133 results on '"KUMRAL, Nabi Alper"'
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2. Evaluation of Matrix Effects for the Analysis of Some Pesticide Residues in Citrus Fruits, Pepper, Tomato and Lettuce Samples using a Multi-residue Analysis Method
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Kumral, Nabi Alper, primary, Hazarhun, Gülden, additional, Gumul, Burcu, additional, Ertas Ozkan, Simge, additional, Ayyildiz, Kubra, additional, Kumral, Aysegul, additional, Maden, Busra, additional, and Arabaci, Ecem Ezgi, additional
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- 2024
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3. Effect of washing method on the reduction of insecticide residues and quality characteristics of sweet cherry fruits
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HAZARHUN, Gülden, primary, KUMRAL, Nabi Alper, additional, GÜMÜL, Burcu, additional, KOLCU, Ayşenur, additional, and ÖZKAN, Simge, additional
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- 2024
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4. Farklı Domates Çeşitlerinde Zararlılara Karşı Savunma Yapıları olan Trikom Yoğunluğunun ve Acylsugar Konsantrasyonunun Belirlenmesi
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GÖK, Narin, primary, ÖZKAN, Simge, additional, KUMRAL, Nabi Alper, additional, AKBUDAK, Nuray, additional, ÇOBANOĞLU, Sultan, additional, and GENÇER, Nimet Sema, additional
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- 2024
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5. Artificial Intelligence in Integrated Pest Management
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Demirel, Mert, primary and Kumral, Nabi Alper, additional
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- 2021
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6. The toxic effects of some acaricides on the tomato russet mite and its predator Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot, 1962 (Acari: Phytoseiidae)
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KOLCU, Ayşenur, primary and KUMRAL, Nabi Alper, additional
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- 2023
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7. Respuesta de afidos depredadores a compuestos volatiles sinteticos en un huerto de manzana
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Gencer, Nimet Sema, Kumral, Nabi Alper, Altin, Irem, and Pehlevan, Bilgi
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- 2019
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8. Validation of LC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of chlorpyrifos, deltamethrin, imidacloprid and some of their metabolites in maize silage
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Azar, İsmail, primary and Kumral, Nabi Alper, additional
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- 2022
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9. Toxic effects of some acaricides on Aceria oleae (Nalepa, 1900) (Acari: Eriophyidae) and its predator Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor, 1954) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) under laboratory conditions
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KUMRAL, Nabi Alper, primary, ÇOBANOĞLU, Sultan, additional, HEPHIZLI GÖKSEL, Pınar, additional, and AKSOY, Anıl, additional
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- 2021
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10. Hasat Öncesi İncir Meyvelerinde Ethephon Kullanımının Oluşturduğu Kalıntı Riskinin Belirlenmesi
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HAZARHUN, Gülden and KUMRAL, Nabi Alper
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Ziraat ,ethephon,phosphonic acid,fig,residue,risk assesment ,ethephon,fosfonik asit,incir,kalıntı,risk ,Agriculture - Abstract
Bursa black fig holds great significance in terms of agricultural production and exportation of Turkey, because of its high nutritional value and the demand from Central and Northern European countries as an exotic fruit. Another reason for the consumer preference is that this agricultural product is grown without using synthetic chemicals. However, the use of plant growth regulators like ethephon, during pre-harvest period to ensure rapid ripening of fig fruits becomes questionable. The aim of this simulation study was to determine the residual risks of ethephon and its degradation product, phosphonic acid, resulting from its application in orchards during pre-harvest period. For this purpose, a commercial formulation of ethephon was applied to plants at two different concentrations under field conditions. The residue levels of these two chemicals were detected by LCMS-MS using a new analysis method, by taking samples in different processes: immediately after the application, during pre- and postharvest. Results showed that the fruits reach maturity within three days when the high concentration of ethephon was applied. The average ethephon residues in the harvested products on the 3rd and 6th days were found to be 10.92 and 8.45 mg kg-1, respectively. During the 16-day cold storage process after harvest, ethephon concentration slowly decreased to 5.30 and 6.34 mg kg-1, respectively. If the low concentration is applied to fruits, maturity completed within 6 days. The average ethephon residues at harvest time and at the end of 16 days cold storage were 0.63 mg kg-1 and 0.20 mg kg-1, respectively. Phosphonic acid has been determined between 0.19 and 0.31 mg kg-1, since the time of ethephon application in all treatments. As a result, the residues of ethephon and its breakdown metabolite phosphonic acid left over the detection limits of the device and the method during all processes. Therefore, this chemical should not be used during the growing period of figs., Bursa siyahı incirinin yüksek besin değerlerine sahip olması ve yetiştiriciliği yapılmayan Orta ve Kuzey Avrupa ülkelerinde egzotik bir meyve olarak tercih edilmesi nedeniyle önemi Türkiye tarımı ve ihracatı açısından çok yüksektir. Bu bitkisel ürünün sentetik kimyasallar kullanılmadan üretilmesi tüketicinin diğer bir tercih nedenidir. Ancak, incir meyvelerinin hasat öncesinde hızlı olgunlaşmasını sağlamak amacıyla ethephon gibi bitki gelişme düzenleyicilerinin kullanılması sorunlu bir konudur. Bu nedenle, bu simülasyon çalışmasında, ethephon’un bahçe koşullarında uygulanması sonucu ortaya çıkan ethephon ve onun parçalanma ürünü olan fosfonik asidin kalıntı risklerini belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, ethephon’un ticari bir formülasyonu arazi koşullarında bitkilere iki farklı konsantrasyonda uygulanmıştır. Uygulamanın hemen sonrasında, hasat sırasında ve hasat sonrasında farklı depolama süreçlerinde örnekler alınarak, bu iki kimyasalın kalıntı düzeyleri yeni bir analiz metodu kullanılarak LC-MS-MS cihazı ile belirlenmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, ethephon’un üç günde hasat olgunluğuna neden olan yüksek konsantrasyonu uygulandığında 3. ve 6. günlerdeki hasat edilmiş ürünlerdeki ortalama ethephon konsantrasyonu sırasıyla 10.92 ve 8.45 mgkg-1 bulunmuştur. Hasat sonrasında 16 günlük soğuk havada saklama sürecinde ise ethephon konsantrasyonu sırasıyla 5.30 ve 6.34 mgkg-1’a kadar düşmüştür. Diğer taraftan, 6 günde meyveleri olgunluğa ulaştıran düşük konsantrasyon kullanılırsa, hasat edilmiş ürünlerdeki ortalama ethephon konsantrasyonu 0.63 mgkg-1; hasat sonrası soğuk koşullarda 16 gün bekleme sonucu 0.20 mgkg-1 bulunmuştur. Fosfonik asit ise ethephonun uygulanmasından hemen sonra tüm aşamalarda 0.19-0.31 mgkg-1 konsantrasyonlarda belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, her koşulda ve aşamada ethephon ve parçalanma ürünü fosfonik asit incir meyveleri üzerinde tespit edilmiştir. Bu nedenle bu ürün incir yetiştiriciliğinde kesinlikle kullanılmaması gerekmektedir.
