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This chapter elaborates on depression, which is an illness that affects the brain and body with subsequent emotional, mental, behavioral, and physical consequences. The clinical definition of major depressive disorder is a pervasive feeling of sorrow, hopelessness, or apathy that lasts more than a couple of weeks for a good part of each day, interferes with daily life, and may not respond to changing circumstances. The chapter provides an overview of diagnosing symptoms of depression, bipolar disorder, and disruptive mood dysregulation disorder. Scientists have found clear evidence linking depression to variation in brain architecture and brain chemistry. The chapter also explains the correlation of depression to gender, race, stress, and genes.

This introductory chapter clarifies that depression is more than being moody despite the expected hormonal changes in an adolescent. It assures that depression is a treatable illness with the help of compassionate and effective help from professionals. In recent times, young people have many good reasons to be moody aside from their changing biochemistry. The recent increase in depression and anxiety cases showed a correlation to climate change, income inequality, increasing job competition, and social media. The chapter also notes depression as one of the most common mental illnesses worldwide. Leading US health groups, like the American Academy of Pediatrics, have rung the bell for a national emergency in youth mental health. The chapter explains the decreasing stigma around mental health illnesses.

This chapter reviews the lives of the children affected by bipolar disorder and how it changed for the better. It acknowledges how sheer luck and a parent’s love can make a difference in a child’s life path. Kids with all kinds of mental illness being identified and treated earlier bring hope that they can be helped out of their harmful ruts. Moreover, the pandemic sparked unquestionable damage to the mental health of US children. The chapter tackles progress with policies in improving mental health support. It suggests focusing better on the bigger picture and thinking harder about broader, structural issues that have huge and inequitable impacts on mental health.

This chapter tackles psychotherapy as a method of treatment for bipolar disorder. It clarifies that medication is often not sufficient by itself, so psychotherapy will provide the greatest chance of lifelong success in treating the condition. Imaging studies have shown psychotherapy leads to physical changes in the brain. Moreover, bipolar disorder affects the person with the condition and their respective family. A therapist using cognitive-behavioral therapy challenges a patient’s unhealthy thinking patterns while simultaneously encouraging problem-solving skills and healthier choices. The chapter also explores other psychotherapy approaches such as interpersonal psychotherapy, dialectical behavior therapy, and family-focused treatment. It then covers the duration and side-effects of psychotherapy.

This chapter explores the steps parents can take as their children prepare to complete highschool and plan for their future. Parents with their child need to consider the potential options, manage expectations, and provide open communication in order to figure out the best next step. If the decision is to pursue college, parents should utilize The JED Foundation that offers advice for parents concerned about selecting the right college that will support their child’s mental health needs. Parent with their college bound child need to understand the school’s approach to handling emergencies and informing parents. Young people experiencing significant depression symptoms might want to consider paths that will minimize stress and provide additional time to prepare for school or the work force. The chapter also provides information on government support for people disabled with mental illness.

This chapter shares recommendations on how to approach situations that evolve into crises for the child and loved ones. It highlights the importance of parents being a constant and stable loving presence as it is key support that will the child during a crisis. Self-harm, such as cutting and burning, is common among adolescents who experience depression, bullying, have low self-esteem, and know a friend who engages in the same behavior. For many self-harm is a cry for help and an expression of distress, which parent may miss. Moreover, some of the risk factors for a child to attempt suicide range among presence of a family history, mood disorders, substance use, LGBTQ+, and trauma/sexual abuse. The chapter suggests having a crisis plan in place and emergency contact information readily available. There are times when hospitalization may be needed for the adolescent in order to ensure safety and increase treatment intensity.

This chapter focuses on bipolar disorder that affects the lives of people. It starts with how taking care of children with bipolar disorder might take over a parent’s life. The characteristic definition of bipolar disorder ranges between mania and depression. Professional help is advised when red flags like bouts of explosive rage or repeated high-risk behavior have been recorded. The chapter explains the process of diagnosing bipolar disorder, especially when the condition is often mistaken for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder or schizophrenia. Moreover, bipolar disorder often exists side by side with other emotional and behavioral issues known as comorbid conditions or comorbidities. The chapter also highlights the role of biology in mood disorders.

This chapter tackles the importance of finding a provider. It acknowledges that US mental health care is underutilized due to the lack of identification of these illnesses, affordable treatments, insurance coverage, and available providers. Most of the hardships in acquiring mental health care correlate to their disproportionately affecting people of color and families with low incomes and the lingering stigma both within their communities and within the medical system. Some of the suggestions for finding care for children include checking national referral services, consulting with primary care provider, and establishing a relationship the adolescent’s behavioral health provider. The chapter explains the trend of digital care and telepsychiatry following the COVID-19 pandemic. It looks into the options of health insurance and parity since mental health care can be costly.

This chapter shares the challenges brought by sex, drugs, and social media in supporting children. It notes that contemporary moms and dads know that mental illness is real, and adults have more emotional work when raising children. Parents of children with depression are advised to be extra-vigilant about the dangers of online content, especially when children tend to depend on the internet for schoolwork, socializing, and establishing their autonomy and identity. The chapter highlights the importance of communication and vigilance with children. It explains how sex, drugs, and social media could turn into a unhealthy coping mechanism to manage symptoms of depression and anxiety.

