187 results on '"Karam, Aimee"'
Search Results
2. Age of onset and cumulative risk of mental disorders: a cross-national analysis of population surveys from 29 countries
- Author
-
Aguilar-Gaxiola, Sergio, Al-Hamzawi, Ali, Alonso, Jordi, Altwaijri, Yasmin A., Andrade, Laura Helena, Atwoli, Lukoye, Benjet, Corina, Bromet, Evelyn J., Bruffaerts, Ronny, Bunting, Brendan, Caldas-de-Almeida, José Miguel, Cardoso, Graça, Chardoul, Stephanie, Cía, Alfredo H., Degenhardt, Louisa, De Girolamo, Giovanni, Gureje, Oye, Haro, Josep Maria, Harris, Meredith G., Hinkov, Hristo, Hu, Chi-yi, De Jonge, Peter, Karam, Aimee N., Karam, Elie G., Karam, Georges, Kazdin, Alan E., Kawakami, Norito, Kessler, Ronald C., Kiejna, Andrzej, Kovess-Masfety, Viviane, McGrath, John J., Medina-Mora, Maria Elena, Moskalewicz, Jacek, Navarro-Mateu, Fernando, Nishi, Daisuke, Piazza, Marina, Posada-Villa, José, Scott, Kate M., Stagnaro, Juan Carlos, Stein, Dan J., Ten Have, Margreet, Torres, Yolanda, Viana, Maria Carmen, Vigo, Daniel V., Vladescu, Cristian, Williams, David R., Woodruff, Peter, Wojtyniak, Bogdan, Xavier, Miguel, Zaslavsky, Alan M., McGrath, John J, Altwaijri, Yasmin, Andrade, Laura H, Bromet, Evelyn J, de Almeida, José Miguel Caldas, Chiu, Wai Tat, Demler, Olga V, Ferry, Finola, Karam, Elie G, Khaled, Salma M, Magno, Marta, Plana-Ripoll, Oleguer, Rapsey, Charlene, Sampson, Nancy A, Stein, Dan J, ten Have, Margreet, Woodruff, Peter W, Zarkov, Zahari, and Kessler, Ronald C
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Perceived helpfulness of treatment for alcohol use disorders: Findings from the World Mental Health Surveys
- Author
-
Al-Hamzawi, Ali, Al-Kaisy, Mohammed Salih, Alonso, Jordi, Altwaijri, Yasmin A., Andrade, Laura Helena, Atwoli, Lukoye, Benjet, Corina, Borges, Guilherme, Bromet, Evelyn J., Bruffaerts, Ronny, Bunting, Brendan, Caldas-de-Almeida, Jose Miguel, Cardoso, Graça, Chatterji, Somnath, Cia, Alfredo H., Degenhardt, Louisa, Demyttenaere, Koen, Florescu, Silvia, Giovanni de Girolamo, Gureje, Oye, Haro, Josep Maria, Harris, Meredith G., Hinkov, Hristo, Hu, Chi-yi, Peter de Jonge, Karam, Aimee Nasser, Karam, Elie G., Karam, Georges, Kawakami, Norito, Kessler, Ronald C., Kiejna, Andrzej, Kovess-Masfety, Viviane, Lee, Sing, Lepine, Jean-Pierre, McGrath, John J., Medina-Mora, Maria Elena, Mneimneh, Zeina, Moskalewicz, Jacek, Navarro-Mateu, Fernando, Piazza, Marina, Posada-Villa, Jose, Scott, Kate M., Slade, Tim, Stagnaro, Juan Carlos, Stein, Dan J., Margreet ten Have, Torres, Yolanda, Viana, Maria Carmen, Vigo, Daniel V., Whiteford, Harvey, Williams, David R., Wojtyniak, Bogdan, Bharat, Chrianna, Chiu, Wai Tat, Kazdin, Alan E., Sampson, Nancy A., de Girolamo, Giovanni, Hu, Chiyi, Karam, Aimee N., Makanjuola, Victor, Posada-Villa, José, Rapsey, Charlene, Tachimori, Hisateru, ten Have, Margreet, and Zarkov, Zahari
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Perceived helpfulness of treatment for social anxiety disorder: findings from the WHO World Mental Health Surveys
- Author
-
Bruffaerts, Ronny, Harris, Meredith G., Kazdin, Alan E., Vigo, Daniel V., Sampson, Nancy A., Chiu, Wai Tat, Al-Hamzawi, Ali, Alonso, Jordi, Altwaijri, Yasmin A., Andrade, Laura, Benjet, Corina, de Girolamo, Giovanni, Florescu, Silvia, Haro, Josep Maria, Hu, Chi-yi, Karam, Aimee, Karam, Elie G., Kovess-Masfety, Viviane, Lee, Sing, McGrath, John J., Navarro-Mateu, Fernando, Nishi, Daisuke, O’Neill, Siobhan, Posada-Villa, José, Scott, Kate M., Have, Margreet ten, Torres, Yolanda, Wojtyniak, Bogdan, Xavier, Miguel, Zarkov, Zahari, and Kessler, Ronald C.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. The associations between traumatic experiences and subsequent onset of a substance use disorder: Findings from the World Health Organization World Mental Health surveys
- Author
-
Aguilar-Gaxiola, Sergio, Al-Hamzawi, Ali, Al-Kaisy, Mohammed Salih, Alonso, Jordi, Altwaijri, Yasmin, Helena Andrade, Laura, Atwoli, Lukoye, Benjet, Corina, Borges, Guilherme, Bromet, Evelyn J., Bruffaerts, Ronny, Bunting, Brendan, Caldas-de-Almeida, Jose Miguel, Cardoso, Graça, Chatterji, Somnath, Cia, Alfredo H., Degenhardt, Louisa, Demyttenaere, Koen, Florescu, Silvia, Girolamo, Giovanni de, Gureje, Oye, Haro, Josep Maria, Harris, Meredith G., Hinkov, Hristo, Hu, Chi-yi, de Jonge, Peter, Karam, Aimee Nasser, Karam, Elie G., Kawakami, Norito, Kessler, Ronald C., Kiejna, Andrzej, Kovess-Masfety, Viviane, Lee, Sing, Lepine, Jean-Pierre, McGrath, John, Medina-Mora, Maria Elena, Mneimneh, Zeina, Moskalewicz, Jacek, Navarro-Mateu, Fernando, Piazza, Marina, Posada-Villa, Jose, Scott, Kate M., Slade, Tim, Stagnaro, Juan Carlos, Stein, Dan J., ten Have, Margreet, Torres, Yolanda, Viana, Maria Carmen, Vigo, Daniel V., Whiteford, Harvey, Williams, David R., Wojtyniak, Bogdan, Bharat, Chrianna, Glantz, Meyer D., de Girolamo, Giovanni, Karam, Georges, Makanjuola, Victor, Posada-Villa, José, Tachimori, Hisateru, and Tintle, Nathan
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Inequality on the frontline: A multi-country study on gender differences in mental health among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic
- Author
-
Czepiel, Diana, primary, McCormack, Clare, additional, da Silva, Andréa T.C., additional, Seblova, Dominika, additional, Moro, Maria F., additional, Restrepo-Henao, Alexandra, additional, Martínez, Adriana M., additional, Afolabi, Oyeyemi, additional, Alnasser, Lubna, additional, Alvarado, Rubén, additional, Asaoka, Hiroki, additional, Ayinde, Olatunde, additional, Balalian, Arin, additional, Ballester, Dinarte, additional, Barathie, Josleen A.l., additional, Basagoitia, Armando, additional, Basic, Djordje, additional, Burrone, María S., additional, Carta, Mauro G., additional, Durand-Arias, Sol, additional, Eskin, Mehmet, additional, Fernández-Jiménez, Eduardo, additional, Frey, Marcela I. F., additional, Gureje, Oye, additional, Isahakyan, Anna, additional, Jaldo, Rodrigo, additional, Karam, Elie G., additional, Khattech, Dorra, additional, Lindert, Jutta, additional, Martínez-Alés, Gonzalo, additional, Mascayano, Franco, additional, Mediavilla, Roberto, additional, Narvaez Gonzalez, Javier A., additional, Nasser-Karam, Aimee, additional, Nishi, Daisuke, additional, Olaopa, Olusegun, additional, Ouali, Uta, additional, Puac-Polanco, Victor, additional, Ramírez, Dorian E., additional, Ramírez, Jorge, additional, Rivera-Segarra, Eliut, additional, Rutten, Bart P.F., additional, Santaella-Tenorio, Julian, additional, Sapag, Jaime C., additional, Šeblová, Jana, additional, Soto, María T. S., additional, Tavares-Cavalcanti, Maria, additional, Valeri, Linda, additional, Sijbrandij, Marit, additional, Susser, Ezra S., additional, Hoek, Hans W., additional, and van der Ven, Els, additional
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. First Onset in Adulthood of Mental Disorders: Exposure to War vs. Non-war Childhood Adversities: A National Study
- Author
-
Karam, Elie, primary, Al Barathie, Josleen, additional, Saab, Dahlia, additional, Karam, Aimee Nasser, additional, and Fayyad, John, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Age of onset and cumulative risk of mental disorders: a cross-national analysis of population surveys from 29 countries
- Author
-
McGrath, John J, primary, Al-Hamzawi, Ali, additional, Alonso, Jordi, additional, Altwaijri, Yasmin, additional, Andrade, Laura H, additional, Bromet, Evelyn J, additional, Bruffaerts, Ronny, additional, de Almeida, José Miguel Caldas, additional, Chardoul, Stephanie, additional, Chiu, Wai Tat, additional, Degenhardt, Louisa, additional, Demler, Olga V, additional, Ferry, Finola, additional, Gureje, Oye, additional, Haro, Josep Maria, additional, Karam, Elie G, additional, Karam, Georges, additional, Khaled, Salma M, additional, Kovess-Masfety, Viviane, additional, Magno, Marta, additional, Medina-Mora, Maria Elena, additional, Moskalewicz, Jacek, additional, Navarro-Mateu, Fernando, additional, Nishi, Daisuke, additional, Plana-Ripoll, Oleguer, additional, Posada-Villa, José, additional, Rapsey, Charlene, additional, Sampson, Nancy A, additional, Stagnaro, Juan Carlos, additional, Stein, Dan J, additional, ten Have, Margreet, additional, Torres, Yolanda, additional, Vladescu, Cristian, additional, Woodruff, Peter W, additional, Zarkov, Zahari, additional, Kessler, Ronald C, additional, Aguilar-Gaxiola, Sergio, additional, Altwaijri, Yasmin A., additional, Andrade, Laura Helena, additional, Atwoli, Lukoye, additional, Benjet, Corina, additional, Bromet, Evelyn J., additional, Bunting, Brendan, additional, Caldas-de-Almeida, José Miguel, additional, Cardoso, Graça, additional, Cía, Alfredo H., additional, De Girolamo, Giovanni, additional, Harris, Meredith G., additional, Hinkov, Hristo, additional, Hu, Chi-yi, additional, De Jonge, Peter, additional, Karam, Aimee N., additional, Karam, Elie G., additional, Kazdin, Alan E., additional, Kawakami, Norito, additional, Kessler, Ronald C., additional, Kiejna, Andrzej, additional, McGrath, John J., additional, Piazza, Marina, additional, Scott, Kate M., additional, Stein, Dan J., additional, Ten Have, Margreet, additional, Viana, Maria Carmen, additional, Vigo, Daniel V., additional, Williams, David R., additional, Woodruff, Peter, additional, Wojtyniak, Bogdan, additional, Xavier, Miguel, additional, and Zaslavsky, Alan M., additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Inequality on the frontline: A multi-country study on gender differences in mental health among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic
- Author
-
Czepiel, Diana, primary, McCormack, Clare, additional, Silva, Andréa Tenório Correia da, additional, Seblova, Dominika, additional, Moro, Maria Francesca, additional, Restrepo-Henao, Alexandra, additional, Alnasser, Lubna, additional, Alvarado, Ruben, additional, Asaoka, Hiroki, additional, Ayinde, Olatunde, additional, Balalian, Arin, additional, Ballester, Dinarte, additional, Barathie, Josleen A. I., additional, Basagoitia, Armando, additional, Basic, Djordje, additional, Burrone, María Soledad, additional, Carta, Mauro Giovanni, additional, Durand-Arias, Sol, additional, Eskin, Mehmet, additional, Fernández-Jiménez, Eduardo, additional, Freytes, Marcela, additional, Gureje, Oye, additional, Isahakyan, Anna, additional, Jaldo, Rodrigo, additional, Karam, Elie G., additional, Khattech, Dorra, additional, Lindert, Jutta, additional, Martinez-Ales, Gonzalo, additional, Mascayano, Franco, additional, Mediavilla, Roberto, additional, Narvaez, Javier, additional, Nasser-Karam, Aimee, additional, Nishi, Daisuke, additional, Olaopa, Olusegun, additional, Ouali, Uta, additional, Puac-Polanco, Victor, additional, Ramírez, Dorian E., additional, Ramírez, Jorge, additional, Rivera-Segarra, Eliut, additional, Rutten, Bart P. F., additional, Santaella-Tenorio, Julian, additional, Sapag, Jaime C., additional, Šeblová, Jana, additional, Soto, María Teresa Solís, additional, Tavares-Cavalcanti, Maria, additional, Valeri, Linda, additional, Sijbrandij, Marit, additional, Susser, Ezra S., additional, Hoek, Hans W., additional, and Ven, Els van der, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Inspiring Values in the Planning and Management of Lebanon National Conflicts Resolution: A Brief Essay
- Author
-
Karam, Aimée and Galluccio, Mauro, editor
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Prevalence, Correlates, and Treatment of Mental Disorders among Lebanese Older Adults: A National Study
- Author
-
Karam, Georges, Itani, Lynn, Fayyad, John, Karam, Aimee, Mneimneh, Zeina, and Karam, Elie
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Childhood generalized specific phobia as an early marker of internalizing psychopathology across the lifespan: results from the World Mental Health Surveys
- Author
-
de Vries, Ymkje Anna, Al-Hamzawi, Ali, Alonso, Jordi, Borges, Guilherme, Bruffaerts, Ronny, Bunting, Brendan, Caldas-de-Almeida, José Miguel, Cia, Alfredo H., De Girolamo, Giovanni, Dinolova, Rumyana V., Esan, Oluyomi, Florescu, Silvia, Gureje, Oye, Haro, Josep Maria, Hu, Chiyi, Karam, Elie G., Karam, Aimee, Kawakami, Norito, Kiejna, Andrzej, Kovess-Masfety, Viviane, Lee, Sing, Mneimneh, Zeina, Navarro-Mateu, Fernando, Piazza, Marina, Scott, Kate, ten Have, Margreet, Torres, Yolanda, Viana, Maria Carmen, Kessler, Ronald C., de Jonge, Peter, and on behalf of the WHO World Mental Health Survey Collaborators
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Temperament and suicide: A national study
- Author
-
Karam, Elie G., Itani, Lynn, Fayyad, John, Hantouche, Elie, Karam, Aimee, Mneimneh, Zeina, Akiskal, Hagop, and Rihmer, Zoltán
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. The associations between traumatic experiences and subsequent onset of a substance use disorder: Findings from the World Health Organization World Mental Health surveys
- Author
-
Degenhardt, Louisa, primary, Bharat, Chrianna, additional, Glantz, Meyer D., additional, Bromet, Evelyn J., additional, Alonso, Jordi, additional, Bruffaerts, Ronny, additional, Bunting, Brendan, additional, de Girolamo, Giovanni, additional, de Jonge, Peter, additional, Florescu, Silvia, additional, Gureje, Oye, additional, Haro, Josep Maria, additional, Harris, Meredith G., additional, Hinkov, Hristo, additional, Karam, Elie G., additional, Karam, Georges, additional, Kovess-Masfety, Viviane, additional, Lee, Sing, additional, Makanjuola, Victor, additional, Medina-Mora, Maria Elena, additional, Navarro-Mateu, Fernando, additional, Piazza, Marina, additional, Posada-Villa, José, additional, Scott, Kate M., additional, Stein, Dan J., additional, Tachimori, Hisateru, additional, Tintle, Nathan, additional, Torres, Yolanda, additional, Viana, Maria Carmen, additional, Kessler, Ronald C., additional, Aguilar-Gaxiola, Sergio, additional, Al-Hamzawi, Ali, additional, Al-Kaisy, Mohammed Salih, additional, Altwaijri, Yasmin, additional, Helena Andrade, Laura, additional, Atwoli, Lukoye, additional, Benjet, Corina, additional, Borges, Guilherme, additional, Caldas-de-Almeida, Jose Miguel, additional, Cardoso, Graça, additional, Chatterji, Somnath, additional, Cia, Alfredo H., additional, Degenhardt, Louisa, additional, Demyttenaere, Koen, additional, Girolamo, Giovanni de, additional, Hu, Chi-yi, additional, Karam, Aimee Nasser, additional, Kawakami, Norito, additional, Kiejna, Andrzej, additional, Lepine, Jean-Pierre, additional, McGrath, John, additional, Mneimneh, Zeina, additional, Moskalewicz, Jacek, additional, Posada-Villa, Jose, additional, Slade, Tim, additional, Stagnaro, Juan Carlos, additional, ten Have, Margreet, additional, Vigo, Daniel V., additional, Whiteford, Harvey, additional, Williams, David R., additional, and Wojtyniak, Bogdan, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Additional file 1 of Determinants of effective treatment coverage for posttraumatic stress disorder: findings from the World Mental Health Surveys
- Author
-
Stein, Dan J., Kazdin, Alan E., Munthali, Richard J., Hwang, Irving, Harris, Meredith G., Alonso, Jordi, Andrade, Laura Helena, Bruffaerts, Ronny, Cardoso, Graça, Chardoul, Stephanie, de Girolamo, Giovanni, Florescu, Silvia, Gureje, Oye, Haro, Josep Maria, Karam, Aimee N., Karam, Elie G., Kovess-Masfety, Viviane, Lee, Sing, Medina-Mora, Maria Elena, Navarro-Mateu, Fernando, Posada-Villa, José, Stagnaro, Juan Carlos, ten Have, Margreet, Sampson, Nancy A., Kessler, Ronald C., and Vigo, Daniel V.
