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9. Biological responses to change in Antarctic sea ice habitats

Author

Swadling, Kerrie M., primary, Constable, Andrew J., additional, Fraser, Alexander D., additional, Massom, Robert A., additional, Borup, Melanie D., additional, Ghigliotti, Laura, additional, Granata, Antonia, additional, Guglielmo, Letterio, additional, Johnston, Nadine M., additional, Kawaguchi, So, additional, Kennedy, Fraser, additional, Kiko, Rainer, additional, Koubbi, Philippe, additional, Makabe, Ryosuke, additional, Martin, Andrew, additional, McMinn, Andrew, additional, Moteki, Masato, additional, Pakhomov, Evgeny A., additional, Peeken, Ilka, additional, Reimer, Jody, additional, Reid, Phillip, additional, Ryan, Ken G., additional, Vacchi, Marino, additional, Virtue, Patti, additional, Weldrick, Christine K., additional, Wongpan, Pat, additional, and Wotherspoon, Simon J., additional

Published
2023
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17. Testing Bergmann's rule in marine copepods

Author

Campbell, Max D., primary, Schoeman, David S., additional, Venables, William, additional, Abu‐Alhaija, Rana, additional, Batten, Sonia D., additional, Chiba, Sanae, additional, Coman, Frank, additional, Davies, Claire H., additional, Edwards, Martin, additional, Eriksen, Ruth S., additional, Everett, Jason D., additional, Fukai, Yutaka, additional, Fukuchi, Mitsuo, additional, Esquivel Garrote, Octavio, additional, Hosie, Graham, additional, Huggett, Jenny A., additional, Johns, David G., additional, Kitchener, John A., additional, Koubbi, Philippe, additional, McEnnulty, Felicity R., additional, Muxagata, Erik, additional, Ostle, Clare, additional, Robinson, Karen V., additional, Slotwinski, Anita, additional, Swadling, Kerrie M., additional, Takahashi, Kunio T., additional, Tonks, Mark, additional, Uribe‐Palomino, Julian, additional, Verheye, Hans M., additional, Wilson, William H., additional, Worship, Marco M., additional, Yamaguchi, Atsushi, additional, Zhang, Wuchang, additional, and Richardson, Anthony J., additional

Published
2021
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20. Lipid components as a measure of nutritional condition in fish larvae (Pleuragramma antarcticum) in East Antarctica

Author

Giraldo, Carolina, Mayzaud, Patrick, Tavernier, Eric, Irisson, Jean-Olivier, Penot, Florian, Becciu, Jonathan, Chartier, Amelie, Boutoute, Marc, and Koubbi, Philippe

Subjects
Fishes -- Larvae, Biological sciences
Abstract

Pleuragramma antarcticum is a key component of the neritic assemblages in the Antarctic coastal waters. Larvae of this species were sampled from 2008 to 2011 in the Dumont d'Urville Sea (East Antarctica). The lipid class composition [triacylglycerols (TAG), cholesterol (Chol) and polar lipids (PL)] of larvae was measured to assess the larval condition. The total amount of lipids was linearly related to the quantity of structural polar lipids, suggesting that growth is favored over lipid storage. The TAG:Chol ratio showed interannual variability in the condition of fish larvae, probably related to prey availability. Nevertheless, the essential fatty acids composition of polar lipids illustrates that larvae with low levels of TAG:Chol could be either growing or under starvation. Only the combination of a low TAG:Chol ratio and low polar lipids content, which can also be mobilized during starvation periods, allowed identification of larvae in poor condition. This lipid condition index should be of great assistance to evaluate the probability of survival of P. antarcticum larvae in long-term monitoring. It has widespread applicability and should also be useful in the diagnosis of nutritional condition in other species., Introduction In Antarctic, the quantification of the stock-recruitment relationships remains a difficult problem in fish ecology. One of the reasons is that early life stages, as a critical part of [...]

