Search

Abstract. Background:. To date, there is still a lack of standardized management strategies for gastric low-grade dysplasia (LGD), which is a direct neoplastic precancerous lesion and requires specifically superficial destruction. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is expected to be an effective method for gastric LGD, but post-RFA pain may affect patients’ satisfaction and compliance. The current study aimed to evaluate the value of a submucosal injection prior to RFA (SI-RFA) for postoperative pain and treatment outcomes. Methods:. Between October 2014 and July 2021, gastric LGDs without risk factors (size >2 cm, unclear boundary, and abnormal microsurface and microvascularity) undergoing regular RFA and SI-RFA were retrospectively analyzed. Postoperative pain scores, wound healing, and clinical efficacy were compared. Propensity score matching, stratified analysis, and multivariable logistic regression were performed to control the confounding variables. Results:. One hundred and ninety-seven gastric LGDs in 151 patients received regular RFA. Forty-nine gastric LGDs in 36 patients received SI-RFA. Thirty-six pairs of patients were selected for the assessment of postoperative pain by propensity score matching. Compared to regular RFA, SI-RFA significantly decreased the degree and duration of postoperative pain (OR, 0.32; 95% CI, 0.13–0.84; P = 0.020), improved wound healing rate (80.0% [36/45] vs. 58.9% [89/151], P = 0.012), increased the complete ablation rate (91.8% [45/49] vs. 86.3% [170/197], χ2 = 1.094, P = 0.295), but correlated with higher rates of local recurrence and progression (25.6% [10/39] vs. 13.2% [18/136], χ2 = 3.471, P = 0.062; 8.3% [3/36] vs. 0.9% [1/116], P = 0.042). The multivariable logistic regression model confirmed that submucosal injection was associated with local recurrence (OR, 2.93; 95% CI, 1.13–7.58; P = 0.027). Conclusions:. Submucosal injections prior to RFA may reduce postoperative pain and scar formation while ensuring complete ablation of gastric LGD. However, local recurrence and progression should be considered seriously.

Abstract The study of the fluid inclusions of W–Mo deposits in the mineralization area of Ningshan–Zhen’an , Shaanxi Province, China shows that the gas–liquid two-phase inclusions are mainly present in W–Mo deposits, and the ore-forming fluid can be divided into four types: high-temperature type, middle–high-temperature type, middle-temperature type and low-temperature type. The formation depths of the W–Mo mineralization range from 4.2 to 8.4 km. The boiling and mixing of fluid may have been important mechanisms for the formation of W–Mo mineralization. The skarn-type mineralization is dominated by magmatic water, the quartz-vein-type mineralization includes both magmatic water and meteoric water, and the meteoric water is more involved in the quartz-fluorite-vein-type, beryl-quartz-vein-type and pegmatite-type mineralization. Magma is the main source of sulfur; that is, magma is the main source of mineralization. Combined with the metallogenic setting and geological characteristics of typical ore deposits, in the process of structural system transformation in South Qinling, the ore-forming magma fluid in the Late Indosinian–Yanshanian period was uplifted and emplaced along the NW–WNW direction and NE–NNE direction, and eventually, NW–WNW fault-controlled skarn-type W–Mo mineralization and quartz-vein-type W–Mo deposits accompanied by greisenization, albitization and potash feldspathization formed.

The forming, microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of three kinds of vacuum electron beam welded joints with different shapes were studied. The results of X-ray inspection of the joints showed that the three shapes of welded joints could meet the requirements of the quality inspection. The results of microstructure characterization show that the worm or bone-like δ-ferrite appears in the upper and lower regions of the funnel-shaped and bell-shaped joints, while only a small amount of δ-ferrite appears in the local regions of the nail-shaped joints. The test results of mechanical properties show that the micro-hardness of the weld center in the three kinds of shaped joints is the lowest. All the specimens fracture in the weld, and the bell-shaped weld presents the highest impact energy and bending load. Funnel-shaped weld shows the worst corrosion resistance due to the element segregation of the weld. Thus, the bell-shaped joint exhibits the best comprehensive performance.

Abstract Reliable and fast identification of high‐voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission line faults is important to the safety of power system. In traditional DC transmission line protection, differential protection is invulnerable to high fault resistance, but it needs long time delay for the influence of distributed capacitance current. In order to solve this problem, a novel pilot protection is proposed. The characteristics of the voltage and current processed by low‐pass filter under different fault conditions are analysed, and based on it the protection criteria is proposed. When external fault occurs, it reflects the line capacitance where the first forward fault traveling wave passes, which is increasing until equal to the whole line capacitance, then remains constant. However, when internal fault occurs, its value is negative in the initial stage, and after that its value is very different from the whole line capacitance. The analysis proves that this pilot protection method has fast operation speed, and can be applied for a relatively long period of time. What is more, the applicable time of superposition principle is considered in the analysis, which is not considered in many literatures. An UHVDC system is modelled for simulation in PSCAD/EMTDC, and the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed scheme is verified.

The decision-making process for pavement maintenance from a scientific perspective is based on accurate predictions of pavement performance. To improve the rationality of pavement performance indicators, comprehensive consideration of various influencing factors is necessary. To this end, four typical pavement performance indicators (i.e., Rutting Depth, International Roughness Index, Longitudinal Cracking, and Alligator Cracking) were predicted using the Long Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) database. Two types of data, i.e., local input variables and global input variables, were selected, and S-ANN and L-ANN models were constructed using a fully connected neural network. A comparative analysis of the predictive outcomes reveals the superior optimization of the L-ANN model. Subsequently, by incorporating structures such as self-attention mechanism, a novel predictive approach based on the Transformer architecture was proposed. The objective is to devise a more accurate predictive methodology for pavement performance indices, with the goal of guiding pavement maintenance and management efforts. Experimental results indicate that, through comparative analysis of three quantitative evaluation metrics (root mean square error, mean absolute error, coefficient of determination), along with visual scatter plots, the predictive model employing the fused Transformer architecture demonstrates higher robustness and accuracy within the domain of pavement performance prediction when compared to the L-ANN model. This outcome substantiates the efficacy and superiority of the model in terms of predictive performance, establishing it as a reliable tool for accurately reflecting the evolution of asphalt pavement performance. Furthermore, it furnishes a theoretical reference for determining optimal preventive maintenance timing for pavements.

Hybrid HVDC transmission technology advancement has led to significant progress. A reliable and effective DC line protection scheme is crucial for DC transmission systems. The traditional protection schemes suffer from insufficient sensitivity and reliability during high-impedance faults on DC lines. To address the issue, this study introduces a hybrid HVDC line single-ended protection scheme based on the coordination of converter control objectives. In the fault-ride-through(FRT) stage, different control strategies and objectives are applied to the converter based on the fault pole and fault direction identification results. Internal and external faults are discerned by calculating measured voltage with the coordination of the converter control objective. This approach maintains heightened sensitivity to high-impedance DC line faults. Moreover, it operates independently of double-ended communication and demands a low sampling rate. Extensive simulation results robustly substantiate the efficacy of the proposed protection scheme.