This chapter cites school as a critically important environment in a child’s life. It acknowledges the constant and powerful potential impacts of school on the mental health of a child with depression. Heightened stress, after all, can be especially hard on people struggling with mental illness. Bullying, isolation, and not attending school are some of the major stumbling blocks a child can encounter through middle school and high school. The chapter offers a range of strategies to cope with other students’ cruelty to a depressed child and helping your child ability navigate academic and social obstacles. In addition to receiving treatment with medication, psychotherapy, and school based approached you may still need to consider the option of changing schools, homeschooling, and adding additional supports.

This chapter looks into the risk factors and protective factors of several potential contributors to depression. It shows how the relationship, behavior, and environment of a home could enormously influence the child’s mental health. Even though medication and psychotherapy can work wonders in treating depression, the child will still need a variety of environmental supports and healthy habits to ward off harmful moods. Making progress with health habits, sleep, predictability at home, and strength can help people through depression. The chapter explains the importance of communication and availability, especially when depression often causes problems with thinking and understanding. Be aware of your parenting style. It will be most helpful to provide a nurturing, warm, and flexible approach with appropriate limits.

If Your Adolescent Has Bipolar Disorder: An Essential Resource for Parents provides a definitive guide to understanding and getting effective help for adolescents with bipolar disorder. The guide is primarily designed for parents and other adults in contact with teenagers with bipolar disorder. Most current scientific expertise available today has been combined with no-nonsense, hands-on advice from parents who have faced their children’s bipolar disorder. The scientific expertise ranges between the newest treatments and medications and the latest research findings on bipolar disorder. If Your Adolescent Has Bipolar Disorder aims to provide information and tools parents need to aid teenagers to achieve the best possible outcome in coping with their condition.

If Your Adolescent Has Depression: An Essential Resource for Parents provides a definitive guide for parents and other adults to understand and get effective help for adolescents with depression. Millions of parents have been caught off-guard by a nonnegotiable signal that they need to step in to mitigate their children’s depression. Thus, the most current scientific expertise had been combined with no-nonsense and hands-on advice from parents who have experienced a mood disorder in their children. Moreover, the scientific expertise includes the newest treatments, medications, and the latest research findings regarding depression. The book also covers the information and tools parents need to aid adolescents to achieve the best possible outcome in coping with their condition.

Cryptology of the long eighteenth century became an explicit discipline of secrecy. Theorized in pedagogical texts that reached wide audiences, multimodal methods of secret writing during the period in England promoted algorithmic literacy, introducing reading practices like discernment, separation, recombination, and pattern recognition. In composition, secret writing manipulated materials and inspired new technologies in instrumentation, computation, word processing, and storage. Cryptology also revealed the visual habits of print and the observational consequences of increasing standardization in writing, challenging the relationship between print and script. Secret writing served not only military strategists and politicians; it gained popularity with everyday readers as a pleasurable cognitive activity for personal improvement and as an alternative way of thinking about secrecy and literacy.

OBJECTIVES: Socioeconomically disadvantaged populations are more likely to have both low nutrition literacy and low cooking efficacy. This combination often results in a high consumption of convenience foods that are typically energy-dense, nutrient poor, and promote the development or exacerbation of chronic disease. The objective of this study is to examine the effect of nutrition education, hands-on cooking practices, and financial incentives on grocery purchasing behaviors and diet quality in a low-income community. METHODS: Forty participants will receive nutrition education and hands-on cooking experiences through a 10-week nutrition education program via Zoom. An instructor will teach participants a nutrition topic and then prepare and cook a related meal with them. Participants will be notified of the recipe prior to class, and required foods will be provided for those participants who are unable to afford them. Participants will also receive discounts on food items labeled as “Live HealthSmart Foods” (LHS) at the Village Market grocery store in the East Lake neighborhood of Birmingham, Alabama. LHS foods include fresh, frozen or canned fruits and vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and low-fat or fat-free dairy products. Participants will use a unique pin code to receive the discount and their account will be examined for trends in their shopping behaviors. Main outcomes of interest include proportion of LHS foods purchased, dietary intake measured by a food frequency questionnaire and changes in nutrition literacy and cooking efficacy. RESULTS: Study results will indicate 1) if there is a synergistic effect of nutrition education, hands-on cooking practices, and financial incentives on grocery purchasing behaviors and 2) how the intervention influences diet quality. CONCLUSIONS: Results will also inform our endeavor of expanding the territory of the Live HealthSmart food model in a randomized community-based trial investigating the intervention's potential for translation and implementation in a wider and more diverse community setting. FUNDING SOURCES: This work was supported by the Live HealthSmart Alabama initiative, the Cooking Well nutrition program, Village Market, Albert Schweitzer Fellowship and the University of Alabama at Birmingham.

This pioneering collection of nine original essays carves out a new conceptual path in the field by theorizing the ways in which the language of games and warfare inform and illuminate each other in the early modern cultural imagination. They consider how warfare and games are mapped onto each other in aesthetically and ideologically significant ways in the early modern plays, poetry or prose of William Shakespeare, Thomas Morton, John Milton, Margaret Cavendish, Aphra Behn, and Jonathan Swift, among others. Contributors interpret the terms 'war games' or 'games of war' broadly, freeing them to uncover the more complex and abstract interplay of war and games in the early modern mind, taking readers from the cockpits and clowns of Shakespearean drama, through the intriguing manuals of cryptographers and the ingenious literary wargames of Restoration women authors, to the witty but rancorous paper wars of the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries.