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5. Behavioral, physiological, and hormonal responses during pre-slaughter handling in goats: A comparison between trained and untrained handlers

Author

Kumar, Pavan, primary, Abubakar, Ahmed Abubakar, additional, Ahmed, Muideen Adewale, additional, Hayat, Muhammad Nizam, additional, Halim, Fakhrullah Abd, additional, Rahman, Md. Moklesur, additional, Ajat, Mokrish, additional, Kaka, Ubedullah, additional, Goh, Yong-Meng, additional, and Sazili, Awis Qurni, additional

Published
2024
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7. Investigating the impact of preslaughter handling intensity on goats: a study on behavior, physiology, blood enzymes, and hormonal responses.

Author

Al-Owaimer, Abdullah N., Suliman, Gamaleldin M., Alobre, Mohsen M., Swelum, Ayman A., Al-Badwi, Mohammed A., Ba-Awadh, Hani, Sazili, Awis Qurni, Kumar, Pavan, and Kaka, Ubedullah

Subjects
GOATS, ANIMAL welfare, PHYSIOLOGY, LACTATE dehydrogenase, MEAT quality
Abstract

Introduction: The present study evaluated the effect of preslaughter stress intensities on the behavioral, physiological, blood biochemicals, and hormonal responses in goats. Methods: Twenty-seven intact male goats (Ardi breed, 10 months of age, 27 kg liveweight) were divided into three treatment groups viz., the control (C) group, ear pulling (EP) group, and leg pulling (LP) group. Various behavioral, physiological, blood biochemical and hormonal responses were recorded before and after handling. Results and Discussion: The EP and LP goats had a higher frequency and intensity of vocalization as compared to control goats. The preslaughter handling stress intensities had a significant effect on the before and after handling values of heart rate, respiration rate, rectal temperature, and ear temperature. Further, among groups, the glucose value increased significantly upon preslaughter handling as compared to the baseline value. The LP goats had significantly higher after-handling value for lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) as compared to the before-handling value. The catecholamines (adrenaline and noradrenaline) and β-endorphin concentrations increased significantly upon preslaughter handling. The higher physiological, behavioral, blood biochemical, and hormonal response indicated higher preslaughter stress in EP and LP goats. Both levels of intensity revealed unfavorable responses in goats that may adversely affect animal welfare and meat quality. Thus, to ensure minimal adverse effects on behavior, physiology, blood enzymes, and hormonal responses, it is recommended to follow animal welfare principles when implementing preslaughter handling practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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8. New insights in improving sustainability in meat production: opportunities and challenges.

Author

Kumar, Pavan, Abubakar, Abubakar Ahmed, Verma, Akhilesh Kumar, Umaraw, Pramila, Adewale Ahmed, Muideen, Mehta, Nitin, Nizam Hayat, Muhammad, Kaka, Ubedullah, and Sazili, Awis Qurni

Subjects
FEED utilization efficiency, SUSTAINABILITY, GREENHOUSE gases, INDUSTRIAL ecology, LIVESTOCK farms, ANIMAL welfare, PRECISION farming
Abstract

Treating livestock as senseless production machines has led to rampant depletion of natural resources, enhanced greenhouse gas emissions, gross animal welfare violations, and other ethical issues. It has essentially instigated constant scrutiny of conventional meat production by various experts and scientists. Sustainably in the meat sector is a big challenge which requires a multifaced and holistic approach. Novel tools like digitalization of the farming system and livestock market, precision livestock farming, application of remote sensing and artificial intelligence to manage production and environmental impact/GHG emission, can help in attaining sustainability in this sector. Further, improving nutrient use efficiency and recycling in feed and animal production through integration with agroecology and industrial ecology, improving individual animal and herd health by ensuring proper biosecurity measures and selective breeding, and welfare by mitigating animal stress during production are also key elements in achieving sustainability in meat production. In addition, sustainability bears a direct relationship with various social dimensions of meat production efficiency such as non-market attributes, balance between demand and consumption, market and policy failures. The present review critically examines the various aspects that significantly impact the efficiency and sustainability of meat production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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12. Potential Alternatives of Animal Proteins for Sustainability in the Food Sector.

