteen P. equorum infected foals, treated with ivermectin, also harboured strongyles. During the anthelmintic treatment visit to the farm, Faecal Egg Count Reduction Test (FECRT) reference (first) samples were collected. Fourteen days later, the second sampling (reduction samples) was done. The FECR was calculated for each foal/parasite combination. The reduction efficacies of ivermectin against P. equorum (mean 52%, calculated from the individual egg count reductions) and pyrantel against strongyles (43%) were strongly indicative of widespread resistance. Also indication of ivermectin resistance among strongyles was seen. The widespread use of anthelmintics for Finnish horses obviously has resulted in resistance, as has happened elsewhere, too.
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- 2011
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12. Primary hyperoxaluria in Coton de Tulear
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G Vidgren, S Honkasalo, M Anttila, K Dillard, H Vauhkonen, and K Vainio-Siukola
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Candidate gene ,Autosome ,Hydroxypyruvate reductase ,General Medicine ,Biology ,medicine.disease ,Primary hyperoxaluria ,Exon ,Endocrinology ,Polymorphism (computer science) ,Internal medicine ,Genetics ,medicine ,Primary Hyperoxaluria Type I ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Glyoxylate reductase - Abstract
Primary hyperoxaluria (PH) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder of glyoxylate metabolism in humans. It is characterized by the accumulation of oxalate and subsequent precipitation of calcium oxalate crystals, primarily in the kidneys. Deficiencies in glyoxylate-metabolizing enzymes alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGXT) or glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase (GRHPR) occur in 95% of PH cases. Seven Coton de Tulear puppies from four apparently unrelated litters were examined owing to sudden illness at the age of 3-4 weeks. A complete necropsy was performed. The typical finding was tubular necrosis with extensive oxalate crystal deposition. Based on history and necropsy findings, PH was suspected. Eight microsatellite loci flanking AGXT and GRHPR were analysed, and based on segregation results, AGXT was suspected as to be the candidate gene. AGXT exon sequencing revealed a single base change (c.996G>A) that changed one conserved residue (p.Gly102Ser). The mutation was tested in of 118 Finnish Coton de Tulear dogs, ten (8.5%) of which were revealed as carriers. This preliminary study reports PH as a cause of neonatal death in Finnish Coton de Tulear and suggests that genetic testing of dogs be carried out before breeding to prevent the birth of affected offspring.
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- 2011
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13. The Effect of Geographic Location, Breed, and Pituitary Dysfunction on Seasonal Adrenocorticotropin and α-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone Plasma Concentrations in Horses
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Mary Rose Paradis, B. W. Sykes, Dianne McFarlane, A. Sanchez, B.W. Brorsen, Dana N. Zimmel, and K. Vainio
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endocrine system ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Pituitary gland ,Melanocyte-stimulating hormone ,General Veterinary ,business.industry ,Biorhythm ,Physiology ,Radioimmunoassay ,Pars intermedia ,Breed ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Endocrinology ,Internal medicine ,Pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction ,Medicine ,business ,hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists ,Hormone - Abstract
Background: Plasma α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) and adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) concentrations in horses vary with season, confounding diagnostic testing for pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID). Hypothesis: The goals of this study were to determine whether seasonal variation in plasma α-MSH and ACTH concentrations in horses is influenced by geographic location, breed, or PPID. Animals: Healthy light breed horses residing in Florida, Massachusetts, and Finland (n = 12 per group); healthy Morgan horses (n = 13); healthy ponies (n = 9) and horses with PPID (n = 8). Methods: Monthly plasma α-MSH and ACTH concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay. Nonlinear regression analysis was used to estimate the time of peak hormone concentrations. Mean hormone concentrations in fall and nonfall months were compared. Results: The fall peak plasma α-MSH concentration occurred earlier in horses residing at more northern locations. Mean seasonal α-MSH concentrations were similar in all healthy groups at all locations, but in the fall, plasma ACTH concentrations were higher in horses living in more southern locations. Plasma ACTH but not α-MSH concentrations were higher in Morgan horses compared with light breed horses from the same location. Hormone concentrations of ponies did not differ from those of horses during either season. Concentrations of both hormones were high in the fall compared with the spring in horses with PPID. Conclusions and Clinical Importance: These findings suggest geographic location of residence and breed may affect the onset, amplitude, or both of the seasonal peak of pars intermedia (PI) hormones and should be considered when performing diagnostic testing for PPID. Horses with PPID maintain seasonal regulation of PI hormone output.
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- 2011
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14. Primary gastric impaction in horses: A retrospective study of 20 cases (2005-2008)
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B. W. Sykes, K. Vainio, and Anthony T. Blikslager
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Abdominal discomfort ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Equine ,business.industry ,Gastric impaction ,Horse ,Retrospective cohort study ,Gastroenterology ,Enteral administration ,digestive system diseases ,Surgery ,Normal heart rate ,Internal medicine ,Isotonic ,medicine ,Margo plicatus ,business - Abstract
Summary Primary gastric impaction is an uncommon condition. Furthermore, the factors associated with gastric impaction and the optimal method of treatment are not clear. The aim of this article is to describe the clinical findings, treatment and outcome of horses with a primary gastric impaction. Medical records of horses that presented with a primary gastric impaction between 2005 and 2008 were reviewed and 20 horses with a primary gastric impaction identified. Diagnosis of a primary gastric impaction was made if the horse had been fasted for a minimum of 16 h, a concretion of ingesta precluded visualisation of the margo plicatus and there was no evidence of concurrent intestinal pathology. Thirteen of 20 (65%) horses were presented on an emergency basis. The most common complaint was inappetence (50%) followed by acute colic (35%) and recurrent colic (35%). On initial examination for colic, all horses had a normal heart rate and 7 of 20 (35%) had decreased gastrointestinal borborygmi. All horses were treated with enteral fluid therapy. The median dose of fluids administered per day was 5 doses (range 1–8 doses) of 2–10 l of isotonic electrolyte solution. The median length of treatment until resolution was 2 days (range 1–5 days). Eighteen of 20 (90%) horses survived to discharge. Primary gastric impaction appears to be a condition with clinical signs of inappetence and mild abdominal discomfort. This is the largest group of horses reported that were treated with enteral fluid therapy for a gastric impaction and it was concluded that enteral fluid therapy was of value in this study.