Background and Objectives: The clinical outcomes of gastric low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (LGIN) exhibit significant diversity, and the current reliance on endoscopic biopsy for diagnosis poses limitations in devising appropriate treatment strategies for this disease. This study aims to establish a prognostic prediction scoring system (e-Cout system) for gastric LGIN, offering a theoretical foundation for solving this clinical challenge. Methods: Retrospectively selecting 1013 cases meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria from over 300,000 cases of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy performed at the Digestive Endoscopy Center of our hospital between 2000 and 2022, the cohort included 484 cases as development cohort and 529 cases for validation. Employing relevant statistical analysis, we used development cohort data to establish the e-Cout system for gastric LGIN, and further used validation cohort data to for internal validation. Results: In the developmental stage, based on accordant regression coefficients, we assigned point values to six risk factors for poor prognosis: 4 points for microvessel (MV) distortion, 3 points for MV thickening, 2 points for ulcer, and 1 point each for lesion size > 2cm, disease duration > 1 year, and hyperemia and redness on the lesion surface. Patients were then categorized into four risk levels: low risk (0-1 point), medium risk (2-3), high risk (4-6), and very high risk (≥7). During the validation stage, significant differences in the three different outcomes of gastric LGIN were observed across all risk levels. The probability of reversal and progression showed a significant decrease and increase, respectively, with escalating of risk levels, and these differences were statistically significant (P< 0.001). Conclusions: The proposed e-Cout system holds promise in aiding clinicians to predict the probability and risk levels of different clinical outcomes in patients with gastric LGIN. This system is expected to provide an improved foundation and guidance for the selection of clinical strategies for this disease.

Abstract The nature of solid–liquid interfaces is of great significance in lubrication. Remarkable advances have been made in lubrication based on hydration effects. However, a detailed molecular-level understanding is still lacking. Here, we investigated water molecule behaviors at the TiO2–aqueous interfaces by the sum-frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy (SFG-VS) and atomic force microscope (AFM) to elucidate the fundamental role of solid–liquid interfaces in lubrication. Combined contributions of water structures and hydration effects were revealed, where water structures played the dominant role in lubrication for TiO2 surfaces of varying hydrophilicity, while hydration effects dominated with the increasing of ion concentrations. Superior lubrication is observed on the initial TiO2 surfaces with strongly H-bonded water molecules compared to the hydrophilic TiO2 surfaces with more disordered water. The stable ordered water arrangement with strong hydrogen bonds and the shear plane occurring between the ordered water layer and subsequent water layer may play a significant role in achieving lower friction. More adsorbed hydrated molecules with the increasing ionic concentration perturb ordered water but lead to the enhancement of hydration effects, which is the main reason for the improved lubrication for both TiO2. This work provides more insights into the detailed molecular-level understanding of the mechanism of hydration lubrication.

Abstract Superlubricity control is of great interest in both industry and scientific research, and several methods have been proposed to achieve this goal. In this work, ultraviolet (UV) light was introduced into titanium dioxide (TiO2) and silicon nitride (Si3N4) tribosystems to accomplish photoinduced superlubricity. The friction coefficients (COFs) between Si3N4 balls and TiO2 plates in the mixtures of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) solution and glycerol solution were obviously reduced, and the system entered the superlubricity region (COF < 0.01) after UV illumination at a speed of 56 mm/s. However, the COF was much larger without UV treatment than that with UV treatment. The formation of silica (SiO2) layers on the surfaces of Si3N4 balls and the elastohydrodynamic effects were determined to be fundamental to the low friction in this experiment, and the enhancement of the combination between the TiO2 surface and the hydroxy group of glycerol by UV illumination was the key to the photoinduced superlubricity in this system. These findings showed one method for achieving superlubricity by introducing a light field that could be further applied to special working conditions.

The HVDC transmission system has played an important role in modern power system. In traditional HVDC transmission line protection, the differential protection is invulnerable to high fault resistance, but its time delay is too long due to the distributed capacitance current. In order to solve this problem, a novel pilot differential protection is proposed in this paper. The compensating voltage on the setting point on the line can be calculated by using the voltage and current at two terminals of the line, separately. The difference value of the compensating voltages calculated by the voltage and current at rectifier side terminal and the inverter side terminal are defined as the differential voltage in this paper. When external fault occurs, the compensating voltage on the setting point calculated by the rectifier side terminal and inverter side terminal should be almost the same, so the differential voltage should be relatively small. However, when internal fault occurs, the compensating voltage on the setting point calculated by the two terminals are different, so the differential voltage should be relatively large. The analysis proves that the differential voltage can be used to identify the fault. A ±800 kV UHVDC system is modeled for simulation in PSCAD/EMTDC, and the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed protection method is verified.

In this paper, we proposed Mix-VIO, a monocular and binocular visual-inertial odometry, to address the issue where conventional visual front-end tracking often fails under dynamic lighting and image blur conditions. Mix-VIO adopts a hybrid tracking approach, combining traditional handcrafted tracking techniques with Deep Neural Network (DNN)-based feature extraction and matching pipelines. The system employs deep learning methods for rapid feature point detection, while integrating traditional optical flow methods and deep learning-based sparse feature matching methods to enhance front-end tracking performance under rapid camera motion and environmental illumination changes. In the back-end, we utilize sliding window and bundle adjustment (BA) techniques for local map optimization and pose estimation. We conduct extensive experimental validations of the hybrid feature extraction and matching methods, demonstrating the system’s capability to maintain optimal tracking results under illumination changes and image blur.

Wire-feed electron beam additive manufacturing (WFEBAM) was utilized to repair the damaged Ti6Al4V (abbreviated as Ti64) alloy with B and Y modified Ti64 wire, and the effect of heat input on the repaired microstructure and properties of Ti64 alloy was investigated. The results indicated that the sizes of prior columnar β grains and α laths increased gradually with increased heat input. Besides the fine acicular α laths, continuous αGB, and retained β phase, bits of needle-like TiB and Y2O3 nanoparticles were formed in the deposited zone (DZ) due to the addition of B and Y elements in Ti64 wire. In addition, the increased heat input reduced the microhardness and wear resistance of the DZ, while still being superior to the mechanical properties of Ti64 substrate. It is attributed to the refinement of α laths and precipitates. Compared with Ti64 substrate, the DZ in as-repaired sample 1# with the lowest heat input (288 J/mm) showed the maximum microhardness (386HV), 18% higher than that of Ti64 substrate. While the DZ 1# also obtained the lowest friction coefficient (0.49), about 80.3% of Ti64 substrate. The tensile strength and elongation of the DZ 1# were 840.6 MPa and 14%, respectively, both of which remained above 88% of Ti64 substrate. Therefore, the as-repaired sample 1# with the lowest heat input could meet the repair requirements.

