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Extreme ultraviolet (EUV) light is used to probe the molecular beam of [1-ethyl-3--methylimidazolium][bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide)] ([emim][[Tf.sub.2]N]) and related ionic liquids (IL) vapors by single photon ionization. The experiments have shown that vaporized isolated ion-pairs might undergo a dissociative photoionization to produce the intact cation and neutral fragments of the anion.

Recently, Arya et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 113, 2079 (2000)] introduced a new molecular dynamics method to rapidly compute the viscosity of fluids. The technique, termed momentum impulse relaxation (MIR), involves the imposition of a Gaussian velocity profile on an equilibrated system, after which the decay in the profile is monitored as a function of time. The shear viscosity is computed by matching the rate of decay of the velocity profile to the corresponding solution of the Navier-Stokes equation. The method was originally applied to simple systems (argon and n-butane) and found to give a comparable accuracy to conventional equilibrium and nonequilibrium methods with more than an order of magnitude reduction in computing time. In this work, we extend and generalize the method to examine larger molecules with higher viscosities than have been examined previously. A detailed analysis of the method is given, including the effect the velocity boundary conditions have on the viscosity, the sensitivity of the results to the velocity profile fitting procedure, the effect of preequilibration of the Gaussian profile, and the effect the system size and box shape have on the accuracy and speed of the method. It is shown that the MIR method can be extended to treat multiatom systems without loss of accuracy or computational efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbon dioxide solubility (vapor-liquid equilibria: VLE) in an ionic liquid, 1-ethyl-3-ethylimidazolium acetate ([eeim][Ac]) was measured using a gravimetric microbalance at four isotherms (about 283, 298, 323, and 348 K) up to about 2 MPa. An equation-of-state (EOS) model was used to analyze the VLE data and has predicted vapor-liquid-liquid equilibria (VLLE: or liquid-liquid separations) in CO(2)-rich solutions. The VLLE prediction was confirmed experimentally using a volumetric method and likely the liquid-liquid equilibria will intersect with the solid-liquid equilibria such that no lower critical solution temperature can exist and the binary system may be classified as Type III phase behavior. Carbon dioxide solubility in the ionic-liquid-rich solution show extremely unusual behavior. CO(2) dissolves in the ionic liquid at large concentrations (up to about 20 mole % of CO(2)) with almost no vapor pressure above the mixtures. This result is similar to our previous findings with 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([bmim][Ac]) and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([emim][Ac]). In all three cases the CO(2) forms a molecular complex (or chemical reaction) with the ionic liquid. (13)C NMR spectroscopy has identified the structure for CO(2) absorbed in [eeim][Ac] to be [eeim]-2-carboxylate. Addition of water to the carboxylate leads to the dissolution of CO(2). The thermodynamic excess properties (enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs energy) for all three systems have been calculated using the EOS and support the complex formation of the type AB(2) (where A is CO(2) and B is ionic liquid). Isothermal differential scanning calorimetry has verified the heat of reaction calculations and found for CO(2) absorbing in [emim][Ac], [eeim][Ac] and [bmim][Ac] to be about -38 kJ mol(-1). Additional experiments have examined the effect of water on the density, viscosity and CO(2) solubility in [eeim][Ac] and the CO(2) solubility in mixtures of [eeim][Ac] with other acetate salts., (Copyright © 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.)