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- 2010
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15. The systematics of Echinorhynchus Zoega in Müller, 1776 (Acanthocephala, Echinorhynchidae) elucidated by nuclear and mitochondrial sequence data from eight European taxa
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Elisabeth A. Herniou, Matthew T. Wayland, Jouni K. Vainio, David I. Gibson, Risto Väinölä, D. Timothy J. Littlewood, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), University of Helsinki, Université de Floride, Unibersity of Florida, University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF)-University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Institut de recherche sur la biologie de l'insecte UMR7261 (IRBI), Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Parasitic Worms Division, The Natural History Museum, Finnish Museum of Natural History (LUOMUS), Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biosciences, Finnish Museum of Natural History, Zoology, and Risto Väinölä / Principal Investigator
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Insecta ,Palaeacanthocephala ,INTERMEDIATE HOST ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,GENE-SEQUENCES ,Echinorhynchus cinctulus ,Isthmosacanthidae ,phylogeny ,Acanthocephala ,Monophyly ,taxonomy ,Genus ,lcsh:Zoology ,Echinorhynchus truttae ,lcsh:QL1-991 ,bothniensis ,Clade ,Phylogenetic tree ,truttae ,lucii ,Coreoidea ,salmonis ,Molecular phylogenetics ,1181 Ecology, evolutionary biology ,Echinorhynchus bothniensis ,parasite ,Taxonomy (biology) ,SALMONIS ACANTHOCEPHALA ,AcanthocephalaCephalornis ,AcanthocephalaAnimalia ,Research Article ,Systematics ,EchinorhynchusEchinorhynchusAnimalia ,Echinorhynchus brayi ,Arthropoda ,Zoology ,EchinorhynchidaeCephalornis ,Biology ,Echinorhynchus gadi ,zoogeography ,MYSIS-RELICTA ,FRESH-WATER FISHES ,Hemiptera ,Phylogenetics ,Animalia ,14. Life underwater ,systematics ,Acanthocephalus ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,BOTHNIAN BAY ,1172 Environmental sciences ,molecular phylogeny ,Echinorhynchida ,MORPHOLOGICAL VARIABILITY ,Echinorhynchus ,gadi ,BAYESIAN PHYLOGENETIC INFERENCE ,Echinorhynchus salmonis ,brayi ,Acanthocephalus lucii ,Echinorhynchidae ,SP-N ACANTHOCEPHALA ,cinctulus ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Coreidae ,LUCII ACANTHOCEPHALA - Abstract
International audience; The acanthocephalan genus Echinorhynchus Zoega in Müller, 1776 (sensu Yamaguti 1963) is a large and widespread group of parasites of teleost fish and malacostracan crustaceans, distributed from the Arctic to the Antarctic in habitats ranging from freshwaters to the deep-sea. A total of 52 species are currently recognised based on the conventional morphological species concept; however, the true diversity in the genus is masked by cryptic speciation. The considerable diversity within Echinorhynchus is an argument for subdividing the genus if monophyletic groups with supporting morphological characters can be identified. With this objective in mind, partial sequences of two genes with different rates of evolution and patterns of inheritance (nuclear 28S rRNA and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I) were used to infer the phylogenetic relationships among eight taxa of Echinorhynchus. These included representatives of each of three genus group taxa proposed in a controversial revision of the genus based on cement gland pattern, namely Echinorhynchus (sensu stricto), Metechinorhynchus Petrochenko, 1956 and Pseudoechinorhynchus Petrochenko, 1956. These groupings have previously been rejected by some authorities, because the diagnostic character is poorly defined; this study shows that Echinorhynchus (sensu stricto) and Metechinorhynchus are not natural, monophyletic groups. A revision of Echinorhynchus will require tandem molecular phylogenetic and morphological analyses of a larger sample of taxa, but this study has identified two morhological characters that might potentially be used to define new genera. The estimated phylogeny also provides insight into the zoogeographical history of Echinorhynchus spp. We postulate that the ancestral Echinorhynchus had a freshwater origin and the genus subsequently invaded the sea, probably several times. The freshwater taxa of the E. bothniensis Zdzitowiecki & Valtonen, 1987 clade may represent a reinvasion of freshwater by one or more ancestral marine species.
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- 2015
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16. Phylogeny of Mysis (Crustacea, Mysida): history of continental invasions inferred from molecular and morphological data
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Jouni K. Vainio, Asta Audzijonyte, Jakob Damgaard, Sirkka-Liisa Varvio, and Risto Väinölä
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0106 biological sciences ,0303 health sciences ,Phylogenetic tree ,biology ,Ecology ,Mysis relicta ,biology.organism_classification ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Cladistics ,03 medical and health sciences ,Monophyly ,Mysida ,Mysis ,Sister group ,Evolutionary biology ,Clade ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,030304 developmental biology - Abstract
We studied the phylogenetic history of opossum shrimps of the genus Mysis Latreille, 1802 (Crustacea: Mysida) using parsimony analyses of morphological characters, DNA sequence data from mitochondrial (16S, COI and CytB) and nuclear genes (ITS2, 18S), and eight allozyme loci. With these data we aimed to resolve a long-debated question of the origin of the non-marine (continental) taxa in the genus, i.e., “glacial relicts” in circumpolar postglacial lakes and “arctic immigrants” in the Caspian Sea. A simultaneous analysis of the data sets gave a single tree supporting monophyly of all continental species, as well as monophyly of the taxa from circumpolar lakes and from the Caspian Sea. A clade of three circumarctic marine species was sister group to the continental taxa, whereas Atlantic species had more distant relationships to the others. Small molecular differentiation among the morphologically diverse endemic species from the Caspian Sea suggested their recent speciation, while the phenotypically more uniform “glacial relict” species from circumpolar lakes (Mysis relicta group) showed deep molecular divergences. For the length-variable ITS2 region both direct optimization and a priori alignment procedures gave similar topologies, although the former approach provided a better overall resolution. In terms of partitioned Bremer support (PBS), mitochondrial protein coding genes provided the largest contribution (83%) to the total tree resolution. This estimate however, appears to be partly spurious, due to the concerted inheritance of mitochondrial characters and probable cases of introgression or ancestral polymorphism. © The Willi Hennig Society 2005.