Background: As a population ages, blood pressure levels gradually increase, leading to a higher incidence of hypertension and increased cardiovascular diseases risk. This study examines factors affecting hypertension grading among centenarians in the Hainan Province. Methods: Data from 2014 to 2016 were accessed from the cross-sectional database “Hypertension Levels and Epidemiological Characteristics of the Elderly and Centenarians in Hainan province of China”. This study included 690 centenarians with hypertension. Hypertension grading was the dependent variable, analyzed against independent variables including demographic information (sex, age, ethnicity, education level, marital status, cohabitation, and regional distribution), lifestyle factors (smoking, alcohol consumption, and physical activity), body mass index (BMI), and comorbid conditions (diabetes and hyperlipidemia). Logistic regression models, adjusted for these factors, were used to assess the determinants of hypertension grading among the participants. Results: Multivariate regression analysis, after adjusting for other variables, revealed significant associations between BMI, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels, and hypertension grades. Individuals with BMI below 18.5 kg/m2 had a 0.614-fold lower risk of developing grade III hypertension (odds ratio [OR]: 0.614, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.390–0.966, p = 0.0350) and a 0.586-fold lower risk for grade II hypertension (OR: 0.586, 95% CI: 0.402–0.852, p = 0.0052). Furthermore, individuals with elevated LDL levels had a 6.087-fold greater risk of progressing from grade I to grade III hypertension (OR: 6.087, 95% CI: 1.635–22.660, p = 0.0071) and a 4.356-fold greater risk of progressing from grade II to grade III hypertension (OR: 4.356, 95% CI: 1.052–18.033, p = 0.0423). Additionally, individuals of Li ethnicity had 1.823-fold greater risk of progressing from grade I to grade II hypertension compared to those of Han ethnicity (OR: 1.823, 95% CI: 1.033–3.218, p = 0.0383). Conclusions: A BMI below 18.5 kg/m2, elevated LDL, and ethnicity emerged the primary factors associated with hypertension grading in centenarians. To reduce the risk of hypertension, it is crucial for centenarians to maintain a healthy weight, normal LDL levels, and adopt dietary habits including a low-cholesterol and low-fat diet.

Ultrasonic frequency pulse assisted TIG welding (UFP-TIG) experiments were conducted to join Inconel 690 alloy (IN690) by adding Inconel 718 alloy (IN718) as the filler. The effect of the filler on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and ductility dip cracking (DDC) susceptibility of IN690 joints were investigated. The results show that a variety of precipitates, including MC-type carbide and Laves phases, are formed in the weld zone (WZ), which are uniformly dispersed in the interdendritic region and grain boundaries (GBs). The increase in the thickness of the IN718 filler facilitates the precipitation and growth of Laves phases and MC carbides. However, the formation of Laves phases in the WZ exhibits a lower bonding force with the matrix and deteriorates the tensile strength of IN690 joints. Due to the moderate content of Laves phases in the WZ, the IN690 joint with 1.0 mm filler reaches the maximum tensile strength (627 MPa), which is about 96.5% of that of the base metal (BM). The joint with 1.0 mm filler also achieves the highest elongation (35.4%). In addition, the strain-to-fracture tests indicate that the total length of cracks in the joint with the IN718 filler decreases by 66.49% under a 3.8% strain. As a result, the addition of the IN718 filler significantly improves the mechanical properties and DDC resistance of IN690 joints.

Controlling friction by light field is a low-cost, low-energy, non-polluting method. By applying ultraviolet light on the surface of photosensitive materials, the properties of the friction pairs or lubricant can be influenced, thus achieving the purpose of reducing friction. In this study, TiO2, an inorganic photosensitive material, was selected to investigate the modulating effect of light fields on friction lubrication when using polyalphaolefin (PAO) base oil as a lubricant, and the modulation law of light fields on the friction lubrication behavior was investigated under different loads (1–8 N), different speeds (20–380 mm/s), and different viscosities (10.1–108.6 mPa·s) of PAO base oil. The experimental results showed that light treatment could reduce the friction coefficient of PAO4 base oil lubrication from 0.034 to 0.016, with a reduction of 52.9% under conditions of 3 N-load and 56.5 mm/s-speed, and the best regulation effect could be achieved under the mixed lubrication condition. After TiO2 was treated with ultraviolet light, due to its photocatalytic property, PAO molecules were oxidized and adsorbed on the TiO2 surface to form an adsorption layer, which avoided the direct contact of rough peaks and thus reduced the friction coefficient. This study combines photosensitivity, photocatalysis, and friction, presenting a method to reduce the friction coefficient by applying a light field without changing the friction pairs or lubricants, which provides a new direction for friction modulation and gives new ideas for practical applications.

Abstract The PandaX-III experiment uses a high-pressure xenon gaseous time projection chamber (TPC) to search for the neutrinoless double beta decay (0νββ) of 136Xe. The absence of the vertex position in the electron drift direction at which the event takes place in the detector limits the PandaX-III TPC’s performance. The charged particle tracks recorded by the TPC provide a possibility for vertex reconstruction. In this paper, a convolution neural network (CNN) model VGGZ0net is proposed for the reconstruction of vertex position. An 11 cm precision is achieved with the Monte Carlo simulation events uniformly distributed along a maximum drift distance of 120 cm. The electron loss during the drift under the different gas conditions is studied, and after the distance-based correction, the detector energy resolution is significantly improved. The CNN model is also verified successfully using the experimental data of the PandaX-III prototype detector.

Abstract Background The IQ-SPECT system is equipped with multifocal collimators and uses ordered-subset conjugate gradient minimization (OSCGM) as its reconstruction algorithm, achieving a shorter acquisition time than conventional SPECT. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is overestimated by conventional SPECT in patients with small heart size. In this study, we compared IQ-SPECT with conventional SPECT and cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) for the estimation of LVEF in patients with small hearts (males: EDV ≤ 60 ml, ESV ≤ 25 ml; females: EDV ≤ 45 ml, ESV ≤ 20 ml). Methods The study consisted of 49 consecutive patients (20 normal and 29 with small heart size) undergoing gated myocardial perfusion imaging (GMPI) with a 99mTc-labelled agent during stress or rest to assess the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). The data were reconstructed using filtered back-projection (FBP) for conventional SPECT and OSCGM for IQ-SPECT. ESV, EDV, and LVEF were calculated using quantitative gated SPECT (QGS). To determine the optimal ordered-subset reconstruction parameters, we compared the LVEF from SPECT to the corresponding measurement from CMR. Results EDV, ESV, and LVEF values obtained from IQ-SPECT and conventional SPECT showed that the results of these two forms of SPECT were significantly correlated, although the EDV and ESV obtained by IQ-SPECT were higher than those obtained by conventional SPECT. IQ-SPECT yielded lower LVEF measurements than conventional SPECT (normal heart size: 50.6 ± 4.3% vs. 73.4 ± 8.4%, P = 0.002; small heart size: 62.1 ± 7.8% vs. 75.0 ± 11.4%, P 0.05; small heart size: 62.1 ± 7.8% vs. 64.6 ± 8.8%, P > 0.05). Five subsets (S) and 12 iterations (I) did not differ significantly in LVEF between CMR and IQ-SPECT for patients with small hearts (64.6 ± 8.8% vs. 62.1 ± 7.8%, P = 0.120), while 3 S and 10 I were the best parameters for patients with normal heart size (50.6 ± 4.3% vs. 53.1 ± 5.8%, P = 0.117). Conclusion With CMR as the standard, IQ-SPECT yields more reliable LVEF values than conventional SPECT for populations with small heart size. The best reconstruction parameters from IQ-SPECT were 5 S and 12 I for patients with small hearts.

Around 5%-10% of fetal pregnancies impacting maternal and neonatal outcomes have been affected by hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. As a cardiovascular risk factor, pre-eclampsia is now really recognized for women throughout the world. Pre-eclampsia is one hypertensive disorder in pregnancy. It imposes far-reaching influences on women and poses a great threat to life as well, no matter mother or child. Around 2% to 8% of pregnancies worldwide are affected by it. It also gives rise to marked maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. The occurrence of cardiovascular diseases is the most severe complication observed in preeclamptic women. As clearly revealed by the newest evidence, remarkable association exists between cardiovascular disease and pre-eclampsia. The aim of our review is to highlight the correlation between pre-eclampsia and the possibility of cardiovascular disease. Moreover, it still cannot establish a clear dependency mechanism between pre-eclampsia and cardiovascular disease for their multifactorial nature.

Abstract Background To explore the causes of endoscopic misdiagnosis of gastrointestinal cyst as solid lesion and the diagnostic value and limitations of EUS, guide clinicians to develop appropriate treatment strategies and improve the ability to identify SMT. Methods We enrolled patients diagnosed with gastrointestinal SMT between January 2001 and December 2021 who underwent endoscopic resection with postoperative pathological diagnosis of cyst. Age, sex, maximum lesion diameter, judge the texture of lesion, origin and echo are potential factors affecting the diagnostic accuracy of cysts. Results The diagnostic accuracy of EUS assessment 39.3% higher than that without EUS assessment (6.7%). The error rate was 60.7%, lower than that without EUS assessment (93.3%), suggesting that preoperative EUS assessment improved the diagnostic accuracy of gastrointestinal cyst (Fisher's accurate test, P = 0.033). The diagnostic accuracy of “judge the texture of lesion” was higher than that of no touch (P = 0.031). When the lesion size increased by 1 cm, the diagnostic accuracy decreased by about 21%. Hypoechoic lesions were less likely to be diagnosed correctly than anechoic lesions (P = 0.003). Conclusions The main cause of misdiagnosing gastrointestinal cyst as solid lesion is that no EUS assessment was performed before endoscopic resection or anechoic lesion was judged as hypoechoic lesion by preoperative EUS assessment.

Abstract Purpose We aimed to investigate the effect and significance of the rotation method with variable-angle anterior probe corrected for the depth of two kidneys on the determination of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in total and single kidneys by the renal dynamic imaging Gates method. Methods Seventy-two patients who underwent dynamic renal imaging by the rotation method and abdominal CT in our hospital were collected in the present study. CT scanning, rotation method, Tonnesen's formula, and Li-Qian's formula were compared in terms of the depth of two kidneys, the depth difference between the two kidneys, and the total renal and single GFR obtained by substituting the renal depth values into Gates' formula. Results ①The depth of kidneys and GFR: Compared to CT, Tonnesen's formula significantly underestimated the depth of both kidneys and the total and single renal GFR (P 0.05), with a strong agreement and with the least bias in the values measured by the rotation method. ②Renal depth difference: Compared to CT, Tonnesen's formula and Li-Qian's formula underestimated the difference in depth between the two kidneys (P 0.05). The depth difference was positively correlated with the resulting changes in single renal function (|R(CT)-R(Li-Qian)|) and (|R(Rotation)-R(Li-Qian)|) (r = 0.881, 0.641, P

Abstract Background Success rate of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in aortic regurgitation (AR) patients is relatively low on account of the absence of calcified anchoring structures. Morphological classification and corresponding TAVR strategies for AR are lacking yet. Methods The AURORA study is a prospective, multicenter, single-arm cohort study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of transfemoral TAVR for severe AR in patients with high or prohibitive risk for surgery. Patients who are ≥ 65 years and diagnosed with severe pure AR as defined by the Echocardiographic Core Laboratory will be consecutively enrolled for further multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) scanning and multiplanar analyses. Based on a new anatomical classification and dual anchoring theory, patients will be classified into 4 types according to the level of the anchoring area. Types 1, 2 and 3 (at least 2 anchoring areas) will undergo the TAVR procedure with a domestic Chinese self-expanding valve (VitaFlow Valve, MicroPort, Shanghai, China), whereas type 4 (0 or 1 anchoring area) patients will be considered unsuitable for TAVR and will receive medical treatment. Our goal is to recruit 100 patients to account for 10% missing data or loss of patients to follow-up. Procedural, 30-day, 6-month and 12-month outcomes will be assessed according to Valve Academic Research Consortium-3 criteria. Discussion The AURORA study will establish a new AR anatomical classification based on dual anchoring theory through MDCT multiplanar measurement and assess the safety and efficacy of TAVR guided by this new classification and strategy in AR patients. Trial registration: This Study was registered at Chinses Clinical Trial Registry. The registration number: ChiCTR2200055415; The date of registration: 9, January 2022; The URL of the registration: http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=141209 .

Objective:. This study aimed to investigate the association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of PCSK1 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 1) related to obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods:. In this case-control observational study, four candidate SNPs (rs6234, rs155971, rs6232, rs3811951) of PCSK1 were genotyped in 732 NAFLD patients and 823 healthy control participants, all of whom were of ethnic Han Chinese descent. All participants came from Shanghai, China, and joined our study during 2015 to 2016. The frequencies of each allele and genotype, paired linkage disequilibrium, and haplotype were calculated on the SHEsis platform. In addition to SHEsis, five different genetic models (codominant, dominant, recessive, overdominant, and log-additive) were employed to identify the correlation between genotype frequency and NAFLD. This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (approved No. 2017LCSY069). Results:. In a comparison of NAFLD patients and healthy participants, none of the four PCSK1 SNPs were significantly correlated with the occurrence of NAFLD (P > 0.05), in either genotypic or allelic distribution. The recessive model of rs3811951 appeared to show a correlation (odds ratio = 1.077; 95% confidence interval = 0.924–1.256; P = 0.04), but there was no statistical significance after Bonferroni correction (Pcorr > 0.0125). Conclusions:. Four obesity-related PCSK1 SNPs (rs6234, rs155971, rs6232, rs3811951) showed no significant correlation with the development of NAFLD in a Han Chinese population.