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- 2020
11. Acaricidal, repellent and oviposition deterrent activities of Datura stramonium L. against adult Tetranychus urticae (Koch)
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Kumral, Nabi Alper, Çobanoğlu, Sultan, and Yalcin, Cem
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- 2010
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12. Resistance to chlorpyrifos and lambda-cyhalothrin along with detoxifying enzyme activities in field-collected female populations of European red mite
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Kumral, Nabi Alper, Susurluk, Hilal, Gençer, Nimet Sema, and Gürkan, Mehmet Oktay
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- 2009
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13. Using degree-day accumulations and host phenology for predicting larval emergence patterns of the olive psyllid, Euphyllura phillyreae
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Kumral, Nabi Alper, Kovanci, Bahattin, and Akbudak, Bulent
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- 2008
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14. Susceptibility of female populations of Panonychus ulmi (Koch) (Acari: Tetranychidae) to some acaricides in apple orchards
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Kumral, Nabi Alper and Kovanci, Bahattin
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- 2007
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15. The colonization preference and population trends of larval fig psylla, Homotoma ficus L. (Hemiptera: Homotomidae)
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Gencer, Nimet Sema, Coskuncu, Kiymet Senan, and Kumral, Nabi Alper
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- 2007
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16. Candida boidinii’nin Farklı Suşlarının Deltamethrini Parçalama Potansiyellerinin İn-vitro Koşullarda Belirlenmesi
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KUMRAL, Ayşegül, KUMRAL, Nabi Alper, and GÜRBÜZ, Ozan
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deltamethrin,esterase,insecticides,yeasts,degradation,synthetic pyretriods ,parasitic diseases ,Deltamethrin,esteraz,insektisitler,mayalar,parçalanma,sentetik piretroitler ,Food Science and Technology ,Gıda Bilimi ve Teknolojisi - Abstract
Bitkisel üretimde kullanılan pestisitlerin gıdalarda kalıntılarının azalmasını etkileyen önemli faktörlerden biri de mikrobiyal faaliyetlerdir. Bu çalışmada, zeytin fermentasyonu salamurasından izole edilen Candida boidinii’nin yedi farklı suşunun bitkisel üretimde sıkça kullanılan sentetik piretroitli insektisit deltamethrin’i parçalama potansiyeli invitro koşullarda incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla, maya hücrelerinin esteraz enzim aktiviteleri ve deltamethrini karbon kaynağı olarak değerlendirme durumları tespit edilmiştir. Esteraz enzim aktivitesi ve deltamethrini karbon kaynağı olarak değerlendirme potansiyelleri yüksek olan suşların insektisiti parçalama düzeyleri gaz kromatografisi kütle spektrofotometresi (GC-MS) kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Test edilen yedi suşun ikisinde (CB-1 ve CB-5) hem hücre gelişimi hem de esteraz aktivitesi açısından önemli düzeyde yüksek faaliyet belirlenmiştir. GC-MS kalıntı analizine göre, iki suşun ilk üç günde deltamethrin miktarında başlangıca göre sırasıyla % 41.4 ve 22.5 oranında azalmaya sebep olduğu, maya bulunmayan kontrol grubunda ise bu oranın sadece %11 olduğu tespit edilmiştir. CB-5 suşunda 10 gün içinde önemli düzeyde daha fazla deltamethrin yıkımı (%91) belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre C. boidinii’nin farklı suşlarının deltamethrinin parçalanmasında rol oynayabileceği yönünde güçlü kanıtlar ortaya konmuştur., Microbial activities are one of the important factors affecting the reduction of the residues of pesticides used during plant production in foods. In this research, the potential of seven strains of Candida boidinii previously isolated from olive fermentation brines for the degradation of synthetic pyrethroid insecticide deltamethrin, commonly used in crop production, was investigated under in-vitro conditions. For this purpose, esterase enzyme activities of yeast cells and evaluation of deltamethrin as a carbon source were determined. Esterase enzyme activity and insecticide degradation levels of strains with high potential to evaluate deltamethrin as a carbon source were determined by using gas chromotography mass spectrophotometer (GC-MS). Two of the seven strains (CB-1 and CB-5) were displayed significant high activity both in terms of cell development and esterase activity. According to the GC-MS residue analysis, it was determined that the two strains caused a 41.4% and 22.5% decrease in the amount of deltamethrin in the first three days, respectively, compared to the initial levels, while this ratio was only 11% in the non-yeast control group. Significant further deltamethrin degradation (91%) was determined within 10 days in CB-5 strain. According to the results obtained, strong evidence has been revealed that the different strains of C. boidinii may play a role in the degradation of the deltamethrin.
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- 2020
17. A laboratory study of the acaricidal, repellent and oviposition deterrent effects of three botanical oils on Tetranychus urticae (Koch, 1836) (Acari: Tetranychidae)
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KESKİN, Gizem, KUMRAL, Nabi Alper, and KAÇAR, Oya
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Fen ,Science ,Akarisit,biyolojik etki,tesbih ağacı,mor reyhan,neem,kırmızıörümcek ,Acaricide,biological effects,chinaberry,basil,neem,spider mite - Abstract
Mor reyhan [Ocimum basilicum L. 1753 ‘Round Midnight’ (Lamiales: Lamiaceae)] yapraklarından su distilasyonuyla ve tesbih ağacı [Melia azedarach L., 1753 (Sapindales: Meliaceae)] tohumlarından soğuk presleme yöntemi ile elde edilen yağların ve karşılaştırma materyali olarak ticari bir neem yağı formülasyonun (Nimbecidine) [Azadirachta indica (A. Juss, 1830) (Sapindales: Meliaceae)], İkinoktalı kırmızıörümcek Tetranychus urticae (Koch, 1836) (Acari: Tetranychidae) üzerindeki biyolojik etkileri, yaprak diski üzerinde kuru kalıntı yöntemi kullanılarak Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi’nin laboratuvar koşullarında 2018-2019 yıllarında değerlendirilmiştir. Uygulamadan 72 saat sonra, Nimbecidine, tesbih ağacı ve mor reyhanın öldürücü konsantrasyonları (LC50 ve LC90) sırasıyla 0.8 ve 1.8 mg/L, %4.0 ve 6.9, %5.4 ve 11.7 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Nimbecidine (1 mg/L), tesbih ağacı (%6) ve mor reyhanın (%8.4) belirlenen konsantrasyonlarının öldürücü zamanları (LT50 ve LT90) 64 ve 107 s, 41 ve 73 s, 65 ve 110 s olarak belirlenmiştir. Nimbecidine (0.125-0.75 mg/L), tesbih ağacı (%0.75-3) ve mor reyhanın (%0.7-1.4) öldürücü altı dozlarıyla ilaçlanan fasulye yaprak yüzeylerinden T. urticae dişilerinin güçlü bir şekilde kaçtıklarını göstermiştir. Nimbecidine (0.031-0.5 mg/L), tesbih ağacı (%0.75-3) ve mor reyhanın (%1.4-5.6) sublethal dozlarının uygulandığı yapraklarda akarların yumurta bırakma sayıları kontrole göre önemli şekilde azalmıştır. Bu çalışma tesbih ağacı ve mor reyhandan elde edilen yağların belirlenen konsantrasyonlarının neemin ticari formülasyonu olan Nimbecidine gibi biyolojik etkiler gösterebileceğini ortaya koymuştur., The biological activities of essential oil obtained from water distillation process of basil leaves [Ocimum basilicum L. (Lamiales: Lamiaceae)] cv Round Midnight and crude oil obtained from the cold-pressed process of chinaberry tree seeds [Melia azedarach L. (Sapindales: Meliaceae)] and a commercial neem oil product (Nimbecidine) [Azadirachta indica (A. Juss, 1830) (Sapindales: Meliaceae)] were assessed against two-spotted spider mites, Tetranychus urticae (Koch, 1836) (Acari: Tetranychidae) using a residual method on leaf disc under laboratory conditions at Bursa Uludağ University during 2018-2019. The lethal concentrations (LC50 and LC90) of Nimbecidine, chinaberry and basil oils were estimated as 0.8 and 1.8 mg/L, 4.0 and 6.9%, 5.4 and 11.7%, respectively, 72 h after treatment. The lethal times (LT50 and LT90) of Nimbecidine (1 mg/L), chinaberry (6%) and the basil (8.4%) were 64 and 107 h, 41 and 73 h, 65 and 110 h, respectively. The females had a strong aversion to bean leaf surfaces sprayed with the sublethal concentrations of Nimbecidine (0.125-0.75 mg/L), chinaberry (0.75-3%) and basil (0.7-1.4%) oils. Significant decreases were recorded in the number of eggs laid on bean leaves sprayed with the sublethal concentrations for Nimbecidine (0.031-0.5 mg/L), chinaberry (0.75-3%) and the basil (1.4-5.6%) oils compared with unsprayed bean leaves. The study showed that the assessed concentrations of the oils obtained from the basil and chinaberry compared to the commercial botanical product (Nimbecidine) have similar biological effects on T. urticae.
