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This paper presents an analysis of channel characteristics in a wireless ultra-wide-area backhaul network based on deterministic ray tube (DRT) ray tracing. The accurate knowledge of spatial temporal channel characteristics enables system-level simulations of wireless communication systems. However, few papers have been published on the analysis of channel characteristics in an ultra-wide-area backhaul network, which is one of a promising fifth generation (5G) scheme. In this paper, we conduct an analysis of the outdoor propagation environment using the DRT ray tracing. Spatial temporal channel parameters are then calculated using linear regression and multipath clustering algorithm. The proposed analysis scheme is verified by comparing the results of existing scenario with the reference spatial channel model (SCM) parameters. Channel characteristics in the wireless ultra-wide-area backhaul scenarios are then investigated.

Various controls for fluid flow and pressure are now required in related industries, and the pulse width modulation (PWM) and dithering techniques have become essential for the proportional control of solenoids. However, there is a fatal drawback when the dither current signals are generated as a by-product of low frequency PWM. That is, the average current and the dither amplitude in low frequency PWM cannot be controlled independently. Therefore, a new method for maintaining constant dither amplitudes is proposed in this paper. Throughout the mathematical analysis, the effect of PWM frequency and duty cycle on the average current and dither amplitude was investigated, and the analysis result was validated by electrical experiments. Based on the mathematical analysis, a new method that properly varies both the duty cycle and the PWM frequency to obtain the desired average current and constant dither amplitude was established and verified. This method requires only the calculations for determining the proper PWM frequency and duty cycle, so it is possible to improve the performance of a proportional solenoid valve without additional devices or cost.

Hao Kang,1,2,* Fansu Meng,3,* Fengjie Liu,4 Mengjie Xie,4 Haibiao Lai,3 Pengfei Li,5 Xingwang Zhang4 1Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Anhui College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhu, People’s Republic of China; 2Wuhu Modern Technology Research and Development Center of Chinese Medicine and Functional Food, Wuhu, People’s Republic of China; 3Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhongshan, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Oncology, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Haibiao Lai; Xingwang Zhang, Email lhb8829@163.com; zhangxw@jnu.edu.cnAbstract: Ferroptosis, a unique form of regulated cell death driven by iron-dependent lethal lipid peroxidation, is implicated in various stress-related diseases like neurodegeneration, vasculopathy, and metabolic disturbance. Stress-related diseases encompass widespread medical disorders that are influenced or exacerbated by stress. These stressors can manifest in various organ or tissue systems and have significant implications for human overall health. Understanding ferroptosis in these diseases offers insights for therapeutic strategies targeting relevant pathways. This review explores ferroptosis mechanisms, its role in pathophysiology, its connection to stress-related diseases, and the potential of ferroptosis-targeted nanomedicines in treating conditions. This monograph also delves into the engineering of ferroptosis-targeted nanomedicines for tackling stress-related diseases, including cancer, cardia-cerebrovascular, neurodegenerative, metabolic and inflammatory diseases. Anyhow, nanotherapy targeting ferroptosis holds promise by both promoting and suppressing ferroptosis for managing stress-related diseases.Keywords: ferroptosis, stress-related diseases, lipid peroxidation, nanoparticles, nanomedicine, targeted therapy

