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5. Evaluating the utilisation of Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) technologies and practices among smallholder farmers in The Lawra, Jirapa and Nandom districts of Ghana

Author

K.O. Sam, George Owusu Essegbey, D. K. Nutsukpo, Robert B. Zougmoré, Karbo N, and Vincent Ansah Botchway

Subjects
Food security, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, business.industry, 0208 environmental biotechnology, Capacity building, 02 engineering and technology, Livelihood, 01 natural sciences, Agricultural economics, 020801 environmental engineering, Agriculture, Profit margin, Market price, Revenue, Livestock, business, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

Climate change is posing threat to agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa including Ghana. Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) is proposed to solve climate change impacts on agriculture. Smallholder farmers are adopting various strategies to be resilient to climate change effects. Empirical research is required to evaluate CSA utilisation in Ghana. Lawra, Jirapa and Nandom districts in the climate-risk areas of Guinea Savannah agro-ecological zone were chosen and Participatory Rapid Appraisal (PRA) tools were used. Farm budget analysis and market price methods were employed; key financial decision-making tools were net returns, profit margins and benefit-cost ratio. Soft systems content analysis, frequencies, means, ranking and data aggregation were employed to generate results. CSA use in the study districts was smallholder driven and male dominated. CSA was mainly used for staples including cereals and legumes and small ruminants under livestock. Crop-livestock integration and crop rotation were the common CSA practices with the highest costs (GH¢6,370.00) and highest revenues (GH¢9,460.00) respectively. Utilisation of CSA in the districts is beneficial and investments are profitable and financially viable. All actors and stakeholders must join forces to promote CSA in the districts. Rigorous promotional campaigns, capacity building and funding at all levels are crucial for CSA adoption in Ghana.

Published
2020
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6. The tomato industry in Northern Ghana: production constraints and strategies to improve competitiveness

Author

Clottey, V.A., Karbo, N., and Gyasi, K.O.

Subjects
Farm management -- Models, Community supported agriculture -- Management, Company business management, Agricultural industry, Food/cooking/nutrition, Health
Abstract

Market-oriented agricultural development is a way to empower smallholder farmers in developing countries who are increasingly getting involved in commodity value chains. The position of smallholder farmers in commodity value chains can be improved by enhancing their distinctive competencies. Entrepreneurs in the northern Ghana tomato industry are taking advantage of recent government policies to promote agribusiness. The competitiveness of the industry is assessed in this paper and possible pathways to empower smallholder farmers to grow from supply chain actors into value chain integrators and possibly co-owners of the tomato value chain is discussed. A three-day Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) was conducted at Vea among the 2856 inhabitants living in 625 houses in 2004. The farming systems and market opportunities of tomato growing communities situated on an irrigation site were studied. The staff of the Irrigation Company of Upper Region (ICOUR) Limited who manages the irrigation site was also engaged in the focus group discussions during the PRA. Tomato production, despite being capital intensive was the main enterprise of the communities situated on the Vea irrigable lands. This typifies the other irrigation sites in northern Ghana. The root causes of the reduced levels of capital investment in tomato production were found to be the non-observance of right production techniques and absence of processing facilities in the proximity of the irrigation project. The northern Ghana tomato industry now has the potential to become competitive, and develop into a network of value chains after the former Pwalugu Tomato Factory, closed in 1990 was re-opened in 2007 under new management and a new name--Northern Star Tomato Company. This anticipated competitiveness of the revamped tomato industry in the northern part of the country was analyzed based on the Porter's Diamond and the typologies of value chains were proposed. Building competencies of farmers or their organizations to enable them to play greater roles in chain management is recommended. It is also of the view that development workers should get farmers engaged in a few more chain activities that can enhance their position in the tomato chain to improve their livelihood. The content of the Farmer Field School concept for technology transfer could be improved to enhance the business skills of farmers and entire rural communities. This may diversify their activities into related enterprises upstream and downstream of the predominant primary production. Key words: Agribusiness, Ghana, tomato, value chain, INTRODUCTION The Government of Ghana has identified production inefficiencies and inaccessibility to markets as the major constraints to Ghana's agribusiness sector [1]. Increasing efficiency and creating new employment through micro-enterprises [...]

Published
2009

10. A comparison of six treatments for controlling mortality of keets in the wet season of the Northern Region of Ghana

Author

Avornyo, F.K., Munkaila, L., Allegye-Cudjoe, E., Karbo, N., and Atosona, B.S.

Abstract

A study was conducted to assess ways of controlling guinea keet mortality in the wet season in the Northern Region of Ghana. Seven hundred and twenty day-old local guinea keets were randomly assigned to six treatments namely, antibiotics & standard diet (AS), dewormer and standard diet (DS), antibiotics, dewormer and standard diet (ADS), antibiotics and by-product diet (ABp), dewormer and by-product diet (DBp) and antibiotics, dewormer and by-product diet (ADBp), and monitored for up to 8 weeks. Statistical Analytical System 9.3 was used to analyse the data as a general linear model. Mean keet mortality was 12.6 per cent. ABp recorded the lowest mortalities (6.6%) and ADBp recorded the highest mortalities (15.7%). However, the differences were not statistically significant. Average feed intake per keet for the 8 weeks was 1.91 kg, and the corresponding mean growth rate was 7.4 g day-1. An average profit of 11 US cents was realised on each keet sold with treatment AS recording the highest profit of 21 US cents per keet sold, and ADS recording the lowest profit of -0.08 US cents per keet sold. Treatments AS and ABp were the most preferred for brooding in the wet season because they gave the highest benefits.