- Abstract
Additional file 1: Supplemental Table 1. Bivariate predictors of effective coverage and its components among those with 12-Month posttraumatic stress disorder, in HICs countries (n=694)a. Supplemental Table 2. Multivariable model of effective coverage among those with 12-Month posttraumatic stress disorder, in high-income countries (n=694) a. Supplemental Table 3. Predictors of contact coverage among those with 12-Month posttraumatic stress disorder, in LMICs countries (n=220) a.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. The descriptive epidemiology of DSM-IV Adult ADHD in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys
- Author
-
Fayyad, John, Sampson, Nancy A., Hwang, Irving, Adamowski, Tomasz, Aguilar-Gaxiola, Sergio, Al-Hamzawi, Ali, Andrade, Laura H. S. G., Borges, Guilherme, de Girolamo, Giovanni, Florescu, Silvia, Gureje, Oye, Haro, Josep Maria, Hu, Chiyi, Karam, Elie G., Lee, Sing, Navarro-Mateu, Fernando, O’Neill, Siobhan, Pennell, Beth-Ellen, Piazza, Marina, Posada-Villa, José, ten Have, Margreet, Torres, Yolanda, Xavier, Miguel, Zaslavsky, Alan M., Kessler, Ronald C., Adamowski, Tomasz, Aguilar-Gaxiola, Sergio, Al-Hamzawi, Ali, Al-Kaisy, Mohammad, Subaie, Abdullah Al, Alonso, Jordi, Altwaijri, Yasmin, Andrade, Laura Helena, Atwoli, Lukoye, Auerbach, Randy P., Axinn, William G., Benjet, Corina, Borges, Guilherme, Bossarte, Robert M., Bromet, Evelyn J., Bruffaerts, Ronny, Bunting, Brendan, Caffo, Ernesto, de Almeida, Jose Miguel Caldas, Cardoso, Graca, Cia, Alfredo H., Chardoul, Stephanie, Chatterji, Somnath, Filho, Alexandre Chiavegatto, Cuijpers, Pim, Degenhardt, Louisa, de Girolamo, Giovanni, de Graaf, Ron, de Jonge, Peter, Demyttenaere, Koen, Ebert, David D., Evans-Lacko, Sara, Fayyad, John, Fiestas, Fabian, Florescu, Silvia, Forresi, Barbara, Galea, Sandro, Germine, Laura, Gilman, Stephen E., Ghimire, Dirgha J., Glantz, Meyer D., Gureje, Oye, Haro, Josep Maria, He, Yanling, Hinkov, Hristo, Hu, Chi-yi, Huang, Yueqin, Karam, Aimee Nasser, Karam, Elie G., Kawakami, Norito, Kessler, Ronald C., Kiejna, Andrzej, Koenen, Karestan C., Kovess-Masfety, Viviane, Lago, Luise, Lara, Carmen, Lee, Sing, Lepine, Jean-Pierre, Levav, Itzhak, Levinson, Daphna, Liu, Zhaorui, Martins, Silvia S., Matschinger, Herbert, McGrath, John J., McLaughlin, Katie A., Medina-Mora, Maria Elena, Mneimneh, Zeina, Moskalewicz, Jacek, Murphy, Samuel D., Navarro-Mateu, Fernando, Nock, Matthew K., O’Neill, Siobhan, Oakley-Browne, Mark, Hans Ormel, J., Pennell, Beth-Ellen, Piazza, Marina, Pinder-Amaker, Stephanie, Piotrowski, Patryk, Posada-Villa, Jose, Ruscio, Ayelet M., Scott, Kate M., Shahly, Vicki, Silove, Derrick, Slade, Tim, Smoller, Jordan W., Stagnaro, Juan Carlos, Stein, Dan J., Street, Amy E., Tachimori, Hisateru, Taib, Nezar, Have, Margreet ten, Thornicroft, Graham, Torres, Yolanda, Viana, Maria Carmen, Vilagut, Gemma, Wells, Elisabeth, Williams, David R., Williams, Michelle A., Wojtyniak, Bogdan, Zaslavsky, Alan M., and on behalf of the WHO World Mental Health Survey Collaborators
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. cross-national evidence from the World Mental Health Surveys
- Author
-
Gmelin, Jan Ole H., De Vries, Ymkje Anna, Baams, Laura, Aguilar-Gaxiola, Sergio, Alonso, Jordi, Borges, Guilherme, Bunting, Brendan, Cardoso, Graça, Florescu, Silvia, Gureje, Oye, Karam, Elie G., Kawakami, Norito, Lee, Sing, Mneimneh, Zeina, Navarro-Mateu, Fernando, Posada-Villa, José, Rapsey, Charlene, Slade, Tim, Stagnaro, Juan Carlos, Torres, Yolanda, Kessler, Ronald C., de Jonge, Peter, Al-Hamzawi, Ali, Andrade, Laura Helena, Atwoli, Lukoye, Benjet, Corina, Bromet, Evelyn J., Bruffaerts, Ronny, Caldas-de-Almeida, Jose Miguel, Chatterji, Somnath, Cia, Alfredo H., Degenhardt, Louisa, Demyttenaere, Koen, de Girolamo, Giovanni, Haro, Josep Maria, Harris, Meredith, Hinkov, Hristo, Hu, Chi yi, Karam, Aimee Nasser, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (NMS|FCM), and Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas (CEDOC)
- Subjects
Psychiatry and Mental health ,Cross-national ,Social Psychology ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,Epidemiology ,Sexual orientation ,Health status disparities ,Mental disorders ,Health(social science) - Abstract
Funding Information: The World Health Organization World Mental Health (WMH) Survey Initiative is supported by the United States National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH; R01 MH070884), the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, the Pfizer Foundation, the United States Public Health Service (R13-MH066849, R01-MH069864, and R01 DA016558), the Fogarty International Center (FIRCA R03-TW006481), the Pan American Health Organization, Eli Lilly and Company, Ortho-McNeil Pharmaceutical Inc., GlaxoSmithKline, and Bristol-Myers Squibb. We thank the staff of the WMH Data Collection and Data Analysis Coordination Centres for assistance with instrumentation, fieldwork, and consultation on data analysis. None of the funders had any role in the design, analysis, interpretation of results, or preparation of this paper. The views and opinions expressed in this report are those of the authors and should not be construed to represent the views of the World Health Organization, other sponsoring organizations, agencies, or governments. The Argentina survey—Estudio Argentino de Epidemiología en Salud Mental (EASM)—was supported by a grant from the Argentinian Ministry of Health (Ministerio de Salud de la Nación)—(Grant Number 2002-17270/13-5). The 2007 Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing is funded by the Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing. The Colombian National Study of Mental Health (NSMH) is supported by the Ministry of Social Protection. The Mental Health Study Medellín—Colombia was carried out and supported jointly by the Center for Excellence on Research in Mental Health (CES University) and the Secretary of Health of Medellín. The World Mental Health Japan (WMHJ) Survey is supported by the Grant for Research on Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases and Mental Health (H13-SHOGAI-023, H14-TOKUBETSU-026, H16-KOKORO-013, H25-SEISHIN-IPPAN-006) from the Japan Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. The Mexican National Comorbidity Survey (MNCS) is supported by The National Institute of Psychiatry Ramon de la Fuente (INPRFMDIES 4280) and by the National Council on Science and Technology (CONACyT-G30544- H), with supplemental support from the PanAmerican Health Organization (PAHO). Te Rau Hinengaro: The New Zealand Mental Health Survey (NZMHS) is supported by the New Zealand Ministry of Health, Alcohol Advisory Council, and the Health Research Council. The Northern Ireland Study of Mental Health was funded by the Health & Social Care Research & Development Division of the Public Health Agency. The Peruvian World Mental Health Study was funded by the National Institute of Health of the Ministry of Health of Peru. The Portuguese Mental Health Study was carried out by the Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences, NOVA University of Lisbon, with collaboration of the Portuguese Catholic University, and was funded by Champalimaud Foundation, Gulbenkian Foundation, Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) and Ministry of Health. The Romania WMH study projects "Policies in Mental Health Area" and "National Study regarding Mental Health and Services Use" were carried out by National School of Public Health & Health Services Management (former National Institute for Research & Development in Health), with technical support of Metro Media Transilvania, the National Institute of Statistics-National Centre for Training in Statistics, SC, Cheyenne Services SRL, Statistics Netherlands and were funded by Ministry of Public Health (former Ministry of Health) with supplemental support of Eli Lilly Romania SRL. The Psychiatric Enquiry to General Population in Southeast Spain—Murcia (PEGASUS-Murcia) Project has been financed by the Regional Health Authorities of Murcia (Servicio Murciano de Salud and Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social) and Fundación para la Formación e Investigación Sanitarias (FFIS) of Murcia. The US National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R) is supported by the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH; U01-MH60220) with supplemental support from the National Institute of Drug Abuse (NIDA), the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF; Grant 044708), and the John W. Alden Trust. A complete list of all within-country and cross-national WMH publications can be found at http://www.hcp.med.harvard.edu/wmh . Publisher Copyright: © 2022, The Author(s). Purpose: Lesbian,gay, and bisexual (LGB) individuals, and LB women specifically, have anincreased risk for psychiatric morbidity, theorized to result from stigma-baseddiscrimination. To date, no study has investigated the mental healthdisparities between LGB and heterosexual AQ1individuals in a largecross-national population-based comparison. The current study addresses thisgap by examining differences between LGB and heterosexual participants in 13cross-national surveys, and by exploring whether these disparities wereassociated with country-level LGBT acceptance. Since lower social support hasbeen suggested as a mediator of sexual orientation-based differences inpsychiatric morbidity, our secondary aim was to examine whether mental healthdisparities were partially explained by general social support from family andfriends. Methods: Twelve-monthprevalence of DSM-IV anxiety, mood, eating, disruptive behavior, and substancedisorders was assessed with the WHO Composite International DiagnosticInterview in a general population sample across 13 countries as part of theWorld Mental Health Surveys. Participants were 46,889 adults (19,887 males; 807LGB-identified). Results: Maleand female LGB participants were more likely to report any 12-month disorder (OR2.2, p < 0.001 and OR 2.7, p < 0.001, respectively) and most individualdisorders than heterosexual participants. We found no evidence for anassociation between country-level LGBT acceptance and rates of psychiatricmorbidity between LGB and heterosexualAQ2 participants. However, among LBwomen, the increased risk for mental disorders was partially explained by lowergeneral openness with family, although most of the increased risk remainedunexplained. Conclusion: These results provide cross-national evidence for an association between sexual minority status and psychiatric morbidity, and highlight that for women, but not men, this association was partially mediated by perceived openness with family. Future research into individual-level and cross-national sexual minority stressors is needed. publishersversion published
- Published
- 2022
18. Cognitive Therapy in National Conflict Resolution: An Opportunity. The Lebanese Experience
- Author
-
Karam, Aimée, Aquilar, Francesco, editor, and Galluccio, Mauro, editor
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. A World Mental Health Surveys report
- Author
-
De Vries, Ymkje Anna, Al-Hamzawi, Ali, Alonso, Jordi, Andrade, Laura Helena, Benjet, Corina, Bruffaerts, Ronny, Bunting, Brendan, De Girolamo, Giovanni, Florescu, Silvia, Gureje, Oye, Haro, Josep Maria, Karam, Aimee, Karam, Elie G., Kawakami, Norito, Kovess-Masfety, Viviane, Lee, Sing, Mneimneh, Zeina, Navarro-Mateu, Fernando, Ojagbemi, Akin, Posada-Villa, José, Scott, Kate, Stagnaro, Juan Carlos, Torres, Yolanda, Xavier, Miguel, Zarkov, Zahari N., Kessler, Ronald C., De Jonge, Peter, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (NMS|FCM), and Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas (CEDOC)
- Subjects
Psychiatry and Mental health ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,depression ,internalizing disorders ,latent class growth analysis ,Applied Psychology ,Anxiety disorders - Abstract
Funding: The Portuguese Mental Health Study was carried out by the Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences, NOVA University of Lisbon, with collaboration of the Portuguese Catholic University, and was funded by Champalimaud Foundation, Gulbenkian Foundation, Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) and Ministry of Health Background Depressive and anxiety disorders are highly comorbid, which has been theorized to be due to an underlying internalizing vulnerability. We aimed to identify groups of participants with differing vulnerabilities by examining the course of internalizing psychopathology up to age 45. Methods We used data from 24158 participants (aged 45+) in 23 population-based cross-sectional World Mental Health Surveys. Internalizing disorders were assessed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). We applied latent class growth analysis (LCGA) and investigated the characteristics of identified classes using logistic or linear regression. Results The best-fitting LCGA solution identified eight classes: A healthy class (81.9%), three childhood-onset classes with mild (3.7%), moderate (2.0%), or severe (1.1%) internalizing comorbidity, two puberty-onset classes with mild (4.0%) or moderate (1.4%) comorbidity, and two adult-onset classes with mild comorbidity (2.7% and 3.2%). The childhood-onset severe class had particularly unfavorable sociodemographic outcomes compared to the healthy class, with increased risks of being never or previously married (OR = 2.2 and 2.0, p < 0.001), not being employed (OR = 3.5, p < 0.001), and having a low/low-Average income (OR = 2.2, p < 0.001). Moderate or severe (v. mild) comorbidity was associated with 12-month internalizing disorders (OR = 1.9 and 4.8, p < 0.001), disability (B = 1.1-2.3, p < 0.001), and suicidal ideation (OR = 4.2, p < 0.001 for severe comorbidity only). Adult (v. childhood) onset was associated with lower rates of 12-month internalizing disorders (OR = 0.2, p < 0.001). Conclusions We identified eight transdiagnostic trajectories of internalizing psychopathology. Unfavorable outcomes were concentrated in the 1% of participants with childhood onset and severe comorbidity. Early identification of this group may offer opportunities for preventive interventions. publishersversion published
