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In this study, the productivity level of agricultural lands in the central and district villages of Kilis province was investigated. For this purpose, texture, pH, EC, CaCO3, organic matter, phosphorus and potassium analyzes were made in the samples taken from 0-30 cm depth of the soil. To determine some physical and chemical analyzes of the soil, 40 soil samples were evaluated in terms of productivity. According to the findings, the agricultural soils of Kilis province have a slightly alkaline reaction, 55% are clayey, 30% are clay loam, 15% have loam texture, 12.5% of the soils are very low in terms of organic matter content. 50% were in the low, 32.5% moderate and 5% good class. It has been determined that the agricultural soils of Kilis province are generally unsalted, 2.5% lime, 67.5% moderately lime, 22.5% highly lime and 7.5% too high lime. It has been revealed that high lime content in agricultural soils limits the availability of some important nutrients such as phosphorus. Agricultural soils in Kilis province have sufficient potassium, 24% of them have very low phosphorus content, 14% are low and 2% are in the middle class. For a continuous and efficient plant production, the nutrient removed from the soil must be added to the soil again. Producers Kilis province produce in these soils with high lime and low organic matter without fertilization. Nutrients in the soil are consumed by plants over the years. As a result of this process, the fertility of the soil decreases and the product yield decreases. Producers of our province limit the use of mineral fertilizers for economic reasons. Due to the weed problem, farm manure is not preferred. According to the results of the soil analysis, the required amount of fertilizer should be applied during the periods when there are nutritional problems in the agricultural lands where field crops and vegetables are grown in Kilis and when the plants need it. In addition, importance should be given to the use of organic fertilizers and thus sustainable fertility of the soil should be ensured. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Beşir Fuad was born in Istanbul in 1852 (?). After a multi-level education in Fatih Secondary School, Aleppo Jesuit School, Military High School, and Military School, he was appointed to the aide of Sultan Abdulaziz in 1873. He resigned from military service in 1881 and devoted himself entirely to writing and publishing. In his very short writing life, he published more than 200 articles and sixteen books on various subjects. Beşir Fuad is one of the remarkable names of the Tanzimat in terms of the history of thought and criticism. According to him, what is truly admirable in literature is the naked expression of truth. Beşir Fuad prefers science to literature, but he believes that a literary work based on positive sciences will be as beneficial to society as a scientific work. He approaches literary works from the point of being useful to society, provided that they are realistic and natural, and makes evaluations. Beşir Fuad tries to use his pen as much as possible in line with the "objective criticism method" in his works and especially in his critical writings. He wants the critics to act in accordance with this method; emphasizes that they should present their writings in this framework. He believes that writings in this way will give good results in terms of works of art, artists, and readers, and will be beneficial. He notes that such writings are effective not only for a literary life but also for the arrangement and beautification of personal and social life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The semiwild population of Northern Bald Ibises (Geronticus eremita) at Birecik, Turkey, are the final representatives of the Eastern population of the species in the Middle East, apart from a few captive birds in Turkish zoos. This study took place between 2012 and 2015. Breeding is highly synchronized among the colony and incubation behavior was monitored for multiple nests throughout the day. Differences were found when incubation duty period was examined according to sex. In 2013, the incubation period varied significantly between males and females (F = 71.059, P < 0.001). The female incubated eggs for 178.42 min per day on average, while the male incubated for 233.69 min per day on average. A significant difference in incubation was determined between males and females (F = 91.260, P < 0.001) in 2014. Females sat on eggs for 188.06 min on average, while males sat on eggs for 244.13 min on average. In 2015 the incubation period varied significantly by sex, similar to previous years (F = 79.871, P < 0.001). The female incubated for 159.66 min in average, while the male incubated for 223.07 min on average. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Valproic acid (VPA) is an antiepileptic drug that has been used for various indications. VPA intoxication is frequent because of its narrow therapeutic range and widespread prescription for different clinical situations. We reported a pediatric VPA intoxication case who was treated with hemodialysis. A 14-year-old previously healthy girl was admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit three hours after ingestion of 15 tablets of controlled release VPA (7500 mg) VPA ingestion for suicidal attempt. She was lethargic while other physical examination findings were normal. Serum VPA level was 347.8 µg/mL on admission. Blood gas analysis revealed high anion gap metabolic acidosis and elevation of lactate. Because of metabolic acidosis is indicating poor prognosis, hemodialysis was performed. After four hours of hemodialysis her consciousness was improved and serum VPA level decreased and blood gas analysis revealed normal pH and lactate level. After the first hemodialysis session, the serum VPA level continued to decrease and there was no abnormality on blood gas analysis during follow-up. She was discharged on the third day of her hospitalization. Hemodialysis treatment is effective in VPA intoxication because it removes the drug and treats