Author

Kumar, Pavan, Mehta, Nitin, Abubakar, Ahmed Abubakar, Verma, Akhilesh Kumar, Kaka, Ubedullah, Sharma, Neelesh, Sazili, Awis Qurni, Pateiro, Mirian, Kumar, Manoj, and Lorenzo, José M.

Subjects
FOOD industry, IN vitro meat, EDIBLE insects, FOOD safety, PROTEINS, EDIBLE mushrooms
Abstract

With the ever-increasing global population, it is impossible to meet the demand for animal protein by relying only on conventional methods due to the depleting natural resources. It is very challenging to ensure a sustainable supply of animal proteins from a single source or form and requires a holistic approach by using all suitable options. The present review critically reviewed various technological, sustainability, nutritional value, regulatory framework, food safety challenge, and prospect aspects of plant-based meat analogs, in vitro meat, edible insect, and single-cell proteins as suitable candidates for future food security and supply of animal protein in a sustainable way. For in vitro meat, the technological challenge in the supply of raw inputs, large-size bioreactors, and scale-up remains a major issue. Although having a lower environmental impact, the acceptance of edible insects to more comprehensive sections and associated food safety risks remains a major concern. There is a need for uniform and proper regulations of these alternatives/novel foods across the globe, covering various aspects throughout the food supply chain. Plant-based meat analogs, in vitro meat, insects, and single-cell proteins along with conventional meat can meet the demand for high-quality protein in the near future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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17. Roles of Sodium Hydrogen Exchanger (NHE1) and Anion Exchanger (AE2) across Chondrocytes Plasma Membrane during Longitudinal Bone Growth

Author

Abubakar, Adamu Abdul, primary, Ali, Ahmed Khalaf, additional, Ibrahim, Sahar Mohammed, additional, Handool, Kareem Obayes, additional, Khan, Mohammad Shuaib, additional, Mustapha, Noordin Mohamed, additional, Ibrahim, Tengku Azmi Tengku, additional, Kaka, Ubedullah, additional, and Yusof, Loqman Mohamad, additional

Published
2022
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23. The Effects of Stocking Density and Distances on Electroencephalographic Changes and Cortisol as Welfare Indicators in Brahman Crossbred Cattle

Author

Abubakar, Ahmed A., primary, Zulkifli, Idrus, additional, Goh, Yong M., additional, Kaka, Ubedullah, additional, Sabow, Azad B., additional, Awad, Elmutaz A., additional, Imlan, Jurhamid C., additional, Othman, Azalea H., additional, Raghazli, Razlina, additional, Mitin, Helen, additional, and Sazili, Awis Q., additional

Published
2021
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33. Benefits of Incorporating Atipamezole in Medetomidine-ketamine Anaesthesia in Pigeons.

Author

Memon, Atta Muhammad, Kaka, Ubedullah, Umer, Muhammad, Kamboh, Asghar Ali, Ahmed Behan, Atique, Janyaro, Habibullah, Goh, Yong Meng, Kalhoro, Amir Bukhsh, Abu, Jalila, Bhutto, Khaleeq ur Rehman, and Maqbool, Arsalan