In this study, circumferential U-notches of different depths were machined on a plain cylindrical creep specimen to simulate different stress states during steam pipe operation. The effects of stress concentration on the creep cavitation behavior and high-temperature creep properties of P91 steel were investigated through creep experiments and microstructure analysis, as well as measurement and analysis of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs using ImageJ to obtain the equivalent diameter, circularity, area and distribution of the voids after high-temperature creep of P91 steel. In the analysis of 98 notched samples of 14 bars, it was found that a large number of voids with diameters of 0.78–3.56 μm existed at the notch root, the voids were distributed in a fan shape near the notch root, the size of the distribution area was related to the stress, and the larger the stress was, the larger the area. The number, density and average area of voids increased with stress and time. The stress level at the notch root was found to be positively correlated with the area of damage caused by the voids in the region and negatively correlated with the number of voids based on the FE analysis. By analyzing the experimental data, it is found that the circularity is closely related to the void diameter, and the void coalescence occurs when the void diameter reaches a critical value, which varies with temperature, stress and time.

This paper aimed to investigate the feasibility of underwater wet welding for Inconel 625 alloy using Ni-based filler. The microstructure, elemental distribution, and properties of underwater wet welded Inconel 625 alloy joints were analyzed. The grain boundary type and grain growth orientation across the fusion boundary were particularly investigated. A continuous and smooth weld with no visible defects was obtained. The nickel based welds was fully austenite structure with extensive grain boundary migration. The heat-affected zone experienced obvious grain growth. A compositional transition zone with a width of 50 μm was observed across the fusion boundary. Apparent epitaxial growth across the fusion boundaries was found and the grain boundaries roughly perpendicular to the fusion boundaries are was mainly high angle grain boundaries. The density of low Σ CSL grain boundary in Inconel 625 base metal was higher than that in Ni-based weld metal. The ultimate tensile strength of underwater wet welded joints reached up to 83% that of Inconel 625 alloy. The impact toughness of HAZ was deteriorated because of the segregation of carbide and Laves phase in grain boundary. The corrosion resistance of Ni-based welds maintained at a high level based on the corrosion current density, although it was inferior to that of Inconel 625 alloy. The expected research results could enrich the underwater welding/repair technology of Ni-based alloy structures.

Abstract. Background:. Gallbladder and biliary tract cancer (GBTC) has greatly damaged the health of patients and is accompanied by a dismal prognosis. The worldwide distribution of GBTC shows extensive variance and the updated data in China is lacking. This study was to determine the current status, trends, and predictions in the burden of GBTC over the past 30 years in China. Methods:. This was a descriptive, epidemiological, secondary analysis of the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factor Study 2019 data. Data including incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of GBTC in China by year, age, and sex were assessed. Joinpoint regression analysis was conducted to evaluate trends of disease burden due to GBTC from 1990 to 2019. Nordpred age-period-cohort analysis was applied for the projection of mortality and incidence due to GBTC from 2019 to 2044. Results:. Nationally, there were 38,634 (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 27,350–46,512) new cases and 47,278 (95% UI: 32,889–57,229) patients due to GBTC, causing 34,462 (95% UI: 25,220–41,231) deaths, and 763,584 (95% UI: 566,755–920,493) DALYs in 2019. Both cases and rates of burden owing to GBTC were heavier among males and at old age. From 1990 to 2019, the age-standardized rates of incidence, prevalence, mortality, and DALYs of GBTC generally increased from 1990 to 2019, with average annual percentage change at 0.8% (95% confidential interval [CI]: 0.6–1.0%), 1.3% (95% CI: 1.1–1.5%), 0.4% (95% CI: 0.2–0.6%), and 0.2% (95% CI: 0.1–0.4%), respectively. Even though the age-standardized incidence rate and age-standardized mortality rate in both sexes were predicted to decline gradually from 2019 to 2044, the number of new cases and deaths were expected to grow steadily. Conclusions:. GBTC is becoming a major health burden in China, particularly among males and older individuals. Given the aging population and increasing burden, effective strategies and measurements are urged to prevent or reduce the number of new cases and deaths of GBTC.

The fructus of Kadsura coccinea known as 'Bu-Fu-Na' is an emerging internet-famous fruit. For deep processing of 'Bu-Fu-Na' related products, an approach combining LC-MS analysis, network pharmacological prediction, and experimental validation was adopted to explore phytochemicals and biological functions of K. coccinea pericarpium (KCP) for the first time. In total, 9 lignans and 11 triterpenoids in KCP chloroform extract were identified by HPLC-Q-TOF/MS, and these chemicals acted on their key targets through multiple signaling pathways to achieve various biofunctions according to the constructed compound-target-pathway-disease network. Further experimental validation indicated that the four high-content lanostane-type triterpenoid acids in KCP strongly decreased 4T1 breast cancer cell viability in vitro, and the KCP chloroform extract had a good safety profile in 4T1 tumor-bearing mice and achieved anti-tumor efficacy by modulating immunity and activating the MAPK signal pathway. The obtained results provided comprehensive phytochemical and bioactive information for developing high value-added products of 'Bu-Fu-Na'.

Butter layers of different thicknesses were successfully deposited on ferritic steel by using the tungsten arc welding (TIG) process. The effects of butter layer thickness on the microstructural characteristics, elemental distribution, and mechanical properties of underwater wet 16Mn/304L dissimilar welded joints were investigated. The results showed that the butter layer significantly changed the microstructure and elemental distribution of 16Mn/304L joints. As the thickness of butter increased, the heat-affected zone (HAZ) at the ferritic steel side changed from the original 16Mn steel to the ERNiCrMo-3 butter layer. The martensite content in HAZ also exhibited a downward trend. When the thickness of the butter layer exceeded 6 mm, the microstructure of HAZ at the ferritic steel side was composed of ferrite and pearlite, instead of quenched martensite. The microhardness of underwater dissimilar steel welded joints significantly reduced due to the absence of martensite. The addition of the butter layer increased the ultimate tensile strength from 515 MPa to 565 MPa. The results of this work could provide a robust basis for future applications of dissimilar steel structures.

Abstract PandaX-4T is a ton-scale dark matter direct detection experiment using a dual-phase TPC technique at the China Jinping Underground Laboratory. Various ultra-low background technologies have been developed and applied to material screening for PandaX-4T, including HPGe gamma spectroscopy, ICP-MS, NAA, radon emanation measurement system, krypton assay station, and alpha detection system. Low background materials were selected to assemble the detector. Surface treatment procedures were investigated to further suppress radioactive background. Combining measured results and Monte Carlo simulation, the total material background rates of PandaX-4T in the energy region of 1–25 keVee are estimated to be (9.9 ± 1.9) × 10 −3 mDRU for electron recoil and (2.8 ± 0.6) × 10 −4 mDRU for nuclear recoil. In addition, natKr in the detector is estimated to be < 8 ppt.