Weiwei Guan,1,2 Congyue Zhang,1 Tongguo Miao,1 Chen Dong,1 Lu Li,1 Xiwei Yuan,1 Dandan Zhao,1 Rong Ai,1 Xiaoxiao Zhang,1 Mengjiao Sun,1 Haiyan Kang,2,&ast; Yuemin Nan1,&ast; 1Department of Traditional and Western Medical Hepatology, Hebei Medical University Third Hospital & Hebei International Joint Research Center for Liver Cancer Molecular Diagnosis, Hebei International Science and Technology Cooperation Base, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, 050051, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Liver Disease, The Fifth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050023, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yuemin Nan, Department of Traditional and Western Medical Hepatology, Hebei Medical University Third Hospital & Hebei International Joint Research Center for Liver Cancer Molecular Diagnosis, Hebei International Science and Technology Cooperation Base, No. 139, Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, 050051, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 18533112266, Email nanyuemin@163.com Haiyan Kang, Department of Liver Disease, The Fifth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Hebei Medical University, No. 42, Tanan Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, 050023, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13315952782, Email kanghaiyan1976@126.comPurpose: Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) might be closely associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression and could serve as diagnostic and prognostic markers. This study aimed to investigate lncRNA-based diagnostic biomarkers for hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated HCC.Materials and Methods: High‐throughput transcriptome sequencing was conducted on the liver tissues of 15 patients with HBV-associated liver diseases (5 with chronic hepatitis B [CHB], 5 with liver cirrhosis [LC], and 5 with HCC). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to analyze lncRNA expressions. Potential diagnostic performance for HBV-associated HCC screening was evaluated.Results: Through trend analysis and functional analysis, we found that 8 lncRNAs were gradually upregulated and 1 lncRNA was progressively downregulated by regulation of target mRNAs and downstream HCC-associated signaling pathways. The validation of dysregulated lncRNAs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and HCC tissues by qRT-PCR revealed that ADAMTSL4-AS1, SOCS2-AS1, and AC067931 were significantly increased in HCC compared with CHB and cirrhosis. Moreover, differentially expressed lncRNAs were aberrantly elevated in Huh7, Hep3B, HepG2, and HepG2.215 cells compared with LX2 cells. Furthermore, ADAMTSL4-AS1, SOCS2-AS1, and AC067931 were identified as novel biomarkers for HBV-associated HCC. For distinguishing HCC from CHB, ADAMTSL4-AS1, AC067931, and SOCS2-AS1 combined with alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.945 (sensitivity, 83.9%; specificity, 89.8%). Similarly, for distinguishing HCC from LC, this combination had an AUC of 0.871 (sensitivity, 91.1%; specificity, 68.2%). Furthermore, this combination showed the highest diagnostic ability to distinguish HCC from CHB and LC (AUC, 0.905; sensitivity, 91.1%; specificity, 75.3%). In particular, this combination identified AFP-negative (AFP < 20 ng/mL) (AUC = 0.814), small (AUC = 0.909), and early stage (AUC = 0.863) tumors.Conclusion: ADAMTSL4-AS1, SOCS2-AS1, and AC067931 combined with AFP in PBMCs may serve as a noninvasive diagnostic biomarker for HBV-associated HCC, especially AFP-negative, small, and early stage HCC.Keywords: ADAMTSL4-AS1, AC067931, SOCS2-AS1, HBV-associated HCC, diagnostic biomarkers

Jiajia Zhou,1,2,&ast; Shuang Song,2,3,&ast; Senlin Xue,2 Yingxing Zhu,3 Boyin Xu,4 Ping Ma,2,3 Yanguan Lv,1 Haiquan Kang2,3 1The Huai’an Maternity and Child Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai’an, People’s Republic of China; 2Medical Technology School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Infection Control, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Haiquan Kang, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-516 85802759, Email hqk811029@163.com Yanguan Lv, The Huai’an Maternity and Child Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai’an, 223001, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-517 89687770, Email lvyanguan@163.comBackground: The emergence of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) has garnered international concern due to its significant antibiotic resistance. Notably, children exhibit distinct resistance mechanisms compared to adults, necessitating a differential approach to antibiotic selection. A thorough analysis of CRKP’s epidemiology and drug resistance mechanisms is essential for establishing a robust foundation for clinical anti-infection strategies and precise prevention and control measures.Methods: This study involved the collection of 31 non-repetitive strains from pediatric and adult patients at a tertiary hospital in China, spanning from July 2016 to July 2022, testing for resistance genes, antimicrobial susceptibility, and homology analysis.Results: Infants (0– 1 year) were the largest pediatric CRKP group, with 61.3% of cases. The neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and pediatrics were the main departments affected. Adults with CRKP had a mean age of 67 years, with the highest prevalence in neurology and emergency ICU. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed that adult CRKP strains exhibited higher resistance to amikacin, ciprofloxacin, cotrimoxazole, and aztreonam compared to pediatric strains. Conversely, pediatric strains showed a higher rate of resistance to ceftazidime/avibactam. The predominant resistance genes identified were blaNDM-5 in children (58.1%) and blaKPC-2 in adults (87.1%), with over 93% of both groups testing positive for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) genes. Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) indicated ST2735 and ST11 as the predominant types in children and adults, respectively. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) identified clonal transmission patterns of ST11 blaKPC-2 and ST15 blaOXA-232 across both age groups. Notably, this study reports the first instance of ST1114-type CRKP co-producing blaNDM-5 and blaOXA-181 in the NICU.Conclusion: This study reveals distinct resistance mechanisms and epidemiology in CRKP from children and adults. The identified clonal transmission patterns emphasize the need for improved infection control to prevent the spread of resistant strains.Keywords: children, adults, Klebsiella pneumoniae, carbapenemases, drug resistance mechanisms

Munku Song, Seamon Kang, Hyunsik Kang College of Sport Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South KoreaCorrespondence: Hyunsik Kang, College of Sport Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, South Korea, Tel +82-31-299-6923, Fax +82-31-299-6929, Email hkang@skku.eduIntroduction: Childhood obesity is strongly linked to an increased risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS), type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease in adulthood, endangering the global healthcare system. No single tool for detecting MetS is suitable for all pediatric populations. This study aimed to investigate the association between obesity measures and MetS in Korean children and adolescents.Method and Materials: The data were obtained from 1663 children and adolescents aged 10– 19 years (771 girls) who participated in the Fourth and Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHtR) were included as obesity measures. Fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and resting blood pressure were included as metabolic risk factors. MetS was defined as the clustering of metabolic risk factors such as elevated fasting blood glucose, elevated mean arterial pressure, elevated triglycerides, and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.Results: Regardless of the obesity measures used, obese children and adolescents were more likely to have a clustering of metabolic risk factors compared to their non-obese counterparts: BMI-based obesity (odds ratio, OR=4.151, 95% confidence interval, CI=2.763~6.238, p< 0.001), WC-based obesity (OR=1.917, 95% CI=1.066~3.446, p=0.010), and WHtR-based obesity (OR=2.160 and 95% CI=1.203~3.878, p=0.003). A receiver operating curve analysis showed that BMI (area under the curve, AUC=0.849, 95% CI=0.8270.871) outperformed WC (AUC=0.833, 95% CI=0.8090.856) and WHtR (AUC=0.794, 95% CI=0.7670.821) in detecting the presence of MetS.Conclusion and Recommendation: Study findings suggest that obese teenagers are more likely to have metabolic syndrome than non-obese teens. Concerning accuracy, convenience, and ease of use and calculation, BMI is the best screening tool for detecting MetS in Korean children and adolescents.Keywords: obesity, pediatrics, adolescence, metabolic syndrome, risk factors

Lihe Ma,1 Rui Yan,1 Xiang Wang,2 Xiaohong Gao,1 Na Fan,1 Linmei Liu,3 Haifen Kang3 1Nursing College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Foreign Language, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Rui Yan, Nursing College of Shanxi Medical University, No. 56 of Xinjian Road, Yingze District, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13934168679, Email yanruifl29@outlook.comBackground: Surgical nursing is a high-risk, high-pressure, and complex field. Nurses need extensive knowledge, skills, and abilities. Problem-Based Learning (PBL) and Simulation-Based Learning (SBL) are effective student-centered methods. Which method is better for surgical nurse training? More research is needed to determine the best approach for undergraduate surgical nurse education.Purpose: To compare the impact of PBL and SBL on undergraduate nursing students’ performance and improve learning outcomes in surgical nursing education.Methods: We used a pretest/post-test design with 318 nursing undergraduates randomly assigned to two groups. Participants completed three progressive scenarios focused on surgical nursing cases. Experts blindly reviewed video recordings using the 70-item Korean Nurses’ Core Competence Scale (KNCCS) to assess performance. The 13-item Satisfaction and Self-confidence in learning Scale (SSS) measured learning confidence and satisfaction. SBL participants also completed the 16-item Educational Practices in Simulation Scale (EPSS) and 20-item Simulation Design Scale (SDS).Results: The study found significant positive effects on both groups, with noticeable improvements in post-test, retention, and follow-up test results (P < 0.001). The SBL group showed higher competency levels in nurses (P < 0.001). The Cohen’s d and effect size (r) for various skills were as follows: clinical performance (0.84767 and 6.39023), critical thinking (0.31017 and 0.15325), professional attitude (0.85868 and 0.39452), and communication skills (1.55149 and 0.61294). The satisfaction and self-confidence of nurses were higher in the SBL group (4.53± 0.596; 4.47± 0.611) compared to the PBL group (4.32± 0.689; 4.25± 0.632) in all dimensions of SSS (all P < 0.05). The SBL group also scored high in simulation design and EPSS. However, improvements are needed in fidelity, objectives, information, and students’ expectations.Conclusion: SBL and PBL improve nurses’ core competence, satisfaction, and self-confidence. SBL is superior. This study promotes student-centered education, enhancing surgical nursing professionals’ quality and ensuring future patient safety.Keywords: baccalaureate nursing, education, problem-based learning, simulation training, surgical nursing

The strong interaction is not well understood at low energies or for interactions with low momentum transfer. Chiral perturbation theory gives testable predictions for the nucleonic generalized polarizabilities, which are fundamental quantities describing the nucleon’s response to an external field. We report a measurement of the proton’s generalized spin polarizabilities extracted with a polarized electron beam and a polarized solid ammonia target in the region where chiral perturbation theory is expected to be valid. The investigated structure function g2 characterizes the internal spin structure of the proton. From its moments, we extract the longitudinal–transverse spin polarizability δLT and twist-3 matrix element and polarizability d2¯. Our results provide discriminating power between existing chiral perturbation theory calculations and will help provide a better understanding of this strong quantum chromodynamics regime.

Experimental cross sections for the He4(e,e′p)X reactions in the missing energy range from 0.017 to 0.022 GeV and up to a missing momentum of 0.632 GeV/c at xB=1.24 and Q2=2 (GeV/c)2 are reported. The data are compared to relativistic distorted-wave impulse approximation calculations for the He4(e,e′p)H3 channel. Significantly more events are observed for pm≥0.45 GeV/c than are predicted by the theoretical model, and striking fluctuations in the ratio of data to the theoretical model around pm=0.3GeV/c are possible signals of initial-state multinucleon correlations.

Jing Yang,1,&ast; Shuang Liang,1,&ast; Huahui Liu,1 Cai Hu,1 Sainan Guan,1 Haiyu Kang,1 Erjiao Xu,1 Ronghua Yan1,2 1Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Radiology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Ronghua Yan; Erjiao Xu, Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 3025 Shennan Middle Road, Futian Street, Futian District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 755 83982222, Fax +86 755 83980805, Email yanrh@mail3.sysu.edu.cn; xuerjiao@mail.sysu.edu.cnPurpose: To investigate the efficacy and safety of microwave ablation (MWA) assisted by ultrasound fusion imaging (FI) for primary and secondary liver cancers with a diameter of 3– 7 cm.Patients and Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients with primary and secondary liver cancers (3– 7 cm) who underwent MWA with ultrasound FI assistance in our hospital from April 2020 to May 2022. Technical success, technique efficacy, local tumor progression (LTP), major complication, intrahepatic distant recurrence (IDR), and overall survival (OS) were assessed during the follow-up period. In addition, the ablation results of tumors between the medium-sized group (3.1– 5.0 cm) and large-sized group (5.1– 7.0 cm) were compared.Results: 31 patients with 35 primary and secondary liver cancers were treated with MWA assisted by ultrasound FI. Complete ablation was achieved in 34 lesions with a technical success rate of 97.1%. Major complications occurred in 6.5% of patients (2/31), while no ablation-related deaths were reported. The median follow-up time of this study was 24 months (range:10 to 35 months). The technique efficacy rate was 97.1% (34/35), with LTP occurring in three lesions at a rate of 8.8% (3/34). The incidence of IDR was 38.7% (12/31) and the 2-year cumulative OS rate reached 96.7%. Moreover, there were no statistical differences in technique efficacy rate (p=0.286), LTP rate (p=0.328), major complication rate (p=0.503), IDR (p=0.857), and OS (p=0.118) between medium-sized group and large-sized group.Conclusion: Ultrasound FI-assisted MWA has the potential to be an effective and safe therapeutic strategy for primary and secondary liver cancers ranging from 3– 7 cm in size.Keywords: fusion imaging, microwave ablation, liver cancers, ultrasound

Shuang Song,1,2,&ast; Shulong Zhao,2,&ast; Wei Wang,1 Fei Jiang,2 Jingfang Sun,2 Ping Ma,1,2 Haiquan Kang2 1Medical Technology School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Haiquan Kang, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221000, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-516 85802759, Email hqk811029@163.com Ping Ma, Medical Technology School, Xuzhou Medical University, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xuzhou, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-516 85807017, Email pingm62@aliyun.comBackground: The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hv-CRKP) is a serious public threat globally. Here, we performed clinical, molecular, and phenotypic monitoring of hv-CRKP strains isolated from the intensive care unit (ICU) to offer evidence for prevention and control in hospitals.Methods: Data analysis of ICU patients suffering from ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) because of hv-CRKP infection, admitted at the Chinese Teaching Hospital between March 2019 and September 2021 was performed. Patients’ antibiotic-resistance genes, virulence-associated genes, and capsular serotypes of these isolates were detected. Homology analysis of the strains was performed by MLST and PFGE. Six different strains were tested for their virulence traits using the serum killing test and the Galleria mellonella infection assay. For whole genome sequencing, KP3 was selected as a representative strain.Results: Clinical data of 19 hv-CRKP-VAP patients were collected and their hv-CRKP were isolated, including 10 of ST11-KL64, 4 of ST15-KL112, 2 of ST11-KL47, 1 of ST15-KL19, 1 of ST17-KL140, and 1 of ST48-KL62. Four ST15 and 8 ST11 isolates revealed high homology, respectively. Most strains carried the carbapenemase gene blaKPC-2 (14/19, 73.68%), followed by blaOXA-232 (4/19, 21.05%). All strains were resistant to almost all the antibiotics except polymyxin and tigacycline. Ten patients were treated with polymyxin or tigacycline based on their susceptibility results, and unfortunately 6 patients died. All strains exhibited a hyper-viscous phenotype, and the majority (17/19, 89.47%) of them contained rmpA and rmpA2. The serum killing test showed that KP9 was resistant to normal healthy serum, others were intermediately or highly sensitive. G. mellonella larvae infection assay suggested that the strains in this study were hypervirulent.Conclusion: This study highlights the dominant strain and molecular epidemiology of hv-CRKP in a hospital in China. We should pay more attention to the effect of hv-CRKP on VAP, strengthen monitoring and control transmission.Keywords: Klebsiella pneumoniae, hypervirulent, carbapenem-resistant, ventilator-associated pneumonia

Chunbo Gong, Huaixing Kang ShanDong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, JiNan, 250355, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Huaixing Kang, Email Huaixingkang@outlook.comIntroduction: The study proposes a method based on difference-in-differences (DID) to improve the resource allocation efficiency of medical and health financial expenditure to better guarantee the health level of enterprise employees. The DEA method is utilized to measure the comprehensive technology, pure technology, and scale as the resource allocation efficiency values of urban medical and health financial expenditure.Methods: The proposed method includes the use of DEA to measure the resource allocation efficiency values of urban medical and health financial expenditure. The benchmark regression model and DID model are used to analyze the impact effect, robustness, and parallel trend of the policy.Results: The study shows that the proposed method effectively evaluates and analyzes the impact of medical comprehensive reform on the resource allocation efficiency of urban medical and health financial expenditure. The comprehensive medical reform can improve the comprehensive efficiency and scale efficiency of urban medical and health financial expenditure, leading to improved resource allocation efficiency of urban employees’ medical and health financial expenditure. The results also indicate a significant positive effect on the time trend, which can have a long-term impact and effectiveness.Discussion: The proposed method can provide useful insights into the resource allocation efficiency of medical and health financial expenditure, which can help improve the health level of enterprise employees. The study suggests that comprehensive medical reform can be an effective way to improve resource allocation efficiency and guarantee the health of employees in urban areas. Further research can be conducted to evaluate the impact of medical reform on other aspects of health care, such as quality and accessibility.Keywords: data envelopment analysis, difference-in-differences, regression model, employees’ health, resource allocation efficiency

Sugar alcohols (SAs) have attractive characteristics as phase-change materials, but their relatively high melting temperature limits their application in the real world. Nanoconfinement can be a useful parameter to reduce the melting temperature to pragmatic ranges. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we investigate the phases and behaviors of encapsulated SA in ZIF-8 and ZIF-11, which cannot be experimentally observed. Based on reliable partial charges for the zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF) structures calculated by a density functional theory, structural analysis shows that the SA's attractive interaction with the ZIF structure frustrates the SA crystallization and also elucidates the second-order phase transition between amorphous phases. A methodology is suggested to determine the phase transition temperature of confined materials and used to quantify the melting temperature depression of the ZIF-confined SAs. We also explored the thermal conductivity of SA-in-ZIF composites. Phonon frequency analysis verifies that the presence of SA molecules enhances the heat transfer by adding heat pathways between the nanoporous structure of ZIFs.

Short-range correlations (SRCs) have been identified as being responsible for the high-momentum tail of the nucleon momentum distribution, n(k). Hard, short-range interactions of nucleon pairs generate the high-momentum tail and imprint a universal character on n(k) for all nuclei at large momentum. Triple coincidence experiments have shown a strong dominance of np pairs, but these measurements involve large final-state interactions. This paper presents the results from Jefferson Lab experiment E08014 which measured inclusive electron scattering cross section from Ca isotopes. By comparing the inclusive cross section from Ca48 to Ca40 in a kinematic region dominated by SRCs we provide a new way to study the isospin structure of SRCs.

© 2020. XtalCAMP is a software package based on the MATLAB platform, which is suitable for, but not limited to, the analysis and visualization of scanning Laue X-ray micro-/nanodiffraction data. The main objective of the software is to provide complementary functionalities to the Laue indexing software packages used at several synchrotron beamlines. The graphical user interfaces allow the easy analysis of characteristic microstructure features, including real-time intensity mapping for a quick examination of phase, grain and defect distribution, 2D color-coded mapping of microstructural properties from the output of other Laue indexing software, crystal orientation visualization, grain boundary characterization based on orientation/misorientation calculation, principal strain/stress analysis, and strain ellipsoid representation, as well as a series of additional toolkits. As an example, XtalCAMP is applied to the microstructural investigation of a solution-heat-treated Ni-based superalloy manufactured using a laser 3D-printing technique, and a deformed natural quartzite from Val Bregaglia in the Central Alps.

Most research on non-competes has focused on employees; here we study how non-competes affect firm location choice, growth, and consequent regional concentration, using Florida's 1996 legislative change that eased restrictions on their enforcement. Difference-in-differences models show that following the change, establishments of large firms were more likely to enter Florida; they also created a greater proportion of jobs and increased their share of employment in the state. Entrepreneurs or establishments of small firms, in contrast, were less likely to enter Florida following the law change; they also created a smaller proportion of new jobs and decreased their share of employment. Consistent with these location and job creation dynamics, regional business concentration increased following the law change in Florida. Nationwide cross-sections demonstrate consistent correlations between state-level non-compete enforcement and the location, employment, and concentration dynamics illustrated in Florida.

