Search

TableS1. Surgical and postoperative characteristics

U ovom radu su utvrđena i prikazana psihometrijska obilježja hrvatskog oblika Upitnika dnevnog sanjarenja(Somer i sur., 2016). Faktorskom analizom potvrđena je trofaktorska struktura što odgovara izvornoj verziji skale. Rezultati su preliminarni te se preporučuje primjena na velikom uzorku ispitanika.

Cilj ovog rada bio je istražiti postoje li razlike u likovnom izražavanju između kronično/akutno oboljele i zdrave djece. U istraživanje se krenulo od pretpostavke da će se oboljela djeca služiti tamnijim tonovima i zauzimati manji prostor na crtežu. Uzimajući u obzir negativne posljedice bolesti, pokušalo se ispitati izražavaju li djeca crtežom tugu, strah i zabrinutost zbog bolesti.Metoda: U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 22-je kronično i akutno bolesne djece na Pedijatrijskom odjelu i 102-je zdravih učenika Osnovne škole Stobreč, od kojih su za analizu odabrana 22 crteža. Učenici razredne nastave crtali su slobodan crtež i crtež obitelji.Rezultati: Rezultati istraživanja nisu potvrdili postavljene hipoteze: ne postoji značajna razlika u uporabi tamnih tonova i prostora na crtežima između dviju skupina djece. Analizom i usporedbom crteža došlo se i do drugih rezultata, iako se nisu pokazale statistički značajne razlike: zdrava i oboljela djeca biraju različite teme crteža, bolesna djeca manje rabe boje, sva oboljela djeca crtaju oba roditelja, više bolesne djece crta ostale članove obitelji, veći broj zdrave djece na crtežu obitelju crta motive sunca, neba i trave.Zaključci: Rezultati istraživanja su pokazali da ne postoje značajne razlike između crteža zdrave i akutno/kronično bolesne djece koja se nalaze na liječenju u bolnici. Obje skupine djece na sličan se način služe prostorom za crtanje te upotrebljavaju slične boje. Može se zaključiti da kronično/akutno oboljela djeca nisu u svom likovnom izražavanju iskazala više negativnih emocija ili poteškoća u samopoimanju u odnosu na zdravu djecu. Zbog ograničenja ovoga istraživanja koja se, između ostaloga, odnose na veličinu uzorka, slične bi pretpostavke valjalo provjeriti na većem uzorku radi dobivanja boljeg uvida u značajke crteža kronično i akutno oboljele djece. Takvi bi podatci mogli poslužiti za osmišljavanje ciljanih programa osnaživanja i potpore djeci oboljeloj od kroničnih i akutnih bolesti.

The aim was to investigate whether social skills’ training (SST) influences the attitudes towards communication skills learning and to validate Communication Skills Attitudes Scale (CSAS) among students of health studies in the Republic of Croatia. SST (10 workshops) was implemented for this purpose. 70 students of 1st year in four Croatian university health studies were randomly selected to take part in the training and 169 students were a part of the control group. CSAS was applied at the beginning and end of the training to both groups. The results indicated good metric characteristics in relation to CSAS and its two-factor structure (positive attitude scale and negative attitude scale). Furthermore, we did not record significant change in attitudes towards communication skills learning in both groups. However, pursuant to average results from the subscales attitudes towards communication skills learning, we noticed that the negative attitudes tend to decrease and positive tend to increase. This indicates that 10 workshops might have been insufficient in order to change the attitude.

Background: Development of health studies includes a diverse range of educational programs (with belonging qualifications) that enable to future health professionals to adjust to the needs of health system. Croatian Qualifications Framework is an instrument with a purpose to achieve the convergence between qualifications’ levels in Croatia and European Qualifications Framework. Summary of Work: Development of the occupational standards/qualifications for the 6th and 7th level of health studies of nursing, midwifery, radiology technology (RT), physiotherapy (PhT) and medical laboratory diagnostics (MLD), as well as designing programs of 7th level of education for midwifery and MLD. Summary of Results: Information on job descriptions, key tasks and specific knowledge and skills needed in nursing, midwifery, RT, PhT and MLD, were collected in 200 employees in health sector. Based on the findings, expert working groups defined 10 occupational and 10 qualification standards (6th, 7th level and graduate study programs). Discussion: Standards’ development enables improving the quality of higher education and qualifications, defining competencies and increasing multidirectional mobility of health professionals. Standardization of the competences with laboratory equipment for MLD and midwifery design curricula (adapted to current needs in health care), will improve the offer of higher medical education in Croatia. Conclusion: Through the standardization of the professions and qualifications, the Croatian system of higher medical education becomes balanced with the standards and guidelines of quality assurance of the EQF, while the educational offer is adapted to current needs of the health system in the Republic of Croatia and other countries. Take Home Messages: The evolving needs of the health sector are a challenge for the competences of health professionals, while the need for synchronization and continuous improvement of the educational offer is the most important requirement.

