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The building sector benefits from high-strength lightweight concrete (HSLWC) in various aspects, particularly in reducing the structure’s dead load. Incorporating waste materials into HSLWC encourages sustainable practices, reduces their environmental effect, and decreases product’s costs. This research focuses on producing sustainable HSLWC using a pumice stone and additive materials such as sugar molasses, silica fume, and high-range water reduction. The physical and mechanical properties and structural efficiency were investigated. The results demonstrate that the inclusion of additive material is the primary factor controlling the properties of the concrete. Also, using pumice stone instead of gravel in high-strength concrete significantly reduced weight and increased thermal insulation by 19.31 and 43.55%, respectively. Furthermore, the addition of steel fibers in HSLWC improved the compressive strength, tensile strength, ductility, and structural efficiency.

The resolution of a first-order mathematical system effectively tackles a wide range of physical problems. The technique illustrates that the quantity of authorised variables in the system may be depicted by the activities that need to be evaluated for cost, and that the system takes into consideration the connections between these costs. Mathematical systems adhere to primary conditions, resulting in derived solutions that are specific and reliant on a single independent variable representing the temporal aspect in cost computation. This enables the forecast of costs in future years. This study confronts the inadequacies found in traditional cost allocation methods used for organizational budgeting, often leading to a biased allocation of costs to departments, irrespective of their profitability. We introduce an innovative method that employs first-order linear differential equations to model the cost dynamics associated with various activities within an organization. Moreover, an innovative transformation technique is presented to solve these equation systems efficiently, thereby enabling a precise computation of activity-based costs over a three-year projection. The results illustrate that the proposed method provides a more precise and insightful budget allocation, suggesting potential applications for financial planning and management across diverse sectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, the formulas of set solution for linear mathematical systems of the second order are derived whether subject to or not subject to initial conditions. In addition to a set of supporting examples have been resolved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Patients undergoing hemodialysis are at an increased risk of contracting viral infections. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of GBV-C infections and to evaluate their clinical importance in hemodialysis patients. This one center cross-section study was carried out for 100 patients attending Al-Kindy center for hemodialysis in Baghdad, Iraq. Serum samples were tested by reverse transcription nested polymerase chain reaction (nested RT-PCR) for GBV-C detection and for liver function evaluation. GBV-C RNA was detected in 35% of hemodialysis patients, 17/48 (35.4%) in HCV positive patients, while 18/52 (34.6%) without HCV. GBV-C infection had no significant association with HCV status among hemodialysis patients, and also no significant association with age, sex and liver enzyme. Patients who have GBV-C have a much longer hemodialysis period than those who do not have GBV-C. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis showed that ten GBV-C local isolates were related to GBV-C genotype 2; however, two pairs of the local isolates were completely identical (100%), which could be an indicator for nosocomial transmission among hemodialysis unit. In conclusion, GBV-C did not seem to contribute to increasing the level of liver enzyme or the severity of HCV infection in hemodialysis patients, and so mandatory screening for GBV-C is not recommended for hemodialysis patients at this time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) are at increased risk for contracting viral infections. This is due to their underlying impaired cellular immunity, which increases their susceptibility to infection, in addition, the process of HD requires blood transfusion that further increased the risk of exposure to infectious agents for a prolonged period. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of SEN-V infection in hemodialysis patients by nested PCR. This cross-section study was carried out for 100 hemodialysis patients attending one hemodialysis center at Al-Kindy hospital in Baghdad government from December 2020 to February 2021, (60 was males and 40 females), their mean age was (51.17±15.69 S.D.) years. Forty-eight (48) with HCV infection, while (52) were HCV negative. Nested conventional PCR was used to detected SENV infection, The results in this study showed that, SENV was found in (17%), that were (6 out 48, 12.5%) in patients with HCV, while (11 out 52, 21.2 %) in patients with HCV negative and there was no significant association with HCV status among hemodialysis patients. The frequency of SENV-H was (13 out 17, 76.48%) which higher than SENV-D (2 out 17, 11.76%) and co-infection of SENVH and D was (2 of 17, 11.76%), however statistically did not reach