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Background: Elderly people with diabetes are among high-risk groups that require more attention. With the increasing use of technology in healthcare, much emphasis has been placed on telehealth because of its potential to reduce unnecessary healthcare services consumption. We aimed to review and analyse the evidence of various interventions on the effect of using telehealth on biomedical, behavioural, and psychosocial outcomes in patients with diabetes over 50 years. Methods: The search method of this systematic synthesis without meta-analysis was guided by the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews (PRISMA) and the new reporting guideline synthesis without meta-analysis (SWiM) in systematic reviews. A coherent search strategy was designed to retrieve articles in databases such as PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov from inception to June 2020. We excluded articles with eligibility criteria of the age of under 50 years old and studies conducted on patients with gestational diabetes. The outcomes were categorized into biomedical, behavioural, and psychosocial outcomes. The methodology of articles was evaluated by the Standard Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias tool in Revman 5.3 software. Findings: Overall, 18 studies with 8273 patients with diabetes over the age of 50 were included in this systematic review. Biomedical outcomes such as blood sugar tests and cholesterol tests had significant improvement by using telehealth. Frequency of self-monitored blood glucose (SMBG) and self-efficacy were behavioural outcomes that increased by telehealth utilization. Telehealth had a positive impact on psychosocial outcomes like depression, quality of life (QoL), cognitive decline, and social support. Interpretation: Telehealth has the ability to improve multiple outcomes such as behavioural and psychosocial outcomes in health services consumers. Due to varied telehealth interventions and follow-up durations, firm conclusions cannot be reached. As the research investigations studied in the present study were of different kinds and had used different follow-up periods, there is a need for further rigorous studies which consider socio-economic, cultural, and clinical differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Doxorubicin is an anticancer drug known for a variety of cancers. As a targeted drug, it is loaded onto branched graphene oxide nanoparticles (GONPs). In this research, polymeric coatings containing vinyl alcohol bonded of the fifth generation of dendrimers containing methyl methacrylate (MMA) and ethylenediamine (EDA) groups act as a responsive polymer. The precursors are polymerized to form the dendrimer coating as the last carrier on the graphene oxide surface. Then polyvinyl alcohol (pH-sensitive polymer) coating is used on the surface of branched graphene oxide. When the nanoparticles carry the drug, they are not recognized by the immune system. The amount of drug release is increased. The average size of the final product is 30 nm. It is characterized by FTIR, TGA, XRD, and SEM-EDX to investigate different adsorption properties. Some of the physical parameters of the adsorption process, such as pH, time, and temperature for doxorubicin are investigated using the final adsorbent. The drug release by the adsorbent coated with pH-sensitive polymer is more than when the polymer coating was not applied on the nanoparticle. Drug release tests showed pH sensitivity behavior of graphene oxide/dendrimer/polyvinyl alcohol (GO/dendrimer/PVA), with %99.7 drug release at acidic (pH = 5.6) and %59 at neutral (pH = 7.4) conditions, that's means in the pH of a tumorous cell and the blood pH level, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, we evaluated the adsorption of thiazole over the surface of BC2N nanotube using PBE and M06-2X functionals and 6-311G** standard basis set. We considered one and two thiazole molecules over the outer sidewall of BC2N nanotube. Furthermore, we found that the adsorption energy of thiazole (state II) from its nitrogen head on the boron atom of BC2N nanotube is greater than other states (about − 0.90 eV by PBE and − 1.09 eV by M06-2X functional). It was found that the energy gap of BC2N nanotube is significantly reduced from 0.61 to 0.25 eV after the thiazole adsorption (state II). Our results also indicated that the electronic and optical properties of BC2N nanotube are significantly altered on the adsorption of thiazole. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background:Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignancy of the oral cavity. Despite some improvements in treatment, the survival rate is still very low, mainly due to the possible development of secondary malignancy or metastasis. Clinical and pathological features as well as molecular biomarkers might predict the recurrence. In recent years, many studies have been carried out on molecular biomarkers that can predict the prognosis of OSCC. One of these markers is the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which has led to different results. The aim of this study was to determine EGFR level in OSCC and to analyze its correlation with clinicopathological features. Methods: A total of 62 paraffin-embedded samples from OSCC patients treated in the oncology department of the Omid Hospital in the city of Mashhad, Iran were selected and EGFR staining was performed. The clinical and histopathological data were extracted from the medical records. Results: EGFR expression was positive in 98.4% of the cases. There was a significant difference between EGFR expression in the tumor and control cases in terms of cellularity and intensity (p˂0.001 and p=0.004, respectively). No statistically significant correlation was observed between EGFR and clinicopathological parameters. There was also no significant relationship between the cellularity and intensity expression of EGFR and patient survival (p=0.92 and p=0.42, respectively). Conclusion: In view of the high EGFR expression in squamous cell carcinoma, further studies on the role of EGFR in cell processes such as proliferation, angiogenesis and differentiation of the tumor are recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Cardiac troponin is one of the heart biomarkers and its high levels correlates with a high risk of cardiomyocytes damage. This study aimed to compare sevoflurane and isoflurane effect on troponin levels in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Methods: We systematically searched for RCTs which had been published in Cochrane library, PubMed, Web of science, CRD, Scopus, and Google Scholar by the end of February 30th, 2019. The quality of articles was evaluated with the Cochrane checklist. GRADE was used for quality of evidence for this meta-analysis. Meta-analysis was done based on random or fixed effect model. Results: Five studies with total of 190 (sevoflurane) and 191 (isoflurane) patients were included. The results showed that pooled mean difference of troponin levels between the two groups was significant at ICU admission time and 24 hours after entering. The comparison of troponin level changes between the two groups (baseline = at time ICU) in 24 and 48 hours after ICU admission was significant. Conclusion: This meta-analysis showed that blood troponin levels were significantly lower at the time of arrival in ICU with isoflurane and after 24 hours with sevoflurane. Generally, given the small mean difference between isoflurane and sevoflurane, it seems that none of the medications has a negative effect on the cardiac troponin level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Photopolymerization immediately sets dual-cure cements and prevents the continuation of chemical polymerization. Delayed light-curing allows the chemical process to continue up to the point before starting irradiation; however, there is a controversy in this respect. The present study evaluates the effect of delayed light-curing through a zirconia disc on the microhardness and fracture toughness (KIC) of two types of dual-cure cement. Materials and Methods: Samples measuring 25×5×3 mm3 were prepared for fracture toughness test, and discs measuring 5 mm in diameter and 3 mm in thickness were prepared for microhardness test using Bifix and BisCem cements. Light-curing protocols were as follows: immediate light-curing (group A), a 2-minute delay (group B), a 5-minute delay (group C), direct irradiation (group D), and no irradiation (group E). In groups A to C, light-curing was carried out through a zirconia disc. Data were analyzed by two-way and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), post-hoc Tukey's test, and Kruskal-Wallis test at 95% confidence interval. Results: There was a significant difference in the microhardness of the cements (P=0.00). Delayed light-curing had no effect on microhardness (P=0.080). The microhardness of BisCem in group E was significantly lower than that in group D (P=0.015). The fracture toughness of Bifix in groups B and C was significantly different than that in group E and BisCem groups. Conclusions: Under the limitations of our study, delayed light-curing had different effects on microhardness and fracture toughness. Differences in light-curing protocols resulted in different effects based on the cement type. Light-curing is recommended to achieve optimal mechanical properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The ever-increasing demand for enhanced esthetic appearance has resulted in significant developments in bleaching products. However, the enamel surface roughness (SR) might be negatively affected by bleaching agents. This in vitro study was undertaken to compare the effects of three nanobiomaterials on the enamel SR subsequent to bleaching. Materials and Methods: The crowns of six extracted intact nonerupted human third molars were sectioned. Five dental blocks measuring 2 mm × 3 mm × 4 mm were prepared from each tooth and placed in colorless translucent acrylic resin. The enamel areas from all the specimens were divided into five groups (n = 6): Group 1 did not undergo any bleaching procedures; Group 2 was bleached with a 40% hydrogen peroxide (HP) gel; Groups 3, 4, and 5 were bleached with a 40% HP gel modified by bioactive glass (BAG), amorphous calcium phosphate, and hydroxyapatite, respectively. The enamel SR was evaluated before and after treatment by atomic force microscopy. The data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. Results: SR increased significantly in the HP group. SR decreased significantly in the HP gel modified by BAG group as compared to other groups. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, incorporation of each one of the three test biomaterials proved effective in decreasing enamel SR subsequent to in-office bleaching technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Aging leads to changes in the body that make the elderly susceptible to various diseases and affect their quality of life. Available information indicates that the elderly are at higher risk for COVID-19. Self-care is one of the main challenges in the effective management of diseases in this population. M-health has an important role in managing, providing care and preventing various diseases and also has the potential to have an impact on supportive care and self-care. Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the role of mobile health technology in improving self-care in the elderly. Material and Methods: To conduct this review study scientific databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Magiran, Iran Medex and Sid were searched. To find related studies, the keywords "self-care", "older adult", "elder", "COVID-19", "mobile health" and their Persian equivalents were used. Among the articles found, studies on individuals Over 50 years and had the most thematic relevance to the present study was extracted and studied. Results: M-Health technology has good potential for educating and empowering the target population. Improving self-care and health-related lifestyle after using this technology have been reported in some studies. Findings showed that paying attention to items such as technical features (such as background color, font size, user guide) and educational content in designing various mobile health programs can increase the desire of the elderly to use this tool and improve self-care skills. During the corona epidemic, the use of this technology can be effective in promoting selfcare, reducing in-person visits and improving the quality of life. Conclusion: Planned use of this technology seems to help increase the efficiency of the health care system and reduce health costs, and leads to symptom management, motivation, stress reduction, personal hygiene, and better communication with health care providers. The growing population of the elderly and the high risk of various diseases, including COVID-19, create an urgent need to identify effective interventions based on mobile health technology that can be designed and implemented to suit the characteristics of the elderly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Photopolymerization immediately sets dual-cure cements and prevents the continuation of chemical polymerization. Delayed light-curing allows the chemical process to continue up to the point before starting irradiation; however, there is a controversy in this respect. The present study evaluates the effect of delayed light-curing through a zirconia disc on the microhardness and fracture toughness (K IC ) of two types of dual-cure cement., Materials and Methods: Samples measuring 25×5×3 mm 3 were prepared for fracture toughness test, and discs measuring 5 mm in diameter and 3 mm in thickness were prepared for microhardness test using Bifix and BisCem cements. Light-curing protocols were as follows: immediate light-curing (group A), a 2-minute delay (group B), a 5-minute delay (group C), direct irradiation (group D), and no irradiation (group E). In groups A to C, light-curing was carried out through a zirconia disc. Data were analyzed by two-way and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), post-hoc Tukey's test, and Kruskal-Wallis test at 95% confidence interval., Results: There was a significant difference in the microhardness of the cements (P=0.00). Delayed light-curing had no effect on microhardness (P=0.080). The microhardness of BisCem in group E was significantly lower than that in group D (P=0.015). The fracture toughness of Bifix in groups B and C was significantly different than that in group E and BisCem groups., Conclusions: Under the limitations of our study, delayed light-curing had different effects on microhardness and fracture toughness. Differences in light-curing protocols resulted in different effects based on the cement type. Light-curing is recommended to achieve optimal mechanical properties.