- Published
- 2022
20. Pre-marital predictors of marital violence in the WHO World Mental Health (WMH) Surveys
- Author
-
Stokes, Cara M., Alonso, Jordi, Andrade, Laura Helena, Atwoli, Lukoye, Cardoso, Graça, Chiu, Wai Tat, Dinolova, Rumyana V., Gureje, Oye, Karam, Aimee N., Karam, Elie G., Kessler, Ronald C., Chatterji, Somnath, King, Andrew, Lee, Sing, Mneimneh, Zeina, Oladeji, Bibilola D., Petukhova, Maria, Rapsey, Charlene, Sampson, Nancy A., Scott, Kate, Street, Amy, Viana, Maria Carmen, Williams, Michelle A., Bossarte, Robert M., Aguilar-Gaxiola, Sergio, Al-Hamzawi, Ali, Al-Kaisy, Mohammed Salih, Benjet, Corina, Borges, Guilherme, Bromet, Evelyn J., Bruffaerts, Ronny, Bunting, Brendan, de Almeida, Jose Miguel Caldas, Cia, Alfredo H., Degenhardt, Louisa, Demyttenaere, Koen, Fayyad, John, Florescu, Silvia, de Girolamo, Giovanni, Haro, Josep Maria, He, Yanling, Hinkov, Hristo, Hu, Chi yi, Huang, Yueqin, de Jonge, Peter, Karam, Aimee Nasser, Kawakami, Norito, Kiejna, Andrzej, Kovess-Masfety, Viviane, Williams, David R., Developmental Psychology, and Scientific Visualization and Computer Graphics
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Health (social science) ,Social Psychology ,Epidemiology ,Marital violence ,media_common.quotation_subject ,education ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Risk Factors ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,medicine ,Humans ,Wife ,Interpersonal Relations ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Marriage ,Spouses ,media_common ,Age at first marriage ,Public health ,social sciences ,Middle Aged ,Mental health ,Predictive modeling ,030227 psychiatry ,Intimate partner violence ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Sexual intercourse ,International ,behavior and behavior mechanisms ,Domestic violence ,population characteristics ,Female ,Psychology ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
Purpose: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a pervasive public health problem. Existing research has focused on reports from victims and few studies have considered pre-marital factors. The main objective of this study was to identify pre-marital predictors of IPV in the current marriage using information obtained from husbands and wives. Methods: Data from were obtained from married heterosexual couples in six countries. Potential predictors included demographic and relationship characteristics, adverse childhood experiences, dating violence, and psychiatric disorders. Reports of IPV and other characteristics from husbands and wives were considered independently and in relation to spousal reports. Results: Overall, 14.4% of women were victims of IPV in the current marriage. Analyses identified ten significant variables including age at first marriage (husband), education, relative number of previous marriages (wife), history of one or more categories of childhood adversity (husband or wife), history of dating violence (husband or wife), early initiation of sexual intercourse (husband or wife), and four combinations of internalizing and externalizing disorders. The final model was moderately predictive of marital violence, with the 5% of women accounting for 18.6% of all cases of marital IPV. Conclusions: Results from this study advance understanding of pre-marital predictors of IPV within current marriages, including the importance of considering differences in the experiences of partners prior to marriage and may provide a foundation for more targeted primary prevention efforts.
- Published
- 2020
21. An updated global picture of cigarette smoking persistence among adults
- Author
-
Troost, Jonathan P., Barondess, David A., Storr, Carla L., Elisabeth Wells, J., Al-Hamzawi, Ali Obaid, Andrade, Laura Helena, Bromet, Evelyn, Bruffaerts, Ronny, Florescu, Silvia, Girolamo, Giovanni de, Graaf, Ron de, Gureje, Oye, Haro, Josep Maria, Hu, Chiyi, Huang, Yueqin, Karam, Aimee N., Kessler, Ronald C., Lepine, Jean-Pierre, Matschinger, Herbert, Medina-Mora, Maria Elena, O’Neill, Siobhan, Posada-Villa, Jose, Sagar, Rajesh, Takeshima, Tadashi, Tomov, Toma, Williams, David R., and Anthony, James C.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Predictors and severity of probable acute stress disorder following the Beirut Port Blast
- Author
-
Karam, Elie, primary, Saab, Dahlia, additional, Al Barathie, Josleen, additional, Karam, Aimee Nasser, additional, Karam, George, additional, and Bryant, Richard, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. a World Mental Health Surveys report
- Author
-
Stein, Dan J., Kazdin, Alan E., Ruscio, Ayelet Meron, Chiu, Wai Tat, Sampson, Nancy A., Ziobrowski, Hannah N., Aguilar-Gaxiola, Sergio, Al-Hamzawi, Ali, Alonso, Jordi, Altwaijri, Yasmin A., Bruffaerts, Ronny, Bunting, Brendan, de Girolamo, Giovanni, de Jonge, Peter, Degenhardt, Louisa, Gureje, Oye, Haro, Josep Maria, Harris, Meredith G., Karam, Aimee Nasser, Karam, Elie G., Kovess-Masfety, Viviane, Lee, Sing, Medina-Mora, Maria Elena, Moskalewicz, Jacek, Navarro-Mateu, Fernando, Nishi, Daisuke, Posada-Villa, José, Scott, Kate M., Viana, Maria Carmen, Vigo, Daniel V., Xavier, Miguel, Zarkov, Zahari, Kessler, Ronald C., Al-Kaisy, Mohammed Salih, Andrade, Laura Helena, Atwoli, Lukoye, Benjet, Corina, Borges, Guilherme, Bromet, Evelyn J., Caldas-de-Almeida, Jose Miguel, Cardoso, Graça, Chatterji, Somnath, Cia, Alfredo H., Demyttenaere, Koen, Florescu, Silvia, Hinkov, Hristo, Hu, Chi yi, Kawakami, Norito, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (NMS|FCM), Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas (CEDOC), and Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC) - pólo NMS
- Subjects
Psychiatry and Mental health ,Generalized anxiety disorder ,Patient-centered outcomes ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,Treatment helpfulness ,Pathways to treatment - Abstract
Funding Information: The WHO World Mental Health Survey collaborators are Sergio Aguilar-Gaxiola, MD, PhD; Ali Al-Hamzawi, MD; Mohammed Salih Al-Kaisy, MD; Jordi Alonso, MD, PhD; Yasmin A. Altwaijri, PhD; Laura Helena Andrade, MD, PhD; Lukoye Atwoli, MD, PhD; Corina Benjet, PhD; Guilherme Borges, ScD; Evelyn J. Bromet, PhD; Ronny Bruffaerts, PhD; Brendan Bunting, PhD; Jose Miguel Caldas-de-Almeida, MD, PhD; Gra?a Cardoso, MD, PhD; Somnath Chatterji, MD; Alfredo H. Cia, MD; Louisa Degenhardt, PhD; Koen Demyttenaere, MD, PhD; Silvia Florescu, MD, PhD; Giovanni de Girolamo, MD; Oye Gureje, MD, DSc, FRCPsych; Josep Maria Haro, MD, PhD; Meredith G. Harris, PhD; Hristo Hinkov, MD, PhD; Chi-yi Hu, MD, PhD; Peter de Jonge, PhD; Aimee Nasser Karam, PhD; Elie G. Karam, MD; Norito Kawakami, MD, DMSc; Ronald C. Kessler, PhD; Andrzej Kiejna, MD, PhD; Viviane Kovess-Masfety, MD, PhD; Sing Lee, MBBS; Jean-Pierre Lepine, MD; John J. McGrath, MD, PhD; Maria Elena Medina-Mora, PhD; Zeina Mneimneh, PhD; Jacek Moskalewicz, PhD; Fernando Navarro-Mateu, MD, PhD; Marina Piazza, MPH, ScD; Jose Posada-Villa, MD; Kate M. Scott, PhD; Tim Slade, PhD; Juan Carlos Stagnaro, MD, PhD; Dan J. Stein, FRCPC, PhD; Margreet ten Have, PhD; Yolanda Torres, MPH, Dra.HC; Maria Carmen Viana, MD, PhD; Daniel V. Vigo, MD, DrPH; Harvey Whiteford, MBBS, PhD; David R. Williams, MPH, PhD; Bogdan Wojtyniak, ScD. Funding Information: The Argentina survey -- Estudio Argentino de Epidemiología en Salud Mental (EASM) -- was supported by a grant from the Argentinian Ministry of Health (Ministerio de Salud de la Nación) - (Grant Number 2002–17270/13–5). The 2007 Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing is funded by the Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing. The São Paulo Megacity Mental Health Survey is supported by the State of São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) Thematic Project Grant 03/00204–3. The Bulgarian Epidemiological Study of common mental disorders EPIBUL is supported by the Ministry of Health and the National Center for Public Health Protection. EPIBUL 2, conducted in 2016–17, is supported by the Ministry of Health and European Economic Area Grants. The Colombian National Study of Mental Health (NSMH) is supported by the Ministry of Social Protection. The Mental Health Study Medellín – Colombia was carried out and supported jointly by the Center for Excellence on Research in Mental Health (CES University) and the Secretary of Health of Medellín. The ESEMeD project is funded by the European Commission (Contracts QLG5–1999-01042; SANCO 2004123, and EAHC 20081308), (the Piedmont Region (Italy)), Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain (FIS 00/0028), Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología, Spain (SAF 2000–158-CE), Generalitat de Catalunya (2017 SGR 452; 2014 SGR 748), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBER CB06/02/0046, RETICS RD06/0011 REM-TAP), and other local agencies and by an unrestricted educational grant from GlaxoSmithKline. Implementation of the Iraq Mental Health Survey (IMHS) and data entry were carried out by the staff of the Iraqi MOH and MOP with direct support from the Iraqi IMHS team with funding from both the Japanese and European Funds through United Nations Development Group Iraq Trust Fund (UNDG ITF). The Israel National Health Survey is funded by the Ministry of Health with support from the Israel National Institute for Health Policy and Health Services Research and the National Insurance Institute of Israel. The World Mental Health Japan (WMHJ) Survey is supported by the Grant for Research on Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases and Mental Health (H13-SHOGAI-023, H14-TOKUBETSU-026, H16-KOKORO-013, H25-SEISHIN-IPPAN-006) from the Japan Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. The Lebanese Evaluation of the Burden of Ailments and Needs Of the Nation (L.E.B.A.N.O.N.) is supported by the Lebanese Ministry of Public Health, the WHO (Lebanon), National Institute of Health/Fogarty International Center (R03 TW006481–01), anonymous private donations to IDRAAC, Lebanon, and unrestricted grants from, Algorithm, AstraZeneca, Benta, Bella Pharma, Eli Lilly, Glaxo Smith Kline, Lundbeck, Novartis, OmniPharma, Pfizer, Phenicia, Servier, UPO. The Mexican National Comorbidity Survey (MNCS) is supported by The National Institute of Psychiatry Ramon de la Fuente (INPRFMDIES 4280) and by the National Council on Science and Technology (CONACyT-G30544- H), with supplemental support from the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO). Te Rau Hinengaro: The New Zealand Mental Health Survey (NZMHS) is supported by the New Zealand Ministry of Health, Alcohol Advisory Council, and the Health Research Council. The Northern Ireland Study of Mental Health was funded by the Health & Social Care Research & Development Division of the Public Health Agency. The Peruvian World Mental Health Study was funded by the National Institute of Health of the Ministry of Health of Peru. The Polish project Epidemiology of Mental Health and Access to Care –EZOP Project (PL 0256) was carried out by the Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology in Warsaw in consortium with Department of Psychiatry - Medical University in Wroclaw and National Institute of Public Health-National Institute of Hygiene in Warsaw and in partnership with Psykiatrist Institut Vinderen–Universitet, Oslo. The project was funded by the European Economic Area Financial Mechanism and the Norwegian Financial Mechanism. EZOP project was co-financed by the Polish Ministry of Health. The Portuguese Mental Health Study was carried out by the Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences, NOVA University of Lisbon, with collaboration of the Portuguese Catholic University, and was funded by Champalimaud Foundation, Gulbenkian Foundation, Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) and Ministry of Health. The Saudi National Mental Health Survey (SNMHS) is conducted by the King Salman Center for Disability Research. It is funded by Saudi Basic Industries Corporation (SABIC), King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Ministry of Health (Saudi Arabia), and King Saud