the acidosis. In this case report, it is shown that in case of high amount of VPA ingestion especially controlled release drug and early initiation of metabolic acidosis, performing hemodialysis before the organ failure symptoms would be protective for further organ failure development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) and progressive relapsing multiple sclerosis (PRMS) are the types of MS that are mainly characterized by progression from the onset. Because of their rare prevalence the knowledge is less than other forms in the literature. Hence, the aim of this study is to exhibit the clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with progressive onset MS (POMS). Method: POMS were evaluated between 2010 and 2014; demographic and clinical characteristics and cerebro-spinal fluid (CSF) findings were assessed. Results: The data of 32 patients with POMS was evaluated. The disease course was progressive without any relapse (PPMS) in 24 patients, whereas 8 patients experienced relapses (PRMS). The female/male ratio was 1 in total POMS population. The median age of onset was 40 (23-55) years in the whole group. There was no significant difference in median onset age between two subgroups (p=0.053). The most common presentation symptom was motor disturbances. Relapses occurred in the first 10 years of the disease in all patients. No difference was detected between groups according to oligoclonal band (OCB) positivity and increased IgG index (p=0.938, p=0.058) in the CSF analysis. Although the duration of disease was similar for two groups, the median EDSS score was higher in PPMS patients at the time of evaluation (p=0.020). Conclusion: This is the first study focusing on clinical course and laboratory findings of Turkish POMS patients. The comparison of clinical and laboratory findings of two groups mainly showed similar results. Future studies with larger sample size are needed to clarify if any difference exists between groups for the onset age and frequency of raised IgG index. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Laboratory studies such as electroencephalography, cerebrospinal fluid examination and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI-MRI) are valuable in the diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease (CJD), . However, these laboratory studies may not show the characteristic findings in the very early stage of the disease. Here, we present a case of CJD who had atypical neurologic presentation initially and had only a focal parietal 2-(18F) fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) hypometabolism as the sole imaging abnormality at the beginning. The patient progressed rapidly, and showed typical neurological findings for CJD. The brain MRI was performed two weeks after the FDG-PET study, finally demonstrated increased signal intensity in DWI in caudat nucleus, putamen, and cerebral cortex, especially on left parietal region. Imaging methods demonstrating functional alterations in the brain should be obtained in the early period in patients with normal MRI suspected having CJD. Repeating DWI could also be an effective diagnostic approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

M. E. Yurdakul who has an important place as national, public and social poet in Turkish literature, opened an epoch based mainly on freedom of Turkish language with his poetry, such as examining public life by the languagee of the public. The life styles and values he observed and acknowledged in both simple life of his family environment and his social environment became major influence in shaping the principles of his art. Then he used the life in Anatolia with large number of people as subjectmatter of his portry. His poetry reccurently includes desolate young ladies and old women with their poor lives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is investigation of wall stone reproducibility using expanded perlite aggregate as a main raw material. For this purpose, production parameters (burning period, burning temperature, pressing pressure ratio, chemical additive ratio, dimension analysis and water/solid (w/s) ratio and also engineering parameters such as weight per unit of volume, mechanical properties of produced control brick (with a dimension of 50x100x100 mm) were determined and optimized. The most effective values for the brick production were designated by changing optimization parameters like pressing pressure, burning temperature, burning period, holding (curing) time. As a result of the study, the lowest value of weight per unit of volume and the highest value of compressive strength were ascertained as 522.5±48.3 kg/m3 and 12.13±0.13 kg/cm2 respectively for the samples which were produced at 50 bar pressure and 200ºC temperature with 1 h burning period and w/s ratio of 1.0. However, obtained compressive strength values for the control sample produced without using binder were found to lower the standards of TS EN 771-1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intracranial lipomas are regarded as congenital malformations of the meninx primitiva. Here we present two patients with pericallosal lipomas extending to the thalamus. They had generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Electroencephalograms showed generalized spike-wave discharges. It is known that the thalamus is important in the formation of sleep spindles and spike-wave discharges. Thalamic involvement by lipomas may play a role in the generation of generalized spike-wave discharges and epileptogenesis in these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

