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Objective: Describe the first hybrid global simulation-based comprehensive cleft care workshop, evaluate impact on participants, and compare experiences based on in-person versus virtual attendance. Design: Cross-sectional survey-based evaluation. Setting: International comprehensive cleft care workshop. Participants: Total of 489 participants. Interventions: Three-day simulation-based hybrid comprehensive cleft care workshop. Main Outcome Measures: Participant demographic data, perceived barriers and interventions needed for global comprehensive cleft care delivery, participant workshop satisfaction, and perceived short-term impact on practice stratified by in-person versus virtual attendance. Results: The workshop included 489 participants from 5 continents. The response rate was 39.9%. Participants perceived financial factors (30.3%) the most significant barrier and improvement in training (39.8%) as the most important intervention to overcome barriers facing cleft care delivery in low to middle-income countries. All participants reported a high level of satisfaction with the workshop and a strong positive perceived short-term impact on their practice. Importantly, while this was true for both in-person and virtual attendees, in-person attendees reported a significantly higher satisfaction with the workshop (28.63 ± 3.08 vs 27.63 ± 3.93; P =.04) and perceived impact on their clinical practice (22.37 ± 3.42 vs 21.02 ± 3.45 P =.01). Conclusion: Hybrid simulation-based educational comprehensive cleft care workshops are overall well received by participants and have a positive perceived impact on their clinical practices. In-person attendance is associated with significantly higher satisfaction and perceived impact on practice. Considering that financial and health constraints may limit live meeting attendance, future efforts will focus on making in-person and virtual attendance more comparable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Analysis of National Longitudinal Survey of Youth data shows both men and women engaged in substantial job search and mobility in early career, with high payoff. Although men suffered more involuntary mobility, women were more likely to change jobs for family reasons, which resulted in less wage growth. (SK)

This article uses samples of young, middle-aged, and older married workers drawn from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics to examine whether the effect of housework time on wages differs among these age groups. Results from OLS, fixed effects, and panel data instrumental variables models show that young and middle-aged wives are the only groups for which the authors find consistent evidence of a housework effect on wages. Each additional hour of housework reduces their wages by 0.1-0.4%. Additionally, the analysis finds evidence that for young workers, housework time is an important determinant of the male/female wage gap. (JEL J16, J22, J31), I. INTRODUCTION If childcare and other housework demand relatively large quantities of 'energy' as compared to leisure and other non-market uses of time by men, women with responsibilities for housework [...]

We propose a robust Bayesian approach to the analysis of wage differentials based on the standard wage decomposition model. Although this model has been widely used to study wage discrimination based on race or gender, little attention has been given to the impact of aberrant observations (outliers) or heteroscedasticity on the resulting inferences regarding the discrimination effect. Results from Monte Carlo experiments demonstrate the advantages of our approach in the presence of outliers and heteroscedasticity. Simulation examples provide a comparison of estimates and inferences from the robust Bayesian approach with those from more traditional least-squares methods of wage decomposition analysis.

The authors examine the linkage between early-career occupational segregation and occupational mobility. Using samples from the original National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY79), they find evidence of race and gender differences in individuals' occupational histories. The differences by race indicate that occupational mobility exacerbates black/white occupational segregation. In contrast, the differences by gender suggest men and women start out in different occupations, and their subsequent occupational mobility reinforces that initial degree of occupational segregation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Describe the first hybrid global simulation-based comprehensive cleft care workshop, evaluate impact on participants, and compare experiences based on in-person versus virtual attendance., Design: Cross-sectional survey-based evaluation., Setting: International comprehensive cleft care workshop., Participants: Total of 489 participants., Interventions: Three-day simulation-based hybrid comprehensive cleft care workshop., Main Outcome Measures: Participant demographic data, perceived barriers and interventions needed for global comprehensive cleft care delivery, participant workshop satisfaction, and perceived short-term impact on practice stratified by in-person versus virtual attendance., Results: The workshop included 489 participants from 5 continents. The response rate was 39.9%. Participants perceived financial factors (30.3%) the most significant barrier and improvement in training (39.8%) as the most important intervention to overcome barriers facing cleft care delivery in low to middle-income countries. All participants reported a high level of satisfaction with the workshop and a strong positive perceived short-term impact on their practice. Importantly, while this was true for both in-person and virtual attendees, in-person attendees reported a significantly higher satisfaction with the workshop (28.63 ± 3.08 vs 27.63 ± 3.93; P  = .04) and perceived impact on their clinical practice (22.37 ± 3.42 vs 21.02 ± 3.45 P  = .01)., Conclusion: Hybrid simulation-based educational comprehensive cleft care workshops are overall well received by participants and have a positive perceived impact on their clinical practices. In-person attendance is associated with significantly higher satisfaction and perceived impact on practice. Considering that financial and health constraints may limit live meeting attendance, future efforts will focus on making in-person and virtual attendance more comparable.