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The concept of zero energy has emerged as the flagship for the achievement of energy conservation and CO2 emissions reduction in the built environment. The implementation of the concept beyond single buildings offers the potential of expanding the scale of zero energy performance while overcoming the limitations of single buildings related to building use, size, on-site renewable energy availability and cost. Literature to date has discussed the zero energy concept at neighborhood scale mostly by looking at theoretical and simulated cases, including both existing and new developments. All types of energy use can be considered for achieving a zero energy balance at neighborhood scale or only the building related component. Often research focuses on Renewable Energy sizing and management for achieving the balance. The present paper analyses the real data obtained from the first year of monitoring of a pilot Zero Energy Neighborhood. A comprehensive monitoring schema, with a Web-GIS monitoring platform at its core, has been developed for the measurement and verification campaign. Performance analysis has shown that the pilot neighborhood has achieved the targets set for the net regulated consumption, renewable energy production, and cost. When considering the total consumption and PV production of the neighborhood, the first five months of monitoring starting from the beginning of summer, it has achieved a positive balance. Overall, the neighborhood has achieved a positive energy balance on a yearly basis for its regulated energy needs.

Measurement and verification (M&V) has become necessary for ensuring intended design performance. Currently, M&V procedures and calculation methods exist for the assessment of Energy Conservation Measures (ECM) for existing buildings, with a focus on reliable baseline model creation and savings estimation, as well as for reducing the computation time, uncertainties, and M&V costs. There is limited application of rigorous M&V procedures in the design, delivery and operation of low/zero energy dwellings and settlements. In the present paper, M&V for four pilot net-zero energy settlements has been designed and implemented. The M&V has been planned, incorporating guidance from existing protocols, linked to the project development phases, and populated with lessons learned through implementation. The resulting framework demonstrates that M&V is not strictly linked to the operational phase of a project but is rather an integral part of the project management and development. Under this scope, M&V is an integrated, iterative process that is accompanied by quality control in every step. Quality control is a significant component of the M&V, and the proposed quality control procedures can support the preparation and implementation of automated M&V. The proposed framework can be useful to project managers for integrating M&V into the project management and development process and explicitly aligning it with the rest of the design and construction procedures. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

University campuses can be considered as small towns due to their size, number of users and mixed and complex activities, including numerous actions usually met in urban environments. The energy and environmental impact of universities could be considerably reduced by applying organizational, technological and energy optimization measures. The aim of the present paper is to present an efficient web based energy management system for Campuses which manages in an energy efficient way the Campus buildings and spaces of public use, monitors the energy load and performs energy analysis per building and for the Campus as a whole, as well as it interacts with each building's BEMS and each user through questionnaires, e-mails and forms. The existing Campus IP infrastructure is exploited by using sensor networks, where nodes communicate their information using Web services, allowing direct integration in modern IT systems. To guarantee the system scalability and respect consolidated and diffused standards, the logical/architectural level of the whole Campus Energy Management System is linked with the existing infrastructure based on Internet Protocol (IP). The overall installation is tested via on line questionnaires to the building users showing a significant increase of the occupants' satisfaction. Finally, the energy efficiency achieved by the proposed system is almost 20%. © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The aim of this paper is to present the architecture, the algorithms and the performance results of an integrated indoor environment energy management system (IEEMS) for buildings. The buildings' users comfort requirements are fulfilled and regulated using a fuzzy controller. The fuzzy controller's structure is adjusted to the users' requirements that are monitored via a smart card system. The IEEMS is installed in two buildings in Athens and in Crete, both in Greece. The energy conservation achieved by the IEEMS operation is more than 30% compared to the existing control system. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The available Building Energy Management System (BEMS), although they contribute to a significant reduction of energy consumption and improvement of the indoor environment, they can only be implemented in new buildings. Their installation in existing buildings is far from being cost effective due to the incompatibility of communication protocols between BEMS designed by various manufacturers and unavoidable modifications for data transmission. On the other hand, current research for energy efficient buildings has proved that although the design and the facilities including BEMS aim to satisfy the thermal and visual comfort plus the air quality demands while minimising the energy needs, they often do not reach their goals due to users interference. Latest trends in designing Intelligent Building Energy Management Systems (IBEMS) offer a Man Machine Interface that could store the users preferences and adapt the control strategy accordingly. The objectives of the present paper are to present the advantages of the use of a man machine interface based on a smart card terminal together with fuzzy control techniques in satisfying the users preferences plus to underline the capabilities that the LON network offers to the design. A fuzzy PID controller is developed to reach the first of the above objectives. The monitoring of the energy consumption along with satisfying the users preferences is achieved by the use of a suitable cost function for the whole system. All the above parameters as well as the cost function are kept between acceptable limits. The overall control system including the cost function is modeled and tested using MATLAB/SIMULINK. The implementation of the control system in an existing building requires interconnection of sensors and actuators installed across the building, is well served by the Lon Works technology due to its high standards and flexibility features.

