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Objective: Computed Tomography Urography (CTU) is an imaging method used to assess the kidneys, ureters, and bladder in the excretory phase by computed tomography (CT) with intravenous contrast media (IVCM). Our aim is to compare the five different methods performed for patient preparation prior to CTU, and to demonstrate their superiorities and disadvantages compared to each other. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 patients who underwent CTU scans with an indication as a result of their examinations were included in our study. These cases were randomly divided into 5 groups of 20. Water was applied to the first group. Saline was administered to the second group. In the third group, 0.1 mg/kg furosemide was administered intravenously following a 250 mL saline. Intravenous furosemide was administered to the fourth group. Intravenous furosemide was administered to the fifth group after they received water. Ureters were compared with each other according to the degree of opacification in proximal, medial, and distal segments in standard CTU. Results: By comparing the groups in pairs; there was a significant difference between Group II and the other four groups for the proximal ureter segment, and between Group II and Group III and IV for the medial and distal ureter segments (P

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Primary malignant mesothelioma of the liver is extremely rare, and radiologic features have been defined in only one case. We present radiologic findings of two cases which are pathologically proven as primary malignant mesothelioma of the liver. Malignant mesothelioma of the liver may be included in a differential diagnosis list if there is a heterogeneous, hemorrhagic and necrotic lesion in the liver, with peripheral serpiginous vascular structures and increasing septal enhancement in post-contrast images.

Benign intratesticular lesions are rare; thus, radiological diagnosis is important to avoid unnecessary surgical intervention. Testicular adrenal rest tumors (TART) are the nodular testicular lesions deriving from the adrenal remnant tissue reported in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia. We present ultrasonographic (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of intratesticular adrenal rests in a 16-year-old patient with 11 beta hydroxylase deficiency. Scrotal ultrasonography demonstrated bilateral heterogenous hypoechoic lesions located around mediastinum testis and highly vascularized on powerDoppler US. On MRI the lesions were hyperintense on T1-weighted and hypointense on T2-weighted images and enhanced brightly on post-contrast images.

To determine the utility of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values in differentiation of prostate cancer from normal prostate parenchyma and prostatitis we obtained ADC values of 50 patients at b 100, 600 and 1,000 s/mm(2) diffusion gradients. The ADC values of prostate cancer group were significantly lower than normal prostate and prostatitis group at b 600 and 1,000 s/mm(2) gradients. The ADC values at high diffusion gradients may be used in differentiation prostate cancer from normal prostate and prostatitis.

Fahr hastalığı, bilateral ve hemen daima simetrik olarak bazal ganglionlarda, subkortikal nükleuslarda ve beyaz cevherde kalsiyum ve diğer minerallerin depolandığı nadir bir hastalıktır. Klinik görünüm değişken olup nöbetler, rijidite ve demansla birlikte olabileceği gibi hiç bir nörolojik anormalliğin olmadığı olgular da olabilir. Fahr hastalığının tanısında yararlı bir görüntüleme tekniği olarak Bilgisayarlı Tomografi kullanılabilir. Biz, hastalıkla ilişkili bulgusu olmayan ve aşırı kalsifikasyonlara bağlı kognitif fonksiyon bozukluğu olan iki Fahr hastalıklı olgu sunuyoruz., Fahr's disease is a rare disorder where bilateral, almost symmetric, calcium and other mineral deposits occur in basal ganglia, subcortical nuclei and white matter. The clinical pattern is variable and may be associated with seizures, rigidity, and dementia. Also cases with Fahr's disease may present without neurological abnormalities. Computed tomography may be used to for the diagnosis of Fahr's disease as an useful imaging technique. We present two cases with Fahr's disease. One of them had no symptoms related to disease and the other patient had a cognitive function disorders due to extensive calcifications.

Duplications are rare congenital anomalies which can be found in the gastrointestinal system from mouth to anus. Bleeding, intussusception, intestinal obstruction, volvulus and malignancy can complicate cystic duplications. A perforated cecal duplication cyst was detected in a 7-year-old boy operated with the findings of acute abdomen. The cyst was totally excised and the case is presented as a rare cause of acute abdomen.. ©2005, Fırat Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi, Duplikasyonlar gastrointestinal sistemde ağızdan anüse kadar herhangi bir yerde görülebilen nadir konjenital anomalilerdir. Kistik duplikasyonların kanama, invajinasyon, barsak obstrüksiyonu, volvulus, malignite gibi komplikasyonları görülebilir. Akut batın bulguları ile ameliyat edilen yedi yaşındaki erkek olguda, çekumda yerleşmiş ve perfore olmuş duplikasyon kisti tespit edildi. Total kist eksizyonu uygulanan olgu nadir bir akut batın nedeni olduğu için sunuldu.©2005, Fırat Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi

A surgical sponge accidentally left in a surgical wound, called a textiloma or gossypiboma, is underreported in literature due to medicolegal consequences. Abdominal textiloma may be asymptomatic or present serious gastrointestinal complications such as bowel obstruction, perforation or fistula formation because of misdiagnosis. It may mimic abscess formation in early stage or soft-tissue masses in chronic stage. If there is an intraabdominal abscess resistant to catheter drainage in the postoperative period or an intraabdominal soft tissue mass with a history of previous surgery, textiloma should be included in the differential diagnosis.Whirl-like spongiform pattern especially on CT, well-defined border and fibrous capsule especially on MRI can help in the diagnosis of textiloma. We describe a case of intraabdominal textiloma mimicking abscess and soft tissue tumour on CT and MRI examination.

