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Background: Hamstrings extensibility is affected as a result of lack of physical activity causing a limitation of extension motion of the knee joint, increases posterior pelvic tilting and reducing lumbar lordosis that can result in nonspecific low back pain. Aim: To compare the effects of muscle energy technique versus eccentric training on hamstrings extensibility among adolescent girls. Methods: Based on Inclusion and Exclusion criteria, 60 adolescent girls of age group 15-24 years were assessed & selected using Active Knee Extension Test for a lag in extension of around 20 degrees during performance of the test. The subjects were divided into three groups of 20 each. Group A (Control Group) was given Conventional treatment as Hot Pack as warm up over the Hamstrings muscle for both the lower limbs & Static Stretching. Thereafter, Group B (Experimental Group 1) was given Muscle Energy Technique & Conventional treatment and Group C (Experimental Group 2) was given Eccentric Training & Conventional treatment for total 6 sessions as 3 sessions a week for 2 weeks respectively. Results: Data was meaningfully assorted through calculation of Mean and Standard Deviation. Thereafter, T test was applied for comparison between the MET group and Eccentric Training group and Control Group. The level of significance was fixed at p<0.05. There was significant difference within and between the MET group and Eccentric Training group for both the limbs. Conclusion: The study concluded that MET was better than Eccentric Training in improving Hamstrings extensibility among Adolescent Girls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To evaluate safety and effectiveness of ultrasound-guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of parathyroid adenoma in surgically unfit patients with hypercalcemia because of hyperparathyroidism. Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of hospital records from Jan 2012 to Dec 2018 revealed 10 patients, who had undergone ablation for solitary parathyroid adenoma. All 10 patients suffered from hyperparathyroidism because of parathyroid adenoma, resulting in hypercalcemia. These patients were surgically unfit because of comorbidities. Pre-ablation serum calcium and serum parathormone levels were measured and compared with the levels after the ablation. Results: Mean serum calcium level decreased significantly from 2.81 ± 0.17 mmol/L pre-ablation to 2.42 ± 0.17 mmol/L 72 h after ablation and parathyroid hormone levels became normal in all patients within 7 days. Seven patients remained normo-calcaemic at 6 months follow-up with no signs and symptoms of hyperparathyroidism. One patient with pancreatitis died after 15 days because of pre-existing multi-organ failure. Two patients were lost to follow-up before 6 months. Conclusion: Radiofrequency ablation of parathyroid adenoma is a safe and effective alternate treatment method for symptomatic hypercalcemia in surgically unfit patients suffering from primary hyperparathyroidism because of parathyroid adenoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) are under-recognized entities and can be often difficult to diagnose. Occasionally, clinical symptoms, such as pain and swelling, are non-specific or absent. If left untreated, the thrombus can get dislodged and migrate to cause life-threatening pulmonary embolism. Materials and Methods: Twenty patients presenting with limb edema and local increase in temperature were screened with color Doppler. Of the 20 cases, three were treated for upper limb venous disease and 17 were treated for lower limb disease. Cases detected to be positive for DVT were taken up for diagnostic venography using DSA. On confirmation, these patients were offered endovascular management viz. percutaneous recanalization by thromboaspiration or thrombolysis or a combination of both. Patients with residual stenosis or vessel occlusion were treated with balloon angioplasty/stent placement. The patients were assessed with a color Doppler study at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months. Results: Of the 20 cases, four patients underwent thromboaspiration, eight underwent thrombolysis, eight were treated with angioplasty, and seven patients required stent placement. Technical success was achieved in 95% (19 of 20) of the cases treated with thrombolysis and/or venous stent placement. One patient had complete occlusion of the vein preventing passage of catheter and thromboaspiration. Three patients were treated for upper limb disease and on follow-up studies, all three remained patent while of the 16 patients treated for lower limb disease, 13 remained patent giving a success rate of 81.25%. No complications occurred in any of the patients. Two patients developed a stent thrombus at 48 and 72 h respectively, both of which were recanalized by balloon angioplasty. Conclusions: In venous thrombosis, color Doppler helps in the detection and morphological analysis of disease, while venography confirms and assists in managing venous thrombosis using interventions. Endovascular interventional management includes percutaneous recanalization by thromboaspiration or thrombolysis or a combination of both. Patients with residual stenosis or vessel occlusion vessel can be further treated with balloon angioplasty/stent placement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]