Abstract

Smooth recovery from anaesthesia is vital in the restrain and surgery of animals, including birds. In birds, ketamine is often combined with alph2 agonists, which are respiratory depressants to ensure safe or balanced anaesthesia. The timing of administration and the effect on recovery for specific alhpa2 agonist antidotes in birds have not been widely investigated. This study was conducted to assess the reversal effects of atipamezole administered at the first sign of recovery on medetomidine-ketamine anaesthesia in pigeons. Twelve pigeons were administered with 1) medetomidine as a pre-anaesthetic at 120 µg/Kg, followed 10 min later by ketamine at 30 mg/Kg (MK group) and 2) Medetomidine and ketamine followed by atipamezole (MKA group). Medetomidine produced moderate sedation within 3.08 ± 0.21 min. Medetomidine-ketamine produced smooth and excitement free induction of anaesthesia in pigeons. Ketamine produced surgical anaesthesia within 4.58 ± 0.68 min. Duration of anaesthesia was 55.79 ± 4.51 min. Vital parameters - pulse rate, respiratory rate and cloacal temperatures decreased significantly after premedication as well as during anaesthesia in the MK group which served as the control. The MKA group significantly increased (P < 0.001) the pulse rate, respiratory rate and cloacal temperature compared to MK group that indicated a reversal effect of atipamezole. Atipamezole incorporated into medetomidine-ketamine anaesthesia produced quicker recovery (P < 0.01) in 44.17 ± 3.01 min compared to 62.5 ± 4.64 min in MK group. Atipamezole significantly (P < 0.05) decreased the duration of anaesthesia and duration of other recovery indices. Recovery was generally smooth in all birds. Atipamezole at 60 µg/Kg produced rapid recovery from anaesthesia 18 min earlier than MK group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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38. Nontraditional Feedstuffs as an Alternative in Poultry Feed

Author

Kaka, Ubedullah, Alshelmani, Mohamed Idris, Abdalla, Emhimmad, and Basit, Muhammad Abdul

Subjects
Technology & Engineering / Agriculture
Abstract

Soybean meal and yellow corn are conventional feedstuffs used as the main ingredients in poultry feeds due to their high nutrients availability. On the other hand, these two feedstuffs are high in demand by other animals (soybean meal) and humans (yellow corn). By the year 2050, the world’s population is expected to increase up to 9.1 billion. Global consumption of poultry products, such as meat or eggs is increasing predominantly in developing countries. Consequently, the global demand for poultry feedstuffs would increase. The availability of feedstuffs for poultry nutrition nowadays is becoming more competitive. Thus, food security, especially in the developing countries, would be threatened. Currently, efforts are being made to use alternative feedstuffs to substitute portion of soybean meal and yellow corn in poultry diets. This chapter discusses the alternative feedstuffs that can be incorporated in poultry feeds. In addition, the nutritive content and availability are examined as well as how to improve the nutritive quality of such nontraditional feedstuffs.

Published
2018

39. The Effects of Sea and Road Transport on Physiological and Electroencephalographic Responses in Brahman Crossbred Heifers

Author

Zulkifli, Idrus, primary, Abubakar, Ahmed A., additional, Sazili, Awis Q., additional, Goh, Yong M., additional, Imlan, Jurhamid C., additional, Kaka, Ubedullah, additional, Sabow, Azad B., additional, Awad, Elmutaz A., additional, Othman, Azalea H., additional, Raghazali, Razlina, additional, Phillips, Clive J.C., additional, Quaza Nizamuddin, Hassan N., additional, and Mitin, Helen, additional

Published
2019
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44. Carcase characteristics and meat quality assessments in goats subjected to slaughter without stunning and slaughter following different methods of electrical stunning

Author

Sabow, Azad Behnan, primary, Adeyemi, Kazeem Dauda, additional, Idrus, Zulkifli, additional, Meng, Goh Yong, additional, Ab Kadir, Mohd Zainal Abidin, additional, Kaka, Ubedullah, additional, Aghwan, Zeiad Amjad, additional, Abubakar, Ahmed Abubakar, additional, and Sazili, Awis Qurni, additional

Published
2017
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48. Bleeding Efficiency, Microbiological Quality and Oxidative Stability of Meat from Goats Subjected to Slaughter without Stunning in Comparison with Different Methods of Pre-Slaughter Electrical Stunning

Author

Sabow, Azad Behnan, primary, Zulkifli, Idrus, additional, Goh, Yong Meng, additional, Ab Kadir, Mohd Zainal Abidin, additional, Kaka, Ubedullah, additional, Imlan, Jurhamid Columbres, additional, Abubakar, Ahmed Abubakar, additional, Adeyemi, Kazeem Dauda, additional, and Sazili, Awis Qurni, additional

Published
2016
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