BackgroundSystemic therapy options for salivary cancers are limited. MyPathway (NCT02091141), a phase IIa study, evaluates targeted therapies in non-indicated tumor types with actionable molecular alterations. Here, we present the efficacy and safety results for a subgroup of MyPathway patients with advanced salivary gland cancer (SGC) matched to targeted therapies based on tumor molecular characteristics.Patients and methodsMyPathway is an ongoing, multiple basket, open-label, non-randomized, multi-center study. Patients with advanced SGC received pertuzumab + trastuzumab (HER2 alteration), vismodegib (PTCH-1/SMO mutation), vemurafenib (BRAF V600 mutation), or atezolizumab [high tumor mutational burden (TMB)]. The primary endpoint is the objective response rate (ORR).ResultsAs of January 15, 2018, 19 patients with SGC were enrolled and treated in MyPathway (15 with HER2 amplification and/or overexpression and one each with a HER2 mutation without amplification or overexpression, PTCH-1 mutation, BRAF mutation, and high TMB). In the 15 patients with HER2 amplification/overexpression (with or without mutations) who were treated with pertuzumab + trastuzumab, 9 had an objective response (1 complete response, 8 partial responses) for an ORR of 60% (9.2 months median response duration). The clinical benefit rate (defined by patients with objective responses or stable disease >4 months) was 67% (10/15), median progression-free survival (PFS) was 8.6 months, and median overall survival was 20.4 months. Stable disease was observed in the patient with a HER2 mutation (pertuzumab + trastuzumab, n = 1/1, PFS 11.0 months), and partial responses in patients with the PTCH-1 mutation (vismodegib, n = 1/1, PFS 14.3 months), BRAF mutation (vemurafenib, n = 1/1, PFS 18.5 months), and high TMB (atezolizumab, n = 1/1, PFS 5.5+ months). No unexpected toxicity occurred.ConclusionsOverall, 12 of 19 patients (63%) with advanced SGC, treated with chemotherapy-free regimens matched to specific molecular alterations, experienced an objective response. Data from MyPathway suggest that matched targeted therapy for SGC has promising efficacy, supporting molecular profiling in treatment determination.

We present deep Chandra observations of A3411-12, a remarkable merging cluster that hosts the most compelling evidence for electron reacceleration at cluster shocks to date. Using the YX-M scaling relation, we find r 500 ∼ 1.3 Mpc, M500 =(7.1 ± 0.7) × 1014 M⊙, kT =6.5 ± 0.1 keV, and a gas mass of Mg,500 =(9.7 ± 0.1) × 1013 M⊙. The gas mass fraction within r 500 is fg = 0.14 ± 0.01. We compute the shock strength using density jumps to conclude that the Mach number of the merging subcluster is small (M ≤ 1.15-0.09+0.14). We also present density, temperature, pseudo-pressure, and pseudo-entropy maps. Based on the pseudo-entropy map, we conclude that the cluster is undergoing a mild merger, consistent with the small Mach number. On the other hand, radio relics extend over Mpc scale in the A3411-12 system, which strongly suggests that a population of energetic electrons already existed over extended regions of the cluster.

Ionic liquid (IL)-water mixtures can exhibit a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) transition, but changes in long-range order and local molecular environment during this transition are not comprehensively understood. Here we show that in IL-H2O LCST mixtures, the IL forms loosely held aggregate structures that grow in size leading up to a critical temperature, whereas the aggregation of a fully miscible aqueous mixture, obtained by minor chemical modification of the anion, decreases with increasing temperature. Radial distribution functions from molecular dynamics simulations support the observation of aggregation phenomena in the IL-H2O mixtures. A local molecular structure of the ions is derived from multi-dimensional NMR experiments in conjunction with reported molecular dynamics simulations. In addition to considerable shifts of water’s hydrogen bonding network in the fully miscible phase, by NMR we observe the anion’s protons response to the intermolecular thermal environment and the intramolecular environment and find that the responses are determined by the sulfonate ionic functional group.