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A new convenient method for the asymmetric transfer allylation of aromatic aldehydes was developed. The reaction gave the best results using a chiral allyl donor molecule derived from (–)-menthone in the presence of heteropoly acids supported on silica gel under solvent-free conditions, and the desired homoallylic alcohol derivatives were obtained in good yields with good to high enantioselectivity.

New education program to train graduate students and postdoctoral researchers who can be good leaders in a variety of social fields by cooperation of graduate school of engineering and pharmaceutical sciences is conducted as an advanced activity in Kyoto University. This program consists of four sub-programs and the educational effect by the collaboration of industry-government-academic and the interaction between dissimilar research fields is described in this paper. Trainees in this program acquire the ability to understand objectively one' s research from comprehensive point of view and to debate with researchers in different fields. This program supports them to become 'Global Leaders' who play an important role internationally in advanced technology.

Experimental Study is conducted in horizontal 2-D wave basin to investigate the wave dissipation performance of Double Barrier Floating Breakwater (DBFB), which is restrained by vertical piles. The results are compared to that of fixed breakwater. The pressures on the front and lee sides of breakwater are examined in order to evaluate a drag coefficient, Cd and a hydrodynamic-mass coefficient, Cm of DBFB. The transmission coefficients are then estimated from these hydrodynamic coefficients under various conditions. The applicability of the formula proposed by Harms(1979) are also discussed.

When waves go upstream against gradually-increasing opposing current, wave breaking will occur and/or be blocked inthe case of strong current. Since wave action density is conserved in a current field, the wave action balance equation issuitable for the numerical model of wave-current interaction. In this study, the numerical simulation model based on thewave action balance equation is developed by using QUICK scheme in order to improve the accuracy of wave transformationdue to the current. The usability of the present model is verified, through the computation of the wave heightchange in the fields where the caustic exists or the area around the mouth of a river.

This study extends an energy-balance-equation wave model (a phase-averaging wave model) for multidirectional random wave transformations to account for wave shoaling, refraction, diffraction, reflection and breaking. Quadratic upstream interpolation for convective kinematics is used in the discretization to reduce numerical diffusion. Predictions using the present wave model are compared with Sommerfeld's solutions for wave transformation through a gap between breakwaters, experimental observations for wave transformation due to a circular shoal, and field measurements for waves behind a breakwater. The results of these comparisons show fairly good agreement.

本研究は, 波の回折と砕波を考慮したエネルギー平衡方程式を基にして, 高次精度の風上差分を用いた多方向不規則波の変形計算モデルを提案したものである. QUICK差分により数値拡散を減少させた上で, 放物型波動方程式をもとに定式化した回折項により波の回折効果を導入した. この波浪変形計算モデルを用いて開口防波堤背後の波浪変形計算を行い, Sommerfeld の理論解, 従来の1次精度風上差分による計算結果と比較・検討し, 本波浪変形モデルの有効性を確かめた. また, 球面浅瀬による多方向不規則波の変形を調べた Chawla ら (1998) の実験結果と本計算モデルによる計算結果を比較し, その妥当性を確かめた.

Genistein is a major component of soybean isoflavone and has multiple functions resulting in antitumor effects. Prostate cancer is 1 of the targets for the preventive role of genistein. We examined the effect of genistein on human prostate cancer (LNCaP and PC-3) cells. Proliferation of both cell lines was inhibited by genistein treatment in a dose-dependent manner. To obtain the gene expression profile of genistein in LNCaP cells, we performed cDNA microarray analysis. The expression of many genes, including apoptosis inhibitor (survivin), DNA topoisomerase II, cell division cycle 6 (CDC6) and mitogen-activated protein kinase 6 (MAPK 6), was downregulated. Expression levels were increased more than 2-fold in only 4 genes. The glutathione peroxidase (GPx)-1 gene expression level was the most upregulated. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction revealed significant elevation of transcript levels of GPx-1 in both LNCaP and PC-3 cells. Upregulation of gene expression levels accompanied elevation of GPx enzyme activities. In contrast, no significant changes were observed in the gene expression levels and enzyme activities of the other antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase and catalase. GPx activation might be one of the important characteristics of the effects of genistein on prostate cancer cells.