Personalized medicine means satisfying patients’ psychological and health needs as well as growing demands for health professionals. Consequently, social skills appear as an important factor during health professionals’ education and practical work. Within processes of improving health education and health care, selection and education of health studies students are of particular importance. The aim of this study was to determine the contribution of personality antecedents that reflect social skills of health studies students and to predict their achievement in health studies. Research was conducted in two phases: November 2015 (initial phase) and July 2016 (final evaluation). Variables used in the study were as follows: Big Five Questionnaire (Caprara, Barbaranelli & Borgogni, 2005) ; Emotional Competence Questionnaire (Takšić, 2002) ; Academic Achievement (mean, weighted mean) and Study Satisfaction Scale (Chen & Lo, 2012). Main research finding is the fact that the possibility of academic success and study satisfaction forecast based on three groups of predictors is actually very small. There are only two statistically significant predictors for academic success criterion: high school success and state matura success in the expected direction, which means that the students with better high school success and better state matura results achieve better academic success. However, there is no statistically significant positive correlation between state matura success and school marks success in this sample of respondents. This finding can be expected since higher correlation values between these two high school success indicators are rarely found in certain study program samples (due to homogeneity of students enrolling certain study program and consequently less variability in school success indicators) (Jukic, Anticevic, Svaljug and Orlandini, 2016). Insight into this study could provide information on how to use these findings as a guideline for observing relevant psychological characteristics during selection and education of professionals, as well as for certain aspects of health professionals’ practical work.

Socijalne vještine, uz stručnost važne su sastavnice zdravstvene djelatnosti. Učenje socijalnih vještina kod polaznika različitih zdravstvenih studija dovodi do povećanih kompetencija. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitati da li trening socijalnih vještina utječe na stavove prema poučavanju komunikacijskih vještina te validacija skale Communication Skills Attitudes Scale (CSAS) na uzorku studenata zdravstvenih studija u Republici Hrvatskoj. Skala je prevedena na hrvatski jezik prema u te svrhe zadanim pravilima. Rezultati istraživanja ukazuju na dobre metrijske karakteristike Communication Skills Attitudes Scale i na njezinu dvofaktorsku strukturu (positive attitude scale and negative attitude scale) što ovu skalu čini pouzdanim mjernim instrumentom za mjerenje stavova prema poučavanju komunikacijskih vještina. Rezultati istraživanja nisu u skladu s očekivanjima, naime nismo zabilježili statistički značajnu promjenu u stavovima prema poučavanju komunikacijskih vještina kako kod studenata koji su polazili trening socijalnih vještina tako i onih koji u treningu nisu sudjelovali. Skala stavova prema učenju socijalnih vještina na zdravstvenim studijima može se koristiti na uzorku hrvatskih studenata. Za promjenu u stavovima potrebno je trajanje Treninga socijalnih vještina duže od dva tjedna.