Published
2016

12. Enhancing food security in Northern Ghana through smallholder small ruminant production and marketing

Author

van der Zijpp, Akke, Klerkx, Laurens, Sakyi-Dawson, O., Karbo, N., Amankwah, K., van der Zijpp, Akke, Klerkx, Laurens, Sakyi-Dawson, O., Karbo, N., and Amankwah, K.

Abstract

Key words Livestock markets, technical and institutional constraints, innovation systems, veterinary services; smallholder farmers; structural adjustment, scaling out, co-learning, supplementary feeding, herd growth, food security, positive deviants, commercialization, Ghana. Smallholder livestock production systems in sub-Saharan Africa and other developing countries are very important because a large share of the rural poor keep livestock, livestock can contribute to improved soil fertility and household food security, and there is rapid growth in demand and market for livestock products. As elsewhere, almost 80% of smallholder farmers in Northern Ghana keep livestock, especially small ruminants (i.e. sheep and goats). The high demand for livestock products at the national level remains unexploited by the farmers. This thesis sought to examine 1) the salient technical and institutional constraints that hinder innovation with respect to improved production and market participation of smallholder small ruminant farmers in Lawra and Nadowli districts in Northern Ghana, and 2) how previous interventions and farmers themselves sought to address the constraints. The thesis proceeded from a broad diagnosis of the technical and institutional constraints to market participation. Then, detailed empirical studies were conducted on the emergent issues. Three main constraints were prioritized by farmers i.e. water shortage during dry season, high mortality and theft of livestock. The corresponding institutional limitations include weak structure of veterinary services delivery, and weak traditional and formal justice delivery structures. As a result of the constraints, a majority of farmers keep livestock to support crop production and consequently invest minimally in animal husbandry. Few farmers changed from minimal to moderate investment as a result of accumulated experiences and recorded significant herd growth, but then, did not enlarge the volume of their market share. T

Published
2013

14. Effective management of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) in a crop/livestock integrated farming system in northern Ghana

Author

Karbo, N, Bruce, B, Nyamekye, AL, and Fianu, FK

Abstract

Efficient management of pigeon pea, Cajanus cajan var. Katinga, as a resource in crop/livestock integration in northern Ghana was studied. Pigeon pea plots with row lengths averaging 11 m and a planting geometry of 80 cm W 50 cm, were either pruned at 60 or 100 cm above ground level or not pruned. Pruning was done at 11 or 16 weeks after planting. Early pruning at a height of 60 cm above ground gave significantly higher (P

Published
1998

15. Effective management of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) in a crop/livestock integrated farming system in northern Ghana

Author

AL Nyamekye, Karbo N, B Bruce, and FK Fianu

Subjects
Crop, Cajanus, biology, Agronomy, business.industry, Integrated farming, Sowing, Effective management, Livestock, biology.organism_classification, business, Crop livestock, Pruning
Abstract

Efficient management of pigeon pea, Cajanus cajan var. Katinga, as a resource in crop/livestock integration in northern Ghana was studied. Pigeon pea plots with row lengths averaging 11 m and a planting geometry of 80 cm W 50 cm, were either pruned at 60 or 100 cm above ground level or not pruned. Pruning was done at 11 or 16 weeks after planting. Early pruning at a height of 60 cm above ground gave significantly higher (P Ghana Jnl.agric. Sci Vol.31(2), 1998: 161-168

Published
1998
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19. role of livestock in sustaining soil fertility in northern Ghana

Author

Karbo, N., Otchere, E.O., Karbo, N., and Otchere, E.O.

Abstract

In de gemengde bedrijfssystemen van kleine boeren in noord-Ghana kan dierlijke mest een belangrijke rol spelen bij het in stand houden van de bodemvruchtbaarheid. De belemmeringen voor het gebruik van dierlijke mest en mogelijke oplossingen worden besproken

Published
1999

20. Looking at pigs and poultry through RAAKS windows

Author

Karbo, N., Bruce, J., Karbo, N., and Bruce, J.

Abstract

Experiments with the RAAKS methodology (Rapid Appraisal of Agricultural Knowledge Systems) applied to extensionists and development workers in northern Ghana to identify the constraints and opportunities for pig and poultry production. Actors and knowledge networks were analysed and the types and strength of linkages between actors in the pig and poultry industry (farmers, government, traders/butchers, input suppliers, banks, researchers) were assessed

Published
1997

24. CROP RESIDUES FOR MULCH AND FEED IN CROP–LIVESTOCK SYSTEMS: IMPACT ON MAIZE GRAIN YIELD AND SOIL PROPERTIES IN THE WEST AFRICAN HUMID FOREST AND SAVANNA ZONES

Author

Larbi, A., Smith, J. W., Adekunle, I. O., Agyare, W. A., Gbaraneh, L. D., Tanko, R. J., Akinlade, J., Omokaye, A. T., Karbo, N., and Aboh, A.

Abstract

A study was conducted in the humid-forest, forest-savanna, and Guinea savanna zones of West Africa from 1993 to 1999 to examine the effect of managing crop residues from cereal–legume cropping systems for mulch and fodder for sheep. Increasing the proportion of total crop residues produced from a unit area of land and used as mulch increased maize grain yield, soil organic carbon, nitrogen and available phosphorus. The extra increases obtained when more than half the crop residues were applied as mulch were relatively small, however, suggesting that 25–50% of the crop residues could be removed as feed without any detrimental effect. When any crop residues rejected by sheep were mixed with livestock urine and faeces and returned to the respective fields from where the crop residues had been removed, subsequent grain yield and soil organic carbon, nitrogen, and available phosphorus increased. The study demonstrated the possibility of managing crop residues for increased productivity in smallholder mixed crop–livestock systems.

Published
2002
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