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- 2020
18. Simulation Study for the Degradation of Some Insecticides during Different Black Table Olive Processes
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Yildirim Kumral, Aysegul, primary, Kumral, Nabi Alper, additional, Kolcu, Aysenur, additional, Maden, Busra, additional, and Artik, Buse, additional
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- 2020
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19. Chlorpyrifos and deltamethrin degradation potentials of two Lactobacillus plantarum (Orla-Jensen, 1919) (Lactobacillales: Lactobacillaceae) strains
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KUMRAL, Ayşegül, primary, KUMRAL, Nabi Alper, additional, and GURBUZ, Ozan, additional
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- 2020
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20. Respuesta de áfidos depredadores a compuestos volátiles sintéticos en un huerto de manzana
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Gencer, Nimet Sema, primary, Kumral, Nabi Alper, primary, Altin, Irem, primary, and Pehlevan, Bilgi, primary
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- 2020
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21. The effect of a Nano-solution Ozone Formulation on Biological Activities of the Dried Fruit Mite, Carpoglyphus lactis (L.) (Acari: Carpoglyphidae) on Dried Apricots
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BALTA, Pınar, KUMRAL, Nabi Alper, and SABANCI, Ahmet Ümit
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Ziraat ,Akar,kaçırıcı,kayısı,nano-formülasyon,ozon,toksik ,Agriculture ,Apricot,mite,nano-formulation,ozone,repellent,toxic - Abstract
Kuru meyvelerin önemli bir akar zararlısı olan Carpoglyphus lactis (L.) (Astigmata: Carpoglyphidae), kuru kayısıların meyve şekerleri ile beslendiğinde ürünün bozulmasına, istenmeyen kokular salmasına ve nihayetinde pazar değerini kaybetmesine neden olmaktadır. Daha önce yapılan çalışmalar ozon gazının akara karşı zehirli özelliğinden dolayı kuru meyvelerde mücadele amaçlı olarak kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir. Ancak, ozon gazının hızlıca O2 ve O-‘ye parçalanması nedeniyle kısa kalıcılık özelliği, bu gazın akarın mücadelesinde kullanımını sınırlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, yeni bir nano-ozon solüsyonu olan Genoxyn nanotech’in bu zararlı akar üzerindeki biyolojik aktiviteleri araştırılmıştır. Araştırmada formülasyonun akar üzerinde öldürücü [lethal konsantrasyonlar (LC), lethal zaman (LT)], uzaklaştırıcı ve yumurta bırakmayı engelleyici etkileri ve kalıcılığı değerlendirilmiştir. Bu çalışma, formülasyonun %0.27 konsantrasyonunun dişi akarların %90’ını 48 saat içinde öldürdüğünü göstermiştir. Probit analizi sonuçlarına göre, Genoxyn nanotech’in akara karşı 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4% oranlarda kullanılması durumunda, öldürücü zaman (LT90) sırasıyla 121, 81.5 ve 66 saat olarak belirlenmiştir. Kalıcılık testlerinde, formülasyonun öldürücü etkilerinde ilk 7 gün boyunca istatistiki anlamda önemli bir değişikliğin olmadığını göstermiştir. Ancak, 10 günden sonra öldürücü etkisinde %12-17 arasında bir düşüş saptanmıştır. Kaçırıcı etki için yapılan Pearson’ın ki-kare testine göre, formülasyonun %0.1 üzerindeki konsantrasyonlarla ilaçlanan kayısılardan C. lactis dişilerinin güçlü bir şekilde kaçtıkları görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak, bu çalışma sayesinde Genoxyn nanotech’in belirlenen dozlarının C. lactis dişilerinin toksik ve kaçırıcı etkilerinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Formülasyonun 10 gün süren kalıcılığı ile kuru kayısıların ilacın burada belirlenen dozlarına maruz bırakılması durumunda C. lactis mücadelesinde kullanılabileceği bu çalışma ile ortaya konulmuştur., When the dried fruit mite, Carpoglyphus lactis (L.) (Astigmata: Carpoglyphidae), feeds on the fruit sugar of the dried apricot, the mite causes unwanted flavors and odors, ultimately deteriorating the product. Previous studies showed that ozone gas could be used against the mite on dried fruits due to its toxic fumigant feature. However, ozone gas shows short residual activity and quickly degraded to O2 and O-. This feature of the gas occurred some disadvantages in the control of the mite. In this study, the biological effect of a new nanosolution ozone formulation, namely Genoxyn nanotech, to packaged dried apricot infested with C. lactis was studied. In tests, the lethal effects [lethal concentrations (LC), lethal times (LT)], persistence, repellence, and oviposition deterrent activities of the formulation were determined. The current study showed that 0.27% concentration of the formulation caused were a death rate of 90% in females within 48 h. Based on probit analysis, LT90 values were estimated 121, 81.5 and 66 h when Genoxyn nanotech was applied against C. lactis females with concentrations of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4%, respectively. In persistence tests, there is no significant decreasing in the lethal effects of the formulation within seven days. But, ten days after the treatment, a death rate of the females was decline with rates varied from 12 to 17%. According to Pearson’s chi-squared test, C. lactis females demonstrated a strong aversion to dried apricots sprayed with sublethal concentration (0.1%). Thus, this study showed that determined concentrations of Genoxyn nanotech have toxic and repellent activities on C. lactis females. With persistence activity of the formulation more than 10 days, it could be used with residual methods for control of C. lactis on dried apricots.
- Published
- 2019
22. Response of aphid predators to synthetic herbivore induced plant volatiles in an apple orchard
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Gencer, Nimet Sema, Kumral, Nabi Alper, Altın, İrem, and Pehlevan, Bilgi
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predators ,Host-Plant ,Diptera ,Lady Beetle ,Populations ,biological control ,Neuroptera ,Attract ,Coleoptera ,monitoring ,aphid ,Coccinellidae ,Hoverflies ,Synthetic HIPVs ,Methyl Salicylate ,Lures ,Syrphidae ,Arthropods ,Chrysopidae ,Natural Enemies - Abstract
The indirect defence compounds termed herbivore induced plant volatiles (HIPVs), which are used to attract beneficial fauna, are one of the most effective biological control tools for the aggregation of natural enemies of key pests. The aim of this study was to test the attraction of three aphid predators of the Chrysopidae, Coccinellidae and Syrphidae families using synthetic formulations of four main HIPVs [methyl salicylate (MeSa), benzaldehyde (B), linalool (L) and farnesene (F)] alone and in binary combinations (MeSa + B; MeSa + F; MeSa + L; F + B; B + L; F + L) in an apple orchard in the Bursa province of Turkey. This study was the first demonstration of the attraction of these aphid predators to single and binary combinations of synthetic HIPVs in an apple orchard. A larger number of coccinellids were captured using single treatments of both B and F than with other HIPV combinations. Furthermore, the chrysopid individuals studied were significantly attracted to traps baited with single HIPVs. In addition, the binary combination of MeSa + L significantly attracted more Syrphids than in both single treatments and control traps. Thus, some of the HIPV's tested were found to have potential value for the congregation of aphid predators in apple orchards. University of Bursa Uludag, Scientific Research Unit, Bursa, Turkey [UAP (Z) -2010/45] This study was supported by University of Bursa Uludag, Scientific Research Unit, Bursa, Turkey, Grant Project No: UAP (Z) -2010/45.
- Published
- 2019
23. Tritrophic relationships among tomato cultivars, the rust mite, Aculops lycopersici (Massee) (Eriophyidae), and its predators
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Aysan, Elif and Kumral, Nabi Alper
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0106 biological sciences ,predators ,Arthropoda ,Population ,Trombidiformes ,Eriophyidae ,Acariformes ,01 natural sciences ,Population density ,Arachnida ,Mite ,Animalia ,Cultivar ,education ,Tydeidae ,Acari ,Taxonomy ,2. Zero hunger ,Aculops lycopersici ,tomato cultivars ,education.field_of_study ,biology ,Biodiversity ,15. Life on land ,biology.organism_classification ,010602 entomology ,Horticulture ,trichomes ,Insect Science ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Trichome-mediated defence in wild and cultivated tomato cultivars has been extensively studied against some mite species for several decades. Previous studies have shown that this mechanism negatively affects phytophagous mites and their predators. To better explain the tritrophic relationship of tomatoes, the interactions between population densities of the tomato rust mite, Aculops lycopersici (Massee) (Acari: Eriophyidae), and its predators on the tomato cultivars, namely, Dora, Etna, Grande, H2274, Jana and M1103, and the trichome densities of these cultivars were investigated in both a climatic room and an organic tomato field from 2014-2015. Under both controlled and field conditions, the A. lycopersici population density was significantly higher in the stake tomato cultivars, Jana and Etna, than in other tomato cultivars. When the tomato rust mite’s population density was the highest during mid-August and mid-September in the tomato field, the population density of the predator species, Tydeus kochi Oudemans (Tydeidae), showed a similar population pattern and significant positive correlation with the A. lycopersici density. However, density of this predator mite was significantly lower than that of A. lycopersici over the entire season. Remarkably, the glandular trichome type VI density was significantly higher in the stake cultivars than other cultivars. In contrast, significantly fewer glandular trichomes were found in the indeterminate tomato cultivars, Grande and H2274, which had fewer tomato rust mites and larger tydeid mite predator densities. These results support the hypothesis that trichomes provide excellent shelter for tomato rust mites and are obstacles for its predator mites. However, the population density of the insect predator, Macrolophus sp., was not affected by the trichome density or tomato cultivar, but its population density was not significantly correlated with that of the A. lycopersici population.
- Published
- 2018
24. Alternative control agents of the dried fruit mite, Carpoglyphus lactis (L.) (Acari: Carpoglyphidae) on dried apricots
- Author
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TURGU, Vefa and KUMRAL, Nabi Alper
- Subjects
Agricultural, Engineering ,Mühendislik, Ziraat ,dried apricot,Carpoglyphus lactis,control,desiccants,dried apricot,oxygen absorbers,ozone - Abstract
Turkeyis the biggest dried apricot producer and exporter of the world. Carpoglyphus lactis (L.) (Astigmata:Carpoglyphidae) is the most common specieson dried apricots. When C. lactisfeeds on the fruit sugar of the dried apricot, the mite accelerates thedevelopment of mould fungi and causesunwanted flavours and odours, due to its digestive products, secretions anddead bodies. These contaminants cause skin diseases and some disorders of thedigestive system in humans. Fumigants such as methyl bromide and phosphine areused for the control of this harmful species all over the world. However,methyl bromide has been restricted in many countries including Turkey, becausethe chemical depletes ozone layer and causes acute deaths in humans. Biologicalstudies have shown that reducing the amounts both of oxygen and humiditynegatively affects the population development of C. lactis. Based on this evidence, the effects of differentphysical agents, namely ferric oxide and ozone gas (oxygen depleters), andcalcium chloride and silica gel (humidity reducers) to packaged dried apricotinfested with C. lactis were studied.The lethal dose concentrations and lethal times of each product were determinedby probit analysis. In this study, the female mites were successful controlledwith all of the physical agents. A death rate of the females of 99% was mostrapidly obtained with ozone gas treatment, followed by ferric oxide. Ozone gaswas particularly toxic, causing a significantly high level of mortality afterapplication at 44.4 mg/L (LT99= 39 hours). When ferric oxide wasapplied a dose of 9000 mg/L volume and higher doses, it killed all the femalemites within 3 days. Above the dose of calcium chloride at 3000 mg /L killedall of the females within 81 hours. Lastly, the silica gel affected mites overa longer period i.e., two weeks and at a higher dosage (56000 mg/L volume).