Abstract. Background:. Pancreatitis is a common disease of the digestive system. Acute pancreatitis is one of the most common reasons for gastrointestinal hospital admission, and chronic pancreatitis significantly reduces quality of life. However, national epidemiological data on pancreatitis in China are lacking. This study aimed to quantify the disease burden of pancreatitis in China from 1990 to 2019. Methods:. This study was based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 dataset. Age-standardized rates of incidence (ASIR), prevalence (ASPR), mortality (ASMR), and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were used to describe the disease burden of pancreatitis, and estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) was used to indicate the average change in age-standardized rates. We also described the trend of pancreatitis-related mortality and DALYs, which are attributable to alcohol use by age and sex. Results:. From 1990 to 2019, the ASIR, ASPR, ASMR, and age-standardized DALYs of pancreatitis in China decreased by 10.90, 1.50, 0.49, and 15.54 per 100,000, respectively, with EAPCs of −1.35 (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: −1.67, −1.02) and −0.37 (95% UI: −0.43, −0.31), −2.01 (95% UI: −2.07, −1.94) and −2.32 (95% UI: −2.37, −2.28), respectively. Recently, the numbers of incident and prevalent cases have risen, with estimates of 380,018 (95% UI: 308,669–462,767) and 493,765 (95% UI: 416,705–578,675), respectively, in 2019. Among men, the disease burden of pancreatitis was more severe than among women, and with variances in the distribution among different age groups. Age-standardized DALYs caused by alcohol-related pancreatitis have gradually worsened in the past decade, accounting for 34.09% of the total in 2019. Conclusions:. The disease burden of pancreatitis in China has declined in the past 30 years, but the exacerbation of population aging poses a challenge to prevention and control of pancreatitis. Alcohol use has gradually become an important factor in the disease burden of pancreatitis in recent years.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third highest incidence and the second highest mortality malignant tumor in the world. The etiology and pathogenesis of CRC are complex. Due to the long course of the disease and no obvious early symptoms, most patients are diagnosed as middle and late stages. CRC is prone to metastasis, most commonly liver metastasis, which is one of the leading causes of death in CRC patients. Ferroptosis is a newly discovered cell death form with iron dependence, which is driven by excessive lipid peroxides on the cell membrane. It is different from other form of programmed cell death in morphology and mechanism, such as apoptosis, pyroptosis and necroptosis. Numerous studies have shown that ferroptosis may play an important role in the development of CRC. For advanced or metastatic CRC, ferroptosis promises to open a new door in the setting of poor response to chemotherapy and targeted therapy. This mini review focuses on the pathogenesis of CRC, the mechanism of ferroptosis and the research status of ferroptosis in CRC treatment. The potential association between ferroptosis and CRC and some challenges are discussed.

Photoinduced superlubricity on TiO2 surfaces is a newfound phenomenon which draws researchers’ attention. This study provides a new method to achieve superlubricity (COF0.1 m/s and >9 N), the photoinduced superlubricity will fail because of wrong lubrication state. When the pH value of running-in solution is less than 4.5, photoinduced superlubricity is easier to achieve. In discuss, mixed lubrication is believed to be the key to success of photoinduced superlubricity, because the elastohydrodynamic effect, doublelayer effect and adsorption of glycerol molecules works at the same time. In addition, due to the formation of the SiO2 layer on the Si3N4 ball and better attraction to lubricant molecules with hydroxyl radicals on the TiO2 surface, running-in in solutions with low pH values contributes to the success of photoinduced superlubricity. In any event, the ultraviolet illumination can reduce the friction coefficient of the TiO2/Si3N4 tribological system and can realize photoinduced superlubricity under appropriate running-in conditions.

Network traffic state prediction has been constantly challenged by complex spatiotemporal features of traffic information as well as imperfection in streaming data. This paper proposes a traffic flow prediction model for spatiotemporal graph networks based on fusion of attention mechanisms (STGNN-FAM) to simultaneously tackle these challenges. This model contains a spatial feature extraction layer, a bidirectional temporal feature extraction layer, and an attention fusion layer, which not only fully considers the temporal and spatial features of the traffic flow problem but also uses the attention mechanism to enhance the critical temporal and spatial features to achieve more accurate and robust predictions. Experimental results on a network traffic speed dataset PeMSD7 show that the proposed STGNN-FAM outperforms several important benchmarks in prediction accuracy and the ability to withstand interference in the data stream, especially for mid- and long-term prediction of 30 minutes and 45 minutes.

The gut microbiome and host genetics are both associated with major depressive disorder (MDD); however, the molecular mechanisms among the associations are poorly understood, especially in the Asian, Chinese group. Our study applied linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe) and genome-wide association analysis in the cohort with both gut sequencing data and genomics data. We reported the different gut microbiota characteristics between MDD and control groups in the Chinese group and further constructed the association between host genetics and the gut microbiome. Actinobacteria and Pseudomonades were found more in the MDD group. We found significant differences in the ACE and Chao indexes of alpha diversity while no discrepancy in beta diversity. We found three associations between host genetics with microbiome features: beta diversity and rs6108 (p = 8.65 × 10–9), Actinobacteria and rs77379751 (p = 8.56 × 10–9), and PWY-5913 and rs1775633082 (p = 4.54 × 10–8). A species of the Romboutsia genus was co-associated with the species of Ruminococcus gnavus in an internetwork through four genes: METTL8, ITGB2, OTULIN, and PROSER3, with a strict threshold (p < 5 × 10–4). Furthermore, our findings suggested that the gut microbiome diversity might affect microRNA expression in the brain and influenced SERPINA5 and other spatially close genes afterward. These findings suggest new linkages between depression and gut microbiome in Asian, Chinese people, which might be mediated by genes and microRNA regulation in space distance.

The effect of post-weld heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of electron beam welded IN738LC joint has been investigated. The fusion zone consists of γ-Ni matrix, bimodal-size γʹ particles, granular MC carbides (Ti-rich) and Cr-rich M23C6 carbide chain in IN738LC joint subjected to post-weld heat treatment. The secondary γʹ particle in fusion zone precipitates and grows ceaselessly with the increased aging time. The coarsening of γʹ particle follows the Lifshiitz-Slyozov-Wagner coarsening theory with a constant coarsening rate of 1.003 × 10−27m3/s. The secondary γʹ particle in base metal shows a similar size with that of fusion zone, but a lower volume fraction (52%) than that of fusion zone (54%). M23C6 carbide is easier to precipitate along high angle grain boundaries. As aging time increases, the morphology of M23C6 carbide changes from discrete granular shape to continuous chain. The thickness of M23C6 carbide also increases dramatically. Owing to smaller grain size and higher solute concentration in fusion zone, more M23C6 carbides form in FZ than that of base metal. With the increased aging time, the tensile strength of IN738LC joint at 900°C decreases gradually, while the elongation of joint firstly increases and then decreases, which is attributed to the increased channel width of γ-Ni matrix. Due to the formation of continuous M23C6 carbide chain, the rupture life of IN738LC joint firstly increases and then decreases as aging time increases. Combined with the mechanical properties and size stability of γʹ precipitates in IN738LC joint, 1125°C/2 h + 850°C/24 h is an optimized post-weld heat treatment regime.