Published
2013
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22. Productivity and Change in Fish and Squid in the Southern Ocean

Author

Caccavo, Jilda Alicia, primary, Christiansen, Henrik, additional, Constable, Andrew J., additional, Ghigliotti, Laura, additional, Trebilco, Rowan, additional, Brooks, Cassandra M., additional, Cotte, Cédric, additional, Desvignes, Thomas, additional, Dornan, Tracey, additional, Jones, Christopher D., additional, Koubbi, Philippe, additional, Saunders, Ryan A., additional, Strobel, Anneli, additional, Vacchi, Marino, additional, van de Putte, Anton P., additional, Walters, Andrea, additional, Waluda, Claire M., additional, Woods, Briannyn L., additional, and Xavier, José C., additional

Published
2021
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27. Identification of Regions in the IOTC Convention Area to Inform the Implementation of the Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management

Author

Juan Jorda, Maria-josé, Nieblas, Anne-elise, Murua, Hilario, De Bruyn, Paul, Bonhommeau, Sylvain, Dickey Collas, Mark, Dalleau, Mayeul, Fiorello, Fabio, Hayes, Donna, Jatmiko, Irwan, Koubbi, Philippe, Koya, Mohammed, Kroese, Marcel, Marsac, Francis, Pepin, Pierre, Shahid, Umair, Thoya, Pascal, Tsuji, Sachiko, and Wolfaardt, Anton

Abstract

WPEB14 recommended to convene a workshop in 2019 to provide advice on the identification of draft ecoregions to foster discussions on the operationalization of the ecosystem approach to fisheries management (EAFM) in the Indian Ocean Tuna Commission (IOTC) convention area. This workshop entitled “Identification of regions in the IOTC convention area to inform the implementation of the ecosystem approach to fisheries management” took place the 30th, 31st of August and 1st of September 2019 in La Reunion Island. The workshop gathered 17 participants with a wide range of expertise in IOTC species and fisheries and oceanography of the Indian Ocean. Prior to the workshop, a consultant was hired to prepare a baseline draft proposal of ecoregions to be presented and discussed at the workshop by all the participants. The workshop was structured into seven sessions. In the first session, the experience of developing and using ecoregions in NAFO, ICES, CCAMLR and the NPFMC in the USA were presented to the Group. The Group discussed the potential benefits and uses of ecoregions in the context of these organizations and in the context of IOTC species and fisheries. In the second session, an overview of the current existing biogeographic classifications in the Indian Ocean, which are often used to inform the delineation of ecoregion boundaries, were presented to the Group, and their relevance in the context of IOTC species and its fisheries were discussed. In the third session, a check list of evaluation criteria was presented to the Group in order to inform discussions of what factors and considerations could be used for the development of the draft ecoregions. The Group agreed that ecological factors including (i) major oceanographic patterns, (ii) main distribution of IOTC species (tunas, billfishes, neritics), in combination with (iii) the spatial distribution of IOTC fisheries (coastal and industrial fisheries) should be the primary factors to be considered in the development of initial draft ecoregions. Other considerations such as geopolitical factors were also discussed, but not considered primary factors. In the fourth session, existing data sets were revised, presented and discussed in terms of availability, quality and completeness to guide the choice of key data inputs for deriving the draft ecoregions. The data sets included (i) existing biogeographic classifications, (ii) spatial distribution and catches of IOTC species (oceanic tunas, neritics, sharks, other bycatch species), (iii) spatial distributions of IOTC fisheries (baitboats, longlines, gillnets, purse seines, etc.) and (iv) “other” potentially relevant data layers. A selection of “good” quality data sets was used as inputs in the quantitative spatial analysis to develop the baseline draft ecoregions to be discussed by the group. In the fifth session, several quantitative spatial analyses were presented and discussed by the Group. These included several spatial overlap analyses, calculations of fidelity and sensitivity indicators to examine species and fisheries composition across multiple biogeographic provinces, and clustering analyses to group biogeographic provinces according to their similarity in terms of species composition, fisheries composition and both species and fishery composition. The Group provided feedback on the technical aspects and methods used in the derivation of the baseline ecoregions. In the sixth session, three baseline ecoregions were presented and discussed by the Group. The first ecoregion classification was based on similarities of the spatial patterns in species composition, the second on the spatial patterns of fisheries, and the third on the spatial patterns of both species and fisheries. In the seventh session, the three baseline ecoregion classifications in combination with expert knowledge were used to derive draft ecoregions within the IOTC convention area, and the Group discussed conclusions and future steps. The draft ecoregions are not intended to be used for management purposes. At this stage, the benefits and potential uses (e.g. development of ecosystem report cards, ecosystem status overviews, etc.) of the draft ecoregions should be tested as a tool to facilitate the operationalization of the EAFM in IOTC. The Group requested that the WPEB reviews and comments on the delineation of the draft ecoregions and provides ongoing feedback. The Group also requested that the WPEB communicates with the rest of the WPs to solicit feedback on the draft ecoregions. The Group recommended that the WPEB endorses the draft ecoregions for further development as a tool to progress EAFM implementation (e.g. ecosystem report card, ecosystem overviews, fisheries overviews).

