Giriş ve amaçAtriyal fibrilasyon klinik uygulamalarda en sık karşılaşılan aritmi türüdür. Atriyal fibrilasyonun en önemli mortal ve morbid komplikasyonlarından birisi iskemik inmedir. Bu komplikasyonun bazı çalışmalarda tüm AF tiplerinde meydana gelme riskinin benzer olduğu belirtilmiştir. Antikoagülasyon tüm AF tiplerinde tromboembolik komplikasyonları önlemede kabul edilmiş bir tedavi modalitesidir. Çalışmamızda hastanemiz kardiyoloji polikliniğine başvuran veya kardiyoloji klniğinde yatarak takip edilen AF hastalarını 2010 Atriyal Fibrilasyon Tedavi Kılavuzu önerilerine göre; Atriyal Fibrilasyon tipine göre sınıflandırmış, AF tipine göre sınıflandırılmış olan hasta gruplarının Ejeksiyon Fraksiyonu, Sol Atriyum çapı, hematolojik ve biokimyasal parametreleri, kullandıkları ilaçları, eşlik eden hastalıkları karşilaştırılmış, hastalar iskemik inme gelişim riski CHADS2 ve CHA2DS2-VASc Skoruna göre, hastaların kanama riski HASBLED skoruna göre karşılaştırılmıştır.Materyal-metodÇalışmamızda Ocak 2012- Ekim 2013 tarihleri arasında Dicle Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi Kardiyoloji polikliniğine başvuran ve/veya kliniğinde yatan AF tanılı 200 hasta retrospektif olarak incelendi. Çalışmada Valvüler AF' li olgular dışlanma kriteri olarak kabul edildi.Hasta dosya kayıtları ve hastane sistemi üzerinden hastaların adı, soyadı, protokol numarası, telefon numarası, adres bilgileri, yaş, cinsiyet bilgileri, boy, kilo, AF türleri, eşlik eden hastalıklar (DM, HT, KAH, KY, İKMP, DKMP, HKMP, Tirotoksikoz, İskemik/Hemorajik İnme, GİA, Sistemik Emboli) , kullandıkları ilaçlar, OAK ve/veya antiagregan tedavi kullanımları, OAK tedavi almama nedenleri, başvuruda ortalama INR değerleri, rutin biyokimyasal ve hematolojik parametreler ile ekokardiyografi bilgilerine ulaşıldı. Hastalar telefon numaralarından aranarak eksik bilgilerine ulaşıldı. Hastaların iskemik inme riskinin hesaplanması için CHA2DS2-VASc, CHADS2 skorları belirlendi. Hastaların kanama riskinin belirlenmesi için HASBLED skoru hesaplandı. Daha sonra hastaların tüm verileri Paroksismal AF (PAF) ve Persistant-Permanent AF (PPAF) grupları arasında istatistiksel olarak karşılaştırıldı.BulgularÇalışmaya alınan 200 hastanın 144' ü (% 72) persistent/permanent AF (PPAF), 56' sı (% 28) paroksismal AF (PAF)' idi. Hastaların 116' sı(%58) kadın, 84' ü (%42) erkekti. PAF' lı olgularla PPAF' li olgular arasında cinsiyet açısından anlamlı farklılık bulunamadı (p>0,05). Tüm hastaların yaşları ortalaması 68,72±11,67 yıl. PAF' lı olguların ortalama yaşı 63,94±12,39 yıl PPAF' li olguların ortalama yaşı 70,57±10,86 yıl her iki grup arasında anlamlı fark mevcuttu(p75 yıl, İskemik KMP oranları anlamlı olarak PPAF' li grupta daha yüksek düzeyde izlendi (p2) CHA2DS2VASc score, INR value on admission, haematological and biochemical test results, and echocardiographic measures were recorded and analyzed for all patients with each AF type. Future IS risk of patients with nonvalvular AF were assessed with CHA2DS2VASc scores, while bleeding risk was assessed with HASBLED score. All of these variables were compared between paroxysmal AF (PAF) and persistent-permanent AF (PPAF) patient groups. ResultsThe study population consist of 200 patients, 116 women (58%), was categorized as 144 patients with PPAF (72%) and 56 patients with PAF (28%).Both groups were similar in terms of gender. Mean age of the study population was 68.7 ± 11.7 years, while patients in PAF group were younger (63.9 ± 12.4) than PPAF group (70.6 ± 10.9 years) (p < 0.001).Mean CHADS2VA2Sc score of the study population was 3.52 ± 1.72; while that was higher in the PPAF group (3.85 ± 1.63) than that of PAF group (2.67±1.68) (p < 0.001). However when the patients were classified into low-medium-high risk profile for future stroke, the groups were similar with respect to low-or-medium class (p = 0.577), but there was a significant difference between groups when compared according to low-or-high risk class (p < 0.001), and medium-or-high class (p < 0.001). Patients with stroke/TIA, congestive HF, age > 75 years, and ICMP were significantly more frequent in the PPAF group (p < 0.05 for each).Mean HASBLED score of the study population was 1.95 ± 1.17, while PPAF group had significantly higher mean HASBLED score than PAF group (2.20±1.14 vs. 1.32±1.02 respectively; p < 0.001).OAC (warfarin) usage and achievement and maintenance of effective INR values were more frequent in the PPAF group than PAF group (p < 0.05 for each). The most frequent reason for not to use OAC (warfarin) in the whole study population was `not advised by the physician` with a ratio of 62 %. Meanwhile, the patients in the PPAF group were receiving medication with ACE inhibitor/ARB, diuretic, digoxin and clopidogrel more frequently than that of patients in the PAF group (p < 0.05 for each). On the echocardiographic examination, the PPAF group had lower EF and larger LA diameter than the PAF group (p < 0.05 for each).With respect to hematologic parameters, the patients in the PPAF group had higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet count, and red cell distribution width (RDW) than the PAF group (p < 0.05 for each).PPAF group had higher urea, ALT, uric acid, indirect bilirubin, triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, fasting glucose, GGT, and CRP level than the PAF group (p < 0.05 for each).By the multivariate logistic regression analysis, the HASBLED score, LA diameter, and GGT level were found to be the independent predictors of PPAF.DiscussionPatient with AF are exposed to high risk of ischemic stroke. Our study suggest that patients with PAF are exposed to a similar IS risk as mentioned in the guideline (2010 ESC Guideline on the management of AF) while patient with PPAF have had a greater IS risk than predicted in the guideline according to their CHA2DS2VASc score. Also patients with PPAF have had more frequent concomitant debilitating disorders than PAF patients. Hematologic and biochemical parameters were poorer in the PPAF group. Despite numerous studies reporting high effectiveness of OAC treatment in the prevention IS in AF patients; only 27% of the high-risk patients in our study population were under OAC treatment and only 45% of them had been in the effective therapeutic INR ranges. OAC prescription habits of physicians to the high risk AF patients in the daily practice was assessed in the present study and inadequate advisement of OAC by physicians was found to be the most common reason of `not to use OAC`, in spite of medical contraindications.Conclusion As a conclusion, although it is reported in the literature that all types of AF patients carry an increased risk for future ischemic stroke, our study suggest that patients with PPAF have co-morbid disorders more commonly and they are exposed to higher risk for ischemic stroke and bleeding compared to patients with PAF. 100