University. Funding in-kind was provided by King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, and the Ministry of Economy and Planning, General Authority for Statistics. The Psychiatric Enquiry to General Population in Southeast Spain – Murcia (PEGASUS-Murcia) Project has been financed by the Regional Health Authorities of Murcia (Servicio Murciano de Salud and Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social) and Fundación para la Formación e Investigación Sanitarias (FFIS) of Murcia. The US National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R) is supported by the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH; U01-MH60220) with supplemental support from the National Institute of Drug Abuse (NIDA), the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF; Grant 044708), and the John W. Alden Trust. Funding Information: The World Health Organization World Mental Health (WMH) Survey Initiative is supported by the United States National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH; R01 MH070884), the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, the Pfizer Foundation, the United States Public Health Service (R13-MH066849, R01-MH069864, and R01 DA016558), the Fogarty International Center (FIRCA R03-TW006481), the Pan American Health Organization, Eli Lilly and Company, Ortho-McNeil Pharmaceutical Inc., GlaxoSmithKline, and Bristol-Myers Squibb. We thank the staff of the WMH Data Collection and Data Analysis Coordination Centres for assistance with instrumentation, fieldwork, and consultation on data analysis. None of the funders had any role in the design, analysis, interpretation of results, or preparation of this paper. The views and opinions expressed in this report are those of the authors and should not be construed to represent the views of the World Health Organization, other sponsoring organizations, agencies, or governments. Funding Information: In the past 3 years, RCK reports being a consultant for Datastat, Inc., RallyPoint Networks, Inc., Sage Pharmaceuticals, and Takeda. FNM reports non-financial support from Otsuka outside and not related to the submitted work. In the past 3 years LD has received untied educational grant funding from Indivior and Seqirus, not related to the submitted work. DJS has received research grants and/or honoraria from Lundbeck, Johnson & Johnson, Servier and Takeda. The remaining authors declare that they have no competing interests. Publisher Copyright: © 2021, The Author(s). Background: Treatment guidelines for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) are based on a relatively small number of randomized controlled trials and do not consider patient-centered perceptions of treatment helpfulness. We investigated the prevalence and predictors of patient-reported treatment helpfulness for DSM-5 GAD and its two main treatment pathways: encounter-level treatment helpfulness and persistence in help-seeking after prior unhelpful treatment. Methods: Data came from community epidemiologic surveys in 23 countries in the WHO World Mental Health surveys. DSM-5 GAD was assessed with the fully structured WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview Version 3.0. Respondents with a history of GAD were asked whether they ever received treatment and, if so, whether they ever considered this treatment helpful. Number of professionals seen before obtaining helpful treatment was also assessed. Parallel survival models estimated probability and predictors of a given treatment being perceived as helpful and of persisting in help-seeking after prior unhelpful treatment. Results: The overall prevalence rate of GAD was 4.5%, with lower prevalence in low/middle-income countries (2.8%) than high-income countries (5.3%); 34.6% of respondents with lifetime GAD reported ever obtaining treatment for their GAD, with lower proportions in low/middle-income countries (19.2%) than high-income countries (38.4%); 3) 70% of those who received treatment perceived the treatment to be helpful, with prevalence comparable in low/middle-income countries and high-income countries. Survival analysis suggested that virtually all patients would have obtained helpful treatment if they had persisted in help-seeking with up to 10 professionals. However, we estimated that only 29.7% of patients would have persisted that long. Obtaining helpful treatment at the person-level was associated with treatment type, comorbid panic/agoraphobia, and childhood adversities, but most of these predictors were important because they predicted persistence rather than encounter-level treatment helpfulness. Conclusions: The majority of individuals with GAD do not receive treatment. Most of those who receive treatment regard it as helpful, but receiving helpful treatment typically requires persistence in help-seeking. Future research should focus on ensuring that helpfulness is included as part of the evaluation. Clinicians need to emphasize the importance of persistence to patients beginning treatment. publishersversion published
- Published
- 2021
24. Perceived helpfulness of treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder: Findings from the World Mental Health Surveys
- Author
-
Stein, Dan J., Harris, Meredith G., Vigo, Daniel V., Tat Chiu, Wai, Sampson, Nancy, Alonso, Jordi, Altwaijri, Yasmin, Bunting, Brendan, Caldas-de-Almeida, José Miguel, Cía, Alfredo, Ciutan, Marius, Degenhardt, Louisa, Gureje, Oye, Karam, Aimee, Karam, Elie G., Lee, Sing, Medina-Mora, Maria Elena, Mneimneh, Zeina, Navarro-Mateu, Fernando, Posada-Villa, José, Rapsey, Charlene, Torres, Yolanda, Carmen Viana, Maria, Ziv, Yuval, Kessler, Ronald C., Aguilar-Gaxiola, Sergio, Al-Hamzawi, Ali, Salih Al-Kaisy, Mohammed, Helena Andrade, Laura, Atwoli, Lukoye, Benjet, Corina, Borges, Guilherme, Bromet, Evelyn J., Bruffaerts, Ronny, Cardoso, Graça, Chatterji, Somnath, Cia, Alfredo H., Demyttenaere, Koen, Florescu, Silvia, de Girolamo, Giovanni, Maria Haro, Josep, Hinkov, Hristo, Chi-Hu, yi, de Jonge, Peter, Nasser Karam, Aimee, Kawakami, Norito, Kiejna, Andrzej, Kovess-Masfety, Viviane, Jean-Lepine, Pierre, Williams, David R., Developmental Psychology, and Scientific Visualization and Computer Graphics
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Comorbid anxiety ,Anxiety ,Article ,Odds ,Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Epidemiology ,Health care ,medicine ,Humans ,Child ,Psychiatry ,health services ,Survival analysis ,treatment ,business.industry ,PTSD ,Patient Acceptance of Health Care ,Health Surveys ,Mental health ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,Posttraumatic stress ,cross national ,trauma ,Helpfulness ,epidemiology ,business - Abstract
Background: Perceived helpfulness of treatment is an important healthcare quality indicator in the era of patient-centered care. We examine probability and predictors of two key components of this indicator for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Methods: Data come from World Mental Health surveys in 16 countries. Respondents who ever sought PTSD treatment (n = 779) were asked if treatment was ever helpful and, if so, the number of professionals they had to see to obtain helpful treatment. Patients whose treatment was never helpful were asked how many professionals they saw. Parallel survival models were estimated for obtaining helpful treatment in a specific encounter and persisting in help-seeking after earlier unhelpful encounters. Results: Fifty seven percent of patients eventually received helpful treatment, but survival analysis suggests that it would have been 85.7% if all patients had persisted in help-seeking with up to six professionals after earlier unhelpful treatment. Survival analysis suggests that only 23.6% of patients would persist to that extent. Odds of ever receiving helpful treatment were positively associated with receiving treatment from a mental health professional, short delays in initiating help-seeking after onset, absence of prior comorbid anxiety disorders and childhood adversities, and initiating treatment before 2000. Some of these variables predicted helpfulness of specific treatment encounters and others predicted persistence after earlier unhelpful encounters. Conclusions: The great majority of patients with PTSD would receive treatment they considered helpful if they persisted in help-seeking after initial unhelpful encounters, but most patients whose initial treatment is unhelpful give up before receiving helpful treatment.
- Published
- 2020
25. Evaluating the drug use “gateway” theory using cross-national data: Consistency and associations of the order of initiation of drug use among participants in the WHO World Mental Health Surveys
- Author
-
Degenhardt, Louisa, Dierker, Lisa, Chiu, Wai Tat, Medina-Mora, Maria Elena, Neumark, Yehuda, Sampson, Nancy, Alonso, Jordi, Angermeyer, Matthias, Anthony, James C., Bruffaerts, Ronny, de Girolamo, Giovanni, de Graaf, Ron, Gureje, Oye, Karam, Aimee N., Kostyuchenko, Stanislav, Lee, Sing, Lépine, Jean-Pierre, Levinson, Daphna, Nakamura, Yosikazu, Posada-Villa, Jose, Stein, Dan, Wells, J. Elisabeth, and Kessler, Ronald C.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. The epidemiology of anxiety disorders in the Arab world: A review
- Author
-
Tanios, Christine Y., Abou-Saleh, Mohammad T., Karam, Aimée N., Salamoun, Mariana M., Mneimneh, Zeina N., and Karam, Elie G.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Transdiagnostic development of internalizing psychopathology throughout the life course up to age 45: a World Mental Health Surveys report.
- Author
-
de Vries, Ymkje Anna, Al-Hamzawi, Ali, Alonso, Jordi, Andrade, Laura Helena, Benjet, Corina, Bruffaerts, Ronny, Bunting, Brendan, de Girolamo, Giovanni, Florescu, Silvia, Gureje, Oye, Haro, Josep Maria, Karam, Aimee, Karam, Elie G., Kawakami, Norito, Kovess-Masfety, Viviane, Lee, Sing, Mneimneh, Zeina, Navarro-Mateu, Fernando, Ojagbemi, Akin, and Posada-Villa, José
- Subjects
STRUCTURAL equation modeling ,LIFE course approach ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,AGE distribution ,CROSS-sectional method ,MENTAL health ,REGRESSION analysis ,PUBERTY ,SURVEYS ,RISK assessment ,PATHOLOGICAL psychology ,MENTAL depression ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,ANXIETY ,LOGISTIC regression analysis ,SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC factors ,ODDS ratio ,MENTAL illness ,COMORBIDITY ,MIDDLE age - Abstract
Background: Depressive and anxiety disorders are highly comorbid, which has been theorized to be due to an underlying internalizing vulnerability. We aimed to identify groups of participants with differing vulnerabilities by examining the course of internalizing psychopathology up to age 45. Methods: We used data from 24158 participants (aged 45+) in 23 population-based cross-sectional World Mental Health Surveys. Internalizing disorders were assessed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). We applied latent class growth analysis (LCGA) and investigated the characteristics of identified classes using logistic or linear regression. Results: The best-fitting LCGA solution identified eight classes: a healthy class (81.9%), three childhood-onset classes with mild (3.7%), moderate (2.0%), or severe (1.1%) internalizing comorbidity, two puberty-onset classes with mild (4.0%) or moderate (1.4%) comorbidity, and two adult-onset classes with mild comorbidity (2.7% and 3.2%). The childhood-onset severe class had particularly unfavorable sociodemographic outcomes compared to the healthy class, with increased risks of being never or previously married (OR = 2.2 and 2.0, p < 0.001), not being employed (OR = 3.5, p < 0.001), and having a low/low-average income (OR = 2.2, p < 0.001). Moderate or severe (v. mild) comorbidity was associated with 12-month internalizing disorders (OR = 1.9 and 4.8, p < 0.001), disability (B = 1.1–2.3, p < 0.001), and suicidal ideation (OR = 4.2, p < 0.001 for severe comorbidity only). Adult (v. childhood) onset was associated with lower rates of 12-month internalizing disorders (OR = 0.2, p < 0.001). Conclusions: We identified eight transdiagnostic trajectories of internalizing psychopathology. Unfavorable outcomes were concentrated in the 1% of participants with childhood onset and severe comorbidity. Early identification of this group may offer opportunities for preventive interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Additional file 1 of Perceived helpfulness of treatment for generalized anxiety disorder: a World Mental Health Surveys report
- Author
-
Stein, Dan J., Kazdin, Alan E., Ruscio, Ayelet Meron, Chiu, Wai Tat, Sampson, Nancy A., Ziobrowski, Hannah N., Aguilar-Gaxiola, Sergio, Al-Hamzawi, Ali, Alonso, Jordi, Altwaijri, Yasmin, Bruffaerts, Ronny, Bunting, Brendan, de Girolamo, Giovanni, de Jonge, Peter, Degenhardt, Louisa, Gureje, Oye, Haro, Josep Maria, Harris, Meredith G., Karam, Aimee, Karam, Elie G., Kovess-Masfety, Viviane, Lee, Sing, Medina-Mora, Maria Elena, Moskalewicz, Jacek, Navarro-Mateu, Fernando, Nishi, Daisuke, Posada-Villa, José, Scott, Kate M., Viana, Maria Carmen, Vigo, Daniel V., Xavier, Miguel, Zarkov, Zahari, and Kessler, Ronald C.