- Published
- 2005
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17. No sequence variation in part of the hexon and the fibre genes of adenovirus 8 isolated from patients with conjunctivitis or epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) in Norway during 1989 to 1996
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A L Bruu, E Borch, and K Vainio
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Keratoconjunctivitis, Infectious ,viruses ,Short Report ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Disease Outbreaks ,Pathology and Forensic Medicine ,Adenovirus Infections, Human ,Conjunctivitis, Viral ,Capsid ,Genetic variation ,medicine ,Humans ,Genetic variability ,Antigens, Viral ,Phylogeny ,Keratoconjunctivitis ,Molecular epidemiology ,Norway ,Adenoviruses, Human ,Genetic Variation ,Sequence Analysis, DNA ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,Virology ,Hypervariable region ,Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis ,Adenoviridae ,Mastadenovirus ,DNA, Viral ,Capsid Proteins - Abstract
Background/Aims—Several local epidemics of keratoconjunctivitis/conjunctivitis caused by adenovirus type 8 (Ad8) occurred in Norway from August 1995 to May 1996. A smaller epidemic occurred in 1992. The Ad8 hexon forms the surface of the virion and contains the hypervariable regions loop I1 and loop I2. The fibre mediates the primary contact with cells. Sequence variation in hexon and fibre genes might play an important role in the pathogenicity of adenoviruses. The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic variability at the hexon and fibre genes in 26 strains of Ad8 isolated from 1989 to 1996. Methods—The genetic variability of 26 strains of Ad8 isolated from 1989 to 1996 was studied by sequencing part of the hexon and fibre genes. The Ad8 sequences were compared with each other and with two Ad8 strains from the EMBL database. In addition, 14 of the 26 isolates were subjected to restriction endonuclease analysis. Results—No significant sequence variation was seen during the six year period. Conclusion—The Ad8 strains causing epidemics of keratoconjunctivitis/conjunctivitis in Norway are genetically stable. Key Words: adenovirus 8 • molecular epidemiology • conjunctivitis
- Published
- 2001
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18. [Untitled]
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Risto Väinölä and Jouni K. Vainio
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Sympatry ,geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,biology ,Ecology ,Mysis relicta ,Mysidacea ,Aquatic Science ,biology.organism_classification ,Crustacean ,Salinity ,Mysida ,Archipelago ,Bay - Abstract
We used electrophoretically identified material to assess the geographical distributions, life cycles and interspecific hybridization of two sibling species of the Mysis relicta species group (sp. I and sp. II) in the northern Baltic region. In the Gulf of Finland, sp. I prevails in inshore waters and sp. II in the open sea; the distributions overlap in the outer archipelago zone. In the Gulf of Bothnia, only sp. II was found in the southern part (Bothnian Sea), whereas the two species coexist throughout the northerly Bothnian Bay. Both the local and large-scale distributions are salinity-related, but salinity alone does not explain the differences. The two species exhibit different patterns of geographical variation in their life histories. In strict sympatry in the north they have identical two-year life cycles with winter breeding. Further south (Gulf of Finland), sp. I exhibits a predominantly one-year winter-breeding cycle, whereas sp. II breeds throughout the year. The patterns comply with the concept of a great phenotypic flexibility and environmental control of life history characteristics in the Mysis relicta group, and make a contrast to the stable life cycle of the congeneric M. mixta. F1 hybrids between the two M. relicta group species were found at a low frequency (0.6%) in the Bothnian Bay, but not in other areas of sympatry.
- Published
- 1998
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19. Biochemical Systematic Relationships Among the Freshwater Amphipods Gammarus Varsoviensis, G. Lacustris and G. Pulex
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Krzysztof Jażdżewski, Risto Väinölä, and Jouni K. Vainio
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0106 biological sciences ,0303 health sciences ,Ecology ,010604 marine biology & hydrobiology ,Biology ,Aquatic Science ,Common ancestry ,biology.organism_classification ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Carcinology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Pulex ,Genus ,Gammarus ,Gammarus varsoviensis ,Animal Science and Zoology ,14. Life underwater ,030304 developmental biology - Abstract
The systematic position of the freshwater amphipod G. varsoviensis Jazdzewski from northern Poland and Germany, split off recently from G. lacustris Sars in the same area, was assessed by allozyme electrophoresis. A distant evolutionary relationship between the two species was indicated, similar to that between them and G. pulex (L.), and to those earlier recorded between marine and freshwater Gammarus spp. (genetic identities I = 0.1-0.2). The neutral terms currently used for subdivisions of the genus, such as the G. pulex group which includes the three species studied, refer to units too ancient to have retained traces of a common ancestry at the allozyme level; adoption of subdivisions based on phylogenetically closer, genetically identifiable relationships is suggested.
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- 1995
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20. Primary hyperoxaluria in Coton de Tulear
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G, Vidgren, K, Vainio-Siukola, S, Honkasalo, K, Dillard, M, Anttila, and H, Vauhkonen
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Oxalates ,Age Factors ,Exons ,Sequence Analysis, DNA ,Kidney ,Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ,Pedigree ,Alcohol Oxidoreductases ,Dogs ,Hyperoxaluria, Primary ,Mutation ,Prevalence ,Animals ,Dog Diseases ,Sequence Alignment ,Transaminases - Abstract
Primary hyperoxaluria (PH) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder of glyoxylate metabolism in humans. It is characterized by the accumulation of oxalate and subsequent precipitation of calcium oxalate crystals, primarily in the kidneys. Deficiencies in glyoxylate-metabolizing enzymes alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGXT) or glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase (GRHPR) occur in 95% of PH cases. Seven Coton de Tulear puppies from four apparently unrelated litters were examined owing to sudden illness at the age of 3-4 weeks. A complete necropsy was performed. The typical finding was tubular necrosis with extensive oxalate crystal deposition. Based on history and necropsy findings, PH was suspected. Eight microsatellite loci flanking AGXT and GRHPR were analysed, and based on segregation results, AGXT was suspected as to be the candidate gene. AGXT exon sequencing revealed a single base change (c.996GA) that changed one conserved residue (p.Gly102Ser). The mutation was tested in of 118 Finnish Coton de Tulear dogs, ten (8.5%) of which were revealed as carriers. This preliminary study reports PH as a cause of neonatal death in Finnish Coton de Tulear and suggests that genetic testing of dogs be carried out before breeding to prevent the birth of affected offspring.
- Published
- 2012
21. The effect of geographic location, breed, and pituitary dysfunction on seasonal adrenocorticotropin and α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone plasma concentrations in horses
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D, McFarlane, M R, Paradis, D, Zimmel, B, Sykes, B W, Brorsen, A, Sanchez, and K, Vainio
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Male ,Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ,Massachusetts ,alpha-MSH ,Florida ,Animals ,Regression Analysis ,Female ,Horses ,Seasons ,Pituitary Gland, Intermediate ,Finland - Abstract
Plasma α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) and adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) concentrations in horses vary with season, confounding diagnostic testing for pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID).The goals of this study were to determine whether seasonal variation in plasma α-MSH and ACTH concentrations in horses is influenced by geographic location, breed, or PPID.Healthy light breed horses residing in Florida, Massachusetts, and Finland (n = 12 per group); healthy Morgan horses (n = 13); healthy ponies (n = 9) and horses with PPID (n = 8).Monthly plasma α-MSH and ACTH concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay. Nonlinear regression analysis was used to estimate the time of peak hormone concentrations. Mean hormone concentrations in fall and nonfall months were compared.The fall peak plasma α-MSH concentration occurred earlier in horses residing at more northern locations. Mean seasonal α-MSH concentrations were similar in all healthy groups at all locations, but in the fall, plasma ACTH concentrations were higher in horses living in more southern locations. Plasma ACTH but not α-MSH concentrations were higher in Morgan horses compared with light breed horses from the same location. Hormone concentrations of ponies did not differ from those of horses during either season. Concentrations of both hormones were high in the fall compared with the spring in horses with PPID.These findings suggest geographic location of residence and breed may affect the onset, amplitude, or both of the seasonal peak of pars intermedia (PI) hormones and should be considered when performing diagnostic testing for PPID. Horses with PPID maintain seasonal regulation of PI hormone output.
