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Background/Objective: Juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) is a rarely encountered skin disorder, which is characterized by the proliferation of non‐Langerhans cell histiocytes. As JXG primarily affects infants and young children, this study aims to describe the epidemiologic, clinical, and histopathologic characteristics of 44 children diagnosed with JXG at a tertiary health care center. Methods: Fourty‐four children with a histopathologic diagnosis of JXG between January 2003 and January 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Data related to epidemiologic, clinical, and histopathologic features were extracted from hospital records. Results: The mean age of the affected patients was 4.6 years old (range: 0–17 years old) at the time of diagnosis. Twenty‐five patients (56.8%) were male, and 19 patients were female (43.2%). Thirty‐six children (81.8%) had solitary JXG, one of which was a giant congenital JXG; eight children (18.2%) had eruptive JXG. The heterozygote mutation associated with neurofibromatosis 1 gene was detected in one patient who had both eruptive JXG and numerous café‐au‐lait spots. Another patient with eruptive JXG was identified to have hypercholesterolemia. None of the children with eruptive JXG developed symptoms or signs of extracutaneous involvement during their clinical follow‐up. Conclusion: Since JXG is rarely encountered, there may be a tendency toward over‐treatment, given concerns for extracutaneous involvement. However, our review revealed no instances of extracutaneous involvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Alopecia areata (AA); is a sudden onset, non-scaring hair loss. Twenty percent of cases are children. Although it is thought to be related to genetic predisposition, inflammation, immunological processes or psychological triggers, its pathophysiology is still not fully understood. This study was planned to investigate the levels of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D, vitamin B12, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free T4 FT4) in children with AA and compare the results with age-matched healthy individuals. Methods: A retrospective medical record review was carried out in an outpatient dermatology clinic in a tertiary medical center between January 1,2013 and December 31, 2017. The study included 520 patients (ages 0-18 years) who received a clinical diagnosis of AA.106 patients with AA met the inclusion criteria. Patients in the control group (n=106) were selected among children aged 0-18 years without any medical and/or psychiatric diagnosis. Both past medical and family medical history were also noted. Results of laboratory tests including vitamin D, vitamin B12, TSH, FT4, and thyroid auto-antibodies were noted. Results: There was no significant difference between the patient and control groups in terms of mean age. Mean age of onset was 8.0 years. The number of boys and girls in both the patient and control groups were 55 and 51. Serum levels of FT4 and TSH in patients with AA were significantly higher than the control group. Both vitamin D and vitamin B12 levels of the patients with AA were significantly lower than the control group. Conclusion: Although its role in etiopathogenesis is not understood, the importance of monitoring both vitamins and thyroid functions in childhood AA cases is obvious. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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“Drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms” (DRESS) syndrome is a rare but life-threatening systemic severe adverse drug hypersensitive reaction. The syndrome is characterized by maculopapular rash, fever, lymphadenopathy and single or multiple organ involvement as liver, lung, heart and kidney. The pathogenesis of the syndrome is not clarified completely. It has been suggested that causative drug may induce hypersensitivity as a result of abnormalities in the production and detoxification of its active metabolites. In this report we aimed to present a 13 years old female with DRESS syndrome induced by sulfasalazine and amoxicillin. He had been taking sulfasalazine for seven weeks for treatment of seronegative spondylarthritis and taking amoxicillin for three days for tonsillopharyngitis. We want to remark to this syndrome because of its life-threatening course. Promt withdrawal of the offending drug/drugs following rapid diagnosis is only undisputed way to treat this syndrome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neonatal subcutaneous fat necrosis (NSFN) is a rare form of panniculitis that occurs in term infants who experience birth trauma, meconium aspiration or therapeutic cooling in the first week of life. Although most cases of NSFN resolve spontaneously, it may be associated with metabolic complications as hypercalsemia, hypoglycaemia, hypertriglyceridemia or with heamatological complications as anemia and thrombocytopenia. Because the disease is rarely seen, we want to report the case of term newborn who did not have any metabolic and heamatologic complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To examine family functioning, psychopathology, quality of life in children and adolescents diagnosed with alopecia areata (AA), and to investigate the relationship between sociodemographic and disease-related variables. Method: 45 patients from 2 to 18 years of age were examined retrospectively. The Family Assessment Device (FAD), the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL), the Children Depression Inventory (CDI) and the sociodemographic data sheet were used. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 18.0 software. Results: Of the subjects assessed, the mean age was 9.22±3.79 and 55.6% were female. The FAD affective involvement and behaviour control subscales demonstrated impairment in the entire case group (>2). 42.2% of the cases received at least one psychiatric diagnosis. Presence of psychiatric comorbidity caused impairment in all the subscales of depression, FAD general functioning, parental quality of life psychosocial health, and pediatric quality of life. A psychosocial trigger incident was detected in 51.1% of the cases. In cases, however, where no trigger incident was detected, CDI and PedsQL showed significant impairment in all the subscales (p<0.05). Lesion intensity was found positively associated only with the number of attacks and duration of the disease. Conclusion: Family functioning in AA patients is impaired in the subscales of affective involvement and behaviour control. Although psychosocial trigger incidents are common in AA, they may not be associated with psychopathology, quality of life and family functioning. Psychiatric comorbidity emerged as the factor which impaired the quality of life most. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lymphangioma circumscriptum is a rare hamartomatous condition characterized by clear vesicles which can be present at birth or soon after in localized areas of the skin. Lesions are often reminiscent of the frog spawn, grouped and in a herpetiform pattern. As vesicles of 3-4 mm in diameter may be clear, they consist of pink, red, black haemorrhage. The most common locations are proximal aspect of the limbs, buttock, groin, axillary folds,neck and oral mucosa especially the tongue. In addition to congenital lesions, acquired lesions may also occur. Such lesions are usually located vulvar and perianal area and can be seen after surgical procedures, radiation therapy and infection. In this article, three cases of congenital Lymphangioma circumscriptum which are in different locations and which shows different clinical progression are reported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Pediatric Infection / Çocuk Enfeksiyon Dergisi is the property of Journal of Pediatric Infection / Cocuk Enfeksiyon Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)