Stab injury of the thoracic aorta is a rare condition with high mortality rate. Patients must be evaluated carefully, and the diagnosis usually should be confirmed by radiological modalities. In this case, we report a 37-year-old man presented with a penetrating stab injury to the upper back and the thoracic aorta, and the diagnostic role of computed tomography is discussed.

ÖZET Alt ekstremite arteriyookluziv hastalıklarında dijital subtraksiyon anjiyografı (DSA) referans kabul edilerek manyetik rezonans anjiyografı (MRA) 'nin etkinliği değerlendirildi. Ocak 1997- Temmuz 1997 tarihleri arasında bölümümüze alt ekstremite arteriyookluziv hastalığı düşünülerek gönderilen yaşları 25 ile 73 arasında değişen (ortalama 53.3 yaş) 4 kadın, 35 erkek toplam 39 olguya sıralama gözetmeksizin DSA ve MRA tetkikleri yapıldı. MRA incelemesi 1.5-T Gyroscan MR üniti (Philips Medical Systems ) ile 2D TOF (TR / TE 23 / 5.4 ms, FA 20°-60°) tekniği ile abdominal aorta distalinden trifıkasyona kadar üç basamak halinde 4 mm'lik 100' er kesit alınarak yapıldı. Abdomen ve uylukta vücut koili, diz bölgesinde diz koili kullanıldı. Arteriyal ağaç 21 segmente (toplam 819 segment) bölünerek (distal abdominal aorta, sağ ve sol ana iliak, eksternal iliak, internal iliak, ana femoral, derin femoral, yüzeyel femoral, popliteal, anterior tibial, posterior tibial, peroneal) her bir segment açıklık (% 0), hafif stenoz (% 1-49), orta derecede stenoz (% 50-69), şiddetli stenoz (% 70-99) ve oklüzyon (% 100) açısından değerlendirildi. Tüm segmentlerin incelenmesinde her iki teknikle 662 segment normal, 10 segment hafif stenoz, 4 segment orta derecede stenoz, 7 segment şiddetli stenoz ve 121 segment tam oklüzyonolarak değerlendirildi. Yani 819 segmentin 804' ünde bulgular aynıydı. 2 segment DSA'da normal iken MRA'da tam oklüzyon ve 2 segment DSA'da hafif stenoz varken MRA'da normal olarak değerlendirildi. 11 segmentteki lezyonlar MRA ile, DSA'da izlenenden daha yüksek oranda değerlendirildi. Tüm segmentler göze alındığında MRA'nm sensitivitesi % 98.6, spesifitesi % 98, pozitif prediktif değeri % 91.6 ve negatif prediktif değeri % 99.6 olarak bulundu. Alt ekstremite arteriyookluziv patolojilerinde noninvaziv bir inceleme metodu olarak MRA, yüksek sensitivite ve spesifite ile kullanılabilir. 90 SUMMARY Magnetic Resonance Angiography in Lower Extremity Arterioocclusive Diseases The efficiency of magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) in lower extremity arterioocclusive diseases was investigated with the referance of digital substraction angiography (DSA). Both DSA and MRA were performed in 39 patients, 35 men and 4 women, who were transferred to Radiology Department with the suspicion of lower extremity arterioocclusive disease between January 1997 and July 1997. The mean age was 53.3 years (range 25 and 73). MRA examination was done with 1.5 -T Gyroscan MR unit (Philips Medical Systems) by using 2D TOF (TR /TE: 23/ 5.4 ms, FA 20°-60°) technique starting from distal aorta to the trifurcation in three steps, 100 slices were taken, each slice 4 mm. Body coil for abdomen and tight, knee coil for the knee were used. Arterial tree was divided into 21 segments (819 segments, totally) (distal part of abdominal aorta, right and left common iliac, external iliac, internal iliac, main femoral, deep and superficial femoral, popliteal, anterior tibial, posterior tibial and peroneal), and each segment was evaluated according to the percent of stenosis: 0 % open, 1-49 % slight stenosis, 50-69 % moderate stenosis, 70-99 % severe stenosis and 100 % complete occlusion.91 Six hundred-sixty two segments were normal, slight stenosis was detected in 10, moderate stenosis in 4, severe stenosis in 7 and complete occlusion in 121 in both techniques. The results were same in 804 of 819 segments. Two segments were normal in DSA but MRA revealed complete occlusion in those two segments.-On the contrary, DSA showed slight stenosis in two segments but those were normal in MRA. Eleven segments were overestimated in MRA when compared with DSA. The sensitivity and specificity of MRA were 98.6 % and 98 %, respectively. The positive predictive value was 91.6 % and the negative predictive value was 99.6 %. MRA, being a non-invasive method, can be used in lower extremity arterioocclusive diseases with very high sensitivity and specificity rates. 104