The purpose of the present paper is to present recent developments of integrated building energy manaeement system combining intelligent decision making systems and smart card technology using Local Operating Network (LON) techniques applying mainly to existing buildings and to new buildings with minimum construction modifications. The development of the above Integrated Energy Management System (IBEMS) is focusing on 25% energy savings at existing buildings comparing to conventional control systems improving at the same time the indoor conditions and comfort. The project is funded in part by the European Commission in the framework of the Non Nuclear Energy Program JOULE III (CT97-0044)

29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2094-2097, The aim of this work is to present a dedicated Solar Polygeneration System (PROTEAS System) for the simultaneous production of electricity, hot water and air-conditioning. The core of the PROTEAS System is the innovative setup of Total Internal Reflection Reflectors made of plastic (Primary Optical System), which concentrate the solar rays up to 5,000 suns, homogenized to 1,000 suns by specially designed Total Internal Reflection Homogenizers (Secondary Optical System). High-efficiency Photovoltaic Cells are used to generate electricity. Furthermore, water -used for cooling down the photovoltaic cells- is heated up to 85-90°C and with the use of an advanced Absorption NH3 Heat Pump, is turned to chilled water for air-conditioning (7-12°C) and subsequently to domestic warm water about 45-55°C. PROTEAS modules are suitably spaced on a low-profile metallic ring which tracks the sun. The engineering of the system has already been initiated and some of the subsystems have been successfully developed. PROTEAS will be installed and evaluated in a building under real operational conditions in order to demonstrate the feasibility of the investment in terms of energy savings and assess its potential as a new market solution, which can be both cost effective and environmentally friendly.

Measurement and verification (M&amp, V) has become necessary for ensuring intended design performance. Currently, M&amp, V procedures and calculation methods exist for the assessment of Energy Conservation Measures (ECM) for existing buildings, with a focus on reliable baseline model creation and savings estimation, as well as for reducing the computation time, uncertainties, and M&amp, V costs. There is limited application of rigorous M&amp, V procedures in the design, delivery and operation of low/zero energy dwellings and settlements. In the present paper, M&amp, V for four pilot net-zero energy settlements has been designed and implemented. The M&amp, V has been planned, incorporating guidance from existing protocols, linked to the project development phases, and populated with lessons learned through implementation. The resulting framework demonstrates that M&amp, V is not strictly linked to the operational phase of a project but is rather an integral part of the project management and development. Under this scope, M&amp, V is an integrated, iterative process that is accompanied by quality control in every step. Quality control is a significant component of the M&amp, V, and the proposed quality control procedures can support the preparation and implementation of automated M&amp, V. The proposed framework can be useful to project managers for integrating M&amp, V into the project management and development process and explicitly aligning it with the rest of the design and construction procedures.

Δημοσίευση σε επιστημονικό περιοδικό Summarization: The control of the indoor environmental parameters of buildings is an open problem with many practical difficulties which stem from the non-linear, multivariable nature of the building models. This paper presents the tuning process of a conventional PID controller for the thermal comfort control application, in buildings utilizing fieldbus systems. The PID controller has been chosen taking into account its widespread deployment and its attractive features like low computational cost and simplicity of implementation. On the contrary, there is no standard methodology for the extraction of its parameters. Therefore, empirical methods should be utilized along with trial and error techniques on the target application. The design procedure is illustrated and there is special focus regarding the practical aspects of the implementation on a laboratory installation. Finally, the results of the monitored and computed variables of the experimental procedure are presented along with relevant conclusions and discussion. Presented on: WSEAS Transactions on Circuits and Systems