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Introduction initiation of breastfeeding is crucial in preventing newborn deaths and influences childhood nutrition. There was limited updated evidence regarding early initiation of breast-feeding practice and associated factors among the target population in the study area. Objective To assess initiation of breastfeeding practice and its associated factors among mothers who have infants less than six months of age in, North West Ethiopia, 2020. Methods The Community based quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted among 405 respondents in the stud area, then data would be entered and analyzed by using SPSS version 20 statistical packages. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression model analysis would be done. Odds ratio with 95% confidence was computed to determine the level of significance-value less than 0.05 considered as significant. Result This study showed that 94.7% of mothers in Debre Tabor Town practiced initiation of breastfeeding for their infants within the Less Than 12 Months of age. In multivariable analysis I n f a n t S e x, Female [AOR (95% CI) = 0.068 (0.002, 1.659), and Age of Mother 20–24 years [AOR (95% CI) = 2.33 (0.030, 17.12)], 25–29 years ((AOR = 8.20 [(95% CI: 12.212, 22.189]), and 30–34 years (AOR = 4.48 [95% CI: 0.463, 15.478], Assists (Attend) during delivery, Doctor (AOR = 0.644 [95% CI: 0.041, 10.138]) and Encourage BF by religious father (AOR = 6.669 [(95% CI: 4.27, 8.895]) were remained significantly associated with the outcome variable with at 95% CI and P- value of Conclusion and Recommendation: The prevalence of EIBF among mother-infant pairs of less than 12 months in debre tabor town, Northwest, Ethiopia, was found to be high as compared to national and global infant and young child feeding guidelines. However; it shows improvement as compared with some previous studies in Ethiopia. I n f a n t s e x, age of mother, assists during delivery, and encourage BF by religious father were factors associated with outcome in the stud area.

Background. Substances mainly khat, alcohol and cigarette are used during pregnancy in Ethiopia. However, to this date, there is no pooled evidence about the burden of adverse neonatal outcomes among the substance users during pregnancy in the country. Methods. Eligible primary studies were accessed from 4 international data bases (Google Scholar, Science Direct, Scopus, and PubMed). The required data were extracted from these studies and then exported to stata version 14 for analysis. Subgroup analyses were conducted for evidence of heterogeneity. Results. A total of 2298 neonates were included from 7 studies. Among these neonates, 530(23.06%) were those whose mothers used substance during pregnancy (exposed group) whereas 1768 neonates were those whose mothers didn’t use substance during pregnancy (controls group). The pooled prevalence of adverse neonatal outcome among the exposed mothers was 38.32% (95% CI: 29.48%, 47.16%; I2 = 76.3%) whereas it was 16.29% (95% CI: 9.45%, 23.13%) among the controls. Adverse neonatal outcome was most burdensome among cigarette smokers 45.20% (95% CI: 37.68%, 52.73%; I2 = .00%) when compared with khat chewers 34.00% (95% CI: 20.87%, 47.13%) and alcohol drinkers 38.47% (95% CI: 17.96%, 58.98%). Low birth weight 42.00% (95% CI: 18.01%, 65.99%; I2 = 91.8%) was the most common adverse birth outcome. Conclusion. It was found that adverse neonatal outcomes were much more burdensome among antenatal substance users than the controls. Therefore, mothers should be enabled to quit using substance before pregnancy. Besides, strict comprehensive screening of every pregnant mother should be made at antenatal care clinics for early identification and management of antenatal substance use.

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-2-gph-10.1177_2333794X211019699 for The Burden of Adverse Neonatal Outcome among Antenatal Substance Users in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by Wubet Alebachew Bayih, Metadel Yibeltal Ayalew, Melaku Tadege, Maru Mekie, Teklehaimanot Kiros, Eshetie Molla Alemu, Efrem Fenta Alemnew, Lemma Getacher, Demeke Mesfin Belay, Binyam Minuye Birhane, Dr Kassaw Demilie Alemu, Getachew Yideg Yitbarek and Belayneh Kefale in Global Pediatric Health

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-3-gph-10.1177_2333794X211019699 for The Burden of Adverse Neonatal Outcome among Antenatal Substance Users in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by Wubet Alebachew Bayih, Metadel Yibeltal Ayalew, Melaku Tadege, Maru Mekie, Teklehaimanot Kiros, Eshetie Molla Alemu, Efrem Fenta Alemnew, Lemma Getacher, Demeke Mesfin Belay, Binyam Minuye Birhane, Dr Kassaw Demilie Alemu, Getachew Yideg Yitbarek and Belayneh Kefale in Global Pediatric Health

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-4-gph-10.1177_2333794X211019699 for The Burden of Adverse Neonatal Outcome among Antenatal Substance Users in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by Wubet Alebachew Bayih, Metadel Yibeltal Ayalew, Melaku Tadege, Maru Mekie, Teklehaimanot Kiros, Eshetie Molla Alemu, Efrem Fenta Alemnew, Lemma Getacher, Demeke Mesfin Belay, Binyam Minuye Birhane, Dr Kassaw Demilie Alemu, Getachew Yideg Yitbarek and Belayneh Kefale in Global Pediatric Health

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-gph-10.1177_2333794X211019699 for The Burden of Adverse Neonatal Outcome among Antenatal Substance Users in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by Wubet Alebachew Bayih, Metadel Yibeltal Ayalew, Melaku Tadege, Maru Mekie, Teklehaimanot Kiros, Eshetie Molla Alemu, Efrem Fenta Alemnew, Lemma Getacher, Demeke Mesfin Belay, Binyam Minuye Birhane, Dr Kassaw Demilie Alemu, Getachew Yideg Yitbarek and Belayneh Kefale in Global Pediatric Health