- Published
- 2011
22. Sources of SEP acceleration during a flare∈-∈CME event
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Lehtinen, N.J. Pohjolainen, S. Huttunen-Heikinmaa, K. Vainio, R. Valtonen, E. Hillaris, A.E.
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Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,Physics::Space Physics ,Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics - Abstract
A high-speed, halo-type coronal mass ejection (CME), associated with a GOES M4.6 soft X-ray flare in NOAA AR 0180 at S12W29 and an EIT wave and dimming, occurred on 9 November 2002. A complex radio event was observed during the same period. It included narrow-band fluctuations and frequency-drifting features in the metric wavelength range, type III burst groups at metric∈- ∈hectometric wavelengths, and an interplanetary type II radio burst, which was visible in the dynamic radio spectrum below 14 MHz. To study the association of the recorded solar energetic particle (SEP) populations with the propagating CME and flaring, we perform a multi-wavelength analysis using radio spectral and imaging observations combined with white-light, EUV, hard X-ray, and magnetogram data. Velocity dispersion analysis of the particle distributions (SOHO and Wind in situ observations) provides estimates for the release times of electrons and protons. Our analysis indicates that proton acceleration was delayed compared to the electrons. The dynamics of the interplanetary type II burst identify the burst source as a bow shock created by the fast CME. The type III burst groups, with start times close to the estimated electron-release times, trace electron beams travelling along open field lines into the interplanetary space. The type III bursts seem to encounter a steep density gradient as they overtake the type II shock front, resulting in an abrupt change in the frequency drift rate of the type III burst emission. Our study presents evidence in support of a scenario in which electrons are accelerated low in the corona behind the CME shock front, while protons are accelerated later, possibly at the CME bow shock high in the corona. © 2007 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
- Published
- 2008
23. Some examples of natural products in the Eastern Arc Mountains
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K. Vainio-Mattila and M. Härkönen
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2. Zero hunger ,biology ,Rural economy ,Agroforestry ,15. Life on land ,biology.organism_classification ,Natural (archaeology) ,Tanzania ,Geography ,Environmental protection ,Urbanization ,East africa ,Natural ecosystem ,Oral tradition - Abstract
There is a high diversity of natural ecosystems in the Eastern Arc Mountains, influenced by a long history of human colonisation. Natural products are an important part of the rural economy and people have a long tradition of utilising them, passed on orally from generation to generation. Urbanisation and migration in modem Tanzania have cut many of the traditional links with nature, and knowledge of nature and natural phenomena is no longer handed down from generation to generation as efficiently as in the past. Collecting the oral tradition in Tanzanian villages and saving it for the future is an urgent task. In this article the use of wild vegetables (Katariina Vainio-Mattila) and edible mushrooms (Marja Härkönen) are presented according to interviews and material collected during several visits to the Pare and the Usambara mountains.Journal of East African Natural History Vol. 87 (1&2) 1998: pp. 265-278
- Published
- 2007
24. SESSION 48: CULTURE, CRYO AND COCHRANE
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J.C.M. Dumoulin, Timo Tuuri, Luc J.M. Smits, Viveca Söderström-Anttila, Josien G. Derhaag, A. Haruki, Yueping Alex Wang, Tessa J. Roseboom, Wolfgang Viechtbauer, L. Bastings, Sirpa Mäkinen, Yoshiharu Morimoto, Bev Shea, K. Sugihara, A.P.A. Van Montfoort, J.L.H. Evers, Cindy Farquhar, Vanessa Jordan, Elizabeth A. Sullivan, Ivor Popovich, Sander H.M. Kleijkers, A. Koike, Anne-Maria Suikkari, Aisaku Fukuda, B. Windsor, Jouni K. Vainio, Ewka C.M. Nelissen, Edith Coonen, and I.E.L. Schreurs
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Reproductive Medicine ,business.industry ,Rehabilitation ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Medicine ,Medical physics ,Session (computer science) ,business - Published
- 2012
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25. The perceived role and skills of pharmacists in asthma management after in-house training
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K K, Vainio, M J, Korhonen, A M, Hirvonen, and K H, Enlund
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Counseling ,Patient Education as Topic ,Clinical Competence ,Education, Pharmacy, Continuing ,Pharmacists ,Asthma ,Finland - Abstract
To evaluate perceived roles and skills of pharmacists in asthma management before and after a training intervention that consisted of six in-house training sessions.Altogether 315 pharmacists in the intervention group and 121 pharmacists in the control group participated in the study. The data on study variables were collected by a questionnaire during the first and last training sessions.Pharmacists' perceptions of their role, perceived skills, estimates of patients receiving counselling and experienced problems.Based on their ratings for 16 topics, the pharmacists' perceptions about their role in counselling asthma patients remained rather stable. Handling of the inhalers and inhalation technique were considered as the most important aspects of counselling and issues dealing with the disease were regarded as the least important. Using a self-rated scale (4-10 scale), pharmacists' perceived counselling skills improved in the intervention group (6.5 vs 7.6), but not in the control group (6.5 vs 6.4). In the intervention group, the pharmacists' estimates of the proportion of new users of asthma medicines receiving counselling increased from 48% to 61% and that of old users from 18% to 26%. Before the training, the most commonly experienced problem in counselling was the pharmacists' lack of knowledge and skills. After the training, pharmacists experienced problems mainly with communication.When pharmacists are included in the support system for any patients group, their capabilities of fulfilling their role have to be assessed. In particular, communication skills and outcome-oriented counselling require attention.
- Published
- 2001
26. [Atherosclerosis and infection--a paradigmatic shift?]
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G, Anestad, T, Hoel, O, Scheel, and K, Vainio
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Arteriosclerosis ,Risk Factors ,Cause of Death ,Humans ,Drug Resistance, Microbial ,Bacterial Infections ,Feeding Behavior ,Tuberculosis, Pulmonary - Published
- 2000
27. The rheumatoid foot. A clinical study with pathological and roentgenological comments. 1956
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K, Vainio
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Arthritis, Rheumatoid ,Foot Diseases ,Orthopedics ,Humans ,History, 20th Century ,Finland - Published
- 1991
28. Abstracts of papers Rational use of drugs
- Author
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M. N. G. Dukes, Robert M. Elenbaas, G. Tognoni, Dorothy L. Smith, Inga Lunde, H. G. M. Leufkens, Y. A. Hekster, A. Bakker, G. Ostino, H. Petri, F. Sturmans, H. D. Banta, F. F. H. Rutten, L. L. Martens, P. R. Noyce, F. W. H. M. Merkus, Lolkje de Jong-v.d.Berg, Flora Haaijer-Ruskamp, Graham Dukes, B. -M. Vidgren, S. Vidgren, N. Martini, M. L. Sala, G. Scroccaro, P. Olivencia, D. C. McLcod, W. G. Coln, A. G. Hartzcma, C. F. Thaver, J. M. Rodriguez-Sasiain, B. Sangroniz, M. D. Mauleon, M. A. Wood, M. J. Martinez, O. Leinebø, J. N. Saugen, P. Marini, R. Olivato, C. Alberola, E. Cruz-Martos, T. Cruz, N. Marfagon, A. Herreros de Tejada, P. Denig, F. M. Haaijer-Ruskamp, H. Wesseling, A. Versluis, M. P. Gascón, Robert Horne, Jane Hough, N. S. Klazinga, J. J. -E. van Everdingen, P. J. van den Broek, D. K. Roberts, G. B. A. Veitch, K. K. C. Tan, D. A. Holland, M. C. Allwood, A. Nicholls, A. Astobieta, R. Calvo, J. M. Rodriquez-Sasiain, D. Barriquand, C. Pochon, G. Aulagner, A. Vial, C. Dumarest, P. H. Maire, R. W. Jelliffe, J. R. B. J. Brouwers, K. Cramer, J. Gulyas, H. J. vd Kam, J. Sijtsma, C. Donadio, G. Tramonti, G. Garcea, M. Costagli, A. Lucchetti, R. Giordani, G. Paizis, R. Pierotti, G. Falcone, C. Bianchi, C. Gallastegui, R. Farré, I. Jiménez, M. A. Mangues, E. Guasch, G. Ginovart, X. Sagrera, F. Raspall, J. M. Queralto, J. M. Kovarik, C. M. A. Rademaker, J. Verhoef, L. Silvestri, M. Caputo, M. Andrew, E. -L. Toverud, I. Jimenez, I. Castro, E. Alvarez, J. Altimiras, J. J. J. P. M. van de Leur, N. F. Muller, J. M. Van Turnhout, L. Mendizabal, J. M. Rodriguez Sasiain, G. Morana, K. Moss Ofstad, A. -M. Timenes, J. K. F. Vroom, L. T. W. de Jong-van den Berg, P. B. van den Berg, J. J. de Gier, J. Ferres, O. Recoder, Rio T. Sanchez, M. P. Garcia, A. Julia, A. Balet, R. Farre, M. A. Manques, T. Berod, E. Dufay, C. Naveau, M. Combe, A. Sauvageon, Erik Wind Hansen, Jens Dencker Christensen, L. Lie-A-Huen, J. H. Kinqma, D. K. P. Meijer, F. Le Meur, P. Isoard, M. S. Salek, A. Y. Finlay, G. K. Khan, D. K. Luscombe, A. Stuurman, M. P. Boidin, K. Wallenius, R. Ojala, A. Kariluoto, M. Ikonen, A. H. P. Paes, A. Th. G. Blom, S. Wallenius, H. Enlund, K. Vainio, C. Codina, M. Roca, P. Sardà, N. Corominas, J. Massó, J. Ribas, K. Kentra, M. Myllyntausta, M. Saarenpää, M. S. A. Airaksinen, L. Mendarte, A. Rimola, R. Meisters, Y. Hekster, W. Janssen, A. Cox, R. Kempen, S. J. A. Aerdts, R. van Dalen, H. A. L. Clasener, J. Festen, PP Schjphorst, HB Benraad, P. van Asten, R. de Wit, R. J. G. Limbeek, H. G. M. Nagel, R. H. B. Mgyboom, B. H. C. Stricker, B. A. M. van den Berg, T. H. A. Nelen, T. A. G. Tijssen, P. Wassink, M. J. E. Wassink-L'Ortije, P. Gascón, C. Selva, T. Bassons, C. Pardo, M. P. Mas, M. Saqalés, F. Sánchez, V. Mercade, R. Pujol, C. Agustí, M. Cano, T. Gurrera, M. Gorchs, X. Fabregas, L. L. Murgui, A. Verdaguer, W. P. J. Witjes, E. J. Vollaard, B. J. P. Crul, C. Limpens, K. Ahonen, T. Klaukka, I. Vohlonen, J. Martikainen, Daniel Goldenberg, Andres Brodsky, Ines Aparici, Cecilia Argeri, D. Goldenberg, C. Saidman, L. Sevinski, N. Allevato, B. Mujico, J. Ubogui, P. Dorfman, Lupo L. Rodriguez, M. Varela, J. Higa, Annie Fourrier, Philippe Larrouturou, Claire Samarran, Jacqueline Huchet, N. D. Barber, N. Party, P. Wilson, Grethe Eide, Kari Horvei, Angelika Kruse-Jensen, Ingrid Wold, Turid Møark, C. W. Barrett, A. C. Tugwell, B. Søndergaard, M. Rasmussen, F. Davidsen, H. Hey, L. Kierkeby, L. Riis, M. Korhonen, P. Vidgren, T. Ojanen, M. Vidqren, J. Ferrés, T. Sanchez, C. Gallastequi, A. Julià, R. M. C. Herings, B. H. Ch. Stricker, A. J. H. H. Janssen, Heike Dinter, A. J. H. M. Janssen, X. Barbaut, S. Proust, G. Amlagner, F. A. L. M. Eskens, E. Arnoldussen, E. Sieradzki, E. Wanat-Słupska, M. Zlółkowska, I. Pankowska, R. Mazur, B. Ksiazkiewicz, A. Jankowski, A. Marzec, C. Marzec, M. O. Marzec, J. P. Marzec, D. R. Mungall, Lynne Portnoy, F. Lucas, F. Kadir, A. Pijpers, A. Vulto, J. Zuidema, P. Sutton, Antal Samu, John E. Murphy, Ronnie Chapman, Nicolien Wieringa, J. Rolloos, M. T. P. J. Voesten, P. J. J. de Meijer, G. H. P. de Koning, S. Salek, E. Reerink, L. Farrow, G. Raskob, D. Rosenbloom, R. Hull, A. Torras, O. Recorder, C. Torras, J. Cubellsl, M. Font, R. Madridejos, A. Catalán, M. Huguet, N. Franquesa, J. Gratacós, M. Martinez, A. Saltó, E. van der Kleijn, R. J. M. ter Wee, N. Holmberg, and R. F. Brenninkmeijer
- Subjects
Pharmacology ,Medical education ,business.industry ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Pharmacy ,business ,Psychology ,Rational use - Published
- 1989
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29. Intra-Articular Temperature and Caloric Stimulation: A Preliminary Report
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K. Vainio, V. Laine, J. Lindström, and P.-I. Brånemark
- Subjects
musculoskeletal diseases ,Orthodontics ,Joint temperature ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Cold packs ,Immunology ,General Medicine ,Surgery ,Joint disease ,Intra articular ,Rheumatology ,Preliminary report ,Anesthesia ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,business ,Caloric stimulation ,Joint (geology) - Abstract
SummaryIntra- and periarticular temperature measurements on rheumatic subjects and persons without joint disease during application of hot and cold packs reveal that these temperatures do not vary as previously supposed and differ from one part of the joint to another. It is pointed out that inferences should not be drawn from joint temperature measurements unless the state of the vascular bed is taken into consideration.
- Published
- 1980
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30. RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS OF THE ELBOW: THE RESULTS OF SYNOVECTOMY
- Author
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B. B. Porter, C. Richardson, and K. Vainio
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Radiography ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Elbow ,Synovectomy ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Rheumatoid arthritis ,medicine ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Disease process ,business ,Lateral approach - Abstract
1. One hundred and twenty-three patients with rheumatoid arthritis who had synovectomy and excision of the head of the radius performed on 154 elbows have been reviewed one to six years after operation. 2. The severity of the disease process at the time of operation was graded radiologically and an attempt made to relate this to the results. 3. Overall, the clinical results were most satisfactory; more than 70 per cent of the patients were pleased with the outcome. When radiographic deterioration of the joint was taken into account, however, only 54 per cent achieved a "satisfactory" result. 4. Clearance of the synovium through combined medial and lateral incisions gave better results than a lateral approach alone. 5. When the disease was far advanced by the time of operation any good results were likely to be short-lived. 6. The indications for synovectomy of the rheumatoid elbow are discussed in the light of these findings.
- Published
- 1974
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31. Carpal tunnel syndrome in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
- Author
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K. Vainio, H. Pätiälä, P. Raunio, and K. Ishikawa
- Subjects
musculoskeletal diseases ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adult patients ,business.industry ,Decompression ,General Medicine ,Wrist ,Probable diagnosis ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,body regions ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Atrophy ,Orthopedic surgery ,medicine ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,skin and connective tissue diseases ,business ,Carpal tunnel syndrome ,Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis - Abstract
The frequency of carpal tunnel syndrome in children is not generally appreciated. Only 11 cases have been published. In part of them the probable diagnosis was juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA). A series of 22 operated hands in 14 patients under 15 years is presented. All patients, 9 girls and 5 boys, were suffering from definitely diagnosed JRA. The most common symptoms are atrophy of the thenar muscles and tenosynovial masses at the volar side of the wrist. Contrary to the adult patients, sensory disturbances are rare and thenar atrophy can recover. Unilateral cases seem to occur in oligoarticular, slowly progressing type of the disease. Early diagnosis and decompression are emphasized.
- Published
- 1975
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32. Scanning Electron Microscopic Studies of Extensor Tendon Degeneration in Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Author
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M. Oka, H. Inoue, H. Julkunen, and K. Vainio
- Subjects
musculoskeletal diseases ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Tenosynovitis ,business.industry ,Immunology ,Healthy subjects ,Active stage ,Anatomy ,General Medicine ,Degeneration (medical) ,musculoskeletal system ,medicine.disease ,Tendon ,Collagen fibril ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Rheumatology ,Rheumatoid arthritis ,medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,Synovial fluid ,business - Abstract
SummaryExamination of the surfaces of four normal and six rheumatoid tendons in the hand by scanning electron microscopy clearly showed the processes of degeneration affecting the tendons in rheumatoid arthritis. These findings seemed to correspond to the clinical state.The surfaces of the healthy tendons displayed fine networks of closely enmeshed collagen fibrils and parallel arrangements of collagen bundles. In acute rheumatoid tenosynovitis numerous inflammatory cells were found on the surfaces of the tendons, later crater and groove formations followed, as was observed in degenerated tendons and ruptured stumps in cases in which the active stage already had calmed down.The hypothesis is discussed that disorganization of tendons in rheumatoid disease may be caused by lysosomal enzymes present in greater concentration in the synovial fluid components of rheumatoid patients than in healthy subjects.
- Published
- 1987
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33. Intra-Articular Nitrogen Mustard Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Author
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H. Julkunen and K. Vainio
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Immunology ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Nitrogen mustard ,Surgery ,Arthritis, Rheumatoid ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Intra articular ,chemistry ,Rheumatology ,Rheumatoid arthritis ,Nitrogen Mustard Compounds ,medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,Mechlorethamine ,business ,Short duration ,Hydrocortisone ,medicine.drug - Abstract
SummaryIn a controlled rheumatoid arthritis series of 59 cases intra-articular nitrogen mustard and hydrocortisone compared with hydrocortisone alone gave a better effect in 32 per cent. The mean extension of the remission was 2.3 months. The best results were achieved in cases with minimal roentgenological changes (Stages I—II) where the disease was of short duration.
- Published
- 1960
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34. Vascular Reactivity in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Pilot Study in Synovectomized and Non-Synovectomized Knee Joints
- Author
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K. Vainio, V. Laine, and P.-I. Brånemark
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,musculoskeletal diseases ,Drug ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Knee Joint ,Vasodilator Agents ,media_common.quotation_subject ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Immunology ,Injections, Intramuscular ,Body Temperature ,Arthritis, Rheumatoid ,Vascular reactivity ,Rheumatology ,Synovectomy ,Vasoactive ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,Skin ,media_common ,Tissue temperature ,Microscopy ,business.industry ,Caloric response ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Anesthesia ,Rheumatoid arthritis ,Nerve block ,Female ,business - Abstract
SummaryA pilot study was performed on the effect of a vasoactive drug — isoxysuprenaline (Duvadilan®) — on knee joint circulation (registered as tissue temperature) in 22 cases of rheumatoid arthritis.It was found that it is possible to increase joint tissue circulation appreciably even after a single parenteral dose of this drug. Short-term administration per os (5 days) resulted in a change in caloric response from pathologic to normal in 3 out of 7 cases. When the drug was tested on 10 cases, who had had knee joint synovectomies it was found that the effect was significantly better on the synovectomized side, 9 out of 10 showing increase in circulation. The effect of the drug was compared to that of nerve block by local anesthetics.The biologic interpretation of these preliminary results is discussed and further studies on the basis of this preliminary investigation are suggested. Isoxysuprenaline thus can be used both diagnostically to test vascular reactivity of mesenchymal tissues in rheumatoid arth...
- Published
- 1966
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Content of Fibroeartilagenolytic Enzymes and Viscosity of Homogenates of Joint Menisci in Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Author
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Klockars M, O Wegelius, and K Vainio
- Subjects
Cartilage, Articular ,musculoskeletal diseases ,Arylsulfatase B ,Knee Joint ,Acid Phosphatase ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Meniscus (anatomy) ,Arthritis, Rheumatoid ,medicine ,Humans ,Glucuronidase ,Cathepsin ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,biology ,Viscosity ,Chemistry ,Acid phosphatase ,General Medicine ,Anatomy ,musculoskeletal system ,medicine.disease ,Cathepsins ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Enzyme ,Rheumatoid arthritis ,biology.protein ,Sulfatases - Abstract
Observations on specimens from 100 consecutive synovectomies indicate that disintegration of the menisci of rheumatoid knee joints starts at the anterior and posterior horns. The middle part may still be fairly normal. Breakdown of macromolecules takes place, which is shown by viscosimetry. The activi ties of betaglucuronidase, cathepsin, arylsulfatase B, and acid phosphatase are higher in the degenerating, soft parts of the menisci than in the still healthy parts. Vague evidence of a collagenolytic activity could be found in the fibrocartilaginous homogenates.
- Published
- 1970
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Wrist and Finger Deformities in Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Author
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T. Pulkki, A. Saarimaa, K. Vainio, and D. Chaplin
- Subjects
Male ,musculoskeletal diseases ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Ankylosis ,Immunology ,Ulna ,Wrist ,Fingers ,Periostitis ,Sex Factors ,Rheumatology ,Radial deviation ,Hand Deformities, Acquired ,Deformity ,medicine ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,Disease process ,Child ,business.industry ,Age Factors ,General Medicine ,Hand ,medicine.disease ,Arthritis, Juvenile ,Surgery ,Radiography ,body regions ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Child, Preschool ,Flexion deformity ,Female ,Ulnar deviation ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis - Abstract
SummaryA study of the notes and x-rays of 414 patients suffering from juvenile rheumatoid arthritis shows that: The wrist joint is the most commonly affected joint in the hand.The disease process is shown statistically to be less damaging in males than in females.Wrist disease leads to shortening of the ulna, and a high incidence of radial and ulnar deviation of the hand. The ulnar bayonet deformity is described.In the younger patients the most common finger deformity is flexion at the DIP and PIP joints,radial deviation of the hand is associated with flexion deformity of the fingers,ulnar deviation of the hand is associated with radial deviation of the index and middle fingers.Periostitis is usually followed by severe local joint changes.
- Published
- 1969
- Full Text
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37. Ergebnisse mit dem H-Span von B�ckdahl-Myrin bei der Behandlung der ulnaren Deviation der Finger
- Author
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K. Vainio and R. P. Jakob
- Subjects
Gynecology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,medicine ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Surgery ,General Medicine ,business - Abstract
Die Operation von Backdahl-Myrin fur die ulnare Deviation der Finger besteht in der Verspanung der Grundphalangen des Mittel- und Ringfingers. Die funktionellen und kosmetischen Ergebnisse unserer 32 Patienten waren in der Regel gut. Die Hauptursache fur Fehlschlage ist u. a. eine Luxation der metakarpophalangealen Gelenke. Das Verfahren eignet sich auch zur Behandlung einer schweren ulnaren Deviation und ist eine wertvolle Behandlungsmoglichkeit der rheumatoiden Hand.
- Published
- 1974
- Full Text
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38. Scanning Electron Microscopic Studies: Fibrocartilage Degeneration in Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Author
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M. Oka, A. M. Isomäki, H. Inoue, and K. Vainio
- Subjects
Adult ,Wrist Joint ,Adolescent ,Knee Joint ,Scanning electron microscope ,Immunology ,Triangular fibrocartilage ,Degeneration (medical) ,Meniscus (anatomy) ,Wrist ,Arthritis, Rheumatoid ,Desquamation ,Rheumatology ,medicine ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,Knee ,Child ,Microscopy ,Synovitis ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,Anatomy ,Middle Aged ,musculoskeletal system ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Child, Preschool ,Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ,Fibrocartilage ,Collagen ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
SummaryThe surface structure of the knee joint meniscus and the triangular fibrocartilage of the wrist in normal and RA joints were examined by scanning electron microscopy and histologically. The surface of the normal meniscus showed a regular pattern of ridges composed of closely woven collagen fibre bundles. In high-power views, the ridges were seen to be crossed by fine collagen fibrils. The surface of the triangular fibrocartilage was smoother than that of the knee meniscus.In RA, desquamation of the collagen fibre bundles was revealed as an early change; in more advanced cases also marked fraying of the bundles with inflammatory cells on the surface. These findings are discussed, particularly in relation to the hypothesis that the disintegration of the fibrocartilage is caused by activated lysosomal enzymes.
- Published
- 1971
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39. The Passage of Benorylate into the Synovial Fluid and Tissue of Rheumatoid Patients
- Author
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M. Hämäläinen, K. Vainio, R. G. Penn, and V. A. Laine
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Pathology ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Histology ,Synovectomy ,medicine.disease ,Gastroenterology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Rheumatology ,Internal medicine ,Rheumatoid arthritis ,Female patient ,medicine ,Synovial fluid ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Disease process ,Synovial membrane ,business ,Synovial tissue - Abstract
After a preliminary wash-out period of 3-7 days during which no anti-inflammatory drugs were given. 11 female patients with classical or definite rheumatoid arthritis were given 8 g of benorylate as the 40% suspension 3-7 days prior to synovectomy of the knee. Samples of synovial tissue and nuid from the affected knee were as- sayed for their content of benorylate, salicylate and paracetamol in an attempt to relate these concentrations to the length of medication and the severity of the disease process as measured clinicallj, by X-ray, by open inspection at operation and by histology of the synovial tissue. The esterase activity of the blood and synovial nuid was also measured by tbe capacity to hydrolyse benorylate used as substrate.
- Published
- 1973
- Full Text
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40. Healing of Extension Tendons in the Rabbit: A Scanning Electron Microscopic Study
- Author
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P. Rokkanen and K. Vainio
- Subjects
Loose connective tissue ,biology ,business.industry ,Scanning electron microscope ,Rabbit (nuclear engineering) ,Anatomy ,Fibrin ,Collagen fibril ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Fibrocyte ,biology.protein ,Medicine ,Surgery ,business ,Suture line ,Tendon healing - Abstract
Extensor tendon healing in the rabbit was studied, using scanning electron microscopy. At 3 days the suture line was covered with a large-meshed fibrin net containing various blood cells. Fibrocytes, probably derived from the adjacent loose connective tissue, were found in the fibrin net along with young collagen fibrils. After 1 week the fibrin-collagen net became denser and at 2 weeks the gap was bridged by contiguous collagen bundles.
- Published
- 1971
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41. Atrophy of the thumb web space in rheumatoid arthritis: clinical and electrodiagnostic studies
- Author
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M. Kondo, M. Lehtimaki, K. Ishikawa, P. Raunio, K. Vainio, and H. Pätiälä
- Subjects
musculoskeletal diseases ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Arthritis ,Wrist ,Thumb ,Arthritis, Rheumatoid ,Atrophy ,Ulnar tunnel syndrome ,medicine ,Humans ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Ulnar nerve ,business.industry ,Electrodiagnosis ,Nerve Compression Syndromes ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,body regions ,Muscular Atrophy ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Rheumatoid arthritis ,Orthopedic surgery ,Female ,business - Abstract
One hundred and twenty definite or classical rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with an average duration of the disease of 12.1 years were studied. Sixty-two patients had distinct atrophy of the first dorsal interosseous of the hand without definite signs of carpal, cubital, or ulnar tunnel syndrome (group A); 43 patients showed neither distinct atrophy nor sensory disturbance of either hand (group B). Other patients had sensory and/or motor disturbances due to carpal, cubital, or ulnar tunnel syndrome and other neuropathies. Electrodiagnostic examinations revealed that there were differences in the distal latency to the first dorsal interosseous muscle from the wrist between 24 group-A patients and 14 normal controls (P less than 0.05), and between the group-A patients and 12 group-B patients (P less than 0.1). The results of this study indicate that some RA patients with atrophy of the thumb web space may have compression neuropathy of the most distal branches of the ulnar nerve.