- Abstract
Additional file 1: Table 1. WMH sample characteristics by World Bank income categoriesa. Table 2. Conditional and cumulative probabilities of obtaining helpful treatment for generalized anxiety disorder after each professional seen, among respondents with lifetime DSM-5 generalized anxiety disorder who obtained treatment in low/middle-income and high-income countries. Table 3. Conditional and cumulative probabilities of persistence in help-seeking after previous unhelpful treatment, among respondents with lifetime DSM-5 generalized anxiety disorder who obtained treatment in low/middle-income and high-income countries. Table 4. Predictors of obtaining helpful treatment (person-level), among people with lifetime DSM-5 generalized anxiety disorder who obtained treatment. Table 5. Interactions between main effects and country income group to predict obtaining helpful treatment (person-level composite outcome) and the decomposed encounter-level outcomes of helpful treatment and persistence, among people with lifetime DSM-5 generalized anxiety disorder who obtained treatment. Table 6. (Low/middle-income countries): Predictors of obtaining helpful treatment (person-level composite outcome) and of the decomposed encounter-level outcomes of helpful treatment and persistence, among people with lifetime DSM-5 generalized anxiety disorder who obtained treatment. Table 7. (High-income countries): Predictors of obtaining helpful treatment (person-level composite outcome) and of the decomposed encounter-level outcomes of helpful treatment and persistence, among people with lifetime DSM-5 generalized anxiety disorder who obtained treatment. Table 8. Interactions between main effects and historical time to predict obtaining helpfulness of treatment (person-level composite outcome) and the decomposed encounter-level outcomes of helpful treatment and persistence, among people with lifetime DSM-5 generalized anxiety disorder who obtained treatment. Table 9. (Started GAD treatment in 2000 or later): Predictors of obtaining helpful treatment (person-level composite outcome) and of the decomposed encounter-level outcomes of helpful treatment and persistence, among people with lifetime DSM-5 generalized anxiety disorder who obtained treatment. Table 10. (Started GAD treatment 1990 to 1999): Predictors of obtaining helpful treatment (person-level composite outcome) and of the decomposed encounter-level outcomes of helpful treatment and persistence, among people with lifetime DSM-5 generalized anxiety disorder who obtained treatment.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Transdiagnostic trajectories of internalizing psychopathology throughout the life course: a World Mental Health Surveys report
- Author
-
de Vries, Ymkje Anna, Al-Hamzawi, Ali, Alonso, Jordi, Andrade, Laura Helena, Benjet, Corina, Bruffaerts, Ronny, Bunting, Brendan, de Girolamo, Giovanni, Florescu, Silvia, Gureje, Oye, Haro, Josep Maria, Karam, Aimee, Karam, Elie G., Kawakami, Norito, Kovess-Masfety, Viviane, Lee, Sing, Mneimneh, Zeina, Navarro-Mateu, Fernando, Ojagbemi, Akin, Posada-Villa, José, Scott, Kate, Stagnaro, Juan Carlos, Torres, Yolanda, Xavier, Miguel, Zarkov, Zahari N., Kessler, Ronald C., and de Jonge, Peter
- Subjects
Adult ,Life Change Events ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Psychopathology ,Humans ,Comorbidity ,Child ,Anxiety Disorders ,Health Surveys ,Article - Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To identify groups of participants with differing vulnerabilities to internalizing disorders by examining the course of internalizing psychopathology up to age 45. METHODS: We used data from 24,158 participants (aged 45+) in 23 population-based cross-sectional World Mental Health Surveys. Internalizing disorders were assessed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). We applied latent class growth analysis (LCGA) and investigated the characteristics of identified classes using logistic or linear regression. RESULTS: The best-fitting LCGA solution identified 8 classes: a healthy class (81.9%), three childhood-onset classes with mild (3.7%), moderate (2.0%), or severe (1.1%) internalizing comorbidity, two puberty-onset classes with mild (4.0%) or moderate (1.4%) comorbidity, and two adult-onset classes with mild comorbidity (2.7% and 3.2%). Participants in the childhood-onset severe class reported particularly unfavorable sociodemographic outcomes compared to the healthy class, with an increased risk of being never or previously married (OR=2.2 and 2.0, p
- Published
- 2020
30. The relation between multiple pains and mental disorders: Results from the World Mental Health Surveys
- Author
-
Gureje, Oye, Von Korff, Michael, Kola, Lola, Demyttenaere, Koen, He, Yanling, Posada-Villa, José, Lepine, Jean Pierre, Angermeyer, Matthias C., Levinson, Daphna, de Girolamo, Giovanni, Iwata, Noboru, Karam, Aimee, Luiz Guimaraes Borges, Guilherme, de Graaf, Ron, Browne, Mark Oakley, Stein, Dan J., Haro, Josep Maria, Bromet, Evelyn J., Kessler, Ron C., and Alonso, Jordi
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. CUMULATIVE TRAUMAS AND RISK THRESHOLDS: 12-MONTH PTSD IN THE WORLD MENTAL HEALTH (WMH) SURVEYS
- Author
-
Karam, Elie G., Friedman, Matthew J., Hill, Eric D., Kessler, Ronald C., McLaughlin, Katie A., Petukhova, Maria, Sampson, Laura, Shahly, Victoria, Angermeyer, Matthias C., Bromet, Evelyn J., de Girolamo, Giovanni, de Graaf, Ron, Demyttenaere, Koen, Ferry, Finola, Florescu, Silvia E., Haro, Josep Maria, He, Yanling, Karam, Aimee N., Kawakami, Norito, Kovess-Masfety, Viviane, Elena Medina-Mora, María, Browne, Mark A. Oakley, Posada-Villa, José A., Shalev, Arieh Y., Stein, Dan J., Viana, Maria Carmen, Zarkov, Zahari, and Koenen, Karestan C.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Toward a global view of alcohol, tobacco, cannabis, and cocaine use: findings from the WHO World Mental Health Surveys
- Author
-
Degenhardt, Louisa, Chiu, Wai-Tat, Sampson, Nancy, Kessler, Ronald C., Anthony, James C., Angermeyer, Matthias, Bruffaerts, Ronny, de Girolamo, Giovanni, Gureje, Oye, Huang, Yueqin, Karam, Aimee, Kostyuchenko, Stanislav, Lepine, Jean Pierre, Mora, Maria Elena Medina, Neumark, Yehuda, Ormel, J. Hans, Pinto-Meza, Alejandra, Posada-Villa, Jose, Stein, Dan J., Takeshima, Tadashi, and Wells, J. Elisabeth
- Subjects
World health -- Surveys -- Reports ,Health surveys -- Reports -- Surveys ,Mental health -- Surveys -- Reports ,Substance abuse -- Surveys -- Reports ,Biological sciences ,World Health Organization -- Reports -- Surveys - Abstract
Background Alcohol, tobacco, and illegal drug use cause considerable morbidity and mortality, but good cross-national epidemiological data are limited. This paper describes such data from the first 17 countries participating in the World Health Organization's (WHO's) World Mental Health (WMH) Survey Initiative. Methods and Findings Household surveys with a combined sample size of 85,052 were carried out in the Americas (Colombia, Mexico, United States), Europe (Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Spain, Ukraine), Middle East and Africa (Israel, Lebanon, Nigeria, South Africa), Asia (Japan, People's Republic of China), and Oceania (New Zealand). The WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) was used to assess the prevalence and correlates of a wide variety of mental and substance disorders. This paper focuses on lifetime use and age of initiation of tobacco, alcohol, cannabis, and cocaine. Alcohol had been used by most in the Americas, Europe, Japan, and New Zealand, with smaller proportions in the Middle East, Africa, and China. Cannabis use in the US and New Zealand (both 42%) was far higher than in any other country. The US was also an outlier in cocaine use (16%). Males were more likely than females to have used drugs; and a sex-cohort interaction was observed, whereby not only were younger cohorts more likely to use all drugs, but the male-female gap was closing in more recent cohorts. The period of risk for drug initiation also appears to be lengthening longer into adulthood among more recent cohorts. Associations with sociodemographic variables were consistent across countries, as were the curves of incidence of lifetime use. Conclusions Globally, drug use is not distributed evenly and is not simply related to drug policy, since countries with stringent user-level illegal drug policies did not have lower levels of use than countries with liberal ones. Sex differences were consistently documented, but are decreasing in more recent cohorts, who also have higher levels of illegal drug use and extensions in the period of risk for initiation., The Editors' Summary of this article follows the references. Introduction Alcohol, tobacco, and illegal drug use are held responsible for considerable mortality and morbidity [1], but in the most recent [...]
- Published
- 2008
33. Lifetime prevalence of mental disorders in Lebanon: first onset, treatment, and exposure to war
- Author
-
Karam, Elie G., Mneimneh, Zeina N., Dimassi, Hani, Fayyad, John A., Karam, Aimee N., Nasser, Soumana C., Chatterji, Somnath, and Kessler, Ronald C.
- Subjects
Biological sciences - Abstract
Background There are no published data on national lifetime prevalence and treatment of mental disorders in the Arab region. Furthermore, the effect of war on first onset of disorders has not been addressed previously on a national level, especially in the Arab region. Thus, the current study aims at investigating the lifetime prevalence, treatment, age of onset of mental disorders, and their relationship to war in Lebanon. Methods and Findings The Lebanese Evaluation of the Burden of Ailments and Needs Of the Nation study was carried out on a nationally representative sample of the Lebanese population (n=2,857 adults). Respondents were interviewed using the fully structured WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview 3.0. Lifetime prevalence of any Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition (DSM-IV) disorder was 25.8%. Anxiety (16.7%) and mood (12.6%) were more common than impulse control (4.4%) and substance (2.2%) disorders. Only a minority of people with any mental disorder ever received professional treatment, with substantial delays (6 to 28 y) between the onset of disorders and onset of treatment. War exposure increased the risk of first onset of anxiety (odds ratio [OR] 5.92, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.5-14.1), mood (OR 3.32, 95% CI 2.0-5.6), and impulse control disorders (OR 12.72, 95% CI 4.5-35.7). Conclusions About one-fourth of the sample (25.8%) met criteria for at least one of the DSM-IV disorders at some point in their lives. There is a substantial unmet need for early identification and treatment. Exposure to war events increases the odds of first onset of mental disorders., Introduction Large-scale psychiatric epidemiologic studies have become increasingly common in industrialized countries in the past decade [1-5] in response to mounting concerns about the prevalence and burden of mental disorders [...]
- Published
- 2008
34. Prevalence and treatment of mental disorders in Lebanon: a national epidemiological survey
- Author
-
Karam, Elie G., Mneimneh, Zeina N., Karam, Aimee N., Fayyad, John A., Nasser, Soumana C., Chatterji, Somnath, and Kessler, Ronald C.
- Subjects
Epidemiology -- Demographic aspects ,Mental illness -- Care and treatment ,Mental illness -- Demographic aspects - Published
- 2006
35. Temperament and major depressive disorder
- Author
-
Mneimneh Zeina, Yeretzian Joumana S, Salamoun Mariana M, Karam Elie G, Karam Aimee N, and Fayyad John
- Subjects
Psychiatry ,RC435-571 - Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Transdiagnostic development of internalizing psychopathology throughout the life course up to age 45: a World Mental Health Surveys report
- Author
-
de Vries, Ymkje Anna, primary, Al-Hamzawi, Ali, additional, Alonso, Jordi, additional, Andrade, Laura Helena, additional, Benjet, Corina, additional, Bruffaerts, Ronny, additional, Bunting, Brendan, additional, de Girolamo, Giovanni, additional, Florescu, Silvia, additional, Gureje, Oye, additional, Haro, Josep Maria, additional, Karam, Aimee, additional, Karam, Elie G., additional, Kawakami, Norito, additional, Kovess-Masfety, Viviane, additional, Lee, Sing, additional, Mneimneh, Zeina, additional, Navarro-Mateu, Fernando, additional, Ojagbemi, Akin, additional, Posada-Villa, José, additional, Scott, Kate, additional, Stagnaro, Juan Carlos, additional, Torres, Yolanda, additional, Xavier, Miguel, additional, Zarkov, Zahari N., additional, Kessler, Ronald C., additional, and de Jonge, Peter, additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Parent psychopathology and offspring mental disorders: results from the WHO World Mental Health Surveys
- Author
-
McLaughlin, Katie A., Gadermann, Anne M., Hwang, Irving, Sampson, Nancy A., Al-Hamzawi, Ali, Andrade, Laura Helena, Angermeyer, Matthias C., Benjet, Corina, Bromet, Evelyn J., Bruffaerts, Ronny, Caldas-de-Almeida, José Miguel, de Girolamo, Giovanni, de Graaf, Ron, Florescu, Silvia, Gureje, Oye, Haro, Josep Maria, Hinkov, Hristo Ruskov, Horiguchi, Itsuko, Hu, Chiyi, Karam, Aimee Nasser, Kovess-Masfety, Viviane, Lee, Sing, Murphy, Samuel D., Nizamie, S. Haque, Posada-Villa, José, Williams, David R., and Kessler, Ronald C.
- Published
- 2012
38. Development of Lifetime Comorbidity in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys
- Author
-
Kessler, Ronald C., Ormel, Johan, Petukhova, Maria, McLaughlin, Katie A., Green, Jennifer Greif, Russo, Leo J., Stein, Dan J., Zaslavsky, Alan M., Aguilar-Gaxiola, Sergio, Alonso, Jordi, Andrade, Laura, Benjet, Corina, de Girolamo, Giovanni, de Graaf, Ron, Demyttenaere, Koen, Fayyad, John, Haro, Josep Maria, Hu, Chi yi, Karam, Aimee, Lee, Sing, Lepine, Jean-Pierre, Matchsinger, Herbert, Mihaescu-Pintia, Constanta, Posada-Villa, Jose, Sagar, Rajesh, and Üstün, T. Bedirhan
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Associations of serious mental illness with earnings: results from the WHO World Mental Health surveys
- Author
-
Levinson, Daphna, Lakoma, Matthew D., Petukhova, Maria, Schoenbaum, Michael, Zaslavsky, Alan M., Angermeyer, Matthias, Borges, Guilherme, Bruffaerts, Ronny, de Girolamo, Giovanni, de Graaf, Ron, Gureje, Oye, Haro, Josep Maria, Hu, Chiyi, Karam, Aimee N., Kawakami, Norito, Lee, Sing, Lepine, Jean-Pierre, Browne, Mark Oakley, Okoliyski, Michail, Posada-Villa, José, Sagar, Rajesh, Viana, Maria Carmen, Williams, David R., and Kessler, Ronald C.
- Published
- 2010
40. AGE DIFFERENCES IN THE PREVALENCE AND CO-MORBIDITY OF DSM-IV MAJOR DEPRESSIVE EPISODES: RESULTS FROM THE WHO WORLD MENTAL HEALTH SURVEY INITIATIVE
- Author
-
Kessler, Ronald C., Birnbaum, Howard G., Shahly, Victoria, Bromet, Evelyn, Hwang, Irving, McLaughlin, Katie A., Sampson, Nancy, Andrade, Laura Helena, de Girolamo, Giovanni, Demyttenaere, Koen, Haro, Josep Maria, Karam, Aimee N., Kostyuchenko, Stanislav, Kovess, Viviane, Lara, Carmen, Levinson, Daphna, Matschinger, Herbert, Nakane, Yoshibumi, Browne, Mark Oakley, Ormel, Johan, Posada-Villa, Jose, Sagar, Rajesh, and Stein, Dan J.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Patterns and correlates of patient‐reported helpfulness of treatment for common mental and substance use disorders in the WHOWorld Mental Health Surveys
- Author
-
Kessler, Ronald C., Kazdin, Alan E., Aguilar‐Gaxiola, Sergio, Al‐Hamzawi, Ali, Alonso, Jordi, Altwaijri, Yasmin A., Andrade, Laura H., Benjet, Corina, Bharat, Chrianna, Borges, Guilherme, Bruffaerts, Ronny, Bunting, Brendan, Almeida, José Miguel Caldas, Cardoso, Graça, Chiu, Wai Tat, Cía, Alfredo, Ciutan, Marius, Degenhardt, Louisa, Girolamo, Giovanni, Jonge, Peter, Vries, Ymkje Anna, Florescu, Silvia, Gureje, Oye, Haro, Josep Maria, Harris, Meredith G., Hu, Chiyi, Karam, Aimee N., Karam, Elie G., Karam, Georges, Kawakami, Norito, Kiejna, Andrzej, Kovess‐Masfety, Viviane, Lee, Sing, Makanjuola, Victor, McGrath, John J., Medina‐Mora, Maria Elena, Moskalewicz, Jacek, Navarro‐Mateu, Fernando, Nierenberg, Andrew A., Nishi, Daisuke, Ojagbemi, Akin, Oladeji, Bibilola D., O'Neill, Siobhan, Posada‐Villa, José, Puac‐Polanco, Victor, Rapsey, Charlene, Ruscio, Ayelet Meron, Sampson, Nancy A., Scott, Kate M., Slade, Tim, Stagnaro, Juan Carlos, Stein, Dan J., Tachimori, Hisateru, Have, Margreet, Torres, Yolanda, Viana, Maria Carmen, Vigo, Daniel V., Williams, David R., Wojtyniak, Bogdan, Xavier, Miguel, Zarkov, Zahari, and Ziobrowski, Hannah N.
- Abstract
Patient‐reported helpfulness of treatment is an important indicator of quality in patient‐centered care. We examined its pathways and predictors among respondents to household surveys who reported ever receiving treatment for major depression, generalized anxiety disorder, social phobia, specific phobia, post‐traumatic stress disorder, bipolar disorder, or alcohol use disorder. Data came from 30 community epidemiological surveys – 17 in high‐income countries (HICs) and 13 in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs) – carried out as part of the World Health Organization (WHO)’s World Mental Health (WMH) Surveys. Respondents were asked whether treatment of each disorder was ever helpful and, if so, the number of professionals seen before receiving helpful treatment. Across all surveys and diagnostic categories, 26.1% of patients (N=10,035) reported being helped by the very first professional they saw. Persisting to a second professional after a first unhelpful treatment brought the cumulative probability of receiving helpful treatment to 51.2%. If patients persisted with up through eight professionals, the cumulative probability rose to 90.6%. However, only an estimated 22.8% of patients would have persisted in seeing these many professionals after repeatedly receiving treatments they considered not helpful. Although the proportion of individuals with disorders who sought treatment was higher and they were more persistent in HICs than LMICs, proportional helpfulness among treated cases was no different between HICs and LMICs. A wide range of predictors of perceived treatment helpfulness were found, some of them consistent across diagnostic categories and others unique to specific disorders. These results provide novel information about patient evaluations of treatment across diagnoses and countries varying in income level, and suggest that a critical issue in improving the quality of care for mental disorders should be fostering persistence in professional help‐seeking if earlier treatments are not helpful.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Results from the World Mental Health Surveys
- Author
-
De Vries, Ymkje Anna, Al-Hamzawi, Ali, Alonso, Jordi, Borges, Guilherme, Bruffaerts, Ronny, Bunting, Brendan, Caldas-De-Almeida, José Miguel, Cia, Alfredo H., De Girolamo, Giovanni, Dinolova, Rumyana V., Esan, Oluyomi, Florescu, Silvia, Gureje, Oye, Haro, Josep Maria, Hu, Chiyi, Karam, Elie G., Karam, Aimee Nasser, Kawakami, Norito, Kiejna, Andrzej, Kovess-Masfety, Viviane, Lee, Sing, Mneimneh, Zeina, Navarro-Mateu, Fernando, Piazza, Marina, Scott, Kate M., Ten Have, Margreet, Torres, Yolanda, Viana, Maria Carmen, Kessler, Ronald C., De Jonge, Peter, Aguilar-Gaxiola, Sergio, Al-Kaisy, Mohammed Salih, Andrade, Laura Helena, Benjet, Corina, Bromet, Evelyn J., De Almeida, Jose Miguel Caldas, Cardoso, Graça, Chatterji, Somnath, Degenhardt, Louisa, Demyttenaere, Koen, Hinkov, Hristo, Hu, Chi Yi, Lepine, Jean Pierre, Levinson, Daphna, McGrath, John, Medina-Mora, Maria Elena, Moskalewicz, Jacek, Pennell, Beth Ellen, Posada-Villa, Jose, Slade, Tim, Stagnaro, Juan Carlos, Stein, Dan J., Whiteford, Harvey, Williams, David R., Wojtyniak, Bogdan, and NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (NMS|FCM)
- Subjects
Medicine(all) ,Specific phobia ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,Early markers ,Internalizing disorders ,Comorbidity ,Suicidality - Abstract
Background: Specific phobia (SP) is a relatively common disorder associated with high levels of psychiatric comorbidity. Because of its early onset, SP may be a useful early marker of internalizing psychopathology, especially if generalized to multiple situations. This study aimed to evaluate the association of childhood generalized SP with comorbid internalizing disorders. Methods: We conducted retrospective analyses of the cross-sectional population-based World Mental Health Surveys using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Outcomes were lifetime prevalence, age of onset, and persistence of internalizing disorders; past-month disability; lifetime suicidality; and 12-month serious mental illness. Logistic and linear regressions were used to assess the association of these outcomes with the number of subtypes of childhood-onset (< 13 years) SP. Results: Among 123,628 respondents from 25 countries, retrospectively reported prevalence of childhood SP was 5.9%, 56% of whom reported one, 25% two, 10% three, and 8% four or more subtypes. Lifetime prevalence of internalizing disorders increased from 18.2% among those without childhood SP to 46.3% among those with one and 75.6% those with 4+ subtypes (OR = 2.4, 95% CI 2.3-2.5, p < 0.001). Twelve-month persistence of lifetime internalizing comorbidity at interview increased from 47.9% among those without childhood SP to 59.0% and 79.1% among those with 1 and 4+ subtypes (OR = 1.4, 95% CI 1.4-1.5, p < 0.001). Respondents with 4+ subtypes also reported significantly more disability (3.5 days out of role in the past month) than those without childhood SP (1.1 days) or with only 1 subtype (1.8 days) (B = 0.56, SE 0.06, p < 0.001) and a much higher rate of lifetime suicide attempts (16.8%) than those without childhood SP (2.0%) or with only 1 subtype (6.5%) (OR = 1.7, 95% CI 1.7-1.8, p < 0.001). Conclusions: This large international study shows that childhood-onset generalized SP is related to adverse outcomes in the internalizing domain throughout the life course. Comorbidity, persistence, and severity of internalizing disorders all increased with the number of childhood SP subtypes. Although our study cannot establish whether SP is causally associated with these poor outcomes or whether other factors, such as a shared underlying vulnerability, explain the association, our findings clearly show that childhood generalized SP identifies an important target group for early intervention. publishersversion published
- Published
- 2019
43. Perceived helpfulness of treatment for generalized anxiety disorder: a World Mental Health Surveys report.
- Author
-
Stein, Dan J., Kazdin, Alan E., Ruscio, Ayelet Meron, Chiu, Wai Tat, Sampson, Nancy A., Ziobrowski, Hannah N., Aguilar-Gaxiola, Sergio, Al-Hamzawi, Ali, Alonso, Jordi, Altwaijri, Yasmin, Bruffaerts, Ronny, Bunting, Brendan, de Girolamo, Giovanni, de Jonge, Peter, Degenhardt, Louisa, Gureje, Oye, Haro, Josep Maria, Harris, Meredith G., Karam, Aimee, and Karam, Elie G.
- Subjects
MENTAL health surveys ,GENERALIZED anxiety disorder ,ANXIETY treatment ,HIGH-income countries ,WORLD health - Abstract
Background: Treatment guidelines for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) are based on a relatively small number of randomized controlled trials and do not consider patient-centered perceptions of treatment helpfulness. We investigated the prevalence and predictors of patient-reported treatment helpfulness for DSM-5 GAD and its two main treatment pathways: encounter-level treatment helpfulness and persistence in help-seeking after prior unhelpful treatment. Methods: Data came from community epidemiologic surveys in 23 countries in the WHO World Mental Health surveys. DSM-5 GAD was assessed with the fully structured WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview Version 3.0. Respondents with a history of GAD were asked whether they ever received treatment and, if so, whether they ever considered this treatment helpful. Number of professionals seen before obtaining helpful treatment was also assessed. Parallel survival models estimated probability and predictors of a given treatment being perceived as helpful and of persisting in help-seeking after prior unhelpful treatment. Results: The overall prevalence rate of GAD was 4.5%, with lower prevalence in low/middle-income countries (2.8%) than high-income countries (5.3%); 34.6% of respondents with lifetime GAD reported ever obtaining treatment for their GAD, with lower proportions in low/middle-income countries (19.2%) than high-income countries (38.4%); 3) 70% of those who received treatment perceived the treatment to be helpful, with prevalence comparable in low/middle-income countries and high-income countries. Survival analysis suggested that virtually all patients would have obtained helpful treatment if they had persisted in help-seeking with up to 10 professionals. However, we estimated that only 29.7% of patients would have persisted that long. Obtaining helpful treatment at the person-level was associated with treatment type, comorbid panic/agoraphobia, and childhood adversities, but most of these predictors were important because they predicted persistence rather than encounter-level treatment helpfulness. Conclusions: The majority of individuals with GAD do not receive treatment. Most of those who receive treatment regard it as helpful, but receiving helpful treatment typically requires persistence in help-seeking. Future research should focus on ensuring that helpfulness is included as part of the evaluation. Clinicians need to emphasize the importance of persistence to patients beginning treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. results from the World Mental Health Survey Initiative
- Author
-
Frounfelker, Rochelle, Gilman, Stephen E., Betancourt, Theresa S., Aguilar-Gaxiola, Sergio, Alonso, Jordi, Bromet, Evelyn J., Bruffaerts, Ronny, de Girolamo, Giovanni, Gluzman, Semyon, Gureje, Oye, Karam, Elie G., Lee, Sing, Lépine, Jean Pierre, Ono, Yutaka, Pennell, Beth Ellen, Popovici, Daniela G., Ten Have, Margreet, Kessler, Ronald C., Al-Hamzawi, Ali, Al-Kaisy, Mohammed Salih, Andrade, Laura Helena, Benjet, Corina, Borges, Guilherme, Bunting, Brendan, de Almeida, Jose Miguel Caldas, Cardoso, Graca, Cia, Alfredo H., Chatterji, Somnath, Degenhardt, Louisa, de Jonge, Peter, Demyttenaere, Koen, Fayyad, John, Florescu, Silvia, Haro, Josep Maria, He, Yanling, Hinkov, Hristo, Hu, Chi yi, Huang, Yueqin, Karam, Aimee Nasser, Kawakami, Norito, Kiejna, Andrzej, Kovess-Masfety, Viviane, On Behalf Of The Who World Mental Health Survey Collaborators, Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas (CEDOC), and NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (NMS|FCM)
- Subjects
Psychiatry and Mental health ,World War II ,Social Psychology ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,Epidemiology ,SDG 16 - Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions ,Civilians in war ,Major depressive disorder ,Anxiety disorders ,Health(social science) - Abstract
Purpose: Understanding the effects of war on mental disorders is important for developing effective post-conflict recovery policies and programs. The current study uses cross-sectional, retrospectively reported data collected as part of the World Mental Health (WMH) Survey Initiative to examine the associations of being a civilian in a war zone/region of terror in World War II with a range of DSM-IV mental disorders. Methods: Adults (n = 3370) who lived in countries directly involved in World War II in Europe and Japan were administered structured diagnostic interviews of lifetime DSM-IV mental disorders. The associations of war-related traumas with subsequent disorder onset-persistence were assessed with discrete-time survival analysis (lifetime prevalence) and conditional logistic regression (12-month prevalence). Results: Respondents who were civilians in a war zone/region of terror had higher lifetime risks than other respondents of major depressive disorder (MDD; OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.1, 1.9) and anxiety disorder (OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.1, 2.0). The association of war exposure with MDD was strongest in the early years after the war, whereas the association with anxiety disorders increased over time. Among lifetime cases, war exposure was associated with lower past year risk of anxiety disorders (OR 0.4, 95% CI 0.2, 0.7). Conclusions: Exposure to war in World War II was associated with higher lifetime risk of some mental disorders. Whether comparable patterns will be found among civilians living through more recent wars remains to be seen, but should be recognized as a possibility by those projecting future needs for treatment of mental disorders. publishersversion published
- Published
- 2018
45. Socio-economic variations in the mental health treatment gap for people with anxiety, mood, and substance use disorders: results from the WHO World Mental Health (WMH) surveys
- Author
-
Evans-Lacko, S., Aguilar-Gaxiola, S., Al-Hamzawi, A., Alonso, J., Benjet, C., Bruffaerts, R., Chiu, W. T., Florescu, S., De Girolamo, G., Gureje, O., Haro, J. M., He, Y., Hu, C., Karam, E. G., Kawakami, N., Lee, S., Lund, C., Kovess-Masfety, V., Levinson, D., Navarro-Mateu, F., Pennell, B. E., Sampson, N. A., Scott, K. M., Tachimori, H., Ten Have, M., Viana, M. C., Williams, D. R., Wojtyniak, B. J., Zarkov, Z., Kessler, R. C., Chatterji, S., Thornicroft, G., Al-Kaisy, Mohammed Salih, Andrade, Laura Helena, Borges, Guilherme, Bromet, Evelyn J., Bunting, Brendan, Caldas De Almeida, Jose Miguel, Cardoso, Graça, Cia, Alfredo H., Degenhardt, Louisa, Demyttenaere, Koen, Fayyad, John, Hinkov, Hristo, Hu, Chi Yi, Huang, Yueqin, De Jonge, Peter, Karam, Aimee Nasser, Kiejna, Andrzej, Lepine, Jean Pierre, Developmental Psychology, and Universitat de Barcelona
- Subjects