the level of significance. In addition, there was no significant association with demographic, clinical characteristics and risk factors for SENV (SENV-H and SENV-D) infection, In conclusion, SENV did not seem to contribute to increase the level of liver enzyme or the severity of HCV infection in hemodialysis diseases, therefore mandatory screening for SENV not recommended for hemodialysis patients at this time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To clarify the bond strength of Theracem in comparison to other types of adhesive material, in addition to testing the adhesive remnant index (ARI). Material and Methods: A hundred extracted human premolars were collected for orthodontic purposes. Teeth were stored in 1% Chloramine-T trihydrate as bacteriostatic/bactericidal solution for one week; then, they were transmitted into distilled water. The buccal surface of the studied teeth was kept under surveillance and mounted in acrylic block. Siamese metal preadjusted premolar brackets were fixed on the buccal surface using three adhesive cements: Bisco ORTHO, GC Fuji ORTHO LC (Light Cure) and Theracem. The teeth were randomly divided into five groups of 20 specimens each. Group 1 (G1) used 37% phosphoric acid gel, Bisco primer, and Bisco adhesive. Group 2 (G2) used GC Fuji ORTHO LC (Light Cure) without etching. Group 3 (G3) used GC Fuji ORTHO LC (Light Cure) with etching. Group 4 (G4) used Theracem without etching. Group 5 (G5) used Theracem with etching. All the tested specimens were kept at 370°C in a distilled water bath for 24 h. Shear bond strength (SBS) was conducted using a universal microcomputer-controlled electronic test machine. Then, specimens' surfaces were assessed under a stereomicroscope with a 10× magnification to examine the orthodontics adhesive residue's buccal surface and scored using ARI. Results: The G4 exhibited the lowest mean bond strength value (M = 11.24, SD = 3.52), whereas G3 yielded the highest bond strength value (M = 25.02, SD = 3.41). The variance analysis revealed F = 61.71, indicating a significant difference among the bond strength values (P < .001). Tukey HSD post hoc testing demonstrated a significant difference in bond strength among groups, except G2 with G1 and G3. Kruskal-Wallis test showed statistically significant differences among all groups (P < .001). On comparison, the least adhesives that remained on the tooth surface were in G4 and G5. Conclusion: Theracem bonding system provides many advantages, as there is no need for an acid-etching step, it is easy to manipulate, and it provides a very suitable S.B.S. with no enamel detachment during debonding. Also, scores 0 and 1 in the ARI test lead to a decrease in enamel damage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The circumventricular organs (CVOs) are peculiar structures that border the brain ventricles, they are highly vascularized and lined by a specialized ependymal cells called tanycytes. There are seven CVOs that are generally characterized by deficient blood brain barrier and can be classified into two main groups (sensory& secretory CVOs). The sulcus medianus organum (SMO) is a previously described CVO, is located at the floor of the fourth ventricle at the rostral part of median sulcus, little information is available about this region of the brain. This research performed an immunohistochemical study considering the astrocytes and the ependymal lining of this region to explore the previous observations that suggest it as a CVO. Twenty adult male rats (Rattus Norvegius Albinus) aged 3-6 months were used to study the immunohistochemistry of the SMO & the median eminence (ME) which was used as a control region since it was a known CVO lined by specialized ependymal cells (tanycytes). The immunohistochemical study involved the use of (ZO-1 antibody) to detect the tight junctions and (GFAP antibody) to evaluate the distribution of the astrocytes and their foot processes in this region. The immunohistochemical labeling findings showed a ZO-1 antibody reactivity that forms a continuous green line at the apical aspects of the ependymal lining of both SMO & ME. The GFAP antibody labeling in the ME region was most marked at the lateral aspects at a sub-ependymal level while that of the SMO showed a sporadic distribution of the astrocytes. Conclusively, the SMO region contain an ependymal lining cells that could be regarded as a tanycytes-like cells & The GFAP immunohistochemical reactivity in the region of SMO showed diffuse stellate astrocytes that may indicate the formation of glia limitans related to blood brain barrier in this region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the effect of using different food simulant materials on the shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic bracket after Icon application. DESIGHN: Laboratory study. SETTING: Pediatric dentistry, Orthodontics & Prevention dentistry department, Dentistry College, Kufa University & department of materials, Technology university. Methods: Metal brackets were bonded to 48 extracted premolars and were randomly arrange for three categories with 16 teeth for each, revealing the storage solutions, which were distilled water, 50% aqueous ethanol (alcoholic food), and corn oil (fatty food). Then each category was split for two subgroups, with 8 teeth describing Icon application, all specimens are immersed in their corresponding food simulants for 30 days. After