- Published
- 2018
25. Determination of the Effect of Ferric Oxide and Ozone Gas Applications on the Fruit Quality Parameters and Microbial Contamination Load Caused by Dried Fruit Mite, Carpoglyphus lactis (L.) (Acari: Carpoglyphidae) Infestation
- Author
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YILDIRIM KUMRAL, Ayşegül, TURGU, Vefa, YILDIZ, Ece, KUMRAL, Nabi Alper, ÇEVİK, Rabia Nur, SEVİNÇ, İlknur, KARAPAPAK, Gamze, YÜKSEL, Asude Nur, and ERSÖZ, Esra
- Subjects
Agricultural, Engineering ,Mühendislik, Ziraat ,Allergy,alternative methods,apricot,contaminants,food safety,mite ,Akar,alerji,alternatif yöntemler,bulaşanlar,gıda güvenliği,kayısı - Abstract
Türkiye kuru kayısı üretiminde dünyada birinci sırada olup, kayısı üretiminin önemli bir kısmını tek başına karşılamaktadır. Kayısı meyvelerinin kurutularak su kapsamının düşürülmesi mikrobiyal etmenlerin gelişmesini her ne kadar engellese de şeker kristallerinin artışı kuru meyve akarı Carpoglyphus lactis (L.) (Acari:Carpoglyphidae)’in üremesine imkan vermektedir. Zararlının bulaşması ve beslenmesi kuru meyvelerde bazı mikrobiyal etmenlerin gelişimini teşvik etmekte ve insanlarda sindirim sisteminde bozukluklara ve alerjen etkilere neden olmaktadır. Oksidasyon ve kısa süreli oksijen azaltıcı özelliği olan ozon gazı ile oksijen ve nem çekici özelliğe sahip ferrik oksit uygulamalarının kuru kayısılarda C. lactis popülasyonlarına etkisi daha önce belirlenmiştir. Farklı olarak, bu araştırma ile ozon gazı ve ferrik okist uygulamalarının paketlenmiş kurutulmuş kayısılarda bu akarın bulaşıklığından kaynaklanan mikrobiyal yüke, meyve kalite parametrelerine ve duyusal özelliklere olan etkisi ortaya konulmuştur. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, 44 mg L-1 ozon gazı ve 35000 mg L-1 ferrik oksit uygulaması akar popülasyonlarını tamamen baskı altına alırken, bu uygulamaların toplam mezofil aerob bakteri, maya ve küf yüküne herhangi bir etkisi tespit edilmemiştir. Diğer taraftan, ozon uygulaması kuru kayısılardaki akar bulaşıklığına bağlı renk açılmalarını önlemiştir. Akar bulaşıklığı kayısılarda sertliği önemli düzeyde azaltırken, hem ozon hem de ferrik oksit uygulamaları bu parametreleri olumlu yönde düzeltmiştir. Ayrıca, ozon ve ferrik oksit uygulamalarının meyvenin duyusal özelliklerine herhangi olumsuz etkisi belirlenmemiştir., Turkey is the number one dried apricot producer, and alone provides the large part of the dried apricot production around the world. Although drying the fruits by reducing the water content prevents the development of microbial factors, the increase of sugar crystals allows the reproduction of the dried fruit mite Carpoglyphus lactis (L.) (Acari: Carpoglyphidae). Infection and feeding of the mites promote the development of some microbial factors on dried fruits and cause some disorders in the digestive system and allergic reactions in humans. The effects of ozone gas as an oxidative agent and short-term oxygen scavenger, and ferric oxide as an oxygen and moisture absorber against C. lactis populations have been shown previously. Unlike previous studies, in this study, the effect on microbial load caused by infestation, and the effect of these applications on the fruit quality parameters and sensory properties were also revealed. According to the results of this study, applications of 44 mg L-1 of ozone gas and 35000 mg L-1 of ferric oxide were completely suppressed mite populations, but no effect on the number of total mesophilic aerobic bacteria, yeasts and molds were detected. On the other hand, ozone application prevented the discoloration of the dried apricots caused by the mite infestation. Whilst mite infestation significantly decreased the firmness of the apricots, both ozone and ferric oxide treatments positively affected and improved these parameters. Additionally, no negative effects of ozone and ferric oxide treatments on sensory characteristics of fruits were detected.
- Published
- 2018
26. The Usage Possibilities of Synthetic and Organic Acaricides for Varroa Control
- Author
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DEMİREL, Mert, primary, KESKİN, Gizem, additional, and KUMRAL, Nabi Alper, additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Life table of Tetranychus urticae (Koch) (Acari: Tetranycidae) on different Turkish eggplant cultivars under controlled conditions
- Author
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Kumral, Nabi Alper, primary, Göksel, Pınar Hephızlı, additional, Aysan, Elif, additional, and Kolcu, Ayşenur, additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. A new Tetranychus Dufour (Acari: Tetranychidae) associated withSolanaceae from Turkey
- Author
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ÇOBANOĞLU, Sultan, UECKERMANN, Edward Albert, and KUMRAL, Nabi Alper
- Subjects
Datura stramonium ,Acari,Tetranychidae,sp. nov.,Tetranychus solanacearum,tomato,Ankara ,biology ,Datura ,Solanum dulcamara ,Botany ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Tetranychus ,Solanum ,Solanum nigrum ,biology.organism_classification ,Solanum rostratum ,Lycopersicon - Abstract
A new plant-feeding mite species, Tetranychus solanacearum Çobanoğlu and Ueckermann sp. Nov. (Acari: Tetranychidae), is described and illustrated. The samples were collected from various solanaceous plants (Solanaceae) [black nightshade (Solanum nigrum L.), bittersweet nightshade (Solanum dulcamara L.), eggplant (Solanum melongena L.), spiny nightshade (Solanum rostratum Dunal), jimsonweed or datura (Datura stramonium L.), and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.)] in Ankara Province, Turkey. A key to all species of the genus Tetranychus Dufour known to occur in Turkey is presented in the paper.
- Published
- 2015
29. Tritrophic relationships among tomato cultivars, the rust mite, Aculops lycopersici (Massee) (Eriophyidae), and its predators
- Author
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Aysan, Elif, primary and Kumral, Nabi Alper, additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. An Acid Hydrolysis Method for the Detection of Twelve Pesticides Approved by TestQual and QS Proficiency Tests.
- Author
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Hazarhun, Gülden, Gümül, Burcu, Maden, Büşra, Ayyıldız, Kübra, Özkan, Simge Ertaş, Arabacı, Ecem Ezgi, and Kumral, Nabi Alper
- Subjects
HYDROLYSIS ,PESTICIDE residues in food ,QUIZALOFOP ,NEUROTOXIC agents ,ACETONITRILE - Abstract
Pesticides with acidic properties, such as 2,4-D, 2,4-DB, acibenzolar-S-methyl, clopyralid, dichlorprop, haloxyfop, fluazifop, fluroxypyr, mecoprop, MCPA, MCPB and quizalofop, could pose health risks, because of their neurotoxicant potentials and adverse effects on endocrine and reproduction systems. Since the use of these compounds are still permitted in several countries, their residues on fresh agricultural commodities should be monitored with proper analysis methods. Unfortunately, determination of their residues is difficult due to their tendencies to form various conjugates with matrix components. Although the QuEChERS method is commonly used for extraction of pesticide residues on fresh vegetables and fruits [1], it is not appropriate for reliable and accurate analysis of the acidic pesticides due to transform their several esters and conjugates [2]. To overcome the drawbacks of QuEChERS method during the analysis of acidic pesticides, addition of a hydrolysis step in sample preparation may be taken into consideration [2,3]. The aim of the current study was to optimize and validate an LC-MS/MS method for the detection of acidic pesticides on fresh foods using alkaline hydrolysis of their esters and conjugates. The multi-residue analysis of 12 active compounds was found compatible with the SANTE/11312/2021 Guidelines. [4]. The quality of the developed method was also testified by both TestQual and QS proficiency tests. The scope of these proficiency tests is the evaluation of the performance of laboratories for the determination of pesticide residues on foods and they provide information to demonstrate the quality of the analysis. Thus, our method was found as reliable and effective to use for the detection of acidic pesticides in fresh foods using LC-MS/MS. In the current method, these pesticides were extracted by using a modified QuEChERS method (AOAC 2007.01) involving the addition of acetonitrile and NaOH together to the sample tube for simultaneous extraction and hydrolysis. The tubes were shaken for 30 min in water bath set at 40°C and then the reaction was neutralized by the addition of H
2 SO4 . After the addition of buffer-salt mixture, the sample was immediately shaken vigorously and centrifuged. Lastly, the supernatant was transferred to vials and tested with LC-MS/MS. PSA-clean up step is not performed in the method. This study was funded with as a research project (grant number ULUTEK STB079417) by Perla Fruit Company. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Evaluation of Matrix Effects for the Analysis of Some Pesticide Residues in Citrus Fruits, Pepper, Tomato and Lettuce Samples using a Multi-residue Analysis Method.