Male ,Internationality ,Education ,mental health service use ,Psychological intervention ,Surveys ,0302 clinical medicine ,RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine ,occupation ,population studies ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Limitació de l'esforç terapèutic ,Salut mental ,Applied Psychology ,Aged, 80 and over ,Withholding treatment ,Middle Aged ,CIDI ,3. Good health ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Mental Health ,income ,Mental illness ,Respondent ,WMH surveys ,Anxiety ,Condicions econòmiques ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,inequalities ,Family income ,Enquestes ,Article ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,Economic conditions ,medicine ,Humans ,Healthcare Disparities ,Psychiatry ,mental disorders ,Developing Countries ,Aged ,business.industry ,Developed Countries ,Public health ,Patient Acceptance of Health Care ,Health Surveys ,Mental health ,030227 psychiatry ,Psychotherapy ,Ansietat ,Logistic Models ,Mood ,Socioeconomic Factors ,Multivariate Analysis ,business ,Malalties mentals - Abstract
BACKGROUND:The treatment gap between the number of people with mental disorders and the number treated represents a major public health challenge. We examine this gap by socio-economic status (SES; indicated by family income and respondent education) and service sector in a cross-national analysis of community epidemiological survey data. METHODS: Data come from 16 753 respondents with 12-month DSM-IV disorders from community surveys in 25 countries in the WHO World Mental Health Survey Initiative. DSM-IV anxiety, mood, or substance disorders and treatment of these disorders were assessed with the WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). RESULTS: Only 13.7% of 12-month DSM-IV/CIDI cases in lower-middle-income countries, 22.0% in upper-middle-income countries, and 36.8% in high-income countries received treatment. Highest-SES respondents were somewhat more likely to receive treatment, but this was true mostly for specialty mental health treatment, where the association was positive with education (highest treatment among respondents with the highest education and a weak association of education with treatment among other respondents) but non-monotonic with income (somewhat lower treatment rates among middle-income respondents and equivalent among those with high and low incomes). CONCLUSIONS: The modest, but nonetheless stronger, an association of education than income with treatment raises questions about a financial barriers interpretation of the inverse association of SES with treatment, although future within-country analyses that consider contextual factors might document other important specifications. While beyond the scope of this report, such an expanded analysis could have important implications for designing interventions aimed at increasing mental disorder treatment among socio-economically disadvantaged people. The World Health Organization World Mental Health (WMH) Survey Initiative is supported by the US National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH; R01 MH070884), the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, the Pfizer Foundation, the US Public Health Service (R13-MH066849, R01-MH069864, and R01 DA016558), the Fogarty International Center (FIRCA R03-TW006481), the Pan American Health Organization, Eli Lilly and Company, Ortho-McNeil Pharmaceutical Inc., GlaxoSmithKline, and Bristol-Myers Squibb. We thank the staff of the WMH Data Collection and Data Analysis Coordination Centres for assistance with instrumentation, fieldwork, and consultation on data analysis. The São Paulo Megacity Mental Health Survey is supported by the State of São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) Thematic Project Grant 03/00204-3. The Bulgarian Epidemiological Study of common mental disorders EPIBUL is supported by the Ministry of Health and the National Center for Public Health Protection. The Chinese World Mental Health Survey Initiative is supported by the Pfizer Foundation. The Shenzhen Mental Health Survey is supported by the Shenzhen Bureau of Health and the Shenzhen Bureau of Science, Technology, and Information. The Colombian National Study of Mental Health (NSMH) is supported by the Ministry of Social Protection. The Mental Health Study Medellín – Colombia was carried out and supported jointly by the Center for Excellence on Research in Mental Health (CES University) and the Secretary of Health of Medellín. The ESEMeD project is funded by the European Commission (Contracts QLG5-1999-01042; SANCO 2004123, and EAHC 20081308), (the Piedmont Region (Italy)), Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain (FIS 00/0028), Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología, Spain (SAF 2000-158-CE), Departament de Salut, Generalitat de Catalunya, Spain, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBER CB06/02/0046, RETICS RD06/0011 REM-TAP), and other local agencies and by an unrestricted educational grant from GlaxoSmithKline. Implementation of the Iraq Mental Health Survey (IMHS) and data entry was carried out by the staff of the Iraqi MOH and MOP with direct support from the Iraqi IMHS team with funding from both the Japanese and European Funds through United Nations Development Group Iraq Trust Fund (UNDG ITF). The Israel National Health Survey is funded by the Ministry of Health with support from the Israel National Institute for Health Policy and Health Services Research and the National Insurance Institute of Israel. The World Mental Health Japan (WMHJ) Survey is supported by the Grant for Research on Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases and Mental Health (H13-SHOGAI-023, H14-TOKUBETSU-026, H16-KOKORO-013, H25-SEISHIN-IPPAN-006) from the Japan Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. The Lebanese Evaluation of the Burden of Ailments and Needs Of the Nation (L.E.B.A.N.O.N.) is supported by the Lebanese Ministry of Public Health, the WHO (Lebanon), National Institute of Health / Fogarty International Center (R03 TW006481-01), anonymous private donations to IDRAAC, Lebanon, and unrestricted grants from, Algorithm, AstraZeneca, Benta, Bella Pharma, Eli Lilly, Glaxo Smith Kline, Lundbeck, Novartis, OmniPharma, Pfizer, Phenicia, Servier, UPO. The Mexican National Comorbidity Survey (MNCS) is supported by The National Institute of Psychiatry Ramon de la Fuente (INPRFMDIES 4280) and by the National Council on Science and Technology (CONACyT-G30544- H), with supplemental support from the PanAmerican Health Organization (PAHO). Te Rau Hinengaro: The New Zealand Mental Health Survey (NZMHS) is supported by the New Zealand Ministry of Health, Alcohol Advisory Council, and the Health Research Council. The Nigerian Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing (NSMHW) is supported by the WHO (Geneva), the WHO (Nigeria), and the Federal Ministry of Health, Abuja, Nigeria. The Northern Ireland Study of Mental Health was funded by the Health & Social Care Research & Development Division of the Public Health Agency. The Peruvian World Mental Health Study was funded by the National Institute of Health of the Ministry of Health of Peru. The Polish project Epidemiology of Mental Health and Access to Care – EZOP Project (PL 0256) was supported by Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway through funding from the EEA Financial Mechanism and the Norwegian Financial Mechanism. EZOP project was co-financed by the Polish Ministry of Health. The Portuguese Mental Health Study was carried out by the Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences, NOVA University of Lisbon, with the collaboration of the Portuguese Catholic University, and was funded by Champalimaud Foundation, Gulbenkian Foundation, Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) and Ministry of Health. The Romania WMH study projects ‘Policies in Mental Health Area’ and ‘National Study regarding Mental Health and Services Use’ were carried out by National School of Public Health & Health Services Management (former National Institute for Research & Development in Health), with technical support of Metro Media Transilvania, the National Institute of Statistics-National Centre for Training in Statistics, SC. Cheyenne Services SRL, Statistics Netherlands and were funded by Ministry of Public Health (former Ministry of Health) with the supplemental support of Eli Lilly Romania SRL. The South Africa Stress and Health Study (SASH) is supported by the US National Institute of Mental Health (R01-MH059575) and National Institute of Drug Abuse with supplemental funding from the South African Department of Health and the University of Michigan. The Psychiatric Enquiry to General Population in Southeast Spain – Murcia (PEGASUSMurcia) Project has been financed by the Regional Health Authorities of Murcia (Servicio Murciano de Salud and Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social) and Fundación para la Formación e Investigación Sanitarias (FFIS) of Murcia. The Ukraine Comorbid Mental Disorders during Periods of Social Disruption (CMDPSD) study is funded by the US National Institute of Mental Health (RO1-MH61905). The US National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R) is supported by the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH; U01-MH60220) with supplemental support from the National Institute of Drug Abuse (NIDA), the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF; Grant 044708), and the John W. Alden Trust. Dr Evans-Lacko currently holds a Starting Grant from the European Research Council (337673). Dr Thornicroft is supported by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care South London at King’s College London Foundation Trust. GT acknowledges financial support from the Department of Health via the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre and Dementia Unit awarded to South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust in partnership with King’s College London and King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust. The views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR or the Department of Health. GT is supported by the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013) Emerald project. A complete list of all within-country and cross-national WMH publications can be found at http://www.hcp.med.harvard.edu/wmh/.
- Published
- 2018
46. Cross-national epidemiology of DSM-IV major depressive episode
- Author
-
Matschinger Herbert, Levinson Daphna, Lépine Jean-Pierre, Kaur Jagdish, Kostyuchenko Stanislav, Karam Aimee N, Iwata Noboru, Hu Chiyi, Demyttenaere Koen, de Graaf Ron, de Girolamo Giovanni, Alonso Jordi, Sampson Nancy A, Hwang Irving, Bromet Evelyn, Andrade Laura, Mora Maria, Browne Mark, Posada-Villa Jose, Viana Maria, Williams David R, and Kessler Ronald C
- Subjects
Medicine - Abstract
Abstract Background Major depression is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide, yet epidemiologic data are not available for many countries, particularly low- to middle-income countries. In this paper, we present data on the prevalence, impairment and demographic correlates of depression from 18 high and low- to middle-income countries in the World Mental Health Survey Initiative. Methods Major depressive episodes (MDE) as defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition (DMS-IV) were evaluated in face-to-face interviews using the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). Data from 18 countries were analyzed in this report (n = 89,037). All countries surveyed representative, population-based samples of adults. Results The average lifetime and 12-month prevalence estimates of DSM-IV MDE were 14.6% and 5.5% in the ten high-income and 11.1% and 5.9% in the eight low- to middle-income countries. The average age of onset ascertained retrospectively was 25.7 in the high-income and 24.0 in low- to middle-income countries. Functional impairment was associated with recency of MDE. The female: male ratio was about 2:1. In high-income countries, younger age was associated with higher 12-month prevalence; by contrast, in several low- to middle-income countries, older age was associated with greater likelihood of MDE. The strongest demographic correlate in high-income countries was being separated from a partner, and in low- to middle-income countries, was being divorced or widowed. Conclusions MDE is a significant public-health concern across all regions of the world and is strongly linked to social conditions. Future research is needed to investigate the combination of demographic risk factors that are most strongly associated with MDE in the specific countries included in the WMH.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Trauma and psychotic experiences:transnational data from the World Mental Health Survey
- Author
-
McGrath, John J., Saha, Sukanta, Lim, Carmen C.W., Aguilar-Gaxiola, Sergio, Alonso, Jordi, Andrade, Laura H., Bromet, Evelyn J., Bruffaerts, Ronny, De Almeida, José M.Caldas, Cardoso, Graça, De Girolamo, Giovanni, Fayyad, John, Florescu, Silvia, Gureje, Oye, Haro, Josep M., Kawakami, Norito, Koenen, Karestan C., Kovess-Masfety, Viviane, Lee, Sing, Lepine, Jean Pierre, McLaughlin, Katie A., Medina-Mora, Maria E., Navarro-Mateu, Fernando, Ojagbemi, Akin, Posada-Villa, Jose, Sampson, Nancy, Scott, Kate M., Tachimori, Hisateru, Ten Have, Margreet, Kendler, Kenneth S., Kessler, Ronald C., Al-Hamzawi, Ali, Al-Kalsy, Mohammed Sallh, Benjet, Corina, Borges, Guilherme, Bunting, Brendan, Chatterji, Somnath, Cia, Alfredo H., Degenhardt, Louisa, Demyttenaere, Koen, He, Yanling, Hinkov, Hristo, Hu, Chi Yi, Huang, Yueqin, De Jonge, Peter, Karam, Aimee Nasser, Karam, Elie G., Kiejna, Andrzej, Levinson, Daphna, Williams, David R., Developmental Psychology, and Scientific Visualization and Computer Graphics
- Subjects
DISORDER ,medicine.medical_specialty ,SYMPTOMS ,SAMPLE ,IMPACT ,CIDI ,Comorbidity ,Psychological Trauma ,Global Health ,Article ,Odds ,Life Change Events ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Prevalence ,Global health ,medicine ,Humans ,EXPOSURE ,Association (psychology) ,Psychiatry ,Salut mental ,VERSION ,METAANALYSIS ,Mental Disorders ,ASSOCIATION ,medicine.disease ,Health Surveys ,Mental health ,030227 psychiatry ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Increased risk ,Psychotic Disorders ,Malalties mentals ,Psychology ,CHILDHOOD ADVERSITIES ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Clinical psychology ,Psychological trauma - Abstract
BackgroundTraumatic events are associated with increased risk of psychotic experiences, but it is unclear whether this association is explained by mental disorders prior to psychotic experience onset.AimsTo investigate the associations between traumatic events and subsequent psychotic experience onset after adjusting for post-traumatic stress disorder and other mental disorders.MethodWe assessed 29 traumatic event types and psychotic experiences from the World Mental Health surveys and examined the associations of traumatic events with subsequent psychotic experience onset with and without adjustments for mental disorders.ResultsRespondents with any traumatic events had three times the odds of other respondents of subsequently developing psychotic experiences (OR=3.1, 95% CI 2.7–3.7), with variability in strength of association across traumatic event types. These associations persisted after adjustment for mental disorders.ConclusionsExposure to traumatic events predicts subsequent onset of psychotic experiences even after adjusting for comorbid mental disorders.