Published
2020

28. Low-diversity bacterial microbiota in Southern Ocean representatives of lanternfish genera Electrona, Protomyctophum and Gymnoscopelus (family Myctophidae)

Author

Gallet, Alison, Koubbi, Philippe, Léger, Nelly, Scheifler, Mathilde, Ruiz-Rodriguez, Magdalena, Suzuki, Marcelino T., Desdevises, Yves, Duperron, Sébastien, Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes (MCAM), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UFR 918 Terre - environnement - Biodiversité, Structure et fonctionnement des systèmes hydriques continentaux (SISYPHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Mines Paris - PSL (École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Biologie intégrative des organismes marins (BIOM), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Biotechnologies Microbiennes (LBBM), PIERRE FABRE-EDF (EDF)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Laboratoire d'Océanographie Microbienne (LOMIC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)

Subjects
Gills, DNA, Bacterial, Oceans and Seas, Science, Respiratory System, Mollicutes, Marine Biology, Microbial Genomics, Microbiology, Bodies of water, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Oceans, Genetics, Medicine and Health Sciences, Animals, Marine Fish, Seawater, Animal Anatomy, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, Principal Component Analysis, Bacteria, Microbiota, Organisms, Fishes, Biology and Life Sciences, Eukaryota, Genomics, Biodiversity, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, Marine and aquatic sciences, Gastrointestinal Tract, Intestines, Earth sciences, Antarctic Ocean, Fish, Aquatic Respiratory Anatomy, Medical Microbiology, Vertebrates, Animal Fins, Medicine, Microbiome, Anatomy, Zoology, Digestive System, Research Article
Abstract

International audience; Myctophids are among the most abundant mesopelagic teleost fishes worldwide. They are dominant in the Southern Ocean, an extreme environment where they are important both as consumers of zooplankton as well as food items for larger predators. Various studies have investigated myctophids diet, but no data is yet available regarding their associated microbiota, despite that the significance of bacterial communities to fish health and adaptation is increasingly acknowledged. In order to document microbiota in key fish groups from the Southern Ocean, the bacterial communities associated with the gut, fin, gills and light organs of members of six species within the three myctophid genera Electrona, Protomyctophum and Gymnoscopelus were characterized using a 16S rRNA-based metabarcoding approach. Gut communities display limited diversity of mostly fish-specific lineages likely involved in food processing. Fin and skin communities display diversity levels and compositions resembling more those found in surrounding seawater. Community compositions are similar between genera Electrona and Protomyctophum, that differ from those found in Gymnoscopelus and in water. Low abundances of potentially light-emitting bacteria in light organs support the hypothesis of host production of light. This first description of myctophid-associated microbiota, and among the first on fish from the Southern Ocean, emphasizes the need to extend microbiome research beyond economically-important species, and start addressing ecologically-relevant species.

Published
2019

29. Testing Bergmann's Rule in marine copepods

Author

Campbell, Max, primary, Schoeman, David, additional, Venables, William, additional, Abu-Alhaija, Rana, additional, Batten, Sonia, additional, Chiba, Sanae, additional, Coman, Frank, additional, Davies, Claire, additional, Edwards, Martin, additional, Eriksen, Ruth, additional, Everett, Jason, additional, Fukai, Yutaka, additional, Fukuchi, Mitsuo, additional, Garrote, Octavio Esquivel, additional, Hosie, Graham, additional, Huggett, Jenny, additional, Johns, David, additional, Kitchener, John, additional, Koubbi, Philippe, additional, McEnnulty, Felicity, additional, Muxagata, Erik, additional, Ostle, Clare, additional, Robinson, Karen, additional, Slotwinski, Anita, additional, Swadling, Kerrie, additional, Takahashi, Kunio, additional, Tonks, Mark, additional, Uribe-Palomino, Julian, additional, Verheye, Hans, additional, Wilson, William, additional, Worship, Marco, additional, Yamaguchi, Atsushi, additional, Wuchang, Zhang, additional, and Richardson, Anthony, additional

Published
2020
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32. Ontogenetic shift in the energy allocation strategy and physiological condition of larval plaice (Pleuronectes platessa)