- Author
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Hazarhun, Gülden, Gümül, Burcu, Maden, Büşra, Ayyıldız, Kübra, Özkan, Simge Ertaş, Arabacı, Ecem Ezgi, Kumral, Ayşegül, and Kumral, Nabi Alper
- Subjects
PESTICIDE residues in food ,CITRUS fruits ,LETTUCE ,TOMATOES ,PEPPER (Spice) ,LIQUID chromatography-mass spectrometry - Abstract
LC-MS/MS methods are widely used for pesticide analysis, because of their high sensitivity and selectivity with short analysis time. Nevertheless, LC-MS/MS has some disadvantages owing to the matrix effects. Matrix of the sample has a remarkable impact on the sensitivity and reproducibility of trace analysis of the pesticides [1]. The signal intensities of some pesticides, namely atrazine, avermectin, benzobicylon, bifenazate, bupirimate, chlormequate, cyromazine, fluopicolide, fluxapyroxad, terbuthylazine, terbutryn, triazophos and valifenalate, could be affected by different food matrices. In the current study, the effects of four different matrices such as citrus fruits, pepper, tomato, and lettuce were demonstrated during the analysis of 13 pesticides using the QuEChERS procedure and LC-MS/MS [2]. The multiresidue analysis of the 13 active compounds on tomato matrix was found compatible with the SANTE/11312/2021 Guidelines. [3]. 11 of analysed pesticides from pepper, tomato and lettuce showed negligible matrix effects (-20-20%) compared with the responses obtained in acetonitrile. But, in all matrices signal suppressions of 69.34-80.11% and 36.91-55.71% were detected for chlormequate and cyromazine respectively. In addition, significant signal suppressions were observed for 10 pesticides in citrus fruit samples. The rates of signal suppressions for atrazine, avermectin, bupirimate, chlormequate, cyromazine, fluopicolide, fluxapyroxad, terbuthylazine, terbutryn, triazophos and valifenalate were detected as 22.85, 84.57, 80.11, 55.71, 91.38, 93.95, 42.64, 50.99, 52.53 and 50.02%, respectively, for citrus matrix. However, a strong signal enhancement (38.46 and 236.95%) occurred for a bifenazate metabolite (bifenazate diazen) for pepper and lettuce matrices. Changing some steps in the extraction process can help to improve sensitivity of the analysis. [4]. For that reason, profiles of diluted citrus extracts were generated in this study. Dilution for citrus fruits led to a significant decrease in the matrix effects. With the modified extraction methods, the rates of signal suppressions were significantly reduced for atrazine, avermectin, fluopicolide, terbuthylazine, terbutryn and triazophos in citrus samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. The Biodiversity, Density And Population Trend Of Mites (Acari) On Capsicum Annuum L. In Temperate And Semi-Arid Zones Of Turkey
- Author
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Cobanoglu, Sultan and Kumral, Nabi Alper
- Abstract
This study investigated mite biodiversity and density on Capsicum annuum in temperate (Bursa and Yalova provinces) and semi-arid (Ankara province) zones of Turkey from 2009 to 2010. A total of twenty-six phytophagous, predatory and generalist mite species were established on pepper leaves. Tetranychus urticae (Tetranychidae) was the single predominant species on the plants in all zones, while Phytoseius plumifer, Neoseiulus californicus (Phytoseiidae) and Tarsonemus bifurcatus (Tarsonemidae) were found to be other common species. Mite diversity and density were higher in temperate zone provinces than in Ankara, which has semi-arid conditions. This variation was significantly correlated with high humidity in the temperate zone, but only for phytophagous mites. The highest number of predatory species was found in the temperate zone, a finding also correlated with humidity, but not significantly. Although phytophagous mite diversity was lower than that of predatory mites in both zones, phytophagous mites were more than abundant than both predatory and generalist mites. The current study observed a significantly high population density of T. urticae from late July to mid August of 2010 and 2011. The sharp decline in T. urticae density on pepper was found to be associated with the onset of rainfall in June and September. Consequently, similar population growth patterns in phytoseiids [Neoseiulus bicaudus, N. californicus and Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) recki in Bursa and Yalova; Phytoseius plumifer in Ankara] were found in all zones and in both years. Generally, predatory mite density showed a gradually increasing population growth pattern from late July to early October.
- Published
- 2016
33. Bursa İli Zeytin Bahçelerinde Euphyllura phillyreae Foerster (Homoptera: Aphalaridae)’nin Popülasyon Dalgalanması
- Author
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KOVANCI, Bahattin, KUMRAL, Nabi Alper, and AKBUDAK, Bülent
- Subjects
Euphyllura phillyreae,popülasyon dalgalanması,zeytin,Bursa - Abstract
Bu çalışma, Bursa ilinde zeytinlerde zarar yapan Euphyllura phillyreae Foerster’nin yayılışını belirlemek ve popülasyon dalgalanmasını incelemek amacıyla 2000-2002 yıllarında yapılmıştır. E. phillyreae’nın Nilüfer ilçesinde Çatalağı, Gölyazı ve Görükle hariç Bursa’nın diğer tüm bahçelerinde az veya çok bulunduğu belirlenmiştir. Populasyon dalgalanmalarının izlendiği Kumyaka ve Gündoğdu’daki bahçelerde E. phillyreae’nın kışlayan erginlerinin bıraktığı ilk yumurtalar 2000 yılında nisan ayı sonu, 2001 ve 2002 yıllarında ise nisan ayı başında saptanmıştır. Yumurta ve nimf popülasyonu yer ve yıllara göre nisan ve mayıs aylarında birer tepe noktası meydana getirmiştir. Yeni dölün erginleri mayıs ayı sonu ile haziran ayı ortaları arasında görülmeye başlamışlardır. Bu erginler, yaz, sonbahar ve kış aylarını zeytin bahçelerinde geçirdikten sonra ertesi yıl ilkbaharda yumurta bırakmışlardır. Böylece E. phillyreae Bursa ilinde yılda bir döl vermiştir
- Published
- 2015
34. Gemlik Çeşidi Zeytin Bahçelerinde Zeytin Sineği [Bactrocera oleae (Gmelin)]'nin Mücadelesine Esas Olacak Biyo-Ekolojik Özelliklerin Saptanması
- Author
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KUMRAL, Nabi Alper, Kovancı, Bahattin, and Akbudak, Bülent
- Subjects
Bactrocera oleae,gün-derece modeli,meyve fenolojisi,Gemlik,zeytin - Abstract
Zeytin sineği, Bactrocera oleae (Gmelin) (Diptera: Tephritidae), dünyanın pek çok yerindeki ticari zeytin bahçelerinde ürün kayıplarına neden olduğundan büyük ekonomik öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışma, Bursa’nın ‘Gemlik’ çeşidi zeytin bahçelerinde iki yıl süreyle iklim (sıcaklık, oransal nem ve yağış) ve konukçu bitki (zeytin meyve fenolojisi) faktörlerinin B. oleae’nın ergin popülasyon dalgalanması üzerindeki etkilerini belirlemek için yapılmıştır. B. oleae ergin uçuşlarını izlemek için cinsel + besin cezbedicili sarı yapışkan tuzaklar, 5 farklı zeytin bahçesine asılmıştır. İklim istasyonlarından sağlanan günlük ortalama sıcaklıklar, birinci uçuş erginlerinin yakalamasının %10’a ulaştığı tarihten başlamak üzere en düşük gelişme eşiği 9.5°C çıkarılarak ve en yüksek gelişme eşiği 30°C değerleri hesaba katılmadan gün-derece toplamlarının hesaplanmasında kullanılmıştır. Sonuçlar Zeytin sineğinin yılda üç uçuş periyodunun bulunduğunu, ergin popülasyon dalgalanmalarının sıcaklığa ve neme bağlı olarak yıldan yıla değiştiğini, ayrıca Zeytin sineğinin genellikle eylül ayından kasım ayına kadar yüksek popülasyonlar oluşturduğunu göstermektedir. Zeytin fenolojisi gözlemlerine göre, ilk ergin çıkışları orta irilikte meyve döneminde meydana gelmiştir. Buna ek olarak, kümülatif ergin yakalamaları ve gün-derece modelleri kullanılarak bir simülasyon model oluşturulmuştur. Bu model ileride B. oleae ergin uçuşlarının önceden tahmin edilmek suretiyle erken uyarı ve tahmin sisteminde kullanılmasını sağlayabilecektir