Abstract. Background:. Hypertension is associated with stroke-related mortality. However, the long-term association of blood pressure (BP) and the risk of stroke-related mortality and the influence path of BP on stroke-related death remain unknown. The current study aimed to estimate the long-term causal associations between BP and stroke-related mortality and the potential mediating and moderated mediating model of the associations. Methods:. This is a 45-year follow-up cohort study and a total of 1696 subjects were enrolled in 1976 and 1081 participants died by the latest follow-up in 2020. COX proportional hazard model was used to explore the associations of stroke-related death with baseline systolic blood pressure (SBP)/diastolic blood pressure (DBP) categories and BP changes from 1976 to 1994. The mediating and moderated mediating effects were performed to detect the possible influencing path from BP to stroke-related deaths. E value was calculated in the sensitivity analysis. Results:. Among 1696 participants, the average age was 44.38 ± 6.10 years, and 1124 were men (66.3%). After a 45-year follow-up, a total of 201 (11.9%) stroke-related deaths occurred. After the adjustment, the COX proportional hazard model showed that among the participants with SBP ≥ 160 mmHg or DBP ≥ 100 mmHg in 1976, the risk of stroke-related death increased by 217.5% (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.175, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.297–4.388), and the adjusted HRs were higher in male participants. Among the participants with hypertension in 1976 and 1994, the risk of stroke-related death increased by 110.4% (HR = 2.104, 95% CI: 1.632–2.713), and the adjusted HRs of the BP changes were higher in male participants. Body mass index (BMI) significantly mediated the association of SBP and stroke-related deaths and this mediating effect was moderated by gender. Conclusions:. In a 45-year follow-up, high BP and persistent hypertension are associated with stroke-related death, and these associations were even more pronounced in male participants. The paths of association are mediated by BMI and moderated by gender.

Abstract Background Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of premature mortality and burden of diseases in the world. The Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is located in northern China, constitute 17.66% individuals with Mongolian, which have unique diet and lifestyles. Therefore, the Inner Mongolian Healthy Aging Study (IMAGINS) was designed to explore risk factors for chronic diseases and evaluate the effectiveness of health management on CVDs in population at high-risk. Methods The IMAGINS is an ongoing and prospective cohort study of men and women aged ≥35 years from Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region, northern China. This study performed in investigating risk factors for CVDs, screening and providing health management strategy for high-risk population of CVDs. The IMAGINS began in September 2015 and scheduled to recruiting and follow-up outcome until 2030. For general population, a long-term follow-up will be conducted every 5 years to collect the information above and data on clinical outcomes. For high-risk population, comprehensive health managements were performed and scheduled to follow-up annually. All IMAGINS participants are followed for incident CVDs and death. Discussion The IMAGINS is designed to increase understanding how cardiovascular-related risk factors contribute to the development of CVDs and the positive effect of health management strategy for high-risk CVD participants. Key features of this study include (i) a carefully characterized cohort between high risk of CVDs and non-high risk population; (ii) detailed measurement of CVDs risk factors and health management strategies for high risk population; (iii) long-term follow-up of CVDs and death. The IMAGINS represents a good research opportunity to investigate clinical and genetic factors in high-risk population, might providing basis for the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases.

Person re-identification (ReID) has attracted the attention of a large number of researchers due to its wide range of applications. However, due to the difficulty of extracting robust features and the complexity of the feature extraction process, ReID is difficult to truly apply in practice. In this paper, we utilize Pyramid Vision Transformer (PVT) as the backbone for feature extraction and propose a PVT-based ReID method in conjunction with other studies. First, we establish a basic model using powerful methods verified on CNN-based ReID. Second, to further improve the robustness of the features extracted from the PVT backbone, we design two new modules: (1) a local feature clustering (LFC) module is used to select the most discrete local features and cluster them individually by calculating the distance between local and global features, and (2) side information embeddings (SIE) are used to encode nonvisual information and send it to the network for use training in order to reduce its impact on the features. Our experiments show that the proposed PVTReID achieves an mAP of 63.2% on MSMT17 and 80.5% on DukeMTMC-reID. In addition, we evaluated the inference speed for images achieved by different methods, proving that image inference is faster with our proposed method. These results clearly illustrate that using PVT as a backbone network with LFC and SIE modules can improve inference speed while extracting robust features.

A millimeter-wave broadband metasurface-based antenna with a low profile is proposed. In order to guide the mode excitation, the characteristic mode analysis (CMA) is used for the design and optimization of the proposed antenna. Four sets of coplanar patches with different dimensions on a thin printed circuit board are used to generate four adjacent broadside modes, which are directly fed by a coaxial probe. Then, to expand low-frequency bandwidth, a new resonant mode is introduced by etching slots on the parasite patch. Meanwhile, the extra mode introduced does not significantly change the radiation performance of the original modes. Moreover, dual slots are etched on the mid patch fed by the coaxial probe, which moves the orthogonal modes of the chosen modes out of the operating band to reduce cross-polarization levels. The proposed antenna realized 25.02 % (30–38.58 GHz) impedance bandwidth with dimensions of 1.423×1.423×0.029λ0 3 (λ0 is the wavelength at 34 GHz in free space), and the realized gain in the band is 8.35–11.3 dB.

Abstract Background Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a disorder that extends from simple hepatic steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which is effectively alleviated by lifestyle intervention. Nevertheless, DNA methylation mechanism underling the effect of environmental factors on NAFLD and NASH is still obscure. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of exercise and diet intervention in NAFLD and NASH via DNA methylation of GAB2. Methods Methylation of genomic DNA in human NAFLD was quantified using Infinium Methylation EPIC BeadChip assay after exercise (Ex), low carbohydrate diet (LCD) and exercise plus low carbohydrate diet (ELCD) intervention. The output Idat files were processed using ChAMP package. False discovery rate on genome-wide analysis of DNA methylation (q

The effect of post-weld solution treatment (PWST) on microstructure and mechanical properties of electron beam welded IN738LC joint has been investigated. The fusion zone (FZ) of IN738LC joint consisted of γ-Ni matrix, fine γʹ particles, granular MC carbides and a bit of M23C6 carbides after PWST. With the increased solution temperature, the area percent of MC carbides decreased while the content of γʹ particles increased gradually. The solvus temperature of γʹ phase in FZ and base metal (BM) was 1150 °C and 1175 °C, respectively, which was due to the different size of primary γʹ particles. When the complete dissolution of primary γʹ particles in FZ and BM occurred, the micro-hardness of FZ and BM reached the peak values (509.5 HV and 503.9 HV). As the solution temperature increased, the tensile strength of IN738LC joint initially increased and then decreased, while the stress-rupture life of IN738LC joint decreased steadily. The joint with bimodal-size γ′ particles and moderate MC carbides after 1125 °C/2 h heat treatment showed the excellent comprehensive mechanical performance, and the average strength and stress-rupture life of IN738LC joints were 686 MPa (900 °C) and 2.395 h (900 °C/350 MPa), respectively. Consequently, 1125 °C/2 h has been proposed as an optimized PWST process for IN738LC joint.