Author

Di Pane, Julien, Joly, Léa, Koubbi, Philippe, Giraldo, Carolina, Monchy, Sébastien, Tavernier, Eric, Marchal, Paul, and Loots, Christophe

Subjects
Life Cycles, Histology, Fish Biology, Science, Fish Metamorphosis, Flounder, Biochemistry, Larvae, Medicine and Health Sciences, Fish Physiology, Animal Physiology, Animals, Nutrition, Metamorphosis, Malnutrition, fungi, Metamorphosis, Biological, Biology and Life Sciences, Genetic Variation, Cell Biology, DNA, Lipids, Vertebrate Physiology, Liver, Starvation, Larva, Vacuoles, RNA, Medicine, North Sea, Cellular Structures and Organelles, Anatomy, Energy Metabolism, Zoology, Research Article, Developmental Biology
Abstract

Condition indices aim to evaluate the physiological status of fish larvae by estimating both the level of starvation and potential of survival. Histological indices reveal direct effects of starvation whereas biochemical indices such as lipid classes or RNA:DNA ratios are used as proxies of condition, giving information on the amount of energy reserves and growth rate, respectively. We combined these three indices to evaluate ontogenetic variations of growth performance, lipid dynamics and nutritional condition of plaice larvae caught in the field during winter 2017 in the eastern English Channel and the Southern Bight of the North Sea. RNA:DNA ratios showed that larvae at the beginning of metamorphosis (stage 4) had a lower growth rate than younger individuals (stages 2 and 3). A significant increase in the proportion of triglycerides also occurred at stage 4, indicating energy storage. Histological indices indicated that most of the larvae were in good condition, even younger ones with low lipid reserves. There was, however, an increase in the proportion of healthy individuals over ontogeny, especially with respect to liver vacuoles which were larger and more numerous for stage 4 larvae. Combined together, these condition indices revealed the ontogenetic shift in the energy allocation strategy of plaice larvae. Young larvae (stages 2 and 3) primarily allocate energy towards somatic growth. The decrease in growth performance for stage 4 was not related to poor condition, but linked to a higher proportion of energy stored as lipids. Since the quantity of lipid reserves is particularly important for plaice larvae to withstand starvation during metamorphosis, this could be considered as a second critical period after the one of exogenous feeding for larval survival and recruitment success.

Published
2019

33. Southern Ocean Indian Sector (SOIS) Working Group 1st Meeting Report

Author

Constable, Andrew, Odate, Tsuneo, Koubbi, Philippe, D'Adamo, Nick, Hindell, Mark, Kumar, N. Anil, Makabe, Ryosuke, McMahon, Clive, Moteki, Masato, Mishra, Rajani Kanta, Mizobata, Kohei, Shi, Jiuxin, Shimada, Keishi, Swadling, Kerrie, Takahashi, Kunio, Tamura, Takeshi, Trebilco, Rowan, and Zhu, Guoping

Abstract

The first meeting of the Southern Ocean Indian Sector (SOIS) Regional Working Group (RWG) was held in Hayama, Kanagawa, Japan on 12-16 August, 2017. Eighteen people attended the first meeting representing Japan, China, India, France and Australia. The aims of the meeting were to: i. identify the community of active researchers in the Indian Sector ii. gain consensus on the key drivers in the region iii. develop a picture of the status of multidisciplinary observations in the Indian Sector iv. discuss key observational gaps, regional priorities, and challenges Discussion covered a range of issues including research areas of common interest, current marine science activities in the Indian sector, key drivers in the region, the status of multidisciplinary observations, regional priorities and challenges.&nbsp

Published
2018
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34. Two Recent Massive Breeding Failures in an Adélie Penguin Colony Call for the Creation of a Marine Protected Area in D'Urville Sea/Mertz

Author

Ropert-Coudert, Yan, Kato, Akiko, Shiomi, Kozue, Barbraud, Christophe, Angelier, Frédéric, Delord, Karine, Poupart, Timothée, Koubbi, Philippe, Raclot, Thierry, Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Rochelle (ULR), National Institute of Polar Research [Tokyo] (NiPR), School of Life and Environmental Sciences Deakin University, Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie (DEPE-IPHC), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), and Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
eco-indicating species, foraging, extreme events, breeding, Sea ice, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, seabirds, marine protected areas
Abstract