- Published
- 2015
35. Life Tables of the Olive Leaf Moth Palpita Unionalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), on Different Host Plants
- Author
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KUMRAL, Nabi Alper, KOVANCI, Bahattin, and AKBUDAK, Bülent
- Published
- 2015
36. Attraction responses of ladybird beetle Hippodamia variegata (Goeze, 1777) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) to single and binary mixture of synthetic herbivore-induced plant volatiles in laboratory tests
- Author
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GENÇER, Nimet Sema, primary, KUMRAL, Nabi Alper, additional, SEİDİ, Melis, additional, and PEHLEVAN, Bilgi, additional
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. The biodiversity and population fluctuation of plant parasitic and benificial mite species (Acari) in tomato fields of Ankara, Bursa and Yalova provinces
- Author
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ÇOBANOĞLU, Sultan and KUMRAL, Nabi Alper
- Subjects
Plant parasitic mites,predatory mites,population,bio-diversity,tomato ,Bitki zararlısı akarlar,avcı akarlar,popülasyon,biyolojik çeşitlilik,domates - Abstract
A survey was conducted in North Western Region (Bursa – Yalova cities) and central Anatolia (Ankara city) of Turkey, during 2009-2010 to evaluate the mite diversity and population fluctuation on tomato plants. Thirty-four plant parasitic, predatory and neutral mite species were identified belonging to 14 mite families namely Tetranychidae, Eriophyidae, Tenuipalpidae, Bdellidae, Phytoseiidae, Stigmaeidae, Ascidae, Parasitidae, Ameroseiidae, Acaridae, Tydeidae, Iolinidae, Tarsonemidae and Oribatidae. Among these species, the plant parasitic mites, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Tetranychidae), Eotetranychus uncatus Garman and Amphitetranychus viennensis (Zacher), the predators, Pronematus ubiquitus (McG.), Neopronematus neglectus (Kuzn.) (Acari: Iolinidae) and Neoseiulus barkeri Hughes (Acari: Phytoseiidae) and the neutrals, Tyrophagus putrescentiae Sch. (Acari: Acaridae) and Tarsonemus bifurcatus Sch. (Acari: Tarsonemidae) were predominant species and corresponded to more than 87% of the mite specimens collected during the survey. Homeopronematus anconai (Baker) and N. neglectus which species are belong to Iolinidae were found as the first record for Turkey’s fauna. Sörenson’s similarity index varied 0.40-0.57, indicating a medium similarity among the cities. According to Shannon Wiener index, the biodiversity increasing mite fauna was plant parasitic mites in Ankara and predator mites in Bursa and Yalova. The population density of T. urticae on tomato began to increase in late-May and peaked three times in mid-June, late-July and mid-September in Bursa. In Ankara, the plant parasitic mite emerged in late-July and occured three peaks in mid-August, early September and mid-October, Türkiye’nin Kuzey batısında bulunan Bursa, Yalova ve Orta Anadolu’da yer alan Ankara illerinde 2009-2011 yılları arasında domateslerdeki akarların biyolojik çeşitliliği ve popülasyon dalgalanmasının değerlendirildiği bir çalışma yürütülmüştür. Faunistik çalışmalarda, Tetranychidae, Eriophyidae, Tenuipalpidae, Bdellidae, Phytoseiidae, Stigmaeidae, Ascidae, Parasitidae, Ameroseiidae, Acaridae, Tydeidae, Iolinidae, Tarsonemidae ve Oribatidae gibi 14 familyaya ait 34 zararlı, avcı ve nötr akar türü belirlenmiştir. Bu türlerden, bitki zararlısı Tetranychus urticae Koch (Tetranychidae), Eotetranychus uncatus Garman ve Amphitetranychus viennensis (Zach.); avcılardan Pronematus ubiquitus (McG.), Neopronematus neglectus (Kuzn.) (Acari: Iolinidae) ve Neoseiulus barkeri Hughes (Acari: Phytoseiidae) ve nötr faunadan Tyrophagus putrescentiae Sch. (Acari: Acaridae) ve Tarsonemus bifurcatus Sch. (Acari: Tarsonemidae) türleri baskın türler olarak saptanmış olup, sürvey çalışmaları boyunca toplanan akar örneklerinin %87’sini oluşturmuşlardır. Bu türler arasında Iolinidae familyasından Homeopronematus anconai (Baker) ve N. neglectus ve Türkiye akar faunası için ilk kayıttır. Sörenson’un benzerlik katsayısı 0.40-0.57 arasında değişerek, iller arasındaki orta düzeyde benzerliği göstermiştir. Shannon Wiener katsayısına göre biyolojik çeşitliliği arttıran etmen Ankara’da zararlı türler, Bursa ve Yalova’da avcı türler olmuştur. Bursa ilinde domateste T. urticae popülasyonları mayıs ayı sonunda artmaya başlamış ve haziran ortası, temmuz sonu ve eylül ortasında üç tepe noktası meydana getirmiştir. Ankara’da bu zararlı Bursa’dan geç olarak temmuz ayı sonunda çıkış yapmış ve ağustos ortası, eylül başı ve ekim ortasında üç tepe noktası oluşturmuştur
- Published
- 2015
38. A New Tetranychus Dufour (Acari: Tetranychidae) Associated With Solanaceae From Turkey
- Author
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Cobanoglu, Sultan, Ueckermann, Edward Albert, and Kumral, Nabi Alper
- Abstract
A new plant-feeding mite species, Tetranychus solanacearum Cobanoglu & Ueckermann sp. nov. (Acari: Tetranychidae), is described and illustrated. The samples were collected from various solanaceous plants (Solanaceae) [black nightshade (Solanum nigrum L.), bittersweet nightshade (Solanum dulcamara L.), eggplant (Solanum melongena L.), spiny nightshade (Solanum rostratum Dunal), jimsonweed or datura (Datura stramonium L.), and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.)] in Ankara Province, Turkey. A key to all species of the genus Tetranychus Dufour known to occur in Turkey is presented in the paper.
- Published
- 2015
39. A Reservoir Weed For Mites: Datura Stramonium L. (Solanaceae) In The Vicinity Of Cultivated Solanaceous Plants In Turkey
- Author
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Kumral, Nabi Alper and Cobanoglu, Sultan
- Abstract
Twenty-six phytophagous, predacious and generalist mite species were found on the weed species Datura stramonium in the vicinity of solanaceous vegetables from two locations in Turkey during 2009-2010. Of seven species of phytophagous mites, Tetranychus urticae was the predominant species on the weed leaves. Additionally, 15 predacious mite species from seven families were identified: Phytoseiidae, Anystidae, Stigmaeidae, Bdellidae, Ascidae, Ameroseiidae and Iolinidae. Phytoseiidae (nine species) and Iolinidae (one species) were the most abundant predacious mites in the families. The dominant predacious species were Cydnodromus californicus and Pronematus ubiquitus. The Shannon index (H '), a biodiversity parameter of the predacious mites was very high compared to that of phytophagous mites that occurred at a high density. Among four generalist species from three families (Tydeidae, Acaridae and Oribatidae), one species, Zygoribatula microporosa, was found in the Turkish mite fauna. In Ankara, the population density of spider mites on the weed leaves began to increase in early July and peaked three times in late July, early September and mid-October in 2009-2010. In Bursa, the mites emerged in early June and peaked four times in early July, early August, early September and early October in 2010-2011. Cydnodromus californicus and Typhlodromus Anthoseius recki exhibited efficient numerical responses to spider mite populations from early August to early September. However, in Bursa, Sorenson's coefficient confirmed that there were positive predator-prey associations among spider mites and these predacious mites. Although this weed is a source of predacious species when it is located in the vicinity of tomato fields, D. stramonium may play a role as a reservoir plant for phytophagous mites and permit increasing pest population in areas used for the cultivation of solanaceous vegetables due to predators' delayed response to spider mite populations.