- Published
- 2017
48. an analysis of data from the World Mental Health Surveys
- Author
-
Degenhardt, Louisa, Glantz, Meyer D., Evans-Lacko, Sara, Sadikova, Ekaterina, Sampson, Nancy, Thornicroft, Graham, Aguilar-Gaxiola, Sergio, Al-Hamzawi, Ali, Alonso, Jordi, Helena Andrade, Laura, Bruffaerts, Ronny, Bunting, Brendan, Bromet, Evelyn J., de Girolamo, Giovanni, Florescu, Silvia, Gureje, Oye, Maria Haro, Josep, Huang, Yueqin, Karam, Aimee Nasser, Karam, Elie G., Kiejna, Andrzej, Lee, Sing, Lepine, Jean Pierre, Levinson, Daphna, Elena Medina-Mora, Maria, Nakamura, Yosikazu, Navarro-Mateu, Fernando, Pennell, Beth Ellen, Posada-Villa, José, Scott, Kate M., Stein, Dan J., ten Have, Margreet, Torres, Yolanda, Zarkov, Zahari, Chatterji, Somnath, Kessler, Ronald C., Adamowski, Tomasz, Al-Kaisy, Mohammad, Altwaijri, Yasmin, Andrade, Laura Helena, Atwoli, Lukoye, Auerbach, Randy P., Axinn, William G., Benjet, Corina, Borges, Guilherme, Caldas-de-Almeida, José M, Cardoso, Graça, on behalf of the World Health Organization's World Mental Health Surveys collaborators, Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas (CEDOC), and NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (NMS|FCM)
- Subjects
Psychiatry and Mental health ,treatment coverage ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,alcohol ,Phychiatric Mental Health ,United Nations Sustainable Development Goals ,World Health Organization ,drugs ,Substance use disorders - Abstract
Funding: The authors are grateful to M. Kumvaj for her assistance with the systematic literature search. They also thank the staff of the WMHS Data Collection and Data Analysis Coordination Centres for assistance with instrumentation, fieldwork and consultation on data analysis. The WHO’s WMHS are supported by the US National Institute of Mental Health (R01 MH070884), the MacArthur Foundation, the Pfizer Foundation, the US Public Health Service (R13-MH066849, R01-MH069864 and R01 DA016558), the Fogarty International Center (R03-TW006481), the Pan American Health Organization, Eli Lilly and Company, Ortho-McNeil Pharmaceutical Inc., GlaxoSmithKline, Bristol-Myers Squibb, and Shire. The views expressed in this report are those of the authors and should not be construed to represent the views or policies of the WHO, other sponsoring organizations, agencies, or governments. This work was supported by an Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) project grant (no. 1081984). L. Degenhardt is supported by an NHMRC Principal Research Fellowship (no. 1041472). Substance use is a major cause of disability globally. This has been recognized in the recent United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), in which treatment coverage for substance use disorders is identified as one of the indicators. There have been no estimates of this treatment coverage cross-nationally, making it difficult to know what is the baseline for that SDG target. Here we report data from the World Health Organization (WHO)'s World Mental Health Surveys (WMHS), based on representative community household surveys in 26 countries. We assessed the 12-month prevalence of substance use disorders (alcohol or drug abuse/dependence); the proportion of people with these disorders who were aware that they needed treatment and who wished to receive care; the proportion of those seeking care who received it; and the proportion of such treatment that met minimal standards for treatment quality (“minimally adequate treatment”). Among the 70,880 participants, 2.6% met 12-month criteria for substance use disorders; the prevalence was higher in upper-middle income (3.3%) than in high-income (2.6%) and low/lower-middle income (2.0%) countries. Overall, 39.1% of those with 12-month substance use disorders recognized a treatment need; this recognition was more common in high-income (43.1%) than in upper-middle (35.6%) and low/lower-middle income (31.5%) countries. Among those who recognized treatment need, 61.3% made at least one visit to a service provider, and 29.5% of the latter received minimally adequate treatment exposure (35.3% in high, 20.3% in upper-middle, and 8.6% in low/lower-middle income countries). Overall, only 7.1% of those with past-year substance use disorders received minimally adequate treatment: 10.3% in high income, 4.3% in upper-middle income and 1.0% in low/lower-middle income countries. These data suggest that only a small minority of people with substance use disorders receive even minimally adequate treatment. At least three barriers are involved: awareness/perceived treatment need, accessing treatment once a need is recognized, and compliance (on the part of both provider and client) to obtain adequate treatment. Various factors are likely to be involved in each of these three barriers, all of which need to be addressed to improve treatment coverage of substance use disorders. These data provide a baseline for the global monitoring of progress of treatment coverage for these disorders as an indicator within the SDGs. publishersversion published
- Published
- 2017
49. Estimating treatment coverage for people with substance use disorders: an analysis of data from the World Mental Health Surveys
- Author
-
Degenhardt, Louisa, Glantz, Meyer, Evans-Lacko, Sara, Sadikova, Ekaterina, Sampson, Nancy, Thornicroft, Graham, Aguilar-Gaxiola, Sergio, Al-Hamzawi, Ali, Alonso, Jordi, Helena Andrade, Laura, Bruffaerts, Ronny, Bunting, Brendan, Bromet, Evelyn J., Caldas de Almeida, José Miguel, de Girolamo, Giovanni, Florescu, Silvia, Gureje, Oye, Maria Haro, Josep, Huang, Yueqin, Karam, Aimee, Karam, Elie G., Kiejna, Andrzej, Lee, Sing, Lepine, Jean Pierre, Levinson, Daphna, Elena Medina-Mora, Maria, Nakamura, Yosikazu, Navarro-Mateu, Fernando, Pennell, Beth Ellen, Posada-Villa, José, Scott, Kate, Stein, Dan J., ten Have, Margreet, Torres, Yolanda, Zarkov, Zahari, Chatterji, Somnath, Kessler, Ronald C., Adamowski, Tomasz, Al-Kaisy, Mohammad, Altwaijri, Yasmin, Atwoli, Lukoye, Auerbach, Randy P., Axinn, William G., Benjet, Corina, Borges, Guilherme, Cardoso, Graça, Chardoul, Stephanie, de Jonge, Peter, Ormel, Johan, Williams, David R., Developmental Psychology, and Scientific Visualization and Computer Graphics
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,World Health Organization ,World health ,drugs ,INJECTING DRUG-USERS ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Treatment quality ,DEPENDENCE ,Environmental health ,medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Psychiatry ,VERSION ,Substance use disorders ,BARRIERS ,business.industry ,alcohol ,Middle income countries ,ALCOHOL-USE DISORDERS ,Research Reports ,CARE ,SERVICES ,Service provider ,medicine.disease ,Mental health ,CANNABIS USE ,030227 psychiatry ,Substance abuse ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,treatment coverage ,ONSET ,Pshychiatric Mental Health ,Substance use ,business ,United Nations Sustainable Development Goals ,Treatment need - Abstract
Substance use is a major cause of disability globally. This has been recognized in the recent United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), in which treatment coverage for substance use disorders is identified as one of the indicators. There have been no estimates of this treatment coverage cross-nationally, making it difficult to know what is the baseline for that SDG target. Here we report data from the World Health Organization (WHO)'s World Mental Health Surveys (WMHS), based on representative community household surveys in 26 countries. We assessed the 12-month prevalence of substance use disorders (alcohol or drug abuse/dependence); the proportion of people with these disorders who were aware that they needed treatment and who wished to receive care; the proportion of those seeking care who received it; and the proportion of such treatment that met minimal standards for treatment quality ("minimally adequate treatment"). Among the 70,880 participants, 2.6% met 12-month criteria for substance use disorders; the prevalence was higher in upper-middle income (3.3%) than in high-income (2.6%) and low/lower-middle income (2.0%) countries. Overall, 39.1% of those with 12-month substance use disorders recognized a treatment need; this recognition was more common in high-income (43.1%) than in upper-middle (35.6%) and low/lower-middle income (31.5%) countries. Among those who recognized treatment need, 61.3% made at least one visit to a service provider, and 29.5% of the latter received minimally adequate treatment exposure (35.3% in high, 20.3% in upper-middle, and 8.6% in low/lower-middle income countries). Overall, only 7.1% of those with past-year substance use disorders received minimally adequate treatment: 10.3% in high income, 4.3% in upper-middle income and 1.0% in low/lower-middle income countries. These data suggest that only a small minority of people with substance use disorders receive even minimally adequate treatment. At least three barriers are involved: awareness/perceived treatment need, accessing treatment once a need is recognized, and compliance (on the part of both provider and client) to obtain adequate treatment. Various factors are likely to be involved in each of these three barriers, all of which need to be addressed to improve treatment coverage of substance use disorders. These data provide a baseline for the global monitoring of progress of treatment coverage for these disorders as an indicator within the SDGs.
- Published
- 2017
50. The cross-national epidemiology of social anxiety disorder
- Author
-
Stein, Dan J., Lim, Carmen C.W., Roest, Annelieke M., de Jonge, Peter, Aguilar-Gaxiola, Sergio, Al-Hamzawi, Ali, Alonso, Jordi, Benjet, Corina, Bromet, Evelyn J., Bruffaerts, Ronny, de Girolamo, Giovanni, Florescu, Silvia, Gureje, Oye, Haro, Josep Maria, Harris, Meredith G., He, Yanling, Hinkov, Hristo, Horiguchi, Itsuko, Hu, Chiyi, Karam, Aimee, Karam, Elie G., Lee, Sing, Lepine, Jean Pierre, Navarro-Mateu, Fernando, Pennell, Beth Ellen, Piazza, Marina, Posada-Villa, Jose, ten Have, Margreet, Torres, Yolanda, Viana, Maria Carmen, Wojtyniak, Bogdan, Xavier, Miguel, Kessler, Ronald C., Scott, Kate M., Al-Kaisy, Mohammed Salih, Andrade, Laura Helena, Borges, Guilherme, Bunting, Brendan, Caldas-de-Almeida, José M, Cardoso, Graca, Cia, Alfredo H., Chatterji, Somnath, Degenhardt, Louisa, Demyttenaere, Koen, Fayyad, John, Hu, Chi yi, Huang, Yueqin, Kawakami, Norito, Kiejna, Andrzej, Kovess-Masfety, Viviane, Levinson, Daphna, McGrath, John, Medina-Mora, Maria Elena, Moskalewicz, Jacek, Slade, Tim, Stagnaro, Juan Carlos, Taib, Nezar, Whiteford, Harvey, Williams, David R., NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (NMS|FCM), and Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas (CEDOC)
- Subjects
Medicine(all) ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,Cross-national epidemiology ,mental disorders ,Social phobia ,Social anxiety disorder ,World Mental Health Survey Initiative - Abstract
Background: There is evidence that social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a prevalent and disabling disorder. However, most of the available data on the epidemiology of this condition originate from high income countries in the West. The World Mental Health (WMH) Survey Initiative provides an opportunity to investigate the prevalence, course, impairment, socio-demographic correlates, comorbidity, and treatment of this condition across a range of high, middle, and low income countries in different geographic regions of the world, and to address the question of whether differences in SAD merely reflect differences in threshold for diagnosis. Methods: Data from 28 community surveys in the WMH Survey Initiative, with 142,405 respondents, were analyzed. We assessed the 30-day, 12-month, and lifetime prevalence of SAD, age of onset, and severity of role impairment associated with SAD, across countries. In addition, we investigated socio-demographic correlates of SAD, comorbidity of SAD with other mental disorders, and treatment of SAD in the combined sample. Cross-tabulations were used to calculate prevalence, impairment, comorbidity, and treatment. Survival analysis was used to estimate age of onset, and logistic regression and survival analyses were used to examine socio-demographic correlates. Results: SAD 30-day, 12-month, and lifetime prevalence estimates are 1.3, 2.4, and 4.0% across all countries. SAD prevalence rates are lowest in low/lower-middle income countries and in the African and Eastern Mediterranean regions, and highest in high income countries and in the Americas and the Western Pacific regions. Age of onset is early across the globe, and persistence is highest in upper-middle income countries, Africa, and the Eastern Mediterranean. There are some differences in domains of severe role impairment by country income level and geographic region, but there are no significant differences across different income level and geographic region in the proportion of respondents with any severe role impairment. Also, across countries SAD is associated with specific socio-demographic features (younger age, female gender, unmarried status, lower education, and lower income) and with similar patterns of comorbidity. Treatment rates for those with any impairment are lowest in low/lower-middle income countries and highest in high income countries. Conclusions: While differences in SAD prevalence across countries are apparent, we found a number of consistent patterns across the globe, including early age of onset, persistence, impairment in multiple domains, as well as characteristic socio-demographic correlates and associated psychiatric comorbidities. In addition, while there are some differences in the patterns of impairment associated with SAD across the globe, key similarities suggest that the threshold for diagnosis is similar regardless of country income levels or geographic location. Taken together, these cross-national data emphasize the international clinical and public health significance of SAD. publishersversion published
- Published
- 2017
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.