- Published
- 1987
42. Present stage of surgical treatment of rheumatoid arthritis
- Author
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K, Vainio
- Subjects
Male ,Knee Joint ,Joint Prosthesis ,Arthrodesis ,Pain ,Arthroplasty ,Osteotomy ,Arthritis, Rheumatoid ,Postoperative Complications ,Synovectomy ,Methods ,Humans ,Surgical Wound Infection ,Female ,Hip Joint - Published
- 1975
43. [Arthrodesis of the shoulder joint in rheumatoid arthritis (author's transl)]
- Author
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V, Rybka, P, Raúnio, and K, Vainio
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Adult ,Arthritis, Rheumatoid ,Postoperative Care ,Radiography ,Adolescent ,Shoulder Joint ,Age Factors ,Arthrodesis ,Humans ,Female ,Middle Aged - Published
- 1979
44. Arthroplasty of the elbow in rheumatoid arthritis
- Author
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K. Vainio and Ch. Kimura
- Subjects
musculoskeletal diseases ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Elbow ,Ankylosis ,Resection ,Arthroplasty ,Arthritis, Rheumatoid ,Elbow Joint ,medicine ,Humans ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Olecranon fossa ,Paresthesia ,Bone Resorption ,Ulnar nerve ,Ulnar Nerve ,Aged ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,Skin Transplantation ,Humerus ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,body regions ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Fractures, Spontaneous ,Rheumatoid arthritis ,Orthopedic surgery ,Female ,Range of motion ,business ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
The study consists of 208 elbow arthroplasties performed on rheumatoid arthritic patients. A straight resection of the joint was used in 53 cases and a modified Hass arthroplasty with skin interposition in 155 cases. The average postoperative range of motion in these groups was 100 degrees and 96 degrees respectively. Postoperatively the joint was painless in 81 and 67% of the elbows respectively. The Hass arthroplasty gave a better stability and extension power. The most common complications were paresthesias in the region of the ulnar nerve and bone resorption in the region of the ulnar nerve and bone resorption in the region of the olecranon fossa.
- Published
- 1976
45. Arthrodesis of the shoulder in rheumatoid arthritis: a review of forty-one cases
- Author
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V Rybka, K Vainio, and P Raunio
- Subjects
musculoskeletal diseases ,Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Time Factors ,Adolescent ,Shoulders ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Arthrodesis ,Movement ,Bony fusion ,Arthritis, Rheumatoid ,Immobilization ,Medicine ,Internal fixation ,Humans ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,business.industry ,Shoulder Joint ,Internal rotation ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Radiography ,Splints ,Rheumatoid arthritis ,Female ,business ,Splint (medicine) ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
Forty-one arthrodeses of the shoulder in thirty-nine patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis (thirty women, nine men) have been reviewed. Using internal fixation and external splints the position of the shoulder was maintained in 55 degrees of abduction, 25 degrees of horizontal flexion and enough internal rotation to allow the patient to reach the mouth. The mean period of immobilisation in a thoracobrachial splint was nine weeks, and 90 per cent of the shoulders had solid bony fusion at review. After arthrodesis the total range of scapulothoracic movement improved by about 60 per cent, giving results rated as excellent in fifteen cases (36 per cent), as good in thirteen (32 per cent) and as fair in thirteen (32 per cent). Arthrodesis can be recommended as an easy, cheap and reliable method of treating a shoulder which has been severely destroyed by rheumatoid arthritis.
- Published
- 1979
46. Surgical treatment of arthritis mutilans
- Author
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K, VAINIO and T, PULKKI
- Subjects
Arthritis ,Humans ,Disease ,Hand - Published
- 1959
47. Scanning electron microsopic studies of extensor tendon degeneration in rheumatoid arthritis
- Author
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H, Inoue, H, Julkunen, M, Oka, and K, Vainio
- Subjects
Adult ,Arthritis, Rheumatoid ,Inflammation ,Male ,Rupture ,Tendons ,Tendon Injuries ,Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ,Humans ,Female ,Middle Aged - Published
- 1970
48. Operativ-orthopädische Therapie
- Author
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K. Vainio
- Abstract
In diesem Kapitel wird nur die operative Behandlung der chronischen Polyarthritis (pcP) und der Spondylarthritis ankylopoetica (Sp.a.) behandelt. Uber chirurgische Masnahmen in der Behandlung von Gicht und Arthrose siehe entsprechende Kapitel dieses Buches. Dieses Kapitel beruht zum grosten Teil auf meinen personlichen Erfahrungen am Krankenhaus der Rheumastiftung, in dem jahrlich etwa 2000 Operationen an Patienten mit pcP ausgefuhrt werden.
- Published
- 1970
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. [Indications for orthopedic surgery in rheumatoid arthritis]
- Author
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K, Vainio
- Subjects
Arthritis, Rheumatoid ,Male ,Tendons ,Synovectomy ,Humans ,Female - Published
- 1967
50. Ankylosing spondylitis. Report of one case studied with histology, tetracycline bone labelling, microradiography and scanning electron microscopy
- Author
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H. Julkunen, K. Vainio, and H. Inoue
- Subjects
musculoskeletal diseases ,Cartilage, Articular ,Male ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Sacrum ,Scanning electron microscope ,Tetracycline ,Immunology ,Osteocytes ,Fluorescence ,Ilium ,Femoral head ,Rheumatology ,Labelling ,medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,Humans ,Spondylitis, Ankylosing ,Aged ,Ankylosing spondylitis ,Lumbar Vertebrae ,business.industry ,Ossification, Heterotopic ,Decalcification Technique ,Histology ,Femur Head ,Sacroiliac Joint ,General Medicine ,Anatomy ,medicine.disease ,Microradiography ,Lumbar vertebral body ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Bridge (graph theory) ,Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ,Autopsy ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
SummaryOne autopsy case of ankylosing spondylitis was studied with histology, tetracycline bone labelling, microradiography and scanning electron microscopy. A focus of inflammatory cells was found beneath the anterior periost of a lumbar vertebral body and early marginal syndesmophytes were demonstrated by histology and microradiography. Tetracycline bone labelling showed new bone formation within osteophytes attempting to bridge an intervertebral facet joint. Scanning electron microscopy showed degeneration of femoral head articular cartilage while articular cartilage of an unfused portion of a sacro-iliac joint showed no definite changes with respect to equivalent controls.
- Published
- 1971
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