the completed proposed time, the specimens were debonded by using an Instron apparatus to test the SBS. Results: Results showed significantly diminished the bond strength of orthodontic adhesive after holding the specimens for 30 days in the food simulants specially ethanol (highest for 50% ethanol, less for corn oil & least for D.W). Icon categories showed higher SBS rather than non-Icon categories. Conclusion: Application of Icon on enamel will increase the bond strength & the food simulating agents especially food and rinses containing ethanol could influence the orthodontic bond strength which causes bond failure so that the clinicians should inform their patients concerning their possible adverse effects and complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper aims to use throughput accounting as an approach for developing cost accounting systems in the modern manufacturing environment to evaluate the organization performance. The sample consists of (60) persons in organization for examining the hypotheses. The findings show that information provided by throughput accounting helps in measuring costs and evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of performance in the organization. This approach supports planning and control processes to maximize throughput and reduce inventory levels. The use of Throughput Accounting under the Theory of Constraints leads to finding solutions to bottlenecks that affect the efficiency and effectiveness of performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to investigate the immunohistochemical changes in ZO-1 antibody in neonatal mice prefrontal cortex after injection of mothers with anesthetic doses of ketamine during different periods of pregnancy. A total of 60 adult female and 15 male mice (Swiss albino mice, Mus musculus) 8-12 weeks of age and weighing 25-40 gm. In this study 60 pregnant mice were divided into three groups (20 mice in each group). Each group was divided into two equal subgroups; control and experimental. The control groups were injected with distilled water intraperitoneally six times a week at the first, second and third week of pregnancy respectively. The experimental groups were injected intraperitoneally with anesthetic dose of ketamine hydrochloride (50 mg/kg) during the first, second and third week of pregnancy respectively. Each group was injected six times at 24 hr. interval at day 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 of first, second and third week respectively using a 30-gauge needle. Mice neonates were sacrificed by decapitation at age of one day. Routine histological tissue processing was done, immunohistochemistry was done for detection of ZO-1 expression. Results of group 1 showed the fluorescent reactivity appeared higher at the area of external granular layer, group 2 showed even distribution of the fluorescent reactivity all over the section. Immunohistochemical staining of this group showed higher fluorescent reactivity to Anti-ZO1 fluorescent marker than control. The conclusion made from the ZO-1 IHC reactivity of this study regarding the disturbances of the newborn ZO-1 protein building in the gap junctions of the primitive immature neurons as a feature of defected synaptogenesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many techniques were developed for enamel polishing after orthodontic bracket debonding to keep the enamel surface as smooth as possible to pretreatment condition, in addition to many bracket adhesives used for orthodontic brackets bonding. This study aimed to compare the effect of two different adhesive materials and polishing protocols on enamel surface roughness after debonding of orthodontic brackets. Forty maxillary premolars were divided into four groups, orthodontic brackets were bonded using two different adhesive materials (Resilience LC Orthodontic Adhesive from Orthotechnology and Bisco Ortho bracket paste LC from Bisco). After brackets debonding adhesive remnants were removed using carbide bur followed by either Enhance Finishing tip then Prisma Gloss Polishing Cup with Prisma Gloss Polishing Paste or High Shine Enamel Polisher and Astropol green polishing cups. Then Atomic force microscope was used to evaluate surface roughness parameters among groups. The roughness data were statistically analyzed with Tukey post hoc test. Results showed significantly lower surface roughness parameters with Bisco Ortho bracket paste group compared with Resilience LC Orthodontic Adhesive group when both were polished with Enhance Finishing tip and Prisma Gloss Polishing Paste. Additionally, significantly lower Sz (Ten points height) value was seen with Bisco Ortho bracket paste group polished with Enhance Finishing tip and Prisma Gloss Polishing Paste in comparison with Resilience LC Orthodontic Adhesive polished with High Shine Enamel Polisher and Astropol green polishing cups. Pre-mounted, aluminum oxide impregnated, cured urethane dimethacrylate resin finishers tips (Enhance finishing tips) with a fine-grit aluminum-oxide polishing paste (Prisma Gloss Polishing Paste) could produce smoother enamel surface than 5 micron diamond grit suspended in resilient silicone tip (high shine enamel polisher) followed by Multipleuse polishing cups consist of silicone rubber and silicon carbide particles (Astropol green polishing cups) when Bisco Ortho bracket paste LC used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]