International audience; In the d’Urville Sea in East Antarctica, a population of roughly 20,000 pairs of Adéliepenguins of Iles des Pétrels (Terre Adélie) has experienced two massive breeding failures,with no chick surviving the 2013–14 and 2016–17 breeding seasons. In both seasonsthe extent of sea ice in front of the colony persisted throughout the breeding cycle ofthe birds. The timing of sea-ice recession differed greatly between seasons and theabsence of polynya in a crucial phase of the cycle were paramount in driving thesefailures. The change in the icescape in front of Ile des Pétrels following the calving ofthe Mertz glacier in 2010, together with increase in precipitations and changes in sea-icefirmness explain this situation and are discussed in the present manuscript. To preventadditional future impacts on this colony, like competition with fisheries for instance, westrongly support a scientific research zone in the d’Urville Sea—Mertz area, one of thethree zones of proposed Marine Protected Area in East Antarctica to the Commission forthe Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources.

Published
2018

35. A Global Plankton Diversity Monitoring Program

Author

Batten, Sonia D., primary, Abu-Alhaija, Rana, additional, Chiba, Sanae, additional, Edwards, Martin, additional, Graham, George, additional, Jyothibabu, R., additional, Kitchener, John A., additional, Koubbi, Philippe, additional, McQuatters-Gollop, Abigail, additional, Muxagata, Erik, additional, Ostle, Clare, additional, Richardson, Anthony J., additional, Robinson, Karen V., additional, Takahashi, Kunio T., additional, Verheye, Hans M., additional, and Wilson, Willie, additional

Published
2019
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37. Global biogeochemical provinces of the mesopelagic zone

Author

Reygondeau, Gabriel, primary, Guidi, Lionel, additional, Beaugrand, Gregory, additional, Henson, Stephanie A., additional, Koubbi, Philippe, additional, MacKenzie, Brian R., additional, Sutton, Tracey T., additional, Fioroni, Martine, additional, and Maury, Olivier, additional

Published
2017
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38. Chapter 7 Biogeographic patterns of fish

Author

Duhamel, Guy, Hulley, Percy-Alexander, Causse, Romain, Koubbi, Philippe, Vacchi, Marino, Pruvost, Patrice, Vigetta, Stephanie, Irisson, Jean-Olivier, Mormede, Sophie, Belchier, Mark, Dettai, Agnès, Detrich, H. Williams, Gutt, Julia, Jones, Christopher D., Kock, Karl-Hermann, Lopez Abellan, Luis José, Putte, Anton, IRISSON, Jean-Olivier, and De Broyer, C. and Koubbi, Philippe and Griffiths, H. J. and Raymond, Ben and Udekem d'Acoz, C. and et al

Subjects
[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDU.STU.OC] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography
Published
2014

41. Sun-Compass Orientation in Mediterranean Fish Larvae

Author

Faillettaz, Robin, Blandin, Agathe, Paris, Claire B., Koubbi, Philippe, Irisson, Jean-Olivier, Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science (RSMAS), University of Miami [Coral Gables], Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)

Subjects
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Life Cycle Stages, Larva, Orientation, lcsh:R, Fishes, Mediterranean Sea, Sunlight, lcsh:Medicine, Animals, lcsh:Q, lcsh:Science, Research Article
Abstract

International audience; Mortality is very high during the pelagic larval phase of fishes but the factors that determine recruitment success remain unclear and hard to predict. Because of their bipartite life history , larvae of coastal species have to head back to the shore at the end of their pelagic episode , to settle. These settlement-stage larvae are known to display strong sensory and motile abilities, but most work has been focused on tropical, insular environments and on the influence of coast-related cues on orientation. In this study we quantified the in situ orientation behavior of settlement-stage larvae in a temperate region, with a continuous coast and a dominant along-shore current, and inspected both coast-dependent and independent cues. We tested six species: one Pomacentridae, Chromis chromis, and five Sparidae, Boops boops, Diplodus annularis, Oblada melanura, Spicara smaris and Spondyliosoma cantharus. Over 85% of larvae were highly capable of keeping a bearing, which is comparable to the orientation abilities of tropical species. Sun-related cues influenced the precision of bearing-keeping at individual level. Three species, out of the four tested in sufficient numbers , oriented significantly relative to the sun position. These are the first in situ observations demonstrating the use of a sun compass for orientation by wild-caught settlement-stage larvae. This mechanism has potential for large-scale orientation of fish larvae globally.

Published
2015

42. Les larves de poissons Méditerranéens, championnes de la course d’orientation

Author

Faillettaz, Robin, Irisson, Jean-Olivier, Koubbi, Philippe, Paris, Claire B., Durand, Elysanne, Blandin, Agathe, Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science (RSMAS), University of Miami [Coral Gables], Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography
Abstract

National audience

Published
2015

43. Pautas de distribución espacial y modelización mediante SIG del habitat de Larvas de Solea solea, Pleuronectes flesus y limanda en la parte oriental del Canal de la Mancha durante la primavera

Author

Koubbi, Philippe, Loots, Christophe, Cotonnec, Gwenaelle, Harlay, Xavier, Grioche, Alain, Sandrine Vaz, Martin, Canterbury Christ Church University, Walkey, Mike, and Carpentier, Andre

Subjects
lcsh:SH1-691, Canal de la Mancha, English Channel, SH1-691, Fish larvae, english channel, SIG, GIS, gis, lcsh:Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling, GAM, gam, fish larvae, larvas de peces, Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling, geostatistics, Geoestadística, Geostatistics
Abstract

The spring distribution of larval fish stages of flatfishes in the Dover Strait (eastern English Channel) was studied in 1995 and 1999. Fish larvae were identified and sorted according to developmental stages in order to study their ontogenic distribution. The French coastal waters are characterised by an unstable tide-dependent front, which influences larval dispersion. In spring, the French coastal waters have a high phytoplanktonic production. They have higher temperatures, lower salinities and differences in current intensity compared with the central English Channel waters. Generalised Additive Models (GAM) combined with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) were used to model the potential habitats of life stages considering data from three major surveys in this area. The models were developed by coupling presence-absence models with non-null abundance models. The potential habitat of larval stages was then mapped using a geostatistical method (kriging). This revealed different species strategies in which young stages were abundant in central waters and older ones were distributed mainly along the French and Belgian coasts. It is concluded that the central English waters are important for young stages after hatching and that coastal waters are essential nurseries for future juveniles. The models of three flatfish species having similar life cycle strategies are presented here: Limanda limanda, Platichthys flesus and Solea solea. Durante 1995 y 1999 se estudió la distribución primaveral de los estadios larvarios de peces planos en el Estrecho de Dover (parte oriental del Canal de la Mancha).Las larvas de peces fueron identificadas y separadas en función de su estadio de desarrollo con objeto de estudiar su distribución ontogénica. Las aguas costeras francesas se caracterizan por un frente de marea inestable, que influencia la dispersión larvaria. Durante la primavera, dichas aguas presentan una elevada producción fitoplanctónica. Asimismo, presentan altas temperaturas, bajas salinidades y diferencias en la intensidad de la corriente, comparado con las aguas centrales del Canal de la Mancha. A partir de datos obtenidos en tres amplias campañas en este área, se utilizaron Modelos Aditivos Generalizados (GAM) con Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG) para modelizar los hábitats potenciales de los estadios larvarios. Los modelos se desarrollaron uniendo modelos de “presencia-ausencia” con modelos de “abundancia no nula”. A continuación, usando métodos geoestadísticos (kriging) se representó el mapa del hábitat potencial de los estadios larvarios. Esto reveló diferencias en las estrategias de aquellas especies cuyos primeros estadios son abundantes en las aguas centrales y cuyos estadios más avanzados están distribuidos principalmente a lo largo de la costa francesa y belga. Se mostró la importancia de las aguas centrales del Canal de la Mancha para las larvas lecitotróficas, y como las aguas costeras son áreas de cría esenciales para los futuros juveniles. Aquí se presentan los modelos para tres especies de peces planos que tienen estrategias de vida similares: Limanda limanda, Platichthys flesus and Solea solea.

Published
2006
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44. Conclusions: Present and Future of Southern Ocean Biogeography

