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A new, low-cost, and direct green synthesis strategy was developed for the preparation of polymer composites composed of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) decorated on a shape memory polymer blend using Rubus caesius L. leaves. X-ray powder diffraction, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) elemental composition were applied to characterize the crystal size, morphology, and elemental composition of Ag-NPs. UV-vis spectra detected the characteristic absorbance signal of AgNPs at about 430 nm, and the average crystal size of nanoparticles was calculated as about 12.60 nm. When nanocomposite films were characterized by attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy, characteristic polylactic acid, and poly ethylene glycol (PEG) signals were determined. From the thermogravimetric analysis curves, it was determined that the amount of residue of nanocomposites increased as the amount of AgNP increased. It was seen that AgNPs did not affect the [T.sub.g] temperature of the nanocomposite films, while it was also a proof that the polymer blend was immiscible. It was observed that the shape recovery properties of nanocomposite films were better with increasing AgNPs content. Finally, both green synthesized AgNPs and nanocomposites prepared with shape memory polymers showed very good antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram- negative bacteria. Highlights * Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was carried out with Rubus caesius L. leaves. * The synthesized AgNPs were characterized by ultraviolet visible spectroscopy and x-ray powder diffraction. * Composite films were prepared with poly lactic acid/poly [epsilon]- caprolactone blend by solvent casting method. * The amount of residue of nanocomposites increased with increasing AgNPs percentage. * The nanocomposite film containing 10% AgNPs has good activity. KEYWORDS antibacterial, green synthesis silver nanoparticles, nanocomposite, poly [epsilon]-caprolactone, poly lactic acid, shape memory effect, 1 | INTRODUCTION Nanoscale materials ranging from 1 to 100 nm are thought to provide solutions to environmental and technological challenges in medicine and water treatment. (1,2) This increasing demand [...]

The aim of the present study was to investigate Listeria monocytogenes contamination in ground meat purchased from local butchers and raw cow milk and tulum cheese samples sold in public markets to identify serotypes of the obtained isolates and examine their antibiotic-resistance profiles. We microbiologically tested 300 samples of different origins for the presence of L. monocytogenes and confirmed the isolates found using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and polymerase chain reaction, (PCR) after which they were serotyped and tested for antibiotic resistance against 8 antimicrobial agents using the disk diffusion method. L. monocytogenes was identified in 18 (6%) all of the collected samples. The serotypes of the 18 L.monocytogenes isolated in our study were 1/2b (3b) in 9 (50%), 1/2c (3c) in 4 (22.2%), 4b (4e, 4e) in 3 (16.7%), and 1/2a (3a) in 2 (11.1%) of the isolates. All isolates were found to be sensitive to ampicillin, erythromycin, gentamicin, chloramphenicol, penicillin, tetracycline, vancomycin, and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim. Although the isolates were sensitive to all commonly used antibiotics and given that L. monocytogenes serotypes were isolated in the examined samples, this pathogen should be closely monitored and its prevalence should be controlled using precautionary measures [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we present the management practices and microbiological quality of a dairy farm with low bulk tank milk somatic cell count (BTMSCC). In the mentioned farm, BTMSCC was generally <150,000 cells/mL. BTMSCC per day and bulk tank milk (BTM) microbiological analysis per week were carried out during one year. Weekly animal and udder health controls and management evaluations were performed; the somatic cell counts (SCCs) of the milk samples collected in only 21 weeks of the year were over 150,000 cells/mL but this value was never over 320,000 cells/mL in the herd. When the management practices of the weeks with high BTMSCC were evaluated, negative conditions including changes of paddocks of the animals and estrus synchronization were detected. In the samples taken from the milk collection tank for a total of 22 weeks, microbiological isolation occurred; the most common bacterium was Escherichia coli. Udder hygiene, barn hygiene, the cleanliness of the beddings, the care of the employees toward their work and personal hygiene, and disinfection of the milking machines and their maintenance were all very good for the whole year. During the weekly routine controls, clinical mastitis and teat stenosis were detected twice and once, respectively; however, in those 3 weeks, BTMSCC increased in only the week that the teat stenosis was observed. We observed that, even in farms with intense precautions, BTMSCC may increase and microbiological growth may occur in BTM. To ensure that these situations do not become permanent, these precautions should be applied continuously. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of the present study was to examine the relationship between the gases in a cow's uterine environment and its ovarian physiological structures using the sunflower optimisation algorithm (SFOA) deployed in a device called Metrisör, developed by our project team. A total of 500 uteruses obtained from slaughtered cows served as the experimental sample. Gas measurements were taken from 489 uteruses with no clinical metritis or microbiological growth. Additionally, the diameters of the corpus luteum and follicles in the ovaries were measured using callipers. These results were then analysed based on the presence or absence of a corpus luteum (CL) and follicles larger or smaller than 1.5 cm. According to uterine gas fluctuations, the presence and absence of CL could be detected at rates of 80.60% and 79.60%, respectively. Also, based on uterine gas changes, the presence of ovarian follicles larger than 1.5 cm was determined 82% of the time, and the presence of follicles smaller than 1.5 cm was determined 80% of the time. In conclusion, it was found that different stages of a cow's sexual cycle might involve changes in uterine gases. Thus, the data from this study may enable the development of a new estrus detection method for cows., (© 2025 The Author(s). Veterinary Medicine and Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)