- Published
- 2015
40. Screening Tomato Varietal Resistance Against The Two-Spotted Spider Mite [Tetranychus Urticae (Koch)]
- Author
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Keskin, Narin and Kumral, Nabi Alper
- Abstract
The two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae (Koch) (Acari: Tetranychidae) is a serious pest of several crops, particularly tomato. Chemical control of the spider mite on this vegetable has not been very successful due to its rapid development of resistance to acaricides and insecticides. Tetranychus urticae performs differentially among tomato varieties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the plant features (the density of non-glandular and glandular trichomes) of seven tomato varieties and the survival, development, oviposition and life table parameters of T. urticae on each variety. In addition, the current study was intended to establish the relationships between damage caused by the mites and the mite population level on different tomato varieties. We used one variety, Beaufort, derived from a cross between the wild tomato Solanum habrochaites Knapp & Spooner and the cultivated tomato Solanum lycopersicum L., and six cultivated varieties: Beril, Bt-236, Impala, Simena, Troy and Y-67. The study revealed that when T. urticae fed on the Beaufort tomato variety, the demographic parameters [r(m) (0.121), R-o (5.79) and GRR (5.79)] were lower than when the mite fed on the other varieties. Additionally, the mite population level on the Beaufort variety was significantly lower compared with those on other tomato varieties. Moreover, the lowest mite survival rate was observed on the Beaufort variety. The densities of non-glandular (Type V) and glandular trichomes (Types IV, VI) on this variety were significantly higher than on the others. The variety's tolerance to mite damage was also found to be higher compared to other varieties. According to the life table parameters, population levels and rates of damage from T. urticae, the tomato variety Y-67 was found to be very susceptible to the mite. Also, the densities of non-glandular (Type V) and glandular (Type VI) trichomes in the susceptible variety were determined to be lower than in the Beaufort and some cultivated varieties. Variety Bt-236 was very similar to Beaufort in terms of the survival rates, damage rates and the density of Type VI glandular trichome on the leaf surface. The damage rate per female mite was highest on Y-67, intermediate on Simena, Troy and Beril, and lowest on the Beaufort, Impala and Bt-236 varieties.
- Published
- 2015
41. Determination of susceptibility to insecticides and acaricides along with enzymatic characteristics in the different ladybird beetle Stethorus gilvifrons (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) populations
- Author
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HEPHIZLI, Pınar and KUMRAL, Nabi Alper
- Subjects
Kırmızıörümcek avcısı,biyoassayler,dayanıklık mekanizmaları,sinerjistler,biyokimyasal testler - Abstract
Bu çalışmada Stethorus gilvifrons (Muls.) (Col.:Coccinellidae)’un bir hassas (SSS) ve bir de daha az duyarlı (RSS) popülasyonunda bazı insektisitlere ve akarisitlere duyarlılıklarının saptanması yanında, bu popülasyonların duyarlılıklarıyla ilişkili karboksilesteraz (CarE), sitokrom P450 monooksigenaz (P450) and glutatyon S-transferaz (GST) aktiviteleri değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca, herbir ilacın bir sublethal ayırıcı dozu (~LD20) ile sinerjist maddeler olan S,S,S-tributilfosforotrithioate (DEF), piperonil butoksit (PBO) ve dietil maleyat (DEM) ile karıştırılarak, muhtemel fizyolojik tolerans mekanizmaları test edilmiştir. Bu popülasyonlarda paraoxon ve pirimicarb inhibitörleri kullanılarak, asetilkolinesteraz (AchE)’ın duyarsızlığı saptanmıştır. SSS popülasyonunun LC50 değerleri ile karşılaştırıldığında, RSS popülasyonu abamectin, bifenazate, chlorpyrifos, cyhexatin, hexythiazox ve λ-cyhalothrin’e sırasıyla 2.1, 11.2, 6.7, 1.7, 1.6 ve 2.3-kat daha az duyarlı bulunmuştur. Sonuçta, S. gilvifrons’un dirençli bahçe popülasyonu 4 ilaca orta düzeyde bir duyarlılık kaybı göstermiştir. Substrat ortamı olarak α-naftil asetat ve β- naftil asetat kullanıldığında, CarE aktivitesi RSS’de SSS’ye oranla sırasıyla 1.5 ve 4.3 kat fazla olmuştur. Ayrıca, 1-chloro-2,4- dinitrobenzene ve 2,4dinitro-1-iodobenzene substarları kullanıldığında GST’lerin aktivitesi RSS popülasyonunda önemli olarak sırasıyla 4.3 ve 1.4 kat daha fazla bulunmuştur. İnhibasyon kinetiklerine göre, 1mM primicarb kullanıldığında RSS’nin AchE’i SSS’ye göre 2.5 kat daha duyarsız olmuştur. Sonuç olarak, popülasyonların pestisitlere karşı duyarlılık farkları artan CarE, GST ve P-450 enzim aktivitelerini içeren çoklu fizyolojik mekanizmalarından kaynaklanmıştır
- Published
- 2014
42. Dorcadion pseudopreissi (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), a new turf pest in Turkey, the bio-ecology, population fluctuation and damage on different turf species
- Author
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KUMRAL, Nabi Alper, BİLGİLİ, Uğur, and AÇIKGÖZ, Esvet
- Subjects
Fen ,Longicorn beetle,turf species,population fluctuation,larva damage ,Science ,Teke böceği,çim türleri,popülasyon dalgalanması,larva zararı - Abstract
Bursa ilinde son on yılda çim bitkilerinin köklerinde beslenen Dorcadion pseudopreissi Breuning (Col.: Cerambycidae) larvalarının popülasyon yoğunlukları, böceğin gelişmesi için uygun çim alanların, futbol sahalarının vb. yeni çim alanların çoğalmasıyla oldukça artmıştır ve bir çok çim alanında ekonomik düzeyde zararlar meydana getirmiştir. Sonuçta, bu böcek Bursa ilinin çim alanlarında ana zararlı durumuna gelmiştir. Bu çalışmada 2007 ve 2008 yıllarında D. pseudopreissi’nin doğal koşullarda Lolium perenne L. üzerindeki biyo-ekolojisi ve L. perenne ve diğer Poaceae türlerinden Poa pratensis L., Festuca rubra L., F. arundinacea Schreb ve Agrostis stolonifera L.’deki zarar düzeyleri araştırılmıştır. Ayrıca, ergin popülasyon dalgalanması üç yıl boyunca izlenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, iklim koşullarına bağlı olarak topraktan ergin çıkışı mart ayı ortası veya sonunda meydana gelmiş olup, çiftleşme ve yumurta koyma dönemi mayıs ayı ortası veya sonuna kadar 1-1.5 ay kadar sürmüştür. Larvalar haziran ayı başında çıkış yapmış ve temmuz ayı sonu veya ağustos ayı başına kadar çim bitkilerinin kökleriyle beslenmiştir. Zarar düzeyi ile ilgili çalışmalarda F. arundinacea her iki yılda en az zarar gören çim türü olmuştur. L. perenne, P. pratensis ve F. rubra ise hem istatistikî hem de göreceli olarak en fazla zarara uğrayan türler olmuştur. F. arundinace’de çok az oranda larva zararı saptanmasına rağmen, yine istatistiki ve sayısal olarak en fazla larva bu türde saptanmıştır. Bu da bu çim türünün böceğe karşı oldukça toleranslı olduğunu göstermiştir. Diğer taraftan, A. stolonifera’de erken dönemde zarar belirlenmesine rağmen toprak altında her iki yılda larva bulunamaması bu çim türünün de D. pseudopreissi larvaları için uygun bir konukçu olmadığını göstermiştir, The longicorn beetle, Dorcadion pseudopreissi Breuning (Col.: Cerambycidae) found a new and favourable environment, with expanses of lush turf and pasture grasses for the development of its root-feeding larvae in Bursa city (north-western Anatolia). The pest increased in numbers and spread naturally into new areas such as urban landscape, home lawns and football fields. Its abundance has been appeared to have increased surprisingly in the past decades and then it has caused economic damage on the turf areas. Thus, the beetle has become a major pestin turf areas of Bursa. This study was investigated to establishment the bio-ecology of D. pseudopreissi on Lolium perenne L. during 2007 and 2008 and the damage levels of the turf pest on different turf species namely L. perenne, Poa pratensis L., Festuca rubra L., F. arundinacea Schreb and Agrostis stolonifera L. (Poaceae) in field conditions during 2007-2008. Depending on weather conditions, adults emerge from the soil in mid or late March and are sexually active for ca. 1-1.5 month until middle or early May. The larvae hatch in early June, feed on grass roots during June- mid August. In damage experiments, F. arundinacea was significantly less damaged than all other turf species in the 2007 year. The damage of larvae was relatively far higher in L. perenne, P. pratensis and F. rubra than that of F. arundinacea the 2008 year. In addition, the most number of larvae were found in F. arundinacea, despite the least damage was determined at this turf species. This result shows that F. arundinacea is a tolerance turf species to D. pseudopreissi larvae. In addition, a medium damage was in A. stolonifera, but it was not originated from D. pseudopreissi larvae when the damage results along with larva counting were evaluated. Thus, the result indicated that A. stolonifera is not suitable host for D. pseudopreissi larvae.