Author

Koubbi , Philippe, De Broyer , Claude, Griffiths , Huw J., Raymond , Ben, D'Udekem D'Acoz , Cédric, Van De Putte , Anton, Danis , Bruno, DAVID , Bruno, Grant , Susie, Gutt , Julian, Held , Christoph, Hosie , Graham, Huettmann , Falk, Post , Alix, Ropert-Coudert , Yan, Stoddart , Michael, Swadling , Kerrie M., Wadley , Victoria, Laffont, Rémi, C. De Broyer, P. Koubbi et al., Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques ( BOREA ), Université des Antilles ( UA ) -Université de Caen Normandie ( UNICAEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle ( MNHN ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Department of Invertebrates, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences ( RBINS ), British Antarctic Survey ( BAS ), Natural Environment Research Council ( NERC ), Australian Antarctic Division ( AAD ), Australian Government, Department of the Environment and Energy, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Integrated Marine Information System ( IMIS ), Laboratory of Animal Diversity and Systematics, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences ( RBINS ) -Katholieke Universiteit Leuven ( KU Leuven ), Marine Biology Laboratory, Université Libre de Bruxelles [Bruxelles] ( ULB ), Biogéosciences [Dijon] ( BGS ), AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung ( AWI ), EWHALE Laboratory of Biology and Wildlife Department, Institute of Arctic Biology-University of Alaska Fairbanks ( UAF ), Geoscience Australia, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] ( CSIRO ), Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie ( DEPE-IPHC ), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien ( IPHC ), Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), British Antarctic Survey (BAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Australian Antarctic Division (AAD), Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies [Horbat] (IMAS), University of Tasmania [Hobart, Australia] (UTAS), Integrated Marine Information System (IMIS), Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS)-Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] [Dijon] (BGS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Institute of Arctic Biology-University of Alaska [Fairbanks] (UAF), Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie (DEPE-IPHC), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), and Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, [SDV.EE.ECO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [ SDV.EE.ECO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems
Abstract

7 pages; International audience

Published
2014

45. Ecological geography of the Mediterranean Sea

Author

Reygondeau, Gabriel, Irisson, Jean-Olivier, Albouy, Camille, Ayata, Sakina-Dorothée, Benedetti, Fabio, Guieu, Cécile, Gasparini, S., Koubbi, Philippe, Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecologie des systèmes marins côtiers (Ecosym), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 212 EME 'écosystèmes marins exploités' (EME), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)

Subjects
[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography
Abstract

International audience

Published
2014

46. Present status of Mediterranean marine biodiversity and potential anthropogenic threat

Author

Reygondeau, Gabriel, Albouy, Camille, Hattab, Tarek, Benedetti, Fabio, Irisson, Jean-Olivier, Ayata, Sakina, Gasparini, S., Mckenzie, C., Guieu, Cécile, Koubbi, Philippe, Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecologie des systèmes marins côtiers (Ecosym), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 212 EME 'écosystèmes marins exploités' (EME), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Ecosystèmes et Ressources Aquatiques (UR03AGRO1), Institut National Agronomique de Tunisie, University of Otago [Dunedin, Nouvelle-Zélande], Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)

Subjects
[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography
Abstract

International audience

Published
2014

47. Biogeographic Atlas of the Southern Ocean

Author

De Broyer, Claude, Koubbi, Philippe, Griffiths, Huw J., Raymond, Ben, D'Udekem D'Acoz, Cédric, Van De Putte, Anton, Danis, Bruno, DAVID, Bruno, Grant, Susie, Gutt, Julian, Held, Christoph, Hosie, Graham, Huettmann, Falk, Post, Alix, Ropert‐Coudert, Yan, Department of Invertebrates, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences ( RBINS ), Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques ( BOREA ), Université des Antilles ( UA ) -Université de Caen Normandie ( UNICAEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle ( MNHN ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), British Antarctic Survey ( BAS ), Natural Environment Research Council ( NERC ), Australian Antarctic Division ( AAD ), Australian Government, Department of the Environment and Energy, Integrated Marine Information System ( IMIS ), Laboratory of Animal Diversity and Systematics, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences ( RBINS ) -Katholieke Universiteit Leuven ( KU Leuven ), Antarctic biodiversity information facility, Biogéosciences [Dijon] ( BGS ), AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung ( AWI ), EWHALE Laboratory of Biology and Wildlife Department, Institute of Arctic Biology-University of Alaska Fairbanks ( UAF ), Geoscience Australia, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] ( CSIRO ), Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie ( DEPE-IPHC ), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien ( IPHC ), Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), CAML, Total, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), British Antarctic Survey (BAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Australian Antarctic Division (AAD), Integrated Marine Information System (IMIS), Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS)-Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] [Dijon] (BGS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Institute of Arctic Biology-University of Alaska [Fairbanks] (UAF), Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie (DEPE-IPHC), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Laffont, Rémi

Subjects
[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, [SDV.EE.ECO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [ SDV.EE.ECO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems
Abstract