Veliki broj istraživanja upućuje na značaj dugotrajnih životnih teškoća (u koje spadaju i kronične bolesti) kao snažnih izvora psihološkog stresa, negativnih afektivnih stanja, poremećaja tjelesnog i psihološkog zdravlja te problema u socijalnoj prilagodbi. Sistemski eritemski lupus (SEL) je kronična, sistemska, autoimuna bolest koja potencijalno ugrožava većinu organskih sustava i obilježena je širokim rasponom pridruženih medicinskih problema, uključujući neželjene učinke farmakoterapije. Klinička opažanja, kao i do sada provedena istraživanja, ukazuju na povezanost između psihološkog stresa i samoprocjene simptoma lupusa u pacijenata, odnosno na vezu između psihološkog stresa i pogoršanja simptoma bolesti. Dnevni stresori koji uključuju socijalne odnose i socijalne obveze mogu biti značajni čimbenici povezani sa smjerom aktivnosti bolesti. Otprilike 50–90% pacijenata s lupusom navodi bol u različitim područjima, uglavnom koštanomišićnog sustava, što je značajan problem koji utječe na cjelokupno funkcioniranje ; odnosno na veći intenzitet umora, psihološki stres i narušenu kvalitetu života. Novija istraživanja otkrila su nezadovoljene potrebe pacijenata s lupusom koje se odnose na umor, bol, depresivnost i anksioznost. Prema malobrojnim podacima iz literature, KBT se kroz dosadašnja iskustva pokazala učinkovitim tretmanom za smanjenje anksiozno- depresivne simptomatologije u pacijenata s lupusom, kao i za smanjenje razine dnevnog stresa. Cilj ovog rada je prikazati osobitosti kognitivno bihevioralnog grupnog tretmana u radu s pacijenticama oboljelima od lupusa u našoj zemlji, primarno usmjeren na postizanje učinkovitijeg suočavanja sa stresom (te pratećih simptoma depresivnosti i anksioznosti).

SUMMARY – The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of oral allergy syndrome (OAS) in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) and the possible risk factors for its development. This cross-sectional study was conducted in primary care offices in the Split- Dalmatia County during the period from March 1 to September 30, 2012. Data sources were medical history with confirmation of SAR (positive skin-prick test to seasonal inhalant allergens: grass, tree and weed pollens), anthropometric patient data (age, sex, weight and height), and a questionnaire in which patients evaluated their nasal and ocular symptoms, comorbidities and lifestyle. The χ2- test, Pearson χ2-test, Spearman's rho correlation coefficient and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test were used on statistical analysis. The prevalence of OAS was 45.7%. The risk factors for OAS development were diabetes (p

Background and Goal of Study: Postoperative behavioral changes (PBC) occur in up to 50% of children undergoing surgery and general anesthesia. They include general anxiety, sleep disorders, enuresis and temper tantrums ; if PBC persist, the emotional and cognitive development may be significantly affected (1). Total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) is increasingly used in routine pediatric anesthesia. The aim of this study was to assess whether the choice of different anesthetic techniques for adenotonsillectomy may impact upon the incidence of PBC in repeated measurements. Materials and Methods: The children (n=36), age 6‐12 yrs, were randomized into 2 groups: TIVA (n=18) and sevoflurane (S) (n=18). After applying EMLA cream, all patients had iv line before the induction and were given midazolam 0.05 μg/kg. In TIVA group anesthesia was induced with propofol, fentanyl and vecuronium, and maintained with continuous infusion of propofol. In S group, after fentanyl 1 μg/kg anesthesia was induced and maintained with sevoflurane in O2/N20 (50:50) mixture. BIS monitoring was used and depth of anesthesia accordingly adjusted. All patients were given paracetamol 15 mg/kg and dexamethasone 0.2 mg/kg. PBC were evaluated with Post Hospitalization Behavior Questionnaire (PHBQ), consisting of 27 items describing 6 subscales: General Anxiety, Separation Anxiety, Sleep Anxiety, Eating Disturbances, Aggression Against Authority and Apathy/Withdrawal (2). PHBQ was fulfilled by parents at days 1, 3, 7 and 15, as well as 6 months after surgery. The data were statistically analyzed with repeated measures ANOVA. Results and Discussion: Regarding the Separation Anxiety, Eating Disturbances and Aggression Against Authority subscales, there were significant differences between TIVA and S group (P< 0.05) in all repeated measurements, with greater mean values of PBC in S group. Regarding the General Anxiety, Sleep Anxiety and Apathy/Withdrawal subscales, there were no significant differences either in repeated measurements within groups, or between TIVA and S group, although higher mean values of PBC were recorded in group S (P>0.05). Conclusion: The choice of anesthetic technique could affect PBC. Children anesthetized with TIVA for adenotonsillectomy had significantly less separation anxiety, eating disturbances and aggression against authority estimated by results of PHBQ.