Hall thrusters function as power plants on spacecraft, and its development is crucial for the aerospace industry. The wall erosion of the on-orbit Hall thruster cannot be measured by the control center through ground measurement, but can obtain the discharge current low-frequency oscillation data. Therefore, this study proposes an inversion method to obtain the wall erosion information based on low-frequency oscillation signals and neural networks. Firstly, we use an improved one-dimensional quasi-neutral dynamic fluid mathematical model to build a low-frequency oscillation simulation platform which obtains the corresponding data by varying the cross-sectional area. Secondly, a nonlinear neural network model is established based on the obtained low-frequency oscillation data to invert the wall erosion information. The training function, transfer function, number of hidden layer nodes, and other parameters affecting the results are analyzed and the best model parameters are obtained. The Elman neural network is established and compared with the BP neural network and RBF neural network. The training results of the Elman neural network algorithm present small and stable errors, and the results of multiple predictions remain consistent. The root means square error, average absolute error, and average absolute percentage are 0.0084, 0.0637, and 0.045%, respectively.

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (S. maltophilia) is widely distributed in nature and frequently causes nosocomial infections. In this work, the biological characteristics and genome of a new S. maltophilia phage BUCT609 isolated from hospital sewage with S. maltophilia strain No. 3015 as host was analyzed and its therapeutic effect in vivo was explored. It was observed by TEM that phage BUCT609 belongs to the Podoviridae with a 10 nm tail structure and a capsid with a diameter of about 50 nm. It has a short latent period (about 10 min) and its burst size is 382 PFU /cell when multiplicity of infection (MOI) is 0.01. Furthermore, it has a high survival rate in the environment with a pH range from 3 to 10 and temperature range from 4°C to 55°C. The complete genome of phage BUCT609 is linear double-stranded DNA of 43,145 bp in length, and the GC content is 58%. The genome sequence of phage BUCT609 shares

This study aimed to explore the main influencing factors of suicide risk among Chinese students and establish an early warning model to provide interventions for high-risk students. We conducted surveys of students in their first and third years from a cohort study at Jining Medical College. Logistic regression models were used to screen the early warning factors, and four machine learning models were used to establish early warning models. There were 8 factors related to suicide risk that were eventually obtained through screening, including age, having a rough father, and CES-D, OHQ, ASLEC-4, BFI-Neuroticism, BFI-Openness, and MMC-AF-C scores. A random forest model with SMOTE was adopted, and it verified that these 8 early warning signs, for suicide risk can effectively predict suicide risk within 2 years with an AUC score of 0.947. Among the factors, we constructed a model that indicated that different personality traits affected suicide risk by different paths. Moreover, the factors obtained by screening can be used to identify college students in the same year with a high risk of suicide, with an AUC score that reached 0.953. Based on this study, we suggested some interventions to prevent students going high suicide risk.

Objectives This study aims to estimate the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control rates of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and pre-diabetes as well as to identify its associated factors among Mongolians living in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China.Design Cross-sectional study.Setting and participants This sample included 11 361 Mongolian participants from the Inner Mongolian Healthy Aging Intervention Study, a population-based screening project consisting of 141 255 adults aged above 35 years in Inner Mongolia from 2015 to 31 December 2020.Outcome measures The prevalence and 95% CIs of T2D and pre-diabetes were calculated. Factors associated with the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of T2D were explored by a binomial logistic regression.Results A total of 17.2% (95% CI 16.5% to 17.9%) of the sample had T2D, of whom 34.0% (95% CI 31.9% to 36.1%) were aware of their diagnosis, 24.7% (95% CI 22.8% to 26.6%) were taking prescribed antidiabetic medications, 6.7% (95% CI 5.6% to 7.8%) had achieved control and 27.5% (95 % CI 26.7% to 28.3%) had pre-diabetes. The prevalence of T2D increased with increasing age, male, lower education level, smoking, obesity and a history of hypertension or dyslipidaemia (all p

We present the constraints on the axial-vector and pseudo-scalar mediated WIMP-nucleus interactions from the PandaX-4T experiment, using the data set corresponding to a total exposure of 0.63 tonne⋅year. No significant signal excess is observed, and the most stringent constraints to date on the mediator mass are set for the axial-vector and pseudo-scalar simplified models. The maximum excluded mass of an axial-vector mediator is 825 GeV/c2 and that of a pseudo-scalar mediator is 106 GeV/c2. In addition, the upper limits on the spin-dependent WIMP-nucleon scattering cross-section for conventional neutron-only and proton-only interactions are derived.

Ferroptosis has been implicated in tumor progression and immunoregulation. Identification of ferroptosis-related prognostic gene is important for immunotherapy and prognosis in ovarian cancer (OV). We assessed the potential predictive power of a novel ferroptosis-related gene (FRG) signature for prognosis and immunotherapy in Asian and Caucasian OV populations. We collected gene expression profiles and clinicopathological data from public databases. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression algorithm was used to construct the FRG signature. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, Kaplan-Meier method, Cox regression model were used to evaluate the clinical benefits of FRG signature. Gene functional and gene set enrichment analyses were used for functional annotation and immune landscape analysis. A 15-FRG signature was constructed and used to stratify patients into two risk groups. Patients in the high-risk group had significantly worse survival. The risk score was a significant independent risk factor for OS. The area under the ROC curve indicated the good prediction performance of the FRG signature. Notably, the low-risk group showed a significant enrichment in immune-related pathways and a “hot” immune status. The risk score was found to be an efficient and robust predictor of response to immunotherapy. In conclusion, our study identified a novel 15-FRG prognostic signature that can be used for prognostic prediction and precision immunotherapy in Asian and Caucasian OV populations.

Abstract Taking into account the limitations of the single weighting method presently used for the environmental risk evaluation of overseas mining investment, an improved extension evaluation method based on game theory was developed. The method was then applied to real data from the Philippines and used to establish the congener element object and classical domain of the environmental risk of mining investment in the Philippines, based on extension matter element theory. The optimal index weights, based on a balance of subjective and objective results, were obtained from game theory, the analytic hierarchy process, and entropy weight theory. This enabled calculation of the association function values of evaluation indexes in the Philippines and the environmental risk level of overseas mining investment. Finally, given the weighting and association function values, the environmental risk level of mining investment in the Philippines was determined to be level II (higher risk). These results show that the proposed model is effective for evaluating the environmental risk of overseas mining investment.