- Published
- 2014
43. Biolocigal features and life tables of Tetranychus urticae (Koch) (Acari: Tetranycidae) on different table tomato varieties
- Author
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ATALAY, Esra and KUMRAL, Nabi Alper
- Subjects
İkinoktalı kırmızıörümcek,dayanıklılık,yaşam çizelgesi,popülasyon dalgalanması,domates ,Two-spotted spider mite,resistance,life table,population fluctuation,tomato - Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the host plant resistance to T. urticae by comparing the biodemographic data of the mite, such as survival, development, oviposition, population fluctuation and the life table parameters of T. urticae on four table tomato varieties. Leaflets from four tomato varieties (Swanson, Super Red, Dante and Alsancak) were assayed with the spider mite to detect the mite’s the egg hatching, development duration, survival, sex rates, intrinsic rate (rm), reproductive rate (Ro), mean generation time (To) and gross reproduction rate (GRR). The study showed that when T. urticae fed on different tomato varieties, there is no statistically difference among the total developmental time of the mite, although the differences among varieties were shown in terms of egg hatching and juvenile stages. Whereas, Ro (112,80 and 130,89), To (16,75 and 16,81) and GRR (115,7 and 131,02) of Alsancak and Dante varieties, respectively, were significantly higher than the mite feds on Super Red (Ro =60,4; To = 26,7; GRR = 66,9) and Swanson (Ro =49,4; To = 25,3; GRR = 56,9). The mite population level during 15 days on Alsancak varieties was significantly higher compared with that on other tomato varieties. Thus, the findings indicate a possible susceptible of the Alsancak, which is plant parasitic nematodes resistance variety, against T. urticae. Thus, the results indicate that Swanson variety is more resistant to T. urticae compared with the other tomato varieties., Bu çalışmada T. urticae’nin farklı domates çeşitlerindeki hayatta kalma süresi, gelişimi, ovipozisyon süresi, popülasyon gelişimleri ve yaşam çizelgesi parametreleri gibi biyodemografik verileri karşılaştırmaktır. Dört sofralık domates çeşidinde (Swanson, Süper Red, Dante ve Alsancak) ikinoktalı kırmızıörümceğin yumurta açılımı, gelişme süreleri, hayatta kalma süreleri, cinsiyet oranları, kalıtsal üreme yeteneği (rm ), net üreme gücü (Ro ), ortalama döl süresi (T) ve toplam üreme oranı (GRR) belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmada, T. urticae’nin farklı domates çeşitleri üzerinde beslendiğinde akarın toplam gelişme süreleri arasında istatistiksel bir farklılığın olmadığı ancak yumurta açılımı ve gelişme dönemlerinin çeşitler arasında farklılık gösterdiği bulunmuştur. Alsancak ve Dante çeşitlerinde, Ro (112,80 ve 130,89), To (16,75 ve 16,81) ve GRR (115,7 ve 131,02) yüksek bulunurken; bu değerler Süper Red (Ro = 60.4; To = 26.7; GRR = 66,9) ve Swanson (Ro = 49.4; To = 25.3; GRR = 56.9)’da daha düşük saptanmıştır. Akar popülasyonu 15 gün boyunca Alsancak çeşidinde diğer domates çeşitleriyle karşılaştırıldığında önemli derecede yüksek olmuştur. Böylece, Alsancak çeşidinin diğer çeşitlerle karşılaştırıldığında parazitik nematodlara karşı dayanıklı olmasına rağmen T. urticae’ye karşı hassasiyet gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, Swanson çeşidi diğer domates çeşitlerine göre T. urticae’ye en dayanıklı çeşit olarak saptanmıştır.
- Published
- 2014
44. Bursa ili zeytin bahçelerinde zeytin fidan tırtılı, Palpita unionalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)'in popülasyon dalgalanması üzerinde araştırmalar
- Author
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KOVANCI, Bahattin, KUMRAL, Nabi Alper, and AKBUDAK, Bülent
- Subjects
Palpita unionalis,popülasyon dalgalanması,zeytin,Bursa - Abstract
Investigations on the population fluctuation of olive pyralid, Palpita unionalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in olive groves in Bursa Province of Turkey This study was conducted to determine the population fluctuation of Palpita unionalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), and to provide essential fundamental biological data for managing this pest in olive groves in Bursa during 2001 and 2002. Studies were carried out at weekly intervals in each olive grove, Gölyazı, Kumyaka and Gündoğdu, which were located at three ecological areas. Population fluctuation of larvae was monitored by counting larvae on a total of twenty shoots (25 cm long) collected at different heights from ten trees at each olive grove. In conclusion, it was determined that P. unionalis larvae appeared on late July or early August and had three peaks in August, September and October or November in both years at the olive groves of Bursa. During late July and late December, the olive pyralid gives 2 complete and 1 partial generations in the olive groves. Additionally, the larval populations surprisingly increased during October-November and the populations showed a decreasing trend during the average temperatures around the lower threshold temperature (9 ºC) for P. unionalis, in late November. P. unionalis unable to complete third generation overwintered as last larval instar in late December
- Published
- 2014
45. Development and Validation of A Fast Multi Residue Method For 15 High Polar Pesticides in Tomato Samples Using LCMS/MS.
- Author
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Hazarhun, Gulden, Gümül, Burcu, Maden, Büşra, Arabacı, Ecem Ezgi, Ertaş, Simge, and Kumral, Nabi Alper
- Subjects
TOMATO yields ,PESTICIDES ,BROMATES ,MASS spectrometry - Abstract
The high polar chemicals, such as aminomethylphosphonic acid, bromate, bromide, chlorate, chlormequat, cyromazine, diquat, ethephon, fosetly-al, mepiquat, N-acetyl-glufosinate, perchlorate, phosphonic acid, propylene-thiourea and trimethyl sulfonium, are plant growth regulators, fertilizers, pesticides or pesticide metabolites. Their residual level in fresh foods is regulated in European Union and Türkiye. But, direct analysis of these compounds have always been challenging since they cannot be extracted easily using Quick Polar Pesticides Extraction (QuPPe) method. Unstable retention times and chromatographically very long detection periods are the other major problems of the analysis. It is necessary to develop a more rapid and robust chromatographic analysis method. In this study, a multiresidue analysis method was developed and verified for the detection of polar compounds in tomato matrix using LC MS/MS. The compounds were extracted using a methanolbased very short sample preparation method. All 15 compounds were analysed simultaneously in a single run with a total analysis period of less than 4 minutes though changing column specification and buffer formulation. The validation data of all compounds obtained in LC-MS/MS analysis was quite reliable and were in line with the SANTE 11312/2021 Guideline. Calibration results for 6 concentrations from 10 to 400 µg kg
-1 , showed good linearity (R² = 0.990 - 0.999). In addition, interference and retention time shift were not detected. Average recovery rates were between 84.03 and 119.65% for all compounds, when tested with 10 and 50 µg kg-1 concentrations, respectively. The maximum RSD values of repeatability (RSDr ) varied between 0.74 and 18.31% for same concentrations of the compounds. The maximum RSD values of reproducibility (RSDwR ) for same concentrations were between 2.94 and 18.62%. Low LOQ values (6.00 to 8.09 µg kg-1 ) were achieved for all compounds. The validated LOQ values were under the lowest Maximum Residue Limits of European Union of the compounds for tomato sample. This study was funded by Perla Fruit Company with the grant number ULUTEK STB079417. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. The biodiversity, density and population trend of mites (Acari) on Capsicum annuum L. in temperate and semi-arid zones of Turkey
- Author
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Çobanoğlu, Sultan, primary and Kumral, Nabi Alper, additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. A new Tetranychus Dufour (Acari: Tetranychidae) associated with Solanaceae from Turkey
- Author
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10999876 - Ueckermann, Edward Albert, Cobanoglu, Sultan, Ueckermann, Edward Albert, Kumral, Nabi Alper, 10999876 - Ueckermann, Edward Albert, Cobanoglu, Sultan, Ueckermann, Edward Albert, and Kumral, Nabi Alper
- Abstract
A new plant-feeding mite species, Tetranychus solanacearum Çobanoğlu & Ueckermann sp. nov. (Acari: Tetranychidae), is described and illustrated. The samples were collected from various solanaceous plants (Solanaceae) [black nightshade (Solanum nigrum L.), bittersweet nightshade (Solanum dulcamara L.), eggplant (Solanum melongena L.), spiny nightshade (Solanum rostratum Dunal), jimsonweed or datura (Datura stramonium L.), and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.)] in Ankara Province, Turkey. A key to all species of the genus Tetranychus Dufour known to occur in Turkey is presented in the paper
- Published
- 2015
48. A reservoir weed for mites:Datura stramoniumL. (Solanaceae) in the vicinity of cultivated solanaceous plants in Turkey
- Author
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Kumral, Nabi Alper, primary and Çobanoğlu, Sultan, additional
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. The potential of the nightshade plants (Solanaceae) as reservoir plants for pest and predatory mites
- Author
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Kumral, Nabi Alper, primary and Çobanoğlu, Sultan, additional
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Screening tomato varietal resistance against the two-spotted spider mite [Tetranychus urticae(Koch)]
- Author
-
Keskin, Narin, primary and Kumral, Nabi Alper, additional
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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