19th century European enlightenment's affect the field of thought and life all over the world is named modernism. The main feature of modernism is that based on science the rationality, and on life the profane. Firstly yields of this new way of living led to criticism the form of ancient life and belief those are named tradition. Traditional values defended himself against the modernism. These values defeated one by one, was estimated that thought based on divine will be departured. And modern values will be settled in their place. However modernism although his effort, could not overcome the "divine". many of the traditions evolved and has adapted to new life. For a while Islamic civilization naturally resisted the compelling change. But gave up from this and sought to creature unique values in the new world. Separating the modernization from the Europeanism on the one hand while trying to preserve the original values on the other hand started look for ways of keeping up with the times. Cannot be said yet the Islamic civilization in this process that wants to cherish "ancient" with "modernes" provided consensus on the discussion and reached the conclusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Ca-rich water and wastewater have caused problems in water use, wastewater reuse and the operations of reactors treating Ca-rich wastewater. Nowadays, reuse of wastewaters is fast gaining importance as water sources have been polluted. Therefore, the concept of biocatalytic calcification reactors (BCR) based on urea hydrolysis, pH increase and calcite production has been studied to remove Ca from wastewaters. This biological process produces significant amounts of waste sludge. In the present study, Cr(VI) adsorption on the ureolytic mixed culture (UMC) waste by-product from BCR was investigated to evaluate its potential for metal removal. The biosorption process was investigated using equilibrium batch tests and the data were fit to the Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherm models. The Cr(VI) ion concentration dependence of sorption (1–100mg/L) could be fit to the Langmuir isotherm model. Monolayer adsorption capacity, q m (mg/g), of the adsorbent was 8.67 and the Langmuir constant b (L/mg) was 0.881. Based on the obtained results, the waste UMC appears to be a potential biosorbent for the removal of Cr(VI) from wastewater, although its adsorptive capacity is lower than those of other biosorbents. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Objective Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), characterized by fever, inflammation, and multiorgan dysfunction, was newly defined after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. The clinical spectrum of MIS-C can be classified as mild, moderate, and severe. We aimed to evaluate demographics, clinical presentations, laboratory findings, and treatment modalities of patients with MIS-C according to clinical severity. Methods We performed a retrospective study of patients who were diagnosed as having MIS-C between September 2020 and October 2021 in the Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Faculty of Medicine, Türkiye. Results A total of 48 patients (24 females and 24 males) with a median age at diagnosis of 10.3 years (range: 42 months–17 years) were enrolled, the most common clinical severity of MIS-C was moderate. The common presentations of patients were fever (97%), nonpurulent conjunctivitis (89.6%), rashes (81.3%), fatigue (81.3%), strawberry tongue (79.2%), and myalgia (68.8%). The most common laboratory findings were lymphopenia (81.2%), thrombocytopenia (54.1%), elevated D-dimer levels (89.5%), C-reactive protein (CRP; 100%), procalcitonin (97%), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (87.5%), ferritin (95.8%), interleukin 6 (IL-6) (86.1%), and probrain natriuretic peptide (pro-BNP) (97%). High levels of CRP, procalcitonin, pro-BNP, and urea were associated with the severity of MIS-C (p < 0.05). Fifteen of the patients were found to have pulmonary involvement. Ascites were the most common finding on abdominal ultrasonography (11 patients) and were not seen in a mild form of the disease. During the study period, two patients died. Conclusion It is important to make patient-based decisions and apply a stepwise approach in treating patients with MIS-C due to the increased risk of complications and mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/aim: Malnutrition is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD). In this study, we aimed to screen for malnutrition and geriatric syndromes and seek their associations in patients with AD. Materials and methods: The Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), Katz Activities of Daily Living (ADL), and Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) tests were applied. Mean daily oral fluid intake was assessed according to patients' and relatives' declarations. Results: Seventy-six patients with a mean age of 79 ± 7.4 years were included. Most of the patients had mild or moderate dementia. Malnutrition was associated with increased rates of hospitalization and falls, dysphagia, insomnia, agitation, delusions, hallucinations, immobility, and incontinence. A daily fluid intake of <1100 mL was associated with malnutrition risk. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed independent correlations of lower MNA score with lower ADL score, lower daily oral fluid intake, lower MMSE score, and female sex. Conclusion: Dependency, inadequate fluid intake, advanced dementia stage, and female sex were independently associated with malnutrition. Malnutrition also seemed to be associated with sleep disturbances, psychological problems, immobility, falls, and increased hospitalization risk in these patients. Daily oral fluid intake may be a practical tool in the screening of malnutrition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) of γ-irradiated single crystals of cholesteryl methyl carbonate (C 29 H 48 O 3 ) has been studied for different orientations of the crystals in a magnetic field. EPR spectra of cholesteryl methyl carbonate (C 29 H 48 O 3 irradiated by 60 Co - γ were recorded between 125 K and 300 K for different orientations of the crystal in the magnetic field. The spectra were found to be temperature independent. In C 29 H 48 O 3 single crystal, the radiation damage centers caused by a 60 Co - γ source were determined as CH ̇ 3 CH 2 CH radical. For CH ̇ 3 CH 2 CH radical, a value of spectroscopic splitting factor g was calculated and experimentally results were supported by simulation program (WinEPR). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]