498 pages; International audience; The Southern Ocean waters to the west of the Antarctic Peninsula are warming faster than almost any other place on Earth. This area of most rapid environmental change was among others targeted by the Census of Antarctic Marine Life in its collection of biogeographic information. Such biogeographic information is of fundamental importance for monitoring biodiversity, discovering biodiversity hotspots, defining ecoregions and detecting the impacts of environmental changes. It is the preliminary and necessary step in designing marine protected areas in a changing ocean. At the end of five years of extensive biodiversity exploration and assessment by CAML (www.caml.aq) and the OBIS Antarctic Node (the SCAR Marine Biodiversity Information Network, www.scarmarbin.be), a new initiative, the multi-authored "CAML Biogeographic Atlas of the Southern Ocean", has been established under the aegis of the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR) to provide an up-to-date synthesis of Antarctic and sub-Antarctic biogeographic knowledge and to make available a new comprehensive online resource for visualisation, analysis and modelling of species distribution. It will constitute a major scientific output of CAML and SCAR-MarBIN as well as being a significant legacy of CoML and the International Polar Year to fulfill the needs of biogeographic information for science, conservation, monitoring and sustainable management of the changing Southern Ocean. It will be of direct benefit to the Antarctic Treaty and associated bodies such as the Convention for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources.

Published
2014

48. Climate change and Southern Ocean ecosystems I: how changes in physical habitats directly affect marine biota

Author

Constable, Andrew J., Melbourne-Thomas, Jessica, Corney, Stuart P., Arrigo, Kevin R., Barbraud, Christophe, Barnes, David K. A., Bindoff, Nathaniel L., Boyd, Philip W., Brandt, Angelika, Costa, Daniel P., Davidson, Andrew T., Ducklow, Hugh W., Emmerson, Louise, Fukuchi, Mitsuo, Gutt, Julian, Hindell, Mark A., Hofmann, Eileen E., Hosie, Graham W., Iida, Takahiro, Jacob, Sarah, Johnston, Nadine M., Kawaguchi, So, Koubbi, Philippe, Lea, Mary-Anne, Makhado, Azwianewi, Massom, Rob A., Meiners, Klaus, Meredith, Michael P., Murphy, Eugene J., Nicol, Stephen, Richerson, Kate, Riddle, Martin J., Rintoul, Stephen R., Smith Jr., Walker O., Southwell, Colin, Stark, Jonathon S., Sumner, Michael, Swadling, Kerrie M., Takahashi, Kunio T., Trathan, Phil N., Welsford, Dirk C., Weimerskirch, Henri, Westwood, Karen J., Wienecke, Barbara C., Wolf-Gladrow, Dieter, Wright, Simon W., Xavier, Jose C., and Ziegler, Philippe

Subjects
Marine microbiology, Climatic changes, Oceanography, Zoology, Biochemistry, Animal populations--Climatic factors, Marine ecology
Abstract

Antarctic and Southern Ocean (ASO) marine ecosystems have been changing for at least the last 30 years, including in response to increasing ocean temperatures and changes in the extent and seasonality of sea ice; the magnitude and direction of these changes differ between regions around Antarctica that could see populations of the same species changing differently in different regions. This article reviews current and expected changes in ASO physical habitats in response to climate change. It then reviews how these changes may impact the autecology of marine biota of this polar region: microbes, zooplankton, salps, Antarctic krill, fish, cephalopods, marine mammals, seabirds, and benthos. The general prognosis for ASO marine habitats is for an overall warming and freshening, strengthening of westerly winds, with a potential pole-ward movement of those winds and the frontal systems, and an increase in ocean eddy activity. Many habitat parameters will have regionally specific changes, particularly relating to sea ice characteristics and seasonal dynamics. Lower trophic levels are expected to move south as the ocean conditions in which they are currently found move pole-ward. For Antarctic krill and finfish, the latitudinal breadth of their range will depend on their tolerance of warming oceans and changes to productivity. Ocean acidification is a concern not only for calcifying organisms but also for crustaceans such as Antarctic krill; it is also likely to be the most important change in benthic habitats over the coming century. For marine mammals and birds, the expected changes primarily relate to their flexibility in moving to alternative locations for food and the energetic cost of longer or more complex foraging trips for those that are bound to breeding colonies. Few species are sufficiently well studied to make comprehensive species-specific vulnerability assessments possible. Priorities